JP6266373B2 - Lighting system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting system, and more particularly to a lighting system that promotes sleep awakening.

Melatonin, a hormone secreted from the pineal gland of the brain, affects wakefulness (wake-up) from sleep. Suppressing melatonin secretion promotes wakefulness and light on photoreceptors on the human retina. It is known that when stimulated, the secretion of melatonin is suppressed.
Patent Document 1 discloses a light source system including a first illuminant and a second illuminant having different wavelength characteristics, and the second illuminant suppresses secretion of melatonin compared to the first illuminant. The light emitter emits light having a light emission spectrum (spectral spectrum, spectral component) in a highly effective wavelength range, and the chromaticity, color rendering, and brightness of irradiation light obtained from the light source system are substantially constant or within a predetermined range. A technique for adjusting the emission intensity of the light is disclosed.

In addition, it is known that the light transmittance of a human eye varies depending on the wavelength of light.
Patent Document 2 includes light having a light emission spectrum in a wavelength range where the light transmittance of the eyelid is high (light having a spectral component in a first wavelength range that imparts light stimulation and promotes eye opening by irradiation when the eye is closed); A light source that emits light having a light emission spectrum in a wavelength region having a high melatonin secretion-inhibiting effect (light having a spectral component in a second wavelength region that imparts light stimulation and promotes arousal by irradiation when the eyes are opened), A technology is disclosed in which at least one light in two wavelength ranges is selected and illuminated, thereby applying a light stimulus to the irradiated person to promote awakening regardless of the open / closed state of the irradiated person's eyes.

Japanese Patent No. 4966315 JP 2009-266484 A

The techniques of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have the following problems.
(1) An excessive amount of light may be irradiated for an excessive amount of time in order to guide the sleeper to a reliable awakening. In that case, the light is wasted, and efficiency is poor.
(2) The control conditions of the illumination light source for awakening the sleeping person in good mood and nature are unclear, and a sufficient awakening effect cannot be obtained.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient and energy-saving lighting system capable of obtaining a natural and reliable awakening effect.

  As a result of intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have arrived at each aspect of the present invention as follows.

<First aspect>
The first aspect calculates a time integrated value of the illuminance of the radiated light emitted from the illumination light source, and emits the illumination light source until the time integrated value of the illuminance reaches a preset threshold value. It is a lighting system.

The present inventors have shown through experiments that it is possible to lead a sleeping person from sleep to reliable awakening when the illumination light source emits light until the time integrated value of illuminance of the illumination light source reaches a certain threshold value. confirmed.
In the first aspect, since the illumination light source emits light until the time integrated value of the illuminance reaches the threshold value, it is possible to prevent the excessive amount of light from being irradiated for an excessive time, and the light is not wasted. Therefore, efficiency can be increased.
Further, since the control condition of the illumination light source (the illumination light source is allowed to emit light until the time integrated value of illuminance reaches the threshold value) is clear, a sufficient awakening effect can be obtained.
Therefore, according to the first aspect, a natural and reliable awakening effect can be obtained, and a highly efficient and energy saving lighting system can be provided.

<Second aspect>
According to a second aspect, in the first aspect, the threshold value is calculated and set based on a threshold value of a time integrated value of illuminance in the reference light source.
Therefore, according to the second aspect, if the threshold value of the time integrated value of illuminance in the reference light source is obtained by experiment, there is no need to newly obtain the threshold value of the illumination light source, so the setting of the threshold value is performed. Can be done easily.

<Third aspect>
According to a third aspect, in the second aspect, the threshold is calculated and set using a ratio based on the emission spectrum of the reference light source and the emission spectrum of the illumination light source.
Therefore, according to the third aspect, the threshold value can be calculated and set with higher accuracy by using the emission spectrum.

<Fourth aspect>
In a fourth aspect, in the third aspect, the threshold value in the case where one or a plurality of illumination light sources are caused to emit light simultaneously is calculated and set according to Equation 8 described below.
Therefore, according to the fourth aspect, the threshold value can be calculated and set easily and accurately even in an illumination system including a plurality of illumination light sources.

<5th aspect>
In a fifth aspect, the illumination light source is caused to emit light so that the time integrated value of illuminance reaches a threshold value at a preset time in the first to fourth aspects.
Therefore, according to the fifth aspect, it is possible to wake up naturally with a good feeling at the wake-up time set by the sleeping person.

<Sixth aspect>
According to a sixth aspect, in the fourth aspect, the illumination light source is a first light source that emits radiant light having a light emission spectrum in a wavelength region having a high transmittance of light, and light emission in a wavelength region that has a high melatonin secretion suppression effect. A second light source that emits spectrally emitted light.
Therefore, according to the sixth aspect, the light emission of only one of the first light source and the second light source or the light emission of both the first light source and the second light source is as in the methods [A] to [E] described later. By controlling to be sure, it is possible to promote a reliable awakening according to the preference and situation of the sleeping person.

