JP6261518B2 - Waste fuel conversion apparatus and method including waste plastic - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for using waste containing waste plastic such as ASR (automobile shredder dust) as a fuel in a cement baking apparatus.

  Conventionally, in cement burning apparatuses, waste containing waste plastic such as ASR is used as an alternative fuel for a burner for cement kiln combustion. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a step of roughly crushing combustible waste mainly composed of one or more selected from the group consisting of plastics, sponges, fibers, rubbers, and woods by a primary crusher. And a step of removing foreign matter contained in the combustible waste, a step of crushing the coarsely crushed product from which the foreign matter has been removed by a secondary crusher, and a step of blowing the crushed product into a burner. There is described a method for converting combustible waste into a fuel that supplies a coarsely crushed product to a secondary crusher so that the power of the secondary crusher is constant after setting the mass% or less.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-153889

  However, since waste has various properties, the crushed material obtained by simply crushing the waste may not be completely burned in the atmosphere (spatial combustion) by the combustion burner. In such a case, some of the waste blown into the combustion burner will land on the clinker and cause incomplete combustion, or the clinker will undergo a reduction reaction, affecting the quality and hue of the clinker. There was a bug.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to effectively use the entire waste including waste plastic as a cement firing fuel without adversely affecting the quality of the clinker.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a crushing device for crushing waste containing waste plastic, a waste crushed by the crushing device, a crushed material that is difficult to spatially burn in a predetermined particle size range, Separation device for separating into other crushed materials, a rolling device for slicing the crushed materials separated by the separation device, which are difficult to burn in space, into a film, and a crushed material separated by the rolling device as cement And a supply device for supplying to the baking apparatus. Here, the crushed material that is difficult to burn in space means that when it is blown into the kiln from a burner for cement kiln, it will land on the clinker and cause incomplete combustion, etc. It refers to crushed material that is difficult to burn completely.

  According to the present invention, the crushed material that is difficult to spatially burn within the predetermined particle size range included in the waste is thinned into a film shape by a rolling device, so that even if it is blown from a combustion burner into a cement kiln, etc. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a cement firing fuel without adversely affecting the quality of the clinker.

  By the supply device, the other crushed material can be supplied to the cement firing device together with the crushed material thinned by the rolling device. Thereby, the whole waste containing waste plastic can be effectively used as a cement firing fuel.

In the waste fueling device, waste containing the waste plastic is automobile shredder dust, the crushing device is provided with a screen having a diameter of X mm, and the separation device is located downstream of the crushing device, The sieving device for sieving the waste crushed by the crushing device, wherein the crushed material that is difficult to burn spatially is in the range of X / 3 mm to 4X / 5 mm separated by the sieving device . can do. Thereby, the effective utilization of the automobile shredder dust can be promoted. Moreover, the amount of various pollutants resulting from incomplete combustion can be reduced, and at the same time, the discharge amount of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can be reduced.

  Further, the diameter X of the screen can be 5 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and the crushed material obtained by the screen having a small diameter can be mainly blown into the combustion burner of the cement kiln, which is obtained by the screen having a large diameter. The crushed material can be put into the kiln bottom of a cement kiln and used as fuel.

  In the waste fueling apparatus, the rolling device may be a heating type compression roll that compresses the crushed material that is difficult to burn in space while heating.

  Further, the waste containing the waste plastic may include hard plastic and soft plastic, and the separation device may be a wind power sorter located on the downstream side of the crushing device.

  The present invention also relates to a method for fuelizing waste containing waste plastic, wherein the waste containing waste plastic is crushed, and the crushed waste is crushed in a predetermined particle size range and difficult to burn in space. The crushed material that is difficult to burn in space is cut into a thin film, and the crushed crushed material is supplied to a cement firing device. According to the present invention, as in the case of the above-described invention, a crushed material that is difficult to spatially burn can be effectively used as a cement firing fuel without adversely affecting the quality of the clinker.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the entire waste including waste plastic can be effectively used as a cement firing fuel while avoiding adverse effects on the quality of the clinker.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic whole block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the fuel conversion apparatus of the waste containing the waste plastic concerning this invention. It is a photograph which shows the content of each particle size group in the test example of the fueling apparatus and fueling method which concern on this invention.

  Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the case where the present invention is applied to fuel conversion of automobile shredder dust (hereinafter referred to as “ASR”) will be described as an example. ASR refers to plastic, glass, rubber, etc. that are discarded as industrial waste after the scraped car waste after removing the discarded automobile engine, etc. is shattered with an industrial shredder to recover iron, etc. A debris.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a waste fuelizing apparatus (hereinafter referred to as “fuelizing apparatus”) 1 including waste plastic according to the present invention includes a crushing apparatus 10 for crushing ASR and a sieving unit for screening crushed material C. The apparatus 20 and the heating-type compression roller 30 which thins the screened intermediate particle group are provided. In FIG. 1, symbol A indicates the particle size, and symbol D indicates the aperture of the screen.

  The crushing device 10 is, for example, a uniaxial crusher, a box-shaped main body 10a that accommodates a rotary blade, a hopper 10b that is positioned above the main body 10a and that is opened to feed ASR, and a main body 10a. A discharge portion 10c or the like that is disposed below and accommodates the screen is provided. Here, the aperture D of the screen is Xmm.

  The sieving device 20 includes two vibrating sieves 20A and 20B arranged in two stages in the vertical direction. The diameter of the vibrating sieve 20A is 4/5 · Xmm, and the diameter of the vibrating sieve 20B is 1/3 · Xmm. Set to

  The heating compression roller 30 serving as a rolling device includes a pair of heat generating rotating rollers 30a set to a predetermined temperature, a pair of housings 30b holding the heat generating rotating rollers 30a, and the like. As the heat generating rotating roller 30a, an external high frequency induction heat generating roll, an external mounting type high frequency heat roll or the like can be used.

