JP6255311B2 - Radiant heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a radiant heater, and more particularly to a radiant heater using a portable gas cylinder.

As for conventional heaters, there are a convection type that heats by moving heated air and a radiant type that heats by radiating radiant heat. This radiant heater, or a part of the convection heater, burns fuel, heats the combustion cylinder, and heats it with radiant heat radiated from the heated combustion cylinder.
Patent Document 1 is such a radiant heater, and as shown in FIG. 2, has a dome-shaped wire mesh 15 as a combustion cylinder, burns kerosene to red heat the wire mesh 15, and thereby radiates infrared rays. And it is supposed to be heated.
Moreover, there exists a heater of patent document 2 as what has a function of a convection type and a radiation type. The heater of this patent document 2 is a so-called petroleum stove, and as shown in FIG. 2, it has a ceramic cylinder 20 in a combustion cylinder, and radiates far infrared rays by heating this ceramic cylinder 20. . The combustion heat of the burner 18 is forcibly sent out from the hole of the heat radiating cylinder 17 by the fan 28.

JP 2004-28517 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-257667

By the way, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in the case of a large heater using kerosene or oil as fuel, a relatively large amount of fuel can be put into the fuel chamber, so that strong heating is possible for a long time. It becomes. For example, in Patent Document 1, a large dome-shaped wire net is heated using fuel to create a large red hot body, and thereby strong heating can be achieved. Moreover, also about patent document 2, if more oil is burned, more combustion heat will be generated and strong heating can be performed.
However, for a heater using a portable gas cylinder in which a compressed liquefied gas such as liquefied butane is contained in a small container, although it depends on the calorific value and environment, generally only a continuous combustion time of about 2 to 4 hours is required. Absent.
Therefore, the heater using the portable gas cylinder has a problem that the heating cannot be strengthened as compared with the large heater because the continuous combustion time is reduced if the heating is excessively increased.
This invention solves the above subject, and even if it uses the gas of a portable gas cylinder as a fuel, it aims at providing the radiation type heater with a high heating effect.

  The above-described problem is a radiant heater having a combustion cylinder heated by a flame that uses gas from a portable gas cylinder as fuel, and is heated by radiant heat from the combustion cylinder, the upper side of the combustion cylinder being A ceramic cylinder that is closed and has an opening through which the heat of the flame can enter, and a metal cylinder that is disposed on the outside so as to surround the ceramic cylinder. Each of which has a middle cylinder and an outer cylinder in which a plurality of holes are formed on each outer peripheral side surface, and the hole of the outer cylinder is a small hole compared to the hole of the middle cylinder, A plurality of small holes are formed in both a region corresponding to the hole of the middle cylinder and a region corresponding to a metal portion having no hole of the middle cylinder, and the outer cylinder is formed between the plurality of small holes. This part is solved by a radiant heater that swells toward the inner cylinder.

According to the radiant heater having the above configuration, the combustion cylinder has a ceramic cylinder whose upper side is closed and whose lower side is an opening through which the heat of the flame can enter. For this reason, the heat of the flame does not escape from the upper side of the ceramic cylinder, but is easily burned inward, so that the ceramic cylinder is efficiently heated. Therefore, a large amount of far infrared rays are emitted from the ceramic cylinder.
And the heat in this ceramic cylinder will escape from an opening part, and will go outside after heating a ceramic. Here, the combustion cylinder has a metal cylinder arranged outside so as to surround the ceramic cylinder. Therefore, the heat escaped from the opening of the ceramic cylinder heats the outer metal cylinder, and the heated metal cylinder emits near infrared rays different from the far infrared rays.
Thus, according to the combustion cylinder of the present invention, different types of electromagnetic waves are radiated as radiant heat to enable effective heating.
Here, the metal cylinder is a double cylinder, and since it has a middle cylinder and an outer cylinder in which a plurality of holes are formed on the outer peripheral side surface thereof, heat is accumulated in the space between the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder, The entire metal tube can be heated evenly to increase the amount of near infrared rays.
Furthermore, it is a small hole smaller than the hole of the middle cylinder, and a plurality of these small holes are formed both in the area corresponding to the hole in the middle cylinder and in the area corresponding to the metal part without the hole in the middle cylinder, In the outer cylinder, a portion between the plurality of small holes swells toward the middle cylinder. Then, the far infrared rays radiated from the ceramic cylinder are hard to be absorbed by the metal, so there are those that go out from the hole of the middle cylinder and radiate as they are from the small hole of the outer cylinder, Some of them radiate to the outside through a small hole in a region corresponding to a metal portion having no hole in the middle cylinder after being considerably reflected between the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder upon hitting the bulge. In this way, the energy density is increased between the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder, and far infrared rays can be radiated uniformly from the entire combustion cylinder to the outside.
Since the outer cylinder absorbs energy little by little as far-infrared rays are reflected, it is heated by far-infrared rays and can radiate more radiant heat.

