JP6243643B2 - Earth and sand removal device and earth and sand removal method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an earth and sand removing device and an earth and sand removing method for removing earth and sand accumulated on a water bottom.

  As one of the methods for dredging sediment deposited in rivers and seas, a method is known in which sediment sediment is grabbed by a grab, lifted by a winch, and unloaded to a ship. In this method, when the grab reaches the bottom, the sediment on the bottom of the water is scattered and pollution occurs, or when the grab that grabs the soil is raised, the pollution further rises in the water. Also, when the grab rises from the water into the air, the contaminated water will spill out from the grab.

  In order to solve these problems, in Patent Document 1, a pair of rotatable upper plates are provided in a shell that can be opened and closed, and after the earth and sand are accommodated in the shell, the earth and sand are further rotated by rotating the upper plate. A mechanism is disclosed in which the suction is pushed into the introduction port. Further, Patent Document 2 has a mechanism in which a rotatable push plate is provided in an openable / closable shell, and after the earth and sand are accommodated in the shell, the earth and sand are further pushed into the transport pipe by the rotation of the push plate. It is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 2097262 Japanese Patent No. 4944541

  In the mechanism described in Patent Document 1, since the suction port of the introduction port is provided at a position close to the rotation center of the shell, the distance between the earth and sand on the water bottom and the suction port is relatively long when the shell is bottomed. In addition to being far away, the capacity in the shell is relatively large. For this reason, after allowing the shell to sink deeply into the bottom of the water and sinking it at a rate of free fall, the shell is closed and the earth and sand are accommodated, and then the earth and sand are transferred to the suction hole by rotating the upper plate. There is a need. That is, it is necessary to perform an operation divided into two stages, that is, an operation of accommodating earth and sand in the shell and an operation of transferring the earth and sand accommodated in the shell to the suction hole. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes time until the soil is actually sucked after the bottom is reached.

  Further, in the mechanism described in Patent Document 2, unlike Patent Document 1, the transport pipe is provided at a position far from the rotation center of the shell (position near the tip of the shell). However, since the capacity in the shell is large, it is necessary to transfer the earth and sand to the transport pipe by rotating the pushing plate after accommodating the earth and sand in the shell, as in Patent Document 1. Therefore, also in the mechanism described in Patent Document 2, as in Patent Document 1, the operation of storing earth and sand in the shell and the operation of transferring the earth and sand stored in the shell to the suction hole are divided into two stages. It becomes operation. Therefore, the problem that it takes time until the soil is actually sucked after the bottom is settled has not been solved.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism capable of collecting and sucking earth and sand in parallel immediately after landing.

The present invention includes a pair of opening and closing members, an opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes the pair of opening and closing members by rotation of the opening and closing member around a rotation shaft provided on one end side of each of the opening and closing members, A suction mechanism that sucks earth and sand from suction ports provided on the other end sides, and after the other end side is grounded in a state where the pair of opening and closing members are opened , the opening and closing mechanism is used to the sediment was collected between the pair of opening and closing member by closing operation of the pair of opening and closing member, the sediment removal device for sucking by the suction mechanism to the soil in parallel with the closing operation of the pair of opening and closing member from said suction port provide.

  In the above configuration, during the operation of closing the pair of opening / closing members, the position of the opening / closing member is controlled so that the change in the height of the end portion on the other end side of the opening / closing member is within a predetermined range. You may do it.

  Further, in the above configuration, during the operation of closing the pair of opening and closing members, suction by the suction mechanism is maintained so that a balance between the amount of sediment by the suction mechanism and the amount of collected sediment pushed into the suction port is maintained. Either the amount of earth and sand or the operation speed at which the opening and closing member closes may be controlled.

The present invention also provides a pair of opening and closing members, an opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes the pair of opening and closing members by rotation of the opening and closing member about a rotation shaft provided on one end side of each of the opening and closing members, and the opening and closing A sediment removal method using a sediment removal device comprising a suction mechanism for suctioning soil from a suction port provided on each other end of each member , wherein the other end side is opened with the pair of opening and closing members open. after bottom landing and the sediment the pair of earth and sand by the closing operation closing member collects between the pair of opening and closing member, in parallel with the operation for closing the pair of opening and closing member by using the opening and closing mechanism Provided is a method for removing earth and sand which is sucked by the suction mechanism from the suction port.

  According to the present invention, sediment collection and suction can be performed in parallel immediately after bottoming.