  Although not shown in the drawings, a cement baking apparatus using ASR fueled by the fueling apparatus 1 as fuel includes a preheater in which cyclones are stacked in multiple stages to preheat the cement raw material, and a calcining furnace for calcining the cement raw material. And a cement kiln (rotary kiln) that burns cement raw material with a burner and the like, and a clinker cooler that cools the cement clinker discharged from the cement kiln.

  Next, a fueling method for ASR by the fueling apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described.

  The received ASR is put into the crushing apparatus 10 and crushed. Here, by setting the aperture Xmm of the screen of the crushing apparatus 10 to a desired value, the combustible material is crushed by the rotary blade, becomes a predetermined particle size, and is discharged as the crushed material C from the discharge portion 10c. The diameter of the screen Xmm is preferably set to 10 mm to 15 mm, but can be set to about 5 mm to 100 mm, and the fuel obtained from the screen with a small diameter is mainly used by blowing it into a burner for cement kiln combustion. However, the fuel obtained from the large-diameter screen can be used by putting it in the kiln bottom of the cement kiln.

  The crushed material C discharged from the crushing apparatus 10 is supplied to the vibrating sieve 20A, and the particle group (large particle group LP) exceeding 4/5 · X mm is used as it is as an alternative fuel. A particle group of 4/5 · X mm or less is supplied to the vibrating sieve 20B, and a particle group (small particle group SP) of 1/3 · X mm or less is also used as an alternative fuel as it is. On the other hand, a particle group (intermediate particle group MP) exceeding 1/3 · Xmm and 4/5 · Xmm or less is introduced into the heating compression roller 30.

  In the heating-type compression roller 30, the crushed material of the intermediate particle group MP is rolled by a pair of heat-generating rotating rollers 30a set to a predetermined temperature and thinned into a film shape. The crushed crushed material can be injected as fuel into the combustion burner of the cement kiln together with the crushed material of the large particle group LP and the small particle group SP.

  Next, test examples of the fueling apparatus and the fueling method according to the present invention will be described.

  When ASR was put into the crushing apparatus 10 in which the aperture D of the screen was set to 10 mm and the crushed material C was sieved, products shown in Table 1 were obtained in each particle size group (No. 1 to 5). Table 1 shows the mass (%), calorific value (cal / g), calorie ratio (%), ig.loss (Ignition Loss) (%) and contents in each particle size group. Moreover, the photograph of the content in each particle size group is shown in FIG.

  No. above. When a combustion test was performed on each of the crushed materials 1 to 5, No. 1 was obtained. Nos. 1 and 2 are easy to burn, have the largest mass, and have the highest calorific value. No. 3 is the most difficult to burn. It was found that Nos. 4 and 5 floated in the air due to the flocculent form and immediately burned in space.

  Therefore, the present inventor has made the above-mentioned No. In order to make space combustion possible also for No. 3, it was decided to make it into a film shape with the heating compression roller 30. By making the film into thin pieces, the specific surface area is increased, and when it is blown into a cement kiln through a combustion burner or the like, it becomes easy to float in the air and burn in space.

  In the above embodiments and test examples, the case where the waste containing waste plastic is ASR has been described. However, when the waste containing waste plastic is a hard / soft mixed plastic, it is classified into a hard plastic by wind sorting after crushing. Since it is classified into soft plastic and hard plastic is difficult to burn in space, it is sliced into a film by a heating compression roller. On the other hand, soft plastics are easily burned in space and are used as fuel as they are.

1 Waste fueling equipment including waste plastic (fuelizing equipment)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Crushing apparatus 10a Main body 10b Hopper 10c Discharge part 20 Sieving apparatus 20A, 20B Vibrating sieve 30 Heating compression roller 30a Heating rotation roller 30b Housing C Crushed material LP Large particle group MP Intermediate particle group SP Small particle group

Claims (7)

A crushing device for crushing waste including waste plastic,
A separation device for separating the waste crushed by the crushing device into a crushed material that is difficult to burn in space within a predetermined particle size range and other crushed materials;
A rolling device for thinning the crushed material difficult to burn in space separated by the separation device into a film;
A waste fuelizing device including waste plastic, comprising: a supply device that supplies the crushed material thinned by the rolling device to a cement firing device.   2. The fuel conversion apparatus for waste containing waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein the other crushed material is supplied to the cement firing device by the supply device together with the crushed material thinned by the rolling device. . The waste containing the waste plastic is automobile shredder dust,
The crushing device includes a screen having a diameter of X mm,
The separation device is located on the downstream side of the crushing device, and is a sieving device for sieving the waste crushed by the crushing device ,
The waste material containing waste plastic according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushed material that is difficult to spatially burn is in the range of X / 3mm to 4X / 5mm separated by the sieving device . Fueling device.   The diameter of the screen (X) is 5 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and the apparatus for fuelizing waste containing waste plastic according to claim 1, 2, or 3.   5. The waste fuel containing waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein the rolling device includes a heating-type compression roll that compresses while heating the crushed material that is difficult to burn in space. Device. The waste containing the waste plastic includes hard plastic and soft plastic,
The said separation apparatus is a wind power sorter located in the downstream of the said crushing apparatus, The fuelization apparatus of the waste containing waste plastics of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Crushing waste including waste plastic,
The crushed waste is separated into a crushed material that is difficult to burn in space within a predetermined particle size range, and other crushed materials,
The separated crushed material difficult to burn in space is sliced into a film,
A method for fuelizing waste containing waste plastic, characterized in that the crushed crushed material is supplied to a cement firing device.