Preferably, in the outer cylinder, a portion between the plurality of small holes is a linear part, and the middle cylinder protrudes outward and is in contact with the linear part. It has the protrusion part.
Then, since the outer cylinder is a linear portion between the small holes (that is, the portion other than the small holes on the main surface and the portion between the adjacent small holes), the thermal resistance and the heat capacity are reduced. It becomes small, becomes easy to be heated, and can radiate more radiant heat.
Further, since the linear portion of the outer cylinder is in contact with a plurality of protruding portions protruding toward the outside of the middle cylinder, even if the protruding portion serves as a spacer and the linear portion of the outer cylinder is thin. The deformation can be suppressed and the distance between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder can be effectively maintained. Therefore, for example, the distance between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder increases, making it difficult to collect heat between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, or radiating far infrared rays from a region corresponding to a metal part other than the hole in the middle cylinder. It is possible to effectively prevent situations where it is difficult to do.

  Preferably, the left and right side plates of the housing in which the combustion cylinder is disposed on the inside have a cutout portion having a shape cut out on the front side, and the cutout portion includes the cutout portion connected to the combustion cylinder. A protective fence is provided for preventing contact, and the protective fence has a shielding plate that blocks the radiant heat at a portion that may overheat the wall surface when the side plate is installed close to the wall surface. The housing is provided with a handle integrally connected to the left and right side plates and the back plate and integrally formed.

As a result, the left and right side plates of the housing that houses the combustion cylinder have cutout portions that are cut out to the front side, so that radiation heat is radiated not only from the front side but also from the cutout portions on the side surface side. It is possible to heat more extensively.
Moreover, since the notch is provided with a protective fence, it is possible to prevent objects and hands from coming into contact with the combustion cylinder.
Here, the protective fence disposed in the notch is provided with a shielding plate that blocks radiant heat at a portion that may overheat the wall surface when the side plate is installed close to the wall surface. For this reason, overheating of the wall surface can be prevented without significantly impairing a wide range of heating properties. That is, as described above, since the combustion cylinder generates strong radiant heat, strong radiant heat may be radiated from the cutout portion of the casing, and for example, the side plate of the casing approaches the wall surface of the room. Therefore, it is dangerous to provide a notch on the side plate of the housing in consideration of the usage condition in which the heater is installed. However, in this case, radiant heat is radiated only from the front surface of the housing, and in a use state in which the side plate of the housing is not brought close to the wall surface, a wide range of heating performance is impaired. Then, about the protection fence arrange | positioned at the notch part of a side surface, only the part which has a possibility of overheating was measured, and the shielding board which interrupts | blocks a radiant heat was arrange | positioned partially. As a result, overheating of the wall surface can be prevented when the heater is installed close to the wall surface, and radiant heat is radiated from the part of the protective fence other than the shielding plate when the heater is not installed close to the wall surface. Can heat as wide a range as possible.
In addition, the housing is provided with a handle integrally connected to the left and right side plates and the back plate. For this reason, the shape of the housing can be effectively maintained by the rigidity of the handle as well as lifting the heater by the handle. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent the possibility that the shielding plate partially disposed on the protective fence is displaced and the wall surface is overheated.

  As mentioned above, according to this invention, even if it uses the gas of a portable gas cylinder as a fuel, a radiation type heater with a high heating effect can be provided.

The front side perspective view of the radiation type heating machine concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. The partial enlarged view which looked at the part of the combustion cylinder of FIG. 1 from the front. The rear side perspective view of the radiation type heater of FIG. The top view of the radiation type heater of FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4. FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the combustion cylinder of FIG. 1. The modification of the linear part of the outer cylinder used for the radiation type heater of FIG. The front side perspective view of the radiation type heater which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The partial enlarged view which looked at the part of the combustion cylinder of FIG. 8 from the front. FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 9. FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 9. The figure showing the measurement point of the radiation intensity | strength experimented using the radiation type heater which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The embodiments described below are preferred specific examples of the present invention, and thus various technically preferable limitations are given. However, the scope of the present invention is particularly limited in the following description. Unless otherwise stated, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[First Embodiment]
1 to 5 show a radiant heater 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front perspective view, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a combustion cylinder, and FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view. 4 is a plan view, and FIG. 5 is a schematic AA cross-sectional view of FIG. In FIG. 2, the upper left part of the linear portion 70 is cut away. 3 to 5, the protective fence 50 is omitted (however, the shielding plate 28 is shown in FIG. 4). Moreover, in FIG. 5, the cross section of the bottom part side is abbreviate | omitted and the inner side gas supply part 40 is shown in figure.
The objects to be heated by the radiant heater (hereinafter referred to as “heater”) 10 in these drawings are a room and a person or an object in the room, which is a so-called indoor gas stove.
In the case of this embodiment, it is preferably used particularly in a room of 6 to 8 tatami mats, and a portable gas cylinder (also referred to as “cassette cylinder” or “cartridge type gas cylinder”; hereinafter referred to as “cylinder”) is set. It is portable and has a portable size and weight.
The outer size of the heater 10 shown in the figure has a width W1 of 346 mm, a depth D1 of 278 mm, and a height H1 of 404 mm.
The heater 10 includes a casing 12, a combustion cylinder 20 disposed in the inner space S <b> 1 of the casing 12, and a gas supply unit 40 that supplies gas to heat the combustion cylinder 20. .