<Seventh aspect>
In a seventh aspect, in the first to sixth aspects, the illumination light source is an LED.
If an LED is used as the illumination light source, it is easy to control light emission, and different wavelength characteristics can be easily realized. Therefore, it is possible to reliably obtain the functions and effects of the first to sixth aspects. .

The perspective view which shows the external appearance of the illumination system 10 of one Embodiment which actualized this invention. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing an electrical configuration of a lighting system 10. FIG. The graph which shows the relationship between the relative intensity of the light emission spectrum Sa ((lambda)) of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b of the illuminating device 30, and Sb ((lambda)), and the wavelength of light. The graph which shows the relationship between the intensity | strength (same illuminance relative value) of the light sources 32a and 32b for illumination of the illuminating device 30 after permeate | transmitting a human eyelid, and the wavelength of light. The graph which shows the relationship between light place specific luminous sensitivity (spectral luminous efficiency) V ((lambda)) and the wavelength of light. The graph which shows the relationship (瞼 transmission spectrum Ve ((lambda))) of the light transmittance of a human eyelid, and the wavelength of light. The graph which shows the control examples 1-3 which changed the illuminance only time until the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light are the same, and the time integration value of illuminance reaches a threshold value. 7 is a graph showing control examples 4 to 6 in which the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to be emitted are the same and only the illuminance is changed over time until the time integrated value of the illuminance reaches a threshold value during a predetermined irradiation time (30 [min]). The graph which shows the control examples 7-9 which changed the illumination intensity of each light source 32a, 32b of each illumination time so that the time integration value of illumination intensity in predetermined irradiation time might become the same. The graph which shows the control example 10 at the time of switching the light source to light-emit from the light source 32a for illumination to the light source 32b for illumination on the way. The graph which shows the relationship between the relative intensity | strength of an emission spectrum, and the wavelength of light about two types of light La and Lb whose color temperature is 3000 [K]. The graph which shows the example which changed the illuminance time linearly so that the time integration value of illuminance may become equal about two types of light La and Lb shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, an illumination system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the illumination system 10 includes a bed 20 (base 21, mattress 22, headboard 23), illumination device 30 (front plate 31, illumination light source 32 a, illumination light source 32 b), control device 40 ( A storage device 40a, a timepiece device 40b), an operation panel 41, load sensors 42a to 42d, and the like.

The bed 20 is connected and fixed to a substantially rectangular parallelepiped base 21, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped mattress 22 placed on the base 21 and covering the upper surface side of the base 21, and one end in the longitudinal direction of the base 21. And a headboard 23 having a substantially rectangular plate shape.
The illumination device 30 is built in the head board 23 and includes a front plate 31 and illumination light sources 32a and 32b.
The front plate 31 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, is exposed from the front side of the head board 23, and is a material that transmits the radiated light of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b (for example, polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, glass, etc.). Although it is provided to protect the illumination light sources 32a and 32b from dust, it is not always necessary.

The illumination light sources 32 a and 32 b are arranged on the back side of the front plate 31 so that they cannot be viewed directly from the front side of the front plate 31.
The illumination light sources 32a and 32b are each composed of at least one LED, and the light emitted from the illumination light sources 32a and 32b is irradiated on the face of the sleeping person lying on the mattress 22 in the headboard 23. The mounting positions of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b are set.

For example, the respective optical axes of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b may be set so as to pass through positions particularly near the eyes on the face of a sleeping person lying on the bed 20 in a supine position.
Further, in order to prevent glare due to direct irradiation of the radiated light of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b onto the sleeping person's face, a light diffusing region is provided at a location where the optical axes of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b intersect on the front plate 31. May be provided.

In order to provide the light diffusion region on the front plate 31, for example, a light diffusion material is used as the material of the front plate 31, and a material obtained by dispersing a fine light diffusing agent in a transparent material is used as the material of the front plate 31. There is a method of forming a pattern or fine irregularities on at least one of the front and back surfaces of the front plate 31.
Further, instead of providing a light diffusion region on the front plate 31, a light diffusion region may be provided on the front side of each of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b.
Then, if each of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b is constituted by a plurality of LEDs, the LEDs are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the illumination light sources 32a and 32b are linear light sources extending in the horizontal direction, the mattress 22 Even when a sleeping person lying on the bed turns over, it is possible to maintain a state in which the emitted light of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b is irradiated around the sleeping person's eyes.

The control device 40 is built in the head board 23.
The operation panel 41 is built in the head board 23 and exposed from the side surface of the head board 23.
The operation panel 41 is not limited to the side surface of the headboard 23 and may be disposed anywhere as long as it is easy for a sleeper sleeping on the bed 20 to operate. Alternatively, a wireless remote controller may be used.
The load sensors 42a to 42d having the same configuration are disposed at the four corners on the upper surface side of the base 21, are in contact with the lower surface side of the mattress 22, and are applied to the positions just above the load sensors 42a to 42d on the upper surface side of the mattress 22. Detects the load.
As will be described later, if it is possible to detect that a sleeping person sleeping on the bed 20 moves his / her body, for example, the load sensors 42a to 42d are not limited to the four corners of the base 21 but are arranged at appropriate locations. The number of load sensors is not limited to four, and may be an appropriate number, or a single sheet-like load sensor may be used.