The figure which shows the whole embodiment. The perspective view of the collection apparatus 12. FIG. The side view of the collection apparatus 12 in the arrow A direction. The top view of the collection apparatus 12. FIG. BB end view in FIG. The figure which shows operation | movement of the collection apparatus 12. The figure which shows the example which enlarged the suction port 17 rather than embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the entire embodiment. The dredger 1 has a work table ship 2, a crane 3 and a pump 4. The operation room of the crane 3 is provided with a device for an operator to operate the crane. One end of the first wire 10 is fixed to the first winch 6 and the other end is fixed to the collecting device 12. One end of the second wire 11 is fixed to the second winch 7 and the other end is fixed to the collecting device 12. The first wire 10 and the second wire 11 are respectively hung around pulleys 8 and 9 provided at the tip of the boom 5, and the collecting device 12 is suspended by the first wire 10 and the second wire 11, The first winch 6 and the second winch 7 are moved up and down.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the collection device 12. FIG. 3 is a side view of the collecting device 12 in the arrow A direction. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the collection device 12. FIG. 5 is a BB end view in FIG. The collecting device 12 includes a first opening / closing member 13 and a second opening / closing member 14, and one end sides of the first opening / closing member 13 and the second opening / closing member 14 are coupled by a common rotating shaft 24. In the following description, the side where the rotating shaft 24 is provided in the first opening / closing member 13 and the second opening / closing member 14 is referred to as one end side, and the portion opposite to the one end side is referred to as the other end side. Moreover, when not distinguishing the 1st opening / closing member 13 and the 2nd opening / closing member 14, these are named generically as an opening / closing member.

  The opening / closing member has a bottom plate portion 15 and a side wall portion 16. The side wall portion 16 is raised from the edge of the bottom plate portion 15. The bottom plate portion 15 has a function of collecting soil on the bottom of the water by an operation of closing a pair of opening / closing members described later. The bottom plate 15 is provided with an opening 23 for removing water and air below the bottom plate 15 when the collecting device 12 is lowered in water. The opening 23 is provided with a grating for making it difficult for solids such as earth and sand to pass through the opening 23. A suction port 17 for sucking earth and sand is provided on the other end side of the bottom plate portion 15. A suction pipe 18 is provided at the suction port 17, and the suction pipe 18 is connected to a storage tank (not shown) of the earth transport ship via a pump 4 provided in the dredger 1. That is, the suction port 17, the suction pipe 18, and the pump 4 constitute a suction mechanism that sucks earth and sand.

  A first fixing portion 19 for fixing the first wire 10 is provided on the other end side of the opening / closing member. Moreover, the 2nd fixing | fixed part 20 for fixing the 2nd wire 11 is provided in the one end side of the opening / closing member. The illustrated example is an example in which the second fixing portion 20 is provided in the first opening / closing member 13, but the second fixing portion 20 may be provided in the second opening / closing member 14 or the first opening / closing member. It may be provided on both the member 13 and the second opening / closing member 14.

  The amount of winding of the first wire 10 by the first winch 6 and the amount of winding of the second wire 11 by the second winch 7 can be controlled independently of each other. It is possible to change the height of the 2 fixing | fixed part 20 separately. For example, when the winding amount of the second winch 7 is increased while the first winch 6 is stopped, the second fixing portion 20 rises relative to the first fixing portion 19. Then, as indicated by an arrow C in FIG. 3, the first opening / closing member 13 and the second opening / closing member 14 rotate about the rotation shaft 24, thereby closing the pair of opening / closing members. On the other hand, if the winding amount of the second winch 7 is decreased while the first winch 6 is stopped, the second fixing portion 20 descends relative to the first fixing portion 19. As indicated by the arrow D, the pair of opening / closing members is opened. That is, the collection device 12 and the crane 3 constitute an opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes a pair of opening / closing members.

  2 to 5 show a state where the pair of opening and closing members are opened to the maximum angle. Here, as shown in FIG. 3, in the second opening / closing member 14, a portion of the side wall portion 16 that is orthogonal to the rotation shaft 24 is extended below the bottom plate portion (hereinafter referred to as an extension portion 21). ), When the pair of opening / closing members are closed, the extension portion 21 is configured to overlap a portion of the side wall portion 16 of the first opening / closing member 13 that is orthogonal to the rotation shaft 24. The extension portion 21 is configured such that the lower end portion 22 is substantially horizontal when the pair of opening and closing members are opened to the maximum angle, and the entire lower end portion 22 when the collecting device 12 is bottomed. Is in contact with the bottom of the water.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the collection device 12. In addition, the figure shows only the main components (the bottom plate part 15, the suction pipe 18, and the rotating shaft 24) of the collecting device 12 in order to facilitate understanding of the operation.
(1. Descent)
The operator operates the crane 3 to move the collecting device 12 to the position where the dredger is scheduled, and lowers it into the water.