[About the Case of the First Embodiment]
First, the housing 12 will be described.
The casing 12 has a box shape as a whole, and the upper portion that is easily heated is made of a steel plate, and the other main portions are made of a heat-resistant coated steel plate, a back plate 12A, a top plate 12B, and left and right side plates 12C. , 12C, a bottom plate 12D, and a front plate 12E.
As shown in FIG. 3, the back plate 12 </ b> A is a vertical plate and has a lid 14 that can be opened and closed on the bottom side. When the lid 14 is opened, a cylinder accommodating chamber 23 (see FIG. 5) for accommodating the cylinder is exposed inside. The lid 14 is rotatable in the vertical direction (the direction of arrow R in FIG. 3) with the lower horizontal direction as an axis. The lid 14 is formed with a through hole 15 that serves as a clue when rotating.
The lid 14 on the bottom side is provided with a plurality of elongated air holes 18 in order to supply primary air to the gas supply unit 40 and prevent the gas supply unit 40 from overheating. The air holes 18 are also formed in the side plate 12C.

The top plate 12B is inclined so as to gradually increase from the back side toward the front side. As shown in FIG. 5, the inclination angle θ1 is about 16 degrees. By this inclination, the heat of the inner space S1 is directed to the front side as much as possible, and an object cannot be placed on the heated top plate 12B.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the top plate 12 </ b> B is formed with a plurality of long holes 16 along the direction of the width W <b> 1, and heat is dissipated therefrom to prevent overheating of the housing 12. The long holes 16 are not arranged in the central portion CP in the width W1 direction, but are arranged in the depth D1 direction only on both side surfaces. This prevents dust or the like that has fallen through the long hole 16 from hitting the combustion cylinder 20 disposed immediately below the central portion CP.
As shown in FIG. 1, a protective fence 50 is disposed on the top plate 12B. The protective fence 50 is formed by arranging long rod-like members 51 in the width W1 direction along a direction (depth D1 direction) orthogonal to the direction (width W1 direction) in which the long holes 16 extend.

The bottom plate 12D has the largest area in the horizontal direction in the casing 12, and effectively prevents the heater 10 from overturning.
The front plate 12E is disposed only on the bottom side, and the center and upper regions on the front side are open surfaces OF such that the inner space S1 is exposed to the outside. Note that the air holes 18 are not formed in the front plate 12E.

The side plates 12C, 12C stand up substantially vertically to form side walls. As shown in FIG. 1, when facing the open side OF on the front side, the side plate 12C on the right side is ignited or has a size of flame. An operation knob 52 for controlling the operation is provided.
The side plate 12C is formed with a notch 17 so as to be spatially connected to the open surface OF on the front side. Specifically, a reflecting mirror 22 is provided on the inner side of the housing 12 so as to partially surround the inner space S1, but the side plate 12C is cut to the front side of the reflecting mirror 22 immediately. It has a cutout portion 17 having a cutout shape. As a result, the radiant heat generated from the combustion cylinder 20 is radiated not only from the open surface OF on the front side but also from the cutout portion 17 on the side surface side, so that a wider range of heating is possible.
A protective fence 50 is provided so as to cover the open surface OF on the front side and the cutout portion 17 on the side surface. The protective fence 50 is a guard for preventing a hand or an object from hitting the combustion cylinder 20, and in the case of this embodiment, also covers the top plate 12B as described above.

  In the region covering the open surface OF, the protective fence 50 has long rod-like members arranged in the width W1 direction along the vertical direction, and in the region covering the notch portion 17, the long rod-like members are arranged deep in the vertical direction. They are arranged in the D1 direction. Such a protective fence 50 can be attached to and detached from the housing 12, and in the case of this embodiment, the protective fence 50 is attached by being inserted into a hole (not shown) formed in the end face of the notch portion 17. The top plate 12B and the protective fence 50 are not in contact with each other. For this reason, when a load is applied to the protective fence 50, the top plate 12B is glazed and an object cannot be placed on the top plate 12B.

  In the inner space S1 of the casing 12 as described above, the metal horizontal plate 19 is disposed along the horizontal direction, the combustion cylinder 20 protrudes from the hole 19a of the horizontal plate 19, and the combustion cylinder 20 is located in the inner space. Stands up to be exposed at S1. The horizontal plate 19 is preferably formed by finishing aluminum, stainless steel or the like into a mirror surface, so that the radiant heat from the combustion cylinder 20 is hardly absorbed.

Further, the casing 12 has the reflecting mirror 22 that partially surrounds the inner space S1 as described above, and the reflecting mirror 22 is arranged on the back side of the combustion cylinder 20 in a plan view as shown in FIG. An arc shape corresponding to the semicircular portion is formed, so that the radiant heat reflected by the reflecting mirror 22 is radiated generally toward the open surface OF.
Specifically, the reflecting mirror 22 is not disposed on the front side of the combustion cylinder 20, and is composed of a back mirror 22 a on the back side of the combustion cylinder 20 and side mirrors 22 b and 22 b on both side surfaces of the combustion cylinder 20. . Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the rear mirror 22a has a required inclination angle θ2 (about 10 degrees in the figure) so that the main surface on the inner space S1 side faces upward. Thereby, even if the heater 10 is small and placed on the feet, the upper part of the human body can be warmed as much as possible.