As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 40 includes a storage device 40a and a clock device 40b, and is wired or wireless to the illumination light sources 32a and 32b, the operation panel 41, and the load sensors 42a to 42d of the illumination device 30. Connected by.
The storage device 40a is constituted by an appropriate storage device (for example, ROM, RAM, HDD, etc.) capable of storing data, and will be described later (emission spectra Sa (λ), Sb (for each of the illumination light sources 32a, 32b). λ) and time integrated values of illuminances Ea and Eb ∫Ead, threshold values Ta and Tb of ∫Ebdt, emission spectrum Sab (λ) when the illumination light sources 32a and 32b are simultaneously emitted, and time integrated values of illuminance in that case , Threshold value Tab, photopic ratio visual sensitivity V (λ), transmission spectrum Ve (λ), etc.) are stored in advance.

The clock device 40b measures time.
Based on the operation content of the operation panel 41, the detection results of the load sensors 42a to 42d, the data stored in the storage device 40a, and the time measured by the timepiece device 40b, the control device 40 is a light source for illumination. 32a and 32b are independently driven and controlled to emit light.

<Setting method of threshold values Ta, Tb, and Tab of integrated time value of illuminance>
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the relative intensity of the emission spectra Sa (λ) and Sb (λ) of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b of the illumination device 30 and the wavelength of light.
The illumination light sources 32a and 32b have different wavelength characteristics, and their emission colors and color temperatures are different.
In the present embodiment, an LED having a color temperature of 2300 [K] is used as the illumination light source 32a, and an LED having a color temperature of 6700 [K] is used as the illumination light source 32b.
The correlated color temperature of 2300 [K], which is the color temperature of the illumination light source 32a, is lower than that of a general light bulb color.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the intensity (the same illuminance relative value) of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b of the illumination device 30 after passing through a human eyelid and the wavelength of light, and the emission spectrum Sa shown in FIG. It is obtained by multiplying (λ), Sb (λ) by the soot transmission spectrum Ve (λ) shown in FIG.
In addition, compared with the radiated light of the illumination light source 32b, the radiated light of the illumination light source 32a has a high transmittance of the human eyelid, and the effective spectral intensity of the light after passing through the iris is the ratio of the integrated intensity value to the wavelength. Thus, the emitted light from the illumination light source 32a is about 1.4 times the emitted light from the illumination light source 32b.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between photopic relative luminous sensitivity (spectral luminous efficiency) V (λ) and the wavelength of light.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship (light transmission spectrum Ve (λ)) between the light transmittance of a human eyelid and the wavelength of light.

As shown in Equation 1, the illuminance E is given by the luminous flux φ per unit area A.
As shown in Expression 2, the light flux φ is given by a constant Km, and a wavelength integrated value of a product of the light emission spectrum S (λ) and the bright place specific visibility V (λ).

E = φ / A (Equation 1)
φ = Km∫S (λ) V (λ) dλ (equation 2)

By the way, the sleeper who is sleeping in the bed 20 closes his bag because he is sleeping.
Therefore, as shown in Formula 3, for example, the actual luminous flux φx ′ that can be felt by the sleeping person among the radiated light of the light source x is the emission spectrum Sx (λ) of the light source x and the transmission spectrum Ve ( The multiplication value with λ) is given by substituting it into the emission spectrum S (λ) of Equation 2.

φx ′ = Km∫Sx (λ) Ve (λ) V (λ) dλ (Equation 3)

The illuminance (hereinafter referred to as “real illuminance”) Ex ′ of the light from the light source x that can be felt by a sleeper who is closing his heel is expressed as
    Ex ′ = φx ′ / A.
  Here, the present inventors have conceived that the illuminance Ex of the light from the light source x and the irradiation time of the light affect the awakening from sleep. The illuminance Ex is a value that can be actually measured, that is, the illuminance expressed by Equations 1 and 2 without the influence of wrinkles.
  Then, it was assumed that the time integral value of the illuminance Ex (see Formula 4) has an effect on awakening from sleep.

    Tx = ∫Exdt (Equation 4)

Therefore, in order to verify this relationship, in order to guide the subject from sleep to awakening by sleeping the subject on the bed 20 of the illumination system 10 and irradiating the subject with various illuminances using only the illumination light source 32a. An experiment for measuring the threshold value Ta of the time integrated value of the required illuminance Ex for each illuminance was performed for a large number of subjects.
As a result, in the illumination light source 32a, when the threshold Ta of the time integrated value of the illuminance Ea reached 2400 [lx · min], it was found that most subjects were led to awakening.

