JP6278859B2 - Elevator maintenance method and elevator system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator maintenance method and an elevator system, and more particularly to an elevator maintenance method and an elevator system that perform floor height measurement operation.

  The elevator normally performs a floor height measurement operation in which the position data of each floor is taken into the control device at the time of installation. This floor height measurement operation is performed by driving the car from the lowest floor to the top floor. In the floor height measurement operation, the pulse output from the pulse generator installed in the motor of the hoisting machine is counted, and the car position detector installed in the car indicates the door openable / closable zone installed in each floor. It operates when crossing the shielding plate, and the count value of the pulse when this car position detector operates (detects the shielding plate) is stored in the control device as position data of each floor. Based on the stored position data of each floor, the elevator control device performs motor speed control such as acceleration / deceleration according to the position of the car.

  The sheave of the hoist is always in contact with the main rope and wears over time. As wear progresses, the relationship between the position data stored at the time of floor height measurement operation and the car position in actual operation shifts. Therefore, the floor height measurement operation is generally performed periodically at certain intervals. For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-212284 (Patent Document 1), when the time condition is satisfied, the sheave wear confirmation operation is performed, and it is checked whether or not the sheave wear value is within a predetermined value. It is described that the pulse data of the floor position is reset when the sheave wear value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. In the sheave wear confirmation operation of Patent Document 1, the elevator returns to one of the terminal floors, the pulse data is initialized, and then the elevator travels toward the terminal floor on the opposite side. Then, after landing, the pulse data value (A) actually changed from the start of travel to the end of travel and the difference (B) between the pulse data at both end floor positions stored in the storage device are calculated. To do. Then, these data A, B and “AB” are stored in the storage device, and the sheave wear degree is determined.

JP-A-9-212284

  However, the data A and B in Patent Document 1 include not only the sheave wear amount but also the main rope creep amount, the detection error of the terminal floor detection, and the like, and the sheave wear amount is always accurately detected. I can't say that. Further, in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to determine the necessity of the floor height measurement operation after calculating the sheave wear amount by performing the sheave wear confirmation operation, and a specific operation different from the normal service operation must be performed. I must.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator maintenance method and an elevator system capable of determining whether or not a floor height measurement operation is necessary without performing an elevator operation different from a normal service operation.

  The present invention measures the sheave wear amount during periodic inspections, etc., and obtains the deviation of the car movement distance between floors due to sheave wear based on the measured sheave wear amount and the control parameters of the elevator. The necessity of floor height measurement operation is determined based on the deviation of the car movement distance.