Furthermore, a handle 24 is provided for the housing 12. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the handle 24 is continuously provided on the left side plate 12 </ b> C, the back plate 12 </ b> A, and the right side plate 12 </ b> C, and has a U shape or C shape in plan view. ing. And it is preferable that the handles 26 and 26 which consist of a through-hole are formed only in the both sides | surfaces side of this handle 24. FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, it is more preferable that the handle 24 has a U-shaped or C-shaped overall longitudinal cross-sectional shape. As a result, the handle 24 performs three functions. The first is a function for carrying the heater 10. The second function is to hold down the heater 10 when opening and closing the lid 14 on the back side. The third function is a function of maintaining the shape of the housing 12 even in the case of a portable heater (in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, only in a part of the protective fence 50 where overheating is assumed. A shield plate 28, which will be described later, is provided.For this reason, it is not preferable that the portion where the overheating is assumed (the position of the shield plate 28 in FIG. 1) changes due to the change in the shape of the housing 12. The handle 24 that holds the shape of the housing 12 plays a large role).
Note that the handle 24 of the present embodiment is formed by integrally molding a resin, and as shown in FIG. 3, while being tilted according to the tilt angle θ1 of the top plate 12B, the handle 24 is in operation even in the upper part. It is attached to the part where the temperature is low. In addition, since the handle 24 is tilted so as to be lowered toward the back side, the wrists 26 and 26 can be held at a more comfortable angle when gripping the handles 26 and 26 from the back side. In doing so, the clothes can be guided from the back side rather than from the front side where the clothes are likely to get dirty.

[Regarding Gas Supply Unit of First Embodiment]
Next, the gas supply unit 40 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the gas supply unit 40 is a part that supplies gas to the gas burner 30 for heating the combustion cylinder 20, and is disposed on the lower side of the housing 12.
The gas supply unit 4 has a cylinder storage chamber 23 for storing the cylinder GC. The cylinder GC of the present embodiment is a container that accommodates only about 250 g of LPG (liquid petrolium gas) obtained by compressing and liquefying liquefied butane or the like, and the container size is about 68 mm × 185 mm.

The cylinder storage chamber 23 is disposed between the rear mirror 22a and the lid body 14 and has a cylinder connection part 29 to which the cylinder GC can be attached and detached. The fuel gas discharged from the cylinder GC enters the governor provided in the cylinder connection portion 29 and is pressure-adjusted. In addition, when the cylinder GC is heated and its internal pressure rises abnormally, the attachment / detachment means between the cylinder connecting portion 29 and the cylinder GC is a magnet so that the safety mechanism is activated and removed.
Further, this cylinder connecting portion 29 is connected to the operation knob 52 of FIG. 1 so that the amount of gas supplied from the cylinder GC of FIG. 5 can be adjusted. In this embodiment, the maximum heat generation amount per hour can be adjusted to 1250 kcal and the minimum heat generation amount per hour can be adjusted to 1000 kcal.
The fuel gas supplied from the gas cylinder GC through the cylinder connection portion 29 in this way is supplied to the burner 30 through the gas conduit 31 and the gas / air mixer 32 while being mixed with air. The air mixer 32 is a horizontal mixing tube type. The igniter 34 in FIG. 5 is pushed by the rotation of the operation knob 52 in FIG. 1 to generate a pulse voltage, and the electrode 35 is discharged by the pulse voltage, whereby the fuel gas is ignited. Note that the head of the burner 30 has a plurality of craters arranged in a circular shape.

[About the combustion cylinder of the first embodiment]
Next, the combustion cylinder 20 will be described.
The combustion cylinder 20 is a red hot body that is heated by a flame that uses gas in a cylinder as a fuel, and can generate radiant heat.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the combustion cylinder 20 has a cylindrical shape whose upper part is closed by a metal cover body 39, and is formed on the pedestal part 37 protruding from the hole 19 a of the horizontal plate 19. It is connected. The cover body 39 is formed by sealing the upper part of the combustion cylinder 20 without forming a through hole such as an air hole, and has a circular shape in plan view. The reason why the through hole is not provided in the cover body 39 is that heat is accumulated in a space S3 (see FIG. 5) between the middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46, which will be described later, and radiant heat due to red heat of the metal cylinder 44, which will be described later. It is for increasing.
The pedestal portion 37 has a truncated cone shape as a whole, and the inside thereof is a cavity portion S2, and the burner 30 is disposed in the cavity portion S2. A plurality of air intake holes 38 for sending secondary air to the burner 30 are formed in the truncated cone-shaped inclined surface. The angle θ3 of the inclined surface of the pedestal portion 37 is approximately 50 degrees, and the air intake hole 38 is a long hole along the horizontal direction.
As shown in FIG. 5, the top portion 37 a of the truncated cone-shaped pedestal portion 37 is connected so as to be fitted into a later-described middle cylinder 45 of the combustion cylinder 20.

