JP6273290B2 - 疾患の処置のための同種異系のオートファゴソーム強化組成物 - Google Patents
疾患の処置のための同種異系のオートファゴソーム強化組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、その内容全体が全ての目的のために参照によって本明細書に援用されている、「疾患の処置のためのオートファゴソーム強化組成物(AUTOPHAGOSOME−ENRICHED COMPOSITION FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASE)」というタイトルの2012年10月23日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/717,585号に対して優先権を主張する。
本出願は、オートファゴソーム強化組成物、およびオートファゴソーム強化生成物をそれ自体で、または相補的な治療剤と組み合わせて投与することによって免疫応答を刺激、増強または強化する方法に関する。
宿主の専門的な抗原提示細胞(APC)による外因性抗原の交差提示(cross−presentation)は、腫瘍細胞由来の自己抗原または変異した自己抗原、および感染性因子由来の外来性の抗原を含む、腫瘍関連抗原に対するT細胞免疫応答の開始および発達において中心的な役割を果たす。腫瘍に対する特異的な免疫応答を引き起こす外因性の抗原の交差提示を抑制するように試みる、期待される癌ワクチンが、開発されている。
本開示は、第I/II相臨床試験のための2つの非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)腫瘍細胞株由来の同種異系のオートファゴソーム強化組成物(AAEC)を記述する。これらの細胞株は、本明細書においては、UbLT3(非特異的な組織病理学)およびUbLT6(腺癌様)と称される。下には、マウス乳房腫瘍を処置するために、ならびに黒色腫、前立腺および頭頸部扁平上皮癌(HNSCC)を有する患者由来の末梢血単核球(PBMC)において免疫応答を刺激するために用いられるこれらの組成物の例を示す。さらに、NSCLC細胞株由来のAAECが多くの追加の癌で見出される抗原を含むことが遺伝子プロファイリングによって示され、タンパク質分析によって確認される。例えば、これらの癌は、肺、卵巣、肉腫、結腸および直腸の腺癌などを含み得る。細胞株由来のAAECの単一の改変体のこの広範な有用性に対して利点となるのは、それらがより安価に生成され得、かつ種々の癌を処置するために容易に利用可能になり得、患者の状況におけるそれらの使用がますます容易になるということである。本実施例の実施形態では、癌ワクチンにおけるAAECの有用性を記述しているが、AAECはまた、さらなる無関係の疾患状態の処置において、炎症応答を誘発するために、または下記のように、オートファゴソームからアクセプタ細胞に対して標的された方式でドナー膜タンパク質を移動するために用いられてもよい。
[同種異系のオートファゴソーム強化組成物およびこの組成物を生成するための方法]
図1は、UbLT3またはUbLT6の細胞株における、500の最も上方制御された遺伝子のうちでこれらの遺伝子の上方制御を有する種々の形態の癌を有する患者の割合を示す。データは、以下のタイプの癌に由来するものであって、カッコ内は患者の数である:卵巣(232例の患者)、前立腺(85例の患者)、乳癌(451例の患者)、肉腫(149例の患者)、肺扁平上皮(178例の患者)、結腸(193例の患者)、グリア芽細胞腫(122例の患者)、腺癌(112例の患者)、腎乳頭(75例の患者)、子宮(232例の患者)、神経膠腫(144例の患者)、および腎RCC(389例の患者)。図1に示されるとおり、ベルケイド(Velcade)およびNH4Clでの処置後、NSCLCの細胞株UbLT3およびUbLT6のマイクロアレイ分析(各々、正常な肺RNAと比較)によって、これらの細胞株において上方制御された多くの遺伝子が癌ゲノムアトラス(Cancer Genome Atlas)(TCGA)データセットで他の癌の中でもまた上方制御されることが示される。最も有意に上方制御された上位の500の遺伝子(SAM Excel)をTCGAにおけるマイクロアレイのデータと比較した(zスコア>3)。UbLT3およびUbLT6の処置腫瘍細胞は、様々な病因の多くの患者の腫瘍に共通している少なくとも1つの遺伝子を共有することがデータによって示される。