According to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether or not a floor height measurement operation is necessary without performing an elevator operation different from a normal service operation.
Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the elevator system of the Example of this invention. It is a block block diagram for performing floor height measurement driving | operation determination in the Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the various parameters for calculating the deviation | shift of the moving distance of a cage | basket | car from the measured amount of wear of the sheave (drive system of an elevator with a machine room). It is a figure explaining the various parameters for calculating the deviation of the movement distance of a car from the actually measured amount of sheave wear (drive system of an elevator without a machine room) It is a figure which shows the relationship between the actual car speed at the time of sheave wear, and the car speed on the microcomputer for operation control. It is a flowchart of necessity determination of the floor height measurement driving | operation in the Example of this invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an elevator system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a cage, 2 is a counterweight for reducing the load of the hoisting machine, 3 is a main rope wound around the sheave 4, and the cage 1 is connected to one end of the main rope 3 and the other end A counterweight 2 is coupled to the. Reference numeral 5 denotes a car position detector attached to the car 1 and is provided so as to face the shielding plate 6 installed on each floor in a positional relationship where there is no step between each floor landing 7 and the car 1. The car position detector 5 includes a transmitter and a receiver, and operates (position detection) when crossing the shielding plate 6. 8 is an electric motor that drives the sheave 4, 9 is a pulse generator that generates a pulse signal according to the rotation of the electric motor 8, and 11 is a control that takes in the pulse signal output from the pulse generator 9 and other various data to control the elevator An apparatus, 12 is a three-phase AC power source, and 10 is a power converter that converts the three-phase AC into electric power suitable for the operation of the elevator. By giving a command signal to the power converter 10 from the control device 11, the number of revolutions of the electric motor 8 is appropriately controlled. In addition, by taking the pulse signal output from the pulse generator 9 into the control device 11, the control device 11 can appropriately monitor the movement of the car 1.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a floor height measurement operation determination according to the embodiment of the present invention. This block configuration is included in the control device 11 in the schematic configuration diagram of the elevator system shown in FIG.
In FIG. 2, 9 is a pulse generator that generates a pulse signal according to the rotation of the electric motor 8, 13 is an analog-digital (A / D) converter, and 14 is an overall control of the operation including the floor height measurement operation. This is a microcomputer for operation control that performs the above process and is called a microcomputer (CPU). Reference numeral 15 is a program storage memory (ROM) that stores the operation program of the CPU 14, control parameters, car position data, and the like, 16 is a processing data writing memory (RAM) that temporarily writes the processed data, and 17 is an elevator operation. An operating device, 18 is an input / output interface for inputting / outputting data to / from an external circuit, 19 is a common control bus, 20 is an externally connected external operating device, and 21 is an elevator including whether or not floor height measurement operation is required. It is an external alarm device that reports various information on the outside. The pulse generator 9 is connected to the input of the A / D converter 13, and the output of the A / D converter 13 is integrated into the common control bus 19. Similarly, the ROM 15 is integrated with the common control bus 19, and the RAM 16 is also integrated with the common control bus 19. Similarly, the control terminal of the CPU 14 is also integrated into the common control bus 19. The input / output interface 18 is connected to an external controller 20 and an external alarm device 21. The operation device 17 is used, for example, for operating the elevator during regular inspections (including floor height measurement operation instructions), and storing various parameters for controlling the elevator in the ROM 15. Also used when. The external operating device 20 is used when the operating device 17 is not provided or cannot be operated. The external controller 20 may be connected to an arbitrary place as long as it is easy to operate in the machine room. For example, it is used particularly effectively in an elevator not provided with a machine room. The external alarm device 21 is a device that issues various information on the elevator, such as whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary, and is, for example, a display. Similarly to the external controller 20, the external alarm device 21 may be connected to an arbitrary place as long as it is easy to operate as well as the machine room. Although not shown, various information on the elevator, such as whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary, is away from the elevator installation location such as a service center (remote monitoring device) via a line connected to the input / output interface 18. You may make it transmit to a place.

Next, a method for determining necessity of floor height measurement operation in the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 5.
The elevator performs a floor height measurement operation in which position data of each floor is stored in the ROM 15 in the control device 11 at the time of installation. This floor height measurement operation is performed by the operator operating the operating device 17 or the external operating device 20. In the floor height measurement operation, the car 1 is operated from the lowest floor to the top floor, and at that time, the CPU 14 counts the pulses output from the pulse generator 9 installed in the electric motor 8, and the car position detector 5 is in each floor. The ROM 15 stores the count value at that time each time it passes through the shielding plate 6 and detects the position data of each floor. Based on the stored position data of each floor, the CPU 14 performs speed control of the electric motor 8 such as acceleration / deceleration according to the position of the car 1.