The combustion cylinder 20 has a ceramic cylinder 60 and a metal cylinder 44 arranged on the outside so as to surround the ceramic cylinder 60.
Hereinafter, the ceramic cylinder 60 and the metal cylinder 44 will be described with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 which is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the combustion cylinder 20 of FIG. Note that FIG. 6 is illustrated in a simplified manner so that the drawing does not become complicated.
The ceramic cylinder 60 is a ceramic cylinder that generates far infrared rays by heating. Among the far infrared rays, the ceramic cylinder 60 generates far infrared rays having a wavelength range of 2.5 to 25 μm that easily heats the human body. Yes. Although the ceramic cylinder 60 can use a known ceramic, the combustion cylinder 20 is formed so as to have a considerably high heat resistance because the combustion cylinder 20 has a considerably high temperature (in other words, it will be described later on the outside of the ceramic cylinder 60). Since the temperature of the metal cylinder 44 is high, the red hot body inside the metal cylinder 44 cannot be made of stainless steel, and ceramic is suitable). The combustion cylinder 20 of the present embodiment is formed, for example, by press-molding a raw material having an alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) content of 95% by mass or more and firing it at a temperature of 1,700 ° C.

As shown in the figure, the ceramic cylinder 60 is shaped like a bell, and has an upper portion 60a closed, the lower portion is an opening 60b through which the heat of the flame FR of the burner 30 can enter, and the inner portion is It is a hollow. The outer peripheral side surface 60c of the ceramic cylinder 60 is vertical, but its wall surface gradually decreases in thickness from the upper side to the lower side.
The ceramic cylinder 60 is suspended and used, and has a required distance L4 between the opening 60b and the burner 30. Specifically, the upper portion 60a of the ceramic cylinder 60 has a flange portion 61 that projects outward from the outer peripheral side surface 60c. On the other hand, the cover body 39 connected to the upper end opening of the metal tube 44 is formed with a locking portion 54 that locks with the flange portion 61 of the upper portion 60 a of the ceramic tube 60.
The circular diameter L5 formed by arranging the craters of the burner 30 is larger than the diameter of the opening 60b of the ceramic cylinder 60 (in the case of the figure, the diameter L5 is about 30 mmφ and the diameter of the opening 60b of the ceramic cylinder 60). Is about 18 mmφ), and the crater of the burner 30 is arranged directly under the opening 60b.

The metal cylinder 44 shown in FIG. 5 is responsible for the radiation and control of radiant heat, and has a double cylinder shape. As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of holes 63 and 64 are formed on the respective outer peripheral side surfaces. The inner cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46 are formed. Hereinafter, the features of both members will be described while comparing the middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46.
The outer cylinder 46 has the same center axis as that of the middle cylinder 45 (same as the center axis of the ceramic cylinder 60), and is a cylinder disposed outside so as to surround the middle cylinder 45. Therefore, the diameter L6 (see FIG. In this case, the diameter L7 is larger than about 50 mm) (about 55 mm in the figure). As for the diameter, the diameter L7 of the outer cylinder 46, the diameter L6 of the middle cylinder 45, the circular diameter L5 in which the craters of the burner 30 are arranged, and the diameter of the opening 60b of the ceramic cylinder 60 (about 26 mm). Big in order.

In the present embodiment, the interval W3 between the outer cylinder 46 and the intermediate cylinder 45 is smaller than the interval W2 between the intermediate cylinder 45 and the ceramic cylinder 60, and the interval W3 is about 1/6 of the interval W2. Specifically, it is preferable that the interval W3 between the outer cylinder 46 and the middle cylinder 45 is not too large, so that the space S3 between the middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46 is heated without increasing the output of the burner 30. Can be easily stored. On the other hand, the interval W3 is preferably not too small so that the far-infrared ray reflected by the outer cylinder 46 does not immediately return to the hole 63 of the middle cylinder 45, as will be described later. In the case of FIG. 6, it is preferable that the interval W3 between the outer cylinder 46 and the middle cylinder 45 is 2 mm or more and does not exceed 10 mm at the maximum.
In order to maintain the space S3 between the outer cylinder 46 and the middle cylinder 45, it is preferable to provide a spacer at the interval W3. The spacer of the present embodiment is a plurality of protruding portions 59 protruding toward the outer side of the middle cylinder 45, and these protruding portions 59 contact the outer cylinder 46 (specifically, the linear portion 70 shown in FIG. 2). By contacting, the interval W3 is effectively maintained. As shown in FIG. 5, the protrusion 59 is formed in a ring shape along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral side surface of the inner cylinder 45, and the ring-shaped protrusion 59 is formed in two upper and lower stages.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the height L3 (about 126 mm) of the outer cylinder 46 is larger than the height L2 (about 113 mm) of the middle cylinder 45. As for the height, the height L1 of the ceramic cylinder 60 is about 98 mm, and the height L3 of the outer cylinder 46, the height L2 of the middle cylinder 45, and the height L1 of the ceramic cylinder 60 are larger in this order.
The middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46 are both made of stainless steel. More specifically, the middle cylinder 45 is preferably SUS430, and the outer cylinder 46 is preferably SUS310S.