特に、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、乳癌、肉腫、肺扁平上皮細胞肉腫、ならびに結腸および直腸の腺癌を有する患者を含む多くの患者の癌は、チェックされた50000個の遺伝子のうち、UbLT3およびUbLT6と共通して数百の上方制御された遺伝子を有している。マイクロアレイデータは、HNSCCには利用可能ではないが、291例のHNSCC患者についてのRNASeqデータセットによって、分析された300の遺伝子のうち、UbLT3と比較して、1サンプルあたり発現された共通する遺伝子の平均が25であること、およびUbLT6については29であることが示される(データ示さず)。
[ヒトPBMCにおける炎症促進性BDCA3発現単球の誘導]
第二の実施例は、AAECを用いてヒトPBMCおよびリンパ節(LN)由来の単一細胞懸濁物中でBDCA3発現単球の増大を誘導し得る方法を記述する。
[非小細胞肺癌細胞株由来AAECでのさらなる癌の処置]
別の例では、実施例1において上記される方法と同様の方法は、ワクチンが多くの公知の癌抗原および免疫刺激因子を含み得るので、さらなる癌の可能な処置として細胞株由来の同種異系のオートファゴソーム強化組成物を利用する。
[オートファゴソーム強化組成物は、膜タンパク質移動に効率的であり得る]
別の例では、本発明者らは、オートファゴソーム強化組成物が「トロゴサイトーシス(trogocytosis)」として公知の細胞現象と類似の膜タンパク質移動に効率的であり得ることを示した。トロゴサイトーシスは、レシピエント細胞が原形質膜のフラグメントおよび表面分子をドナー細胞から獲得するプロセスである。本発明者らはまた、UbLT3およびUbLT6細胞株によって発現される膜貫通タンパク質が、これらの細胞株由来のAAECを用いてトロゴサイトーシス様プロセスでリンパ球および単球に効率的に移動され得ることも見出した。例えば、AAEC類は、MDA−CD80、UbLT3−CD80、および/またはHEK293細胞から、上記の方法を介して作製され得る。これらのMDA−CD80、UbLT3−CD80、またはHEK293由来のAAEC(CD80または他の表面マーカを発現し得る)が腫瘍細胞またはPBMCと混合される場合、膜タンパク質移動が生じ得る。図14A〜図14Iは、膜タンパク質のこの移動を示している(この場合、CD−80)。さらに、図14A、図14D、および図14Hは、AAECがAAECを含まない処置よりもCD−80の移動を容易に誘導し得ることを実証している。CD80陰性の白血球の原形質膜に対するCD80の移動は、フローサイトメトリーによって検出された。図15A〜図15Eは、この移動がAAECに特異的であり得、そして単にエキソソームの存在下で有効性が低いことを示している。さらに、図16A〜図16Jは、MDA−CD80AAECにおいて発現されたCD80の大部分が、オートファゴソーム特異的なマーカLC3の発現に相当していることを示す。
Claims (23)
- 組成物であって、非小細胞肺癌細胞株由来のオートファゴソームの強化された集団を含み、ここで前記オートファゴソームの強化された集団は、
1つ以上のトル様受容体アゴニストと、
1つ以上の腫瘍抗原と、
天然のアジュバントとして作用する1つ以上の傷害関連分子パターンの分子と、
を含み、
前記1つ以上のトル様受容体アゴニスト、前記1つ以上の腫瘍抗原、および前記1つ以上の傷害関連分子パターンの分子は、前記オートファゴソームの強化された集団中にパッケージングされている、組成物。 - 請求項1に記載の組成物であって、前記1つ以上のトル様受容体アゴニストが、トル様受容体2、トル様受容体3、トル様受容体4、トル様受容体7、および/もしくはトル様受容体9のアゴニスト、またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、組成物。
- 請求項2に記載の組成物であって、前記1つ以上の腫瘍抗原が、WT1、p53、スルビビン、EphA2、サイクリンB1、および/もしくはXAGE1またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、組成物。