    Ta = ∫Ead ≧ 2400 [lx · min]

Further, when the same experiment was performed by causing only the illumination light source 32b to emit light, when the threshold value Tb of the time integrated value of the illuminance Eb of the illumination light source 32b reached 3400 [lx · min], most of the results were obtained. The subject was found to be awakened.

    Tb = ∫Ebdt ≧ 3400 [lx · min]

Here, the threshold values Ta and Tb of the time integrated values of the illuminance differ between the illumination light source 32a and the illumination light source 32b. The emission spectra Sa (λ) and illuminance of the illumination light source 32a and the illumination light source 32b are as follows. This is because the difference in the intensity of light that can be felt by a sleeping person is caused by the difference in Sb (λ).
The degree of the difference in the intensity of light can be expressed as a ratio (intensity ratio at the same illuminance) α of the actual intensity of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b (the intensity of the light that passes through the eyelid and enters the eyes). Formula 5 is given by Formulas 1-3.

α = [∫Sb (λ) V (λ) Ve (λ) dλ] / [∫Sa (λ) V (λ) Ve (λ) dλ] (Equation 5)
Here, when the values of the light source a and the light source b shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are substituted into Equation 5, the actual intensity ratio α≈1.0 / 1.4 is calculated.

On the other hand, the thresholds Ta and Tb of the time integrated values of the illuminances Ea and Eb actually measured in the experiment can be obtained from Expressions 6 and 7 using Expressions 4 and 5.

Tb = ∫Ebdt = ∫βEadt = βTa (Equation 6)
β = Tb / Ta (Equation 7)

When the thresholds Ta and Tb (Ta = 2400 [lx · min], Tb = 3400 [lx · min]) of the time integrated values of the illuminances Ea and Eb obtained by the experiment are substituted into Equation 7, the threshold ratio β ≈1.4 is calculated.
Therefore, the ratio α between the characteristic value of the experimental light source shown in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6 and the actual intensity obtained by Expression 5 is the reciprocal of the threshold ratio β of the time integral value of illuminance obtained by Expression 7. .

  From the above results, if the emission spectrum Sx (λ) of a certain reference light source (reference light source) x and the threshold value Tx of the time integrated value of the illuminance required to lead from sleep to awakening are known, By examining only the emission spectrum (spectral distribution) of the light source desired to be used, it was found that the threshold value of the time integration value can be calculated by Formulas 5-7.

  In addition, although the above formula is described based on variables such as the illumination light sources 32a and 32b, it is obvious that each variable may be appropriately substituted when the light source to emit light changes.

By the way, not only the two types of illumination light sources 32a and 32b are used, but also one type or three or more types of light sources having different wavelength characteristics may be used.
In that case, the time integrated value of the illuminance required to lead from sleep to awakening when n illumination light sources having emission spectra S ₁ (λ) to S _n (λ) are simultaneously emitted according to Equation 8. _Are calculated based on the threshold Tx (threshold of the time integrated value of illuminance required to lead from sleep to awakening when only the reference light source x of the emission spectrum Sx (λ) is emitted). it can.
The coefficients m _{1 to mn} are coefficients indicating the ratio of emission intensity of the emission spectra S ₁ (λ) to S _n (λ) of the individual illumination light sources, and the total value of the coefficients m _{1 to mn} is 1 (m ₁ + m ₂ +... + M _n = 1).
Further, the number n of illumination light sources is an integer of 1 or more.

_{T 1~n = {[∫Sx (λ} ) V (λ) Ve (λ) dλ] / [∫ (m 1 S 1 (λ) + m 2 S 2 (λ) + ......... + m n S n (λ )) V (λ) Ve (λ) dλ]} × Tx (Equation 8)

Here, with respect to the emission spectrum Sab (λ) when the illumination light sources 32a and 32b emit light simultaneously, the intensity ratio Sa (λ) of the emission spectra Sa (λ) and Sb (λ) for each of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b. : Sb (λ) = m ₁ : m ₂ (m ₁ + m ₂ = 1) When the emission spectrum Sx (λ) of the reference light source x and Equations 5 and 7 are used, α is determined.
Therefore, if the light emission spectrum Sx (λ), the threshold value Tx of the time integrated value of the illuminance, and the light emission spectra Sa (λ), Sb (λ) are known, when the illumination light sources 32a, 32b are caused to emit light simultaneously, The threshold Tab of the time integrated value of the illuminance required for leading from sleep to awakening can be obtained.
Equation 9 can also be obtained from Equation 8.