(2. Bottoming)
The operator operates the crane 3 to bottom the pair of opening / closing members in an open state. Then, the other end side of the bottom plate portion 15 of the first opening / closing member 13 and the second opening / closing member 14 is recessed into the water bottom.

(3. Collection / aspiration) and (4. Collection / aspiration)
The operator operates the first winch 6 and the second winch 7 to close the pair of opening / closing members. Here, it is desirable to control the first winch 6 and the second winch 7 so that the height of the end portion on the other end side of the opening / closing member is kept constant during the operation of closing the pair of opening / closing members. For example, a water pressure gauge is provided at the other end of the opening and closing member, and data indicating the water depth (water pressure) is transmitted to the operation room of the dredger 1 so that the change in the water depth is within a predetermined range. The winding amount of the 1 winch 6 and the second winch 7 may be calculated by a computer and the winding amount may be controlled, or the water depth may change while an operator monitors the data transmitted from the water pressure gauge. The first winch 6 and the second winch 7 may be operated so as to be within a predetermined range.

  By the operation of closing the pair of opening / closing members, the end on the other end side of the opening / closing member collects the sand at the bottom of the water between the first opening / closing member 13 and the second opening / closing member 14. The collected earth and sand is pushed to the position of the suction port 17. In parallel with this operation, the worker operates the pump 4 of the dredger 1 to suck the earth and sand. The sucked earth and sand are conveyed through the suction pipe 18 to the reservoir of the earth ship.

Here, it is desirable to control so as to maintain a balance between the amount of the collected earth and sand by the suction mechanism and the amount of the collected earth and sand pushed into the suction port 17 during the operation of closing the pair of opening and closing members. For example, the suction pipe 18 is provided with a flow meter that measures the flow rate of earth and sand, and the flow rate data is transmitted to the operation room of the dredger 1 so that the change in the flow rate falls within a predetermined range. The amount may be controlled.
Moreover, you may make it control the operation speed which closes a pair of opening-and-closing member. For example, the winding amount of the second winch 7 may be calculated by a computer so that the change in the flow rate measured by the flow meter falls within a predetermined range, and the winding amount may be controlled by a worker. While monitoring the flow rate data transmitted from the flow meter, the second winch 7 may be operated so that the change in the flow rate falls within a predetermined range.

(5. Closing)
The pair of opening / closing members are completely closed. Then, since the amount of collected earth and sand pushed into the suction port 17 rapidly decreases, the flow rate measured by the flow meter also rapidly decreases. Using this fact, it may be detected that the pair of opening and closing members are completely closed based on the flow rate of earth and sand. Alternatively, a device for measuring the angle formed by the first opening / closing member 13 and the second opening / closing member 14 may be provided, and based on the angle, it may be detected that the pair of opening / closing members are completely closed. .

(6. Rise)
The operator operates the crane 3 to raise the collecting device 12. Here, the height which raises the collection apparatus 12 should just be a grade which the lower end of the collection apparatus 12 does not contact at least an unsettled water bottom.

(7. Move / release)
The operator operates the crane 3 to move the collection device 12 to an unfinished part. When the movement is completed, the pair of opening / closing members are opened. The worker repeats the operations from (2. Landing) to (7. Move / release) until the scheduled range of dredging is completed.
The above is the operation of the present embodiment.

According to the present embodiment, since the earth and sand are collected between the pair of opening and closing members, the earth and sand are pushed to the position of the suction port 17, and the pushed earth and sand are sucked from the suction port 17 by the suction mechanism. Sediment collection and suction can be performed in parallel at the bottom. According to this configuration, since there is no need to perform an operation divided into two stages, that is, an operation for accommodating earth and sand in the shell and an operation for transferring the earth and sand accommodated in the shell to the suction port, the removal of the earth and sand is performed quickly. be able to.
Further, according to the present embodiment, since the suction port 17 is provided on the other end side of the opening / closing member, that is, on the water bottom side, earth and sand are pushed into the position of the suction port 17 by the operation of closing the pair of opening / closing members. . Therefore, compared with the structure in which the suction port 17 is provided in the upper part of the shell, the efficiency of sucking earth and sand is increased. Further, since a mechanism for transferring earth and sand to the suction port is unnecessary, the configuration can be simplified.
Moreover, according to this embodiment, it is not necessary to provide the shell which accommodates earth and sand.
Further, according to the present embodiment, the height of the end portion on the other end side of the opening / closing member is kept constant during the operation of closing the pair of opening / closing members, so the amount of earth and sand pushed into the suction port 17 is also constant. Kept. Therefore, the earth and sand pushed into the suction port 17 can be sucked efficiently.