The holes 64 of the outer cylinder 46 are smaller than the holes 63 of the middle cylinder 45 and are many small holes.
Specifically, the middle cylinder 45 is a cylindrical shape obtained by rounding a so-called punching metal made of stainless steel. There are 26 holes 63 per stage, 15 stages in total, and 390 holes 63 in total. Is formed. The diameter of the hole 63 is about 3 to 4 mm, and the total area of the plurality of holes 63 is smaller than the area of the other metal portions 77 (regions between adjacent holes 63 and 63). The aperture ratio of the plurality of holes 63 in the arranged region (region excluding the upper and lower ends in FIG. 5) is about 20%. The reason for this hole diameter and area ratio is that, according to experimental results, when the hole diameter is increased, the red heat is only on the upper side, and when the hole diameter is decreased, the exhaust gas is deteriorated and the CO value is increased.
On the other hand, the hole (hereinafter referred to as “small hole”) 64 of the outer cylinder 46 is very small, as shown in FIG. 2, and corresponds to the hole 63 of the middle cylinder 45 (area facing the hole 63, Alternatively, about 14 to 15 small holes 64 are completely contained in the hole 63 of the middle cylinder 45 when viewed from the front. A plurality of the small holes 64 are also formed in a region corresponding to the metal portion 77 (see FIG. 5) where the hole 63 of the middle cylinder 45 is not provided. That is, in the present embodiment, the outer cylinder 46 is uniformly and uniformly arranged on the entire outer circumferential side of the outer circumferential side. The opening ratio of the plurality of small holes 64 in the outer cylinder is larger than the opening ratio of the plurality of holes 63 in the middle cylinder (about 40%, which is about twice).
Further, the portion other than the small holes 46 on the main surface of the outer cylinder 46 (the portion between the adjacent small holes 46, 46) is more preferably the linear portion 70 so that the thermal resistance and the heat capacity are reduced. preferable. The width W4 of the linear portion 70 of the present embodiment is about 0.25 to 0.4 mm.

Further, in the outer cylinder 46, a portion between the plurality of small holes 64, 64 swells toward the middle cylinder 45. That is, in this embodiment, as shown in the enlarged view of the linear portion 70 surrounded by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 6, the inner surface 46a of the linear portion 70 of the outer cylinder 46 is convex (the middle cylinder 45). Swollen to the side). On the other hand, the outer surface 45a of the inner cylinder 45 is substantially flat.
In the outer cylinder 46 of the present embodiment, only the inner surface 46a is convex toward the middle cylinder 45, but the outer surface 46b may also be convex as shown in FIG. The cross section may be circular as shown in FIG. 7B, and the cross section may be square as shown in FIG. 7C.

[Heat flow in use, etc.]
Regarding the combustion cylinder 20 having the above-described features, the flow of heat including radiant heat and the function of each part will be mainly described with reference to FIG.
6 indicates the flow of heat H1, H2, and H3 generated from the flame FR of the burner 30, the broken arrow indicates the flow of near infrared NR, and the dashed arrow indicates the flow of far infrared FR. ing. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the metal tube 44, and is a diagram for explaining the flow of the near infrared ray NR. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the metal tube 44, and is a diagram for explaining the flow of the far infrared ray FR.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the burner 30 is ignited, the heat H <b> 1 generated from the flame FR rises and enters the inside of the opening of the ceramic cylinder 60 to heat the ceramic cylinder 60, far from the ceramic cylinder 60. Infrared FR is emitted.
Then, the heat H2 after the heating or the heat H3 deviated outside without being put inside the ceramic cylinder 60 heats the middle cylinder 45, whereby near infrared NR is emitted from the middle cylinder 45. .
The near-infrared NR radiated from the middle cylinder 45 is radiated to the outside immediately from the small hole 64 of the outer cylinder 46 as shown in the diagram surrounded by the one-dot chain line, but also hits the outer cylinder 46. At this time, since the outer tube 46 is also made of metal, the near-infrared ray having a short wavelength is absorbed by the outer tube 46, the outer tube 46 is heated, and the near-infrared ray NR is also emitted from the outer tube 46. And heat accumulates in the space S3 between the middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46, the whole metal cylinder 44 is easily heated, and the amount of near-infrared NR can be remarkably increased.

  On the other hand, the far infrared ray FR radiated from the ceramic cylinder 60 passes through the hole 63 of the middle cylinder 45 and the small hole 64 of the outer cylinder 46 and is radiated to the outside. In this respect, as shown in FIG. 2, since there are many linear portions 70 of the outer cylinder 46 outside the hole 63 of the middle cylinder 45, it is shown in a diagram surrounded by a three-dot chain line in FIG. 6. As described above, the far infrared ray FR that has passed through the hole 63 of the middle cylinder 45 strikes the linear portion 70 of the outer cylinder 46. Then, since the far-infrared FR is hardly absorbed by the metal, reflection is repeated to some extent in the space S3 between the middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46, and finally passes through the small hole 64 of the outer cylinder 46 to the outside. To be emitted. Therefore, in the space S3 between the middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46, the amount of far-infrared FR is increased to increase the energy density in the space S3, and a large amount of far-infrared FR from a large number of small holes 64 of the outer cylinder 46. Can be emitted to the outside. That is, the aperture ratio of the plurality of small holes 64 of the outer cylinder 46 is higher than the aperture ratio of the plurality of holes 63 of the middle cylinder 45. In such a configuration, the figure surrounded by the three-dot chain line in FIG. As described above, the reflected far-infrared FR can be emitted not only from the far-infrared FR directly passing through the small hole 64 from the hole 63 of the middle tube 45 but also from the small hole 64 in the region corresponding to the metal portion 77, Accordingly, the combustion cylinder 20 can radiate a large amount of far-infrared FR uniformly from its surface.