α = [∫Sab (λ) V (λ) Ve (λ) dλ] / [∫Sx (λ) V (λ) Ve (λ) dλ]
= [∫ (m ₁ Sa + m ₂ Sb) (λ) V (λ) Ve (λ) dλ] / [∫Sx (λ) V (λ) Ve (λ) dλ]
= 1 / β = Tx / Tab (Equation 9)

  Further, the illumination light sources 32a and 32b are caused to emit light at the same time, and the intensity ratio Sa (λ): Sb (λ) = Sb (λ) = Pi: Qi (Pi + Qi) for each of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b = 1) is changed over time, the illuminance ratio α is obtained from the emission spectrum Sx (λ) of the reference light source x and Equations 5 and 7 as shown in Equation 10.

  As described above, the thresholds Ta, Tb, and Tab of the time integrated value of illuminance obtained by experiment or calculation are stored in the storage device 40a of the control device 40.

<Control Method of Illumination Light Sources 32a and 32b>
As a method of controlling the illumination light sources 32a and 32b by the control device 40, there are the following methods [A] to [F].

[A] FIG. 7 is a graph showing control examples 1 to 3 in which the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light are the same and only the illuminance is changed over time until the time integrated value of the illuminance reaches a threshold value.
In the control examples 1 to 3, the control device 40 causes only one or both of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light.
Then, the control device 40 suddenly emits light with strong illuminance by controlling only one or both of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b so that the illuminance gradually increases from the unlit state (illuminance = 0). Compared to the case, the wakefulness is promoted without causing the sleeper to feel uncomfortable.

Here, the control device 40 causes the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light until the time integrated value of illuminance reaches the threshold values Ta, Tb, and Tab stored in advance in the storage device 40a.
For example, only the illumination light source 32a is caused to emit light until the time integrated value of the illuminance of the illumination light source 32a reaches the threshold value Ta.
Alternatively, only the illumination light source 32b is caused to emit light until the time integrated value of illuminance of the illumination light source 32b reaches the threshold value Tb.
Alternatively, the illumination light sources 32a and 32b are caused to emit light simultaneously until the time integrated value of the illuminance of simultaneous light emission of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b reaches the threshold value Tab.
The control example 1 is an example in which the illuminance is linearly changed with time so that the integrated time value of the illuminance reaches the threshold values Ta, Tb, and Tab at the irradiation time = 10 [min].
The control example 2 is an example in which the illuminance is linearly changed with time so that the time integrated value of the illuminance reaches the thresholds Ta, Tb, and Tab at the irradiation time = 20 [min].
The control example 3 is an example in which the illuminance is linearly changed with time so that the time integrated value of the illuminance reaches the threshold values Ta, Tb, and Tab at the irradiation time = 30 [min].

If a sleeping person who uses the illumination system 10 wants to wake up in a short time from the start of light emission of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b, the time change amount of illuminance may be set large, and the setting is performed using the operation panel 41. It is possible to achieve a good awakening by adapting to the sleeper's preference.
In addition, when the present inventors emit only the light source 32a for illumination that generates radiated light having a high transmittance of sputum through experiments conducted on a large number of subjects, as in Control Example 3 rather than Control Example 1, It was confirmed that there are many subjects who prefer to set the illuminance change over time small.

[B] FIG. 8 shows a control example 4 in which the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to be emitted are the same, and only the illuminance is changed over time until the time integrated value of the illuminance reaches a threshold value during a predetermined irradiation time (30 [min]). It is a graph which shows ~ 6.
As in Control Examples 1 to 3, in Control Examples 4 to 6, the control device 40 causes only one or both of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light and either one of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b. Only or both are controlled so that the illuminance gradually increases from the unlit state.

The control example 4 is an example in which the illuminance is linearly changed with time similarly to the control examples 1 to 3.
The control example 5 is an example in which the illuminance is raised in a short time from the start of light emission of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b, and then the time change amount of the illuminance is reduced to change the time linearly.
Control example 6 is an example in which the illuminance is changed with time exponentially.

In all the control examples 4 to 6, the illuminance is changed with time so that the time integration value of the illuminance reaches the thresholds Ta, Tb, and Tab at the irradiation time = 30 [min].
A sleeper who uses the lighting system 10 may select and set a preferred control example from among the control examples 4 to 6, and the setting can be performed using the operation panel 41. You can achieve a good awakening by adjusting to your liking.

[C] FIG. 9 is a graph showing control examples 7 to 9 in which the illuminances of the individual illumination light sources 32a and 32b are changed over time so that the integrated time values of the illuminance during a predetermined irradiation time are the same.
Similarly to the control examples 1 to 6, in the control examples 7 to 9, the control device 40 controls only one or both of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b so that the illuminance gradually increases from the unlit state.

The control example 7 is an example in which only the illumination light source 32a emits light and the illuminance is linearly changed over time.
The control example 8 is an example in which both the illumination light sources 32a and 32b emit light, the intensity ratio of the radiated light of the illumination light sources 32b and 32a is made equal, and the illuminance is made equal to change the time linearly.
The control example 9 is an example in which only the illumination light source 32b is caused to emit light and the illuminance is linearly changed over time.