In the present embodiment, the amount of suction earth and sand is controlled so that the balance between the amount of earth and sand collected by the suction mechanism and the amount of collected earth and sand pushed into the suction port 17 is maintained during the operation of closing the pair of opening and closing members. And if a pair of opening-and-closing member is closed completely, there will be no earth and sand pushed into the suction opening 17. Further, since the bottom plate portion 15 is formed in a flat shape, the opening / closing member is not provided with a space (accommodating space) for accommodating earth and sand. Therefore, when the pair of opening / closing members are completely closed, there is almost no earth and sand between the bottom plate portion 15 of the first opening / closing member 13 and the bottom plate portion 15 of the second opening / closing member 14. That is, when the collection device 12 is moved in water or in the air, the water contamination can be suppressed by moving the pair of opening and closing members in a completely closed state.
Moreover, according to this embodiment, since the earth and sand are attracted | sucked in parallel with the operation | movement which closes a pair of opening-and-closing member, it can suppress that earth and sand protrudes between a pair of opening-and-closing members.
Moreover, according to this embodiment, since the height of the edge part of the other end side of an opening-and-closing member is kept constant during the operation | movement which closes a collection apparatus, overdigging can be suppressed.

(Modification)
The above embodiment may be modified as follows. A plurality of modified examples may be combined.
(Modification 1)
FIG. 7 is a view showing an example in which the suction port 17 is made larger than that in the embodiment (see FIG. 5). In this example, the space 30 is formed on the other end side of the opening / closing member by increasing the suction port 17. According to this configuration, the amount of earth and sand pushed into the suction port 17 can be increased more than in the embodiment. In this case, it is desirable to make the suction capacity of the pump 4 larger than that of the embodiment so that the balance between the amount of suction soil by the suction mechanism and the amount of collected soil pushed into the suction port 17 is maintained. According to this structure, the efficiency which removes earth and sand can be improved.

(Modification 2)
In the above embodiment, an example of opening and closing the pair of opening and closing members by changing the winding amount of the first winch or the second winch has been shown as an example of the opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the pair of opening and closing members. Driving means such as an actuator may be provided in the collecting device, and the pair of opening and closing members may be opened and closed by this driving means.

(Modification 3)
In the above embodiment, the example in which the side wall 16 is provided at the edge of the bottom plate 15 of the opening / closing member is shown, but the side wall 16 may not be provided in the opening / closing member.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dredger, 2 Worktable ship, 3 Crane, 4 Pump, 5 Boom, 6 1st winch, 7 2nd winch, 8 pulley, 9 pulley, 10 1st wire, 11 2nd wire, 13 1st opening and closing member, 14 Second opening / closing member, 15 Bottom plate portion, 16 Side wall portion, 17 Suction port, 18 Suction tube, 19 First fixing portion, 20 Second fixing portion, 21 Extension portion, 22 Lower end portion, 23 Opening portion, 24 Rotating shaft

Claims (4)

A pair of opening and closing members;
An opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes the pair of opening and closing members by rotation of the opening and closing member around a rotation shaft provided on one end side of each of the opening and closing members;
A suction mechanism for sucking earth and sand from a suction port provided on the other end side of each of the opening and closing members,
The After-grounding the other end by a pair of state closing member opened, collects the sediment the operation of closing the pair of opening and closing member by using the opening and closing mechanism between the pair of opening and closing member, the A soil removal device that sucks the earth and sand from the suction port by the suction mechanism in parallel with the operation of closing the pair of opening and closing members . The position of the opening / closing member is controlled so that a change in the height of the end of the opening / closing member on the other end side is within a predetermined range during the operation of closing the pair of opening / closing members. Soil removal equipment. During the operation of closing the pair of opening and closing members, the amount of suction earth and sand by the suction mechanism or the opening and closing member is maintained so that the balance between the amount of earth and sand collected by the suction mechanism and the amount of collected earth pushed into the suction port is maintained. The earth and sand removal apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one of the closing operation speeds is controlled. A pair of opening and closing members, an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the pair of opening and closing members by rotation of the opening and closing member about a rotation shaft provided on one end side of each of the opening and closing members, and each other end of the opening and closing member A sediment removal method using a sediment removal device comprising a suction mechanism for suctioning soil from a suction port provided on the side,
The After-grounding the other end by a pair of state closing member opened, collects the sediment the operation of closing the pair of opening and closing member by using the opening and closing mechanism between the pair of opening and closing member, the A soil removal method for sucking the earth and sand from the suction port by the suction mechanism in parallel with the operation of closing the pair of opening and closing members .

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