  The outer cylinder 46 is made of stainless steel that reflects most of the far-infrared FR, but when the far-infrared FR hits the outer cylinder 46, the outer cylinder 46 is also heated to absorb some energy. In addition, the outer cylinder 46 is more easily heated because the portion (between the small holes 64) other than the small holes 64 on the main surface is the linear portion 70. Therefore, even the outer cylinder 46 arranged on the outer side of the middle cylinder 45 is efficiently heated and can emit a lot of near infrared rays.

  The combustion cylinder 20 of the present embodiment has the above-described characteristics. By the ceramic cylinder 60 and the metal cylinder 44, different types of electromagnetic waves (far infrared rays and near infrared rays) are radiated as radiant heat to enable effective heating. . Further, far infrared rays radiated from the ceramic cylinder 60 are considerably reflected in the space S3 between the middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46, and then a large amount of far infrared rays FR are radiated uniformly from the surface of the combustion cylinder 20. it can. In addition, heat can be accumulated in the space S3 between the middle cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46, and the entire metal cylinder 44 can be heated evenly to increase the amount of near infrared rays.

  By the way, the combustion cylinder 20 has an increased heating capacity as described above. However, when the side plate 12C is used close to or in contact with the wall surface, the wall surface may overheat. Therefore, in the region of the notch portion 17 of the side plate 12C shown in FIG. 1 for enabling a wide range of heating, as shown in FIGS. Thus, a shielding plate 28 for shielding radiant heat is provided. Since the shielding plate 28 radiates weak radiant heat after absorbing the radiant heat, rather than completely shielding the radiant heat, it can be said to be a “radiant heat attenuation plate” in that sense. In the present embodiment, the shielding plate 28 is a metal plate and is connected to the left and right portions of the protective fence 50. Further, the shielding plate 28 is disposed above the lower end portion of the combustion cylinder 20 by a predetermined dimension H3 (H3 in FIG. 1 is about 42 mm). This dimension H3 is preferably set by actually measuring the ambient temperature of the heater 10, but the distance between the protective fence 50 and the combustion cylinder 20, the convex state of the inner surface 46a of the outer cylinder 46, the inner cylinder 45 and the outer cylinder 46. And the distance W3, the position and shape of the reflecting mirror 22, and the maximum heat generation amount may be considered. In any case, since the radiant heat is radiated from the outer cylinder 46 as a whole, the temperature of the region having substantially the same height as the combustion cylinder 20 tends to be high.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 8 is a front perspective view of the heater 11 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view of the combustion cylinder 20 viewed from the front, and FIG. 10 is a schematic B- of FIG. B line partial sectional view, FIG. 11 is a schematic CC line partial sectional view of FIG. Moreover, Z of these figures represents the vertical direction of the heater 11, and the Y direction represents the horizontal direction of the heater 11.
In these drawings, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the heater 10 of FIGS. 1 to 7 have the same configuration, and therefore, a duplicate description will be omitted, and the differences will be mainly described below.

The heater 11 of the second embodiment is different from the heater 10 of the first embodiment only in the configuration of the outer cylinder 80 in the metal cylinder 44 of the combustion cylinder 20.
That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the outer cylinder 80 of the second embodiment is formed of a so-called mesh in which a linear member 82 having a circular cross section made of a metal wire is woven. The linear member 82 in the drawing is stainless steel (SUS310S) as in the first embodiment, and this linear member (also referred to as “wire”) 82 is so-called plain weave (with the vertical and horizontal lines kept at a constant interval. (Weave alternately). The wire diameter (diameter of the linear member 82) d is 0.25 mm, and the opening A is 0.54 mm.