In Control Examples 7 and 9, the control device 40 causes the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light until the time integrated value of illuminance reaches the threshold values Ta and Tb stored in advance in the storage device 40a.
In the control example 8, the control device 40 causes the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light until the time integrated value of illuminance reaches a threshold value Tab stored in advance in the storage device 40a.

A sleeper who uses the lighting system 10 may select and set a preferred control example from among the control examples 7 to 9, and the setting can be performed using the operation panel 41. You can achieve a good awakening by adjusting to your liking.
The intensity ratio of the emitted light from the illumination light sources 32b and 32a may be set to an appropriate intensity ratio instead of being equalized.
For example, in the case of a sleeping person who prefers to get up with illumination with a low color temperature, the intensity ratio of the emitted light of the illumination light source 32a is made higher than that of the illumination light source 32b, and the time variation of illuminance is reduced, Or what is necessary is just to set irradiation time short.

In addition, in the case of a sleeping person who prefers to wake up with illumination having a high color temperature, the intensity ratio of the emitted light of the illumination light source 32b is made higher than the illumination light source 32a, and the temporal change amount of illuminance is increased. Or what is necessary is just to set irradiation time long.
Further, when a sleeper wants to get up in a short time, the intensity ratio of the radiated light of the illumination light source 32a is set higher than that of the illumination light source 32b, and the time change amount of illuminance is set to be large in a short time. Awakening can be promoted efficiently by irradiating the amount of light.
In addition, when a sleeper wants to wake up slowly over a long period of time, by setting the intensity ratio of the radiated light of the illumination light source 32b higher than that of the illumination light source 32a and setting the time change amount of illuminance to be small, If a sufficient amount of light is irradiated for a long time, awakening can be efficiently promoted.

[D] FIG. 10 is a graph showing a control example 10 when the light source to be emitted is switched from the illumination light source 32a to the illumination light source 32b on the way.
In the control example 10, the control device 40 first causes only the illumination light source 32a to emit light, changes the illuminance of the illumination light source 32a from zero to time linearly, and performs a predetermined time J (15 in the example shown in FIG. 10). [Min]) is stopped, the light emission of the illumination light source 32a is stopped, and only the illumination light source 32b is caused to emit light so that the illumination intensity of the illumination light source 32a and the illumination light source 32b at that time are equal. The illuminance of the illumination light source 32b is linearly changed over time.

Note that the illuminance at the time when the illumination light source 32a stops emitting light and the illuminance at the time when the illumination light source 32b starts emitting light are equal because the illuminance changes abruptly, the sleeper feels uncomfortable. It is because it makes me hold.
The predetermined time J may be set by finding an optimum value experimentally, and may be set based on the detection results of the load sensors 42a to 42d as described later [E].

By the way, as shown in FIG. 3, compared with the emitted light of the illumination light source 32a, the emitted light of the illumination light source 32b is highly effective in suppressing the secretion of melatonin and is a hormone secreted from the pineal gland of the brain. The secretion suppression rate of melatonin is about 1.2 to 2 times the emitted light of the illumination light source 32b than the emitted light of the illumination light source 32a.
In other words, the emitted light from the illumination light source 32a has a property that the transmittance of the human eyelid is high but the secretion inhibition rate of melatonin is low.
On the other hand, the emitted light from the illumination light source 32b has a property that the transmittance of the human eyelid is low, but the secretion suppression rate of melatonin is high.
As mentioned above, melatonin affects arousal from sleep. Suppressing melatonin secretion promotes arousal, and applying photostimulation to photoreceptors on human retina suppresses melatonin secretion (patented) References 1 and 2).

In general, a sleeper completely closes the heel during deep sleep, but becomes thinner as the sleep becomes shallower and the awakening is approached.
Therefore, first, by causing only the illumination light source 32a that emits radiant light having a high transmittance of the cocoon to emit light, the sleeper in a state where the cocoon is completely closed in deep sleep is led to awakening, and the sleep is When it becomes shallow and thinly opened, the sleeping person can be surely awakened by emitting only the illumination light source 32b that emits radiated light with a high melatonin secretion inhibition rate.

Further, by combining the above [C] and [D], the control device 40 first increases the intensity ratio of the radiated light of the illumination light source 32a to be higher than that of the illumination light source 32b, and simultaneously uses the illumination light sources 32a and 32b. When light is emitted and the illuminance is changed linearly from zero, and the predetermined time has elapsed, the intensity ratio of the emitted light of the illumination light source 32b is made higher than that of the illumination light source 32a to cause the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light simultaneously. Then, the illuminance may be changed over time linearly.
Further, instead of linearly changing the illuminance with time, the intensity may be changed as in Control Examples 5 and 6 in [B].