On the other hand, it is well known that the sheave 4 of the elevator is always in contact with the main rope 3 and wears over time. As the wear progresses, the relationship between the position data of each floor stored in the ROM 15 during the floor height measurement operation and the car position in the actual operation shifts. This will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the actual car speed when sheave wear occurs and the car speed on the microcomputer for operation control. In the normal operation when the wear of the sheave 4 progresses, the actual car speed and the CPU 14 The comparison of the calculated car speed is shown. As the sheave 4 wears, the actual car speed 23 is slower than the car speed 22 calculated by the CPU 14. As shown in FIG. 4, the car position calculated by the CPU 14 does not take sheave wear into consideration, and therefore the car position is ahead of the actual car position. The actual car speed 23 is that the sheave is worn, so the car speed is slow even at the same rotation speed (same pulse), and even if the CPU 14 counts the required pulses from the departure floor to the shielding plate position on the destination floor, The position of the shielding plate will not be reached. This means that the CPU 14 sees that the shielding plate is positioned before the actual shielding plate position, and that the deceleration position immediately before landing is advanced (the shielding plate position on the control is the actual shielding plate position). It is in front of the board position). Therefore, the deceleration position is advanced and the slow running time just before landing becomes longer. In addition, the virtual car position calculated by the CPU 14 precedes the actual car position, and when the virtual car position reaches a distance that prohibits further travel, an emergency stop occurs and a stop shock may occur. is there. In other words, when the CPU 14 counts exceeding the required pulse from the departure floor to the destination floor (no step), an abnormality that causes an emergency stop on the CPU 14 is judged that the car 1 has exceeded the destination floor. There is a possibility that.

  Under such circumstances, the floor height measurement operation is generally performed periodically at certain intervals. The floor height measurement operation is not necessary when the sheave is not worn. In this embodiment, whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary is determined by, for example, actually measuring the wear amount of the sheave 4 in a periodic inspection once a year, and determining the wear amount as a deviation amount of the car position (cage movement) It is possible to automatically determine whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary in terms of distance deviation).

  3A and 3B are diagrams for explaining various parameters for calculating the deviation of the moving distance of the car from the measured sheave wear amount in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A illustrates an elevator with a machine room, and FIG. 3B illustrates an elevator without a machine room. D is the diameter of the sheave 4 (mm), n is the number of rotations of the sheave 4 (rotation / second), V is the raising / lowering speed of the car 1 (m / min), K is roping, and in FIG. 1 (the roping ratio is 1: 1), and in FIG. 3B, the roping K is 2 (the roping ratio is 2: 1).

3A and 3B, when the diameter of the sheave 4 is D (mm), the roping is K, and the rotation speed of the sheave 4 is n (rotation / second), the moving distance L (mm) of the car 1 is It is given by equation (1).
L = (π × D × n) / K (mm / second) (1)
The travel distance L ₁ (mm) of the car 1 per sheave one rotation (n = 1) is given by the equation (2).
L ₁ = (π × D) / K (mm / rotation) (2)
When the amount of wear of the sheave 4 is ΔD (mm), the difference ΔL ₁ (mm) of the movement distance of the car 1 per sheave rotation (n = 1) is given by equation (3).
ΔL ₁ = (π × ΔD) / K (mm / rotation) (3)
When the distance between the floors is A (m), the rotational speed N ₁ (rotation) of the sheave 4 when the A (m) operation is performed is given by Expression (4).
N ₁ = (A × 1000) / L ₁ (rotation) (4)
The difference (deviation) ΔL ₂ (mm) of the moving distance of the car 1 between the floors when the sheave is ΔD worn is given by the equation (5).
ΔL ₂ = ΔL ₁ × N ₁ (mm) (5)
If the slow traveling speed just before landing is B (m / min) and the slow traveling time is C (seconds), the moving distance L ₃ (mm) of the car 1 during that time is given by equation (6).
L ₃ = (B × C) × 1000/60 (mm) (6)
The relation between the expressions (5) and (6) must be L ₃ > ΔL ₂ . This is because the following problem occurs when the difference ΔL ₂ of the movement distance of the car 1 between the floors becomes large and L ₃ ≦ ΔL ₂ .
One is that, as described above, the slow traveling time immediately before landing increases, and the operation efficiency of the elevator deteriorates. Further, the virtual car position calculated by the CPU 14 precedes the actual car position by ΔL ₂ , and as described above, when the virtual car position reaches the further travel prohibition distance, an emergency stop occurs. This is because a stop shock may occur. Therefore, L ₃ is a judgment value landing operation of the elevator is not abnormal, a necessity determination values of floor height measurement operation.