- 請求項3に記載の組成物であって、前記1つ以上の傷害関連分子パターンの分子が、カルレティキュリン、HMGB1、HSP70、HSP90、および/もしくはGrp94、またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の組成物であって、前記非小細胞肺癌細胞株が、UbLT3細胞株である、組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の組成物であって、前記非小細胞肺癌細胞株が、UbLT6細胞株である、組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物であって、前記オートファゴソームの強化された集団を含む前記1つ以上の腫瘍抗原に対する免疫応答を増強するように構成された分子をさらに含んでいる、組成物。
- 請求項7に記載の組成物であって、前記分子が、ポリイノシン:ポリシチジル酸である、組成物。
- 請求項7に記載の組成物であって、さらに非特異的なアジュバントを含んでいる、組成物。
- 請求項9に記載の組成物であって、前記非特異的なアジュバントがIFN−γである、組成物。
- 哺乳動物において特異的な免疫応答を誘導するための組成物であって、
細胞株由来のオートファゴソームの強化された集団を含み、前記オートファゴソームの強化された集団が、
1つ以上のトル様受容体アゴニストと、
1つ以上の腫瘍抗原と、
天然のアジュバントとして作用する1つ以上の傷害関連分子パターンの分子と、
を含み、
前記1つ以上のトル様受容体アゴニスト、前記1つ以上の腫瘍抗原、および前記1つ以上の傷害関連分子パターンの分子は、前記オートファゴソームの強化された集団中にパッケージングされている、組成物。 - 請求項11に記載の組成物であって、
前記哺乳動物の末梢血から単離された末梢血単核球の小集団と前記オートファゴソームの強化された集団とを接触させ、
単離された末梢血単核球の前記接触された小集団を前記哺乳動物に注入して戻すための、組成物。 - 請求項12に記載の組成物であって、前記単離された末梢血単核球の前記小集団が、専門的な抗原提示細胞および非専門的な抗原提示細胞を含む、組成物。
- 請求項12に記載の組成物であって、前記末梢血単核球が、GM−CSF、Flt3L、および/またはCpGの投与後に前記哺乳動物から単離される、組成物。
- 請求項11に記載の組成物であって、前記細胞株がCD80を発現するように遺伝子操作されている、組成物。
- 請求項11に記載の組成物であって、前記細胞株がサイトメガロウイルスタンパク質pp65を発現するように遺伝子操作されている、組成物。
- 請求項11に記載の組成物であって、
前記1つ以上の腫瘍抗原に対して特異的な1つ以上のサイトカインの分泌を検出することによって、前記オートファゴソームの強化された集団に含まれる前記1つ以上の腫瘍抗原に対する特異的な免疫応答の誘導についてスクリーニングするための、組成物。 - 末梢血単核球の小集団に対して選択的なマーカを誘導できる同種異系のオートファゴソーム強化組成物を生成する細胞をスクリーニングするための方法であって、
細胞とプロテアソームインヒビタとを接触させるステップと、
前記細胞とリソソームインヒビタとを接触させるステップと、
前記得られたオートファゴソームを回収するステップと、
前記回収されたオートファゴソームの分子署名を決定するステップと、
1つ以上のトル様受容体アゴニストおよび1つ以上の分子シャペロンを前記回収されたオートファゴソームに転用する細胞を選択するステップと、
を包含する、方法。 - 請求項18に記載の方法であって、前記選択的なマーカがBDCA3であり、かつ末梢血単核球の前記小集団が樹状細胞、またはCD14+単球を含む、方法。
- 請求項18に記載の方法であって、前記選択的なマーカがCD80であり、かつ末梢血単核球の前記小集団が単球、CD4+T細胞、CD8+細胞、またはB細胞を含む、方法。
- 請求項18に記載の方法であって、前記選択的なマーカがCD40Lであり、かつ末梢血単核球の前記小集団が単球、またはCD4+T細胞を含む、方法。
- 請求項18に記載の方法であって、前記1つ以上のトル様受容体アゴニストが、トル様受容体2、トル様受容体3、トル様受容体4、トル様受容体7、およびトル様受容体9のうち1つ以上のアゴニストを含み、
前記1つ以上の分子シャペロンが、HSP90、HSP70、および/またはカルレティキュリンを含む、方法。 - 請求項18に記載の方法であって、前記回収されたオートファゴソームが、1つ以上の傷害関連分子パターンの分子をさらに含み、前記1つ以上の傷害関連分子パターンの分子が、HMGB1、S100タンパク質、DNA、およびRNAを含む、方法。
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