[E] The control device 40 determines whether or not the sleeper who goes to bed 20 frequently moves his / her body based on the detection results of the load sensors 42a to 42d.
Then, first, the control device 40 causes only the illumination light source 32a to emit light, gradually increases the illuminance of the illumination light source 32a from zero, and the bedridden frequently experiences a body based on the detection results of the load sensors 42a to 42d. Is stopped (when the predetermined time J has elapsed), the light emission of the illumination light source 32a is stopped, and the illuminance of the illumination light source 32a and the illumination light source 32b at that time are made equal. Only the illumination light source 32b emits light, and the illuminance of the illumination light source 32b is increased.
Note that both the illumination light sources 32a and 32b may emit light, and the intensity ratio Sa (λ): Sb (λ) of the emission spectra Sa (λ) and Sb (λ) may be changed.

In general, a sleeper hardly moves during deep sleep, but frequently moves as sleep becomes shallower and awakens.
And, as described in [D] above, the sleeper completely closes the heel during deep sleep, but thinly opens the heel as sleep becomes shallower and awakening is approached.
Therefore, first, only the illumination light source 32a that emits radiant light with high transmittance of the heel is caused to emit light, so that the body is hardly moved during deep sleep (the heel is completely closed). When the person is awakened and sleeps slowly and the body is moved frequently (thinly opened), only the illumination light source 32b that emits radiation with high melatonin secretion suppression rate is emitted. Thus, the sleeping person can be led to a reliable awakening.

Further, by combining the above [C] and [E], the control device 40 first increases the intensity ratio of the radiated light of the illumination light source 32a to be higher than that of the illumination light source 32b, and simultaneously uses the illumination light sources 32a and 32b. If it is determined that the sleeper is frequently moving based on the detection results of the load sensors 42a to 42d, the illumination light source 32b is more than the illumination light source 32a. The illuminance may be increased linearly by increasing the intensity ratio of the emitted light and causing the illumination light sources 32a and 32b to emit light simultaneously.
Further, instead of linearly changing the illuminance with time, it may be changed with time as in the control examples 5 and 6 in [B].

[F] In the control examples 1 to 3 of [A], the control device 40 wakes up at the wake-up time set by the sleeping person using the lighting system 10 using the operation panel 41 according to the time measured by the clock device 40b. The illumination light sources 32a and 32b are caused to emit light until the time integrated value of illuminance reaches the threshold values Ta, Tb, and Tab stored in advance in the storage device 40a.
If it does in this way, it can be awakened naturally in good mood at the wake-up time set by the sleeping person.

As described above, even when the number of light sources to emit light, emission spectrum (spectral characteristics), illuminance, etc. change over time, if the time integrated value of the illuminance reaches a predetermined threshold value, it leads from sleep to awakening. Can do.
In the control examples [B] to [E], the control device 40 wakes up the sleeper who uses the lighting system 10 using the operation panel 41 according to the time measured by the clock device 40b. Furthermore, the illumination light sources 32a and 32b may be caused to emit light until the time integrated value of illuminance reaches a threshold value stored in advance in the storage device 40a.

<Operation / Effect of Lighting System 10>
According to the illumination system 10 of the present embodiment, the following actions and effects can be obtained.

  [1] The illumination system 10 calculates a time integrated value of the illuminance of the radiated light emitted from the illumination light sources 32a and 32b, and the time integrated value of the illuminance is set to thresholds Ta and Tb set in advance. The illumination light sources 32a and 32b are caused to emit light until reaching Tab.

In the illumination system 10, since the light source emits light until the time integrated value of illuminance reaches the threshold value, it is possible to prevent the excessive amount of light from being irradiated for an excessive amount of time, and light is not wasted. Can be high.
Further, since the control conditions of the illumination light sources 32a and 32b (the light source illumination light sources 32a and 32b are allowed to emit light until the time integrated value of illuminance reaches the threshold value) are clear, a sufficient awakening effect can be obtained.
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a lighting system 10 that can obtain a natural and reliable awakening effect and is highly efficient and energy-saving.

[2] The illumination system 10 calculates and sets the threshold based on the threshold Tx of the time integrated value of illuminance in the reference light source x.
Therefore, if the threshold value Tx of the time integrated value of illuminance in the reference light source x is obtained by experiment, it is not necessary to newly obtain the threshold value of the illumination light source constituting the illumination system. It can be done easily.

[3] The illumination system 10 calculates and sets the threshold using a ratio based on the emission spectrum Sx (λ) of the reference light source x and the emission spectrum of the illumination light source, as shown in Equation 8. .
Therefore, the threshold value can be calculated and set with higher accuracy by using the emission spectrum.

[4] The illumination system 10 calculates and sets the threshold value when one or a plurality of illumination light sources are caused to emit light simultaneously according to Equation 8.
Therefore, the threshold value can be calculated and set easily and with high accuracy even in an illumination system including a plurality of illumination light sources.

  [5] Since the illumination system 10 causes the illumination light source to emit light so that the integrated value of illuminance reaches a threshold value at a preset time, the illumination system 10 is awakened naturally and comfortably at the wake-up time set by the sleeper. be able to.