  In order to prevent such an abnormal operation, in this embodiment, the amount of wear of the sheave 4 is actually measured, and the deviation of the movement amount of the car 1 due to the sheave wear leads to the abnormal operation of the elevator. It is determined whether or not it is within the range, and it is determined whether or not the floor height measurement operation is to be performed, and the determination result is displayed using the external alarm device 21.

  It should be noted that the parameters described in the equations (1) to (6), that is, the diameter D (mm) of the sheave 4, the roping K, the distance A (m) between the floors, and the slow running just before landing. The speed B (m / min), the slow speed running time C (second), and the like are control parameters stored in the ROM 15, the external controller 20, or the remote monitoring device.

  The worker actually measures the diameter of the sheave 4 at a timing when the elevator is stopped in a period in which the operation of the elevator is not provided to the passengers, such as at a periodic inspection once a year. Then, a wear amount ΔD of the sheave 4 that is a difference from the diameter of the sheave at the previous inspection (D stored in the ROM 15) is obtained. Alternatively, the amount of wear ΔD of the sheave 4 is actually measured while the elevator is stopped in a periodic inspection or the like. The actual measured diameter of the sheave 4 or the wear amount of the sheave 4 (the diameter of the sheave reflects the worn state, and for convenience, both are referred to as the sheave wear amount in the present specification). Input to the CPU 14 using the external controller 20. The CPU 14 automatically calculates the above-described equations (2) to (6) using the parameters stored in the ROM, displays the necessity of the floor height measurement operation on the external alarm device 21, and To inform the person. Then, when the floor height measurement operation is essential, the floor height measurement operation is carried out, and the position data of each floor corresponding to the worn sheave (when the car position detector 5 detects through the shielding plate 6 of each floor) (Count value) is updated.

FIG. 5 shows a flow for determining whether or not the above floor height measurement operation is necessary.
During the regular inspection (S1), the amount of wear of the elevator sheave 4 is actually measured (S2), and it is determined whether or not the amount of movement of the car converted from the amount of wear by the CPU 14 is smaller than the determination value (S3). If it is equal to or higher than the determination value, it is determined that the floor height measurement operation is necessary (S4), and if it is smaller than the determination value, it is determined that the floor height measurement operation is unnecessary (S5), and the determination result is displayed on the external alarm device 21.

By configuring the elevator system in this way and performing maintenance, it is not necessary to perform a specific operation different from a normal service operation for determining whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary. In addition, it is possible to easily determine whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary without adding a special device.
Further, since the sheave wear amount is directly measured, it is possible to eliminate the error factors of the sheave wear amount measurement in the prior art such as the main rope creep amount and the detection error of the end floor detection.
In addition, the necessity of floor height measurement operation is determined from the control parameters registered in the elevator operation control microcomputer, external controller or remote monitoring device and the actually measured sheave wear amount. It can be applied to elevators for general purposes. In other words, if the control parameters of various elevators are stored in the ROM 15, the external controller 20 or the remote monitoring device, it is possible to determine whether or not the floor height measurement operation is generally required even in elevators having different specifications by switching the control parameters. .

  In this embodiment, the sheave wear amount measured in the field is set in the CPU 14 by using the operating device 17 or the external operating device 20, and the control parameters stored in the ROM 15 mounted on the elevator control device 11 are used. Although the process of calculating the deviation amount of the movement amount of the car 1 has been described, the parameters of the local elevator are stored in the external controller 20 in advance, and the sheave diameter measured in the field is set in the CPU of the external controller 20. The above-described equations (2) to (6) may be calculated on the external controller 20 side to determine whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary. It is also possible to apply to another elevator by changing the control parameter.