Thus, the outer cylinder 80 can be easily formed by making the outer cylinder 80 into the mesh structure.
Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the far infrared rays FR <b> 1 to 6 are reflected in both the vertical direction Z and the horizontal direction Y, and far infrared rays can be radiated more uniformly from the surface of the outer cylinder 80.
That is, the linear member 82 has a circular cross section in the radial direction in both the vertical direction Z shown in FIG. 10 and the horizontal direction Y shown in FIG. For this reason, out of the far infrared rays FR1 to FR3 that have passed through the hole 63 of the inner cylinder 45 shown in FIG. 10, the far infrared rays FR2 and 3 that have hit the linear member 82 are reflected in the vertical direction Z, and the inner cylinder It hits the upper and lower metal portions 77a of the hole 63 and is also emitted from the small holes 64 facing the upper and lower metal portions 77a. Further, among the far infrared rays FR4 to FR6 that have passed through the hole 63 of the inner cylinder 45 shown in FIG. 11, the far infrared rays FR5 and 6 that hit the linear member 82 are reflected in the horizontal direction Y, and the inner cylinder 45 It hits the left and right metal portions 77b of the hole 63 and is also emitted from the small holes 64 facing the left and right metal portions 77b. In this way, the far infrared rays FR1 and FR4 that are straight from the hole 63 of the inner cylinder 45 and radiated from the small hole 64, as well as the small holes 64 that face the upper, lower, left, and right metal portions 77a and 77b of the hole 63. Infrared rays FR2 to FR3 and FR5 to 6 are emitted, and far infrared rays can be radiated more uniformly than in the first embodiment.

Since an experiment was conducted on the combustion cylinder 20 using the outer cylinder 80 formed from the mesh structure as described above, an outline thereof is shown below.
[Experimental conditions]
● The RE-II type manufactured by Chino Co., Ltd. was used for the radiometer.
● The consumption (output) of the heater 11 was measured according to the cassette stove JIS S 2147.
● The combustion cylinder 20 of the heater 11 was separated from the radiometer by 1 m, and was installed so that the center of the combustor 20 and the radiometer were coaxial.
● A new cylinder was used for the heater 11 and burned for 30 minutes to stabilize the combustion state. Thereafter, in an environment where the light source was completely shut off, the radiation intensity at 33 points was measured with a voltmeter (unit: mV) in the hemisphere shown in FIG.

〔Experimental result〕
The radiation efficiency was calculated | required by the following "Equation 1" from the experimental result performed on the said experimental conditions.

In Equation 1, “η” is the radiation efficiency (%), “r” is the radius (m) of the sphere, and “Ei” is the radiation intensity (Kw / m ² ) at each point. Further, in the above formula 1, “I” is an input (Kw), and is obtained from the following “formula 2”, “formula 3”, and “formula 4”.

In Equation 2, “V” is the actual gas consumption (m ² ), “Q” is the total calorific value of the gas used (MJ / m ² N), and “tg” is the gas temperature in the gas meter at the time of measurement. (° C.), “B” is the atmospheric pressure (kPa) at the time of measurement, “Pm” is the gas pressure (kPa) in the gas meter at the time of measurement, and “S” is the saturated water vapor pressure (kPa) at the temperature tg ° C.

As a result, when the radiation intensity at 33 points in the hemisphere in FIG. 12 was integrated, the radiation efficiency (η) was 32.6%.
The same experiment was performed using the outer cylinder 80 of the second embodiment as a glass cylinder, but the radiation efficiency (η) at that time was 28.5%. The superiority of the outer cylinder 80 of the embodiment can be understood.

By the way, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various modified example is employable.
For example, the handle has a U-shaped or C-shaped vertical cross-sectional shape in order to increase its rigidity, but the vertical cross-sectional shape may be rectangular or circular, for example.
And the hole 63 of the inner cylinder 45 is not restricted circularly, For example, it may be square shape, and the number is not restricted to the number mentioned above.
Further, the small holes 64 of the outer cylinder 46 are not limited to a rectangular shape as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, but may be, for example, a circular shape, and the number thereof is not limited to the number described above. Absent.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,11 ... Radiation type heater, 20 ... Combustion cylinder, 44 ... Metal cylinder, 45 ... Inner cylinder, 46 ... Outer cylinder, 60 ... Ceramic cylinder, 63 ... Inner cylinder hole, 64 ... Outer cylinder hole (small hole), 70 ... Linear part, 59 ... Projection part

Claims (3)

A radiant heater having a combustion cylinder that is heated by a flame that uses gas from a portable gas cylinder as a fuel, and that is heated by radiant heat from the combustion cylinder,
The combustion cylinder has a ceramic cylinder whose upper side is closed and whose lower side is an opening through which the heat of the flame can enter, and a metal cylinder arranged on the outside so as to surround the ceramic cylinder,
The metal cylinder is a double cylinder, and has a middle cylinder and an outer cylinder each having a plurality of holes formed on the outer peripheral side surfaces thereof.
The hole of the outer cylinder is a small hole smaller than the hole of the middle cylinder, and the small hole corresponds to the area corresponding to the hole of the middle cylinder and the area corresponding to the metal portion without the hole of the middle cylinder. It is formed in plural on both sides,
In the outer cylinder, a portion between the plurality of small holes swells toward the middle cylinder. The outer cylinder has a linear portion between the plurality of small holes,
The radiant heater according to claim 1, wherein the middle cylinder has a plurality of protrusions that protrude outward and abut on the linear portion. The left and right side plates of the casing in which the combustion cylinder is disposed inside have a notch portion formed in a shape notched to the front side,
The notch is provided with a protective fence for preventing contact with the combustion cylinder,
The protective fence is provided with a shielding plate that blocks the radiant heat at a portion that may overheat the wall surface when the side plate is installed close to the wall surface,
The radiant heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the casing is provided with a handle integrally connected to the left and right side plates and the back plate. .

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