[6] The illumination system 10 includes an illumination light source 32a (first light source) that emits radiant light having a light emission spectrum in a wavelength region with high transmittance of cocoons, and emission of a light emission spectrum in a wavelength region that has a high melatonin secretion suppression effect. And an illumination light source 32b (second light source) that emits light.
Therefore, by controlling the light emission of only one of the illumination light source 32a or the illumination light source 32b or the light emission of both the illumination light source 32a and the illumination light source 32b as in the methods [A] to [E]. It is possible to urge certain awakening according to the preference of the sleeping person.

  [7] Since the illumination system 10 uses LEDs as the illumination light sources 32a and 32b, it is easy to control light emission, and different wavelength characteristics can be easily realized. 6] can be obtained with certainty.

[8] FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the relative intensity of the emission spectrum and the wavelength of light for two types of light La and Lb with a color temperature of 3000 [K].
As shown in FIG. 11, the emission spectrum may be different even with light having the same color temperature.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing an example in which the illuminance is linearly changed with time so that the time integrated values of the illuminance are equal for the two types of light La and Lb shown in FIG.
Since the light La and Lb have different emission spectra, in order to make the time integrated value of illuminance equal, it is necessary to set the time change amount of illuminance to different values.

<Another embodiment>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be embodied as follows, and even in that case, operations and effects equivalent to or higher than those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

[A] In the above embodiment, LEDs are used as the illumination light sources 32a and 32b. However, the illumination light sources 32a and 32b may be any light source (for example, a semiconductor light emitting element such as an organic EL, a fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp, etc.). Or may be configured as a light source by collecting part of sunlight.
Two or more light sources selected from the group consisting of the various light sources may be used in combination.

[A] Although the lighting device 30 is built in the headboard 23 in the embodiment, the lighting device 30 may be provided separately from the bed 20 as an independent stand.
The lighting device 30 may be used in combination with a sofa, a sofa bed, a futon, or the like, and may be used as a single lighting device.

  The present invention is not limited to the description of each aspect and the embodiment. Various modifications are also included in the present invention as long as those skilled in the art can easily conceive without departing from the scope of the claims. The contents of the patent gazette specified in this specification are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Illumination system 20 ... Bed 21 ... Base 22 ... Mattress 23 ... Headboard 30 ... Illumination device 31 ... Front plate 32a ... Light source for illumination (first light source)
32b ... Illumination light source (second light source)
40 ... Control device 40a ... Storage device 40b ... Clock device 41 ... Operation panels 42a-42d ... Load sensors

Claims (5)

  Emission spectrum S of the emitted light from the reference light source _x Step 1 for calculating the following formula for (λ):
      φx = Km∫S _x (λ) Ve (λ) V (λ) dλ
  Where V (λ): photopic relative luminous sensitivity, Ve (λ): 瞼 transmission spectrum,

  About the reference light source, the threshold value T of the time integrated value of the illuminance required to lead the person to awakening is experimentally determined. _x Step 2 for obtaining in advance,

  Emission spectrum S of illumination light source ₁ For (λ), step 3 for calculating the following equation;
      φ ₁ = Km∫S ₁ (λ) Ve (λ) V (λ) dλ

  Threshold value T of the time integrated value of illuminance required for guiding the person to awakening for the illumination light source ₁ Step 4 for calculating as follows:
T ₁ = {Φ _x / φ ₁ } × T _x

  The obtained threshold value T ₁ An illumination method for causing the illumination light source to emit light so as to perform the following.   Steps 1 to 3 according to claim 1 are performed for n illumination light sources, and φ _x , T _x And φ ₁ , Φ ₂ ...... φ _n Seeking

  A threshold value T when the n illumination light sources are simultaneously emitted. _{1 to n} Is calculated as
      T _{1 to n} = {Φ _x / (M ₁ φ ₁ + M ₂ φ ₂ + …… + m _n φ _n )} × T _x
  However,
  T _{1 to n} : A threshold value of a time integrated value of illuminance when the n illumination light sources are simultaneously emitted;
  S ₁ (λ) to S _n (λ): emission spectrum of each radiated light of the n illumination light sources,
m ₁ ~ M _n : Emission spectrum S of each of the n illumination light sources ₁ (λ) to S _n is a coefficient indicating the ratio of the emission intensity of (λ), m ₁ ~ M _n The total value of is 1 (m ₁ + M ₂ + ... + m _n = 1),

  The obtained threshold value T _{1 to n} The n illumination light sources are caused to emit light simultaneously so as to execute The illumination method according to claim 2, wherein the illumination light source is caused to emit light so that a time integrated value of the illuminance reaches the threshold values T 1 _to T _n at a preset time . The illumination method according to claim 1, wherein the illumination light source is an LED. The illumination light source, an organic EL, fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, those constituted by lighting a portion of sunlight, at least any one type of light source which is selected from the group consisting of, claims 1 to 3 The illumination method according to any one of the above .

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