  Further, the control parameters are stored on the remote monitoring device side, and the measured sheave diameter is set in the CPU of the remote monitoring device using the external controller 20, so that the above (2) to ( 6) The equation may be calculated to determine whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary, and the determination result may be displayed on the remote device side. In this case, it becomes possible to grasp the status of all the monitored elevators on the remote monitoring device side.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Car 2 ... Balance weight 3 ... Main rope 4 ... Sheave 5 ... Car position detector 6 ... Shielding board 7 ... Each floor landing 8 ... Electric motor 9 ... -Pulse generator 10 ... Power converter 11 ... Elevator controller 12 ... Three-phase AC power supply 13 ... A / D converter 14 ... Control microcomputer (CPU)
15 ... Program storage memory (ROM)
16: Data writing memory (RAM)
17 ... Operator 18 ... I / O interface 19 ... Common control bus 20 ... External controller 21 ... External alarm

Claims (8)

In the elevator maintenance method that determines whether or not elevator floor height measurement operation is necessary and performs elevator floor height measurement operation,
Measure the sheave wear amount ΔD of the sheave of the hoisting machine in a state where the elevator is stopped in a period when the operation of the elevator is not provided to the passenger,
Wherein based on the control parameters of the actually measured sheave wear amount ΔD and elevator, a deviation [Delta] L ₂ of the car travel distance between the floor and the floor due to the sheave wear, the car travel distance needed for based floor high measurement operation on the deviation [Delta] L ₂ of Make a negative decision,
The control parameters of the elevator include the diameter D of the sheave, the roping K, the distance A between floors, the slow traveling speed B just before landing, and the slow traveling time C just before landing,
The deviation [Delta] L ₂ of the car travel distance, compared to the necessity determination value L ₃ of the floor height measurement operation is car travel distance in the case of traveling the slow-speed travel time C at a very low speed running speed B, the car travel distance Elevator method of maintenance floor height measuring operation if the deviation [Delta] L ₂ is equal to or greater than the necessity determination value L _3, characterized in that the determination as needed. In the elevator maintenance method according to claim 1 ,
Before Symbol actually measured sheave wear amount [Delta] D, the diameter D of the sheave, the roping K, the floor and the deviation of the car travel distance between the floor and the floor by the sheave wear based on the distance A between the floor [Delta] L ₂ Elevator way of maintenance, characterized by asking you to. A car, a counterweight, a main rope to which the car is coupled at one end and the counterweight is coupled to the other end, a sheave around which the main rope is wound, an electric motor for driving the sheave, and the electric motor A pulse generator that generates a pulse signal according to the rotation of the motor, a control device that takes in various data including the pulse signal output from the pulse generator and controls the elevator, and the motor based on a command from the control device An elevator system comprising a power conversion device that supplies power, a shielding plate installed on each floor, and a car position detector that is attached to the car and operates by passing through the shielding plate,
The control device includes an analog-digital converter connected to the pulse generator, a microcomputer for operation control, a memory for storing operation programs, control parameters, and car position data of the microcomputer, an external circuit, With an input / output interface for data input / output between
When the elevator is installed in the memory in the control device, it is operated by operating an operation device that operates the elevator provided in the control device or an external operation device that is connected to the input / output interface and operates the operation of the elevator. In the elevator system that stores the position data of each floor based on the measured floor height measurement operation,
The operating device or the external operating device is configured to be able to input a sheave wear amount actually measured during an elevator inspection to the control device,
The microcomputer obtains a deviation ΔL ₂ of the car movement distance between floors due to sheave wear based on the actually measured sheave wear amount ΔD and the control parameter stored in the memory, and performs the floor height measurement operation. To determine whether it is necessary ,
The control parameters include the diameter D of the sheave, the roping K, the distance A between floors, the slow running speed B just before landing, and the slow running time C just before landing,
The microcomputer deviation [Delta] L ₂ of the car travel distance, compared to the necessity determination value L ₃ of the floor height measurement operation is car travel distance in the case of traveling the slow-speed travel time C at a very low speed running speed B, Elevator system deviation [Delta] L ₂ of the car travel distance is equal to or floor height measurement operation determines that essential in the case of more than the necessity determination value L _3. In the elevator system according to claim 3 ,
An elevator system capable of connecting to the input / output interface an external alarm device that issues a determination as to whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary. A car, a counterweight, a main rope to which the car is coupled at one end and the counterweight is coupled to the other end, a sheave around which the main rope is wound, an electric motor for driving the sheave, and the electric motor A pulse generator that generates a pulse signal according to the rotation of the motor, a control device that takes in various data including the pulse signal output from the pulse generator and controls the elevator, and the motor based on a command from the control device An elevator system comprising a power conversion device that supplies power, a shielding plate installed on each floor, and a car position detector that is attached to the car and operates by passing through the shielding plate,
The control device includes an analog-digital converter connected to the pulse generator, a microcomputer for operation control, a memory for storing operation programs, control parameters, and car position data of the microcomputer, an external circuit, With an input / output interface for data input / output between
When the elevator is installed in the memory in the control device, it is operated by operating an operation device that operates the elevator provided in the control device or an external operation device that is connected to the input / output interface and operates the operation of the elevator. In the elevator system that stores the position data of each floor based on the measured floor height measurement operation,
The external controller stores elevator control parameters. Based on the sheave wear amount ΔD measured at the time of inspection of the elevator and the stored control parameters, the level between floors due to sheave wear is determined. The deviation ΔL ₂ of the car movement distance is obtained to determine whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary .
The control parameters include the diameter D of the sheave, the roping K, the distance A between floors, the slow running speed B just before landing, and the slow running time C just before landing,
The external operating device is a deviation [Delta] L ₂ of the car travel distance, compared to the necessity determination value L ₃ of the floor height measurement operation is car travel distance in the case of traveling the slow-speed travel time C at a very low speed running speed B Elevator system floor height measuring operation if the deviation [Delta] L ₂ of the car travel distance is equal to or greater than the necessity determination value L ₃ is equal to or determined as needed. In the elevator system according to claim 5 ,
The external controller stores control parameters for multiple types of elevators, and is configured to be able to determine the necessity of floor height measurement operation for multiple types of elevators by switching the control parameters. Elevator system characterized by A car, a counterweight, a main rope to which the car is coupled at one end and the counterweight is coupled to the other end, a sheave around which the main rope is wound, an electric motor for driving the sheave, and the electric motor A pulse generator that generates a pulse signal according to the rotation of the motor, a control device that takes in various data including the pulse signal output from the pulse generator and controls the elevator, and the motor based on a command from the control device An elevator system comprising a power conversion device that supplies power, a shielding plate installed on each floor, and a car position detector that is attached to the car and operates by passing through the shielding plate,
The control device includes an analog-digital converter connected to the pulse generator, a microcomputer for operation control, a memory for storing operation programs, control parameters, and car position data of the microcomputer, an external circuit, With an input / output interface for data input / output between
When the elevator is installed in the memory in the control device, it is operated by operating an operation device that operates the elevator provided in the control device or an external operation device that is connected to the input / output interface and operates the operation of the elevator. In the elevator system that stores the position data of each floor based on the measured floor height measurement operation,
A remote monitoring device is connected to the input / output interface,
The remote monitoring device stores elevator control parameters. Based on the sheave wear amount ΔD actually measured during the elevator inspection and the stored control parameters, the distance between floors due to sheave wear is determined. The deviation ΔL ₂ of the car movement distance is obtained to determine whether or not the floor height measurement operation is necessary .
The control parameters include the diameter D of the sheave, the roping K, the distance A between floors, the slow running speed B just before landing, and the slow running time C just before landing,
The remote monitoring device, the deviation [Delta] L ₂ of the car travel distance, compared to the necessity determination value L ₃ of the floor height measurement operation is car travel distance in the case of traveling the slow-speed travel time C at a very low speed running speed B Elevator system floor height measuring operation if the deviation [Delta] L ₂ of the car travel distance is equal to or greater than the necessity determination value L ₃ is equal to or determined as needed. In the elevator system according to claim 7 ,
The remote monitoring device stores control parameters for multiple types of elevators, and is configured to be able to determine the necessity of floor height measurement operation for multiple types of elevators by switching the control parameters. Elevator system characterized by

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