JP6238412B2 - Agricultural work machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mid-mount agricultural work machine in which a working unit is disposed between a front wheel and a rear wheel.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a so-called mid-mount agricultural working machine that performs operations such as seedling transplanting and weeding between a front wheel and a rear wheel is known. In the mid-mount agricultural work machine, an operator seated on a driver seat provided at the rear of the vehicle body can visually confirm operations such as transplanting seedlings and weeding while facing forward. Therefore, the visibility at the time of work is excellent as compared with the rear-mount type agricultural work machine in which the work part is arranged at the rear part of the vehicle body.

  A conventional mid-mount agricultural work machine is described in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2014-000051 A

  In the conventional mid-mount agricultural work machine, the vehicle body and the working part cannot be attached and detached afterwards. For this reason, the user has to purchase a plurality of agricultural work machines that perform different operations individually. In order to reduce such an economic burden on the user, for example, the vehicle body and the working unit are configured to be detachable, so that a plurality of working units can be used for one vehicle body. Conceivable.

  However, in the agricultural working machine, it is necessary to change the height of the working unit when working on the field and when moving the vehicle body before or after the work. For this reason, the agricultural working machine is provided with a swing arm that swings the working unit up and down. The length of the swing arm varies depending on the type of the working unit.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a mid-mount agricultural work that can be used by replacing a plurality of working parts having different swing arm lengths with respect to one vehicle body. The purpose is to provide a machine.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a first invention of the present application is an agricultural work machine, and includes a vehicle body having a front wheel and a rear wheel, and a working unit disposed between the front wheel and the rear wheel. The working unit includes a swing arm that can swing a front end up and down with respect to a rear end, and a work unit main body connected to the front end of the swing arm. a vehicle body side connecting portion connected to the rear end, between said front end and said rear end, have a, a lifting mechanism which gives the vertical displacement to the swing arm relative to the vehicle body, unitized The said working part made is attached so that attachment or detachment is possible .

2nd invention of this application is an agricultural working machine of 1st invention, Comprising: The said swing arm has the arm side connection part provided in the said rear end, The said arm side is provided with respect to the said vehicle body side connection part. The arm side connecting portion is locked to the vehicle body side connecting portion by moving the connecting portion while moving horizontally .

  A third invention of the present application is the agricultural work machine according to the first invention or the second invention, wherein the vehicle body further includes a frame extending in the front-rear direction between the front wheel and the rear wheel, The portion has a protruding portion that protrudes upward from the lower surface of the frame, and the protruding portion can be folded downward from the lower surface of the frame, slid, or removed from the working portion.

  4th invention of this application is the agricultural working machine of 3rd invention, Comprising: The said working part is a transplant unit which transplants a seedling to a farm field, The said protrusion part is a seedling mounting which mounts the seedling before transplanting It is the upper part of the stand.

  5th invention of this application is an agricultural working machine in any one of 1st invention thru | or 4th invention, Comprising: It further has the caster attached to the bottom part of the said working part main body.

  6th invention of this application is an agricultural working machine in any one of 1st invention thru | or 5th invention, Comprising: The said vehicle body side connection part is the upper side or the fixed axis | shaft provided in the said rear end of the said swing arm. It has a hook that locks from below.

  A seventh invention of the present application is the agricultural work machine according to any one of the first to sixth inventions, wherein the vehicle body includes a power source, a vehicle body side drive shaft that is rotated by power obtained from the power source, The working unit has a working unit side drive shaft that extends along the swing arm and transmits power to the working unit main body, and the vehicle body side drive shaft and the working unit side drive shaft are It is connected via a one-rotation clutch.

  According to the first to seventh inventions of the present application, a plurality of working portions having different swing arm lengths can be used for one vehicle body.

Further , according to the first invention of the present application, it is not necessary to attach or detach the lifting mechanism to the vehicle body.

  In particular, according to the third invention of the present application, a portion protruding above the lower surface of the frame can be eliminated by folding, sliding, or removing the protruding portion. For this reason, the working part can be attached and detached without lifting the vehicle body.

  In particular, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the horizontal movement of the working part relative to the vehicle body can be easily performed when the working part is attached or detached.

  In particular, according to the sixth invention of the present application, the hook can be locked to the fixed shaft while moving the working portion horizontally.

  In particular, according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the phase relationship between the vehicle body side drive shaft and the working unit side drive shaft can be kept constant. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the rotation timing of the working unit side drive shaft from being shifted with respect to the vehicle body side driving shaft by attaching and detaching the working unit.

It is a side view of an agricultural working machine. It is a perspective view of an agricultural working machine. It is a side view which shows the structure of the connection part vicinity of a swing arm and a vehicle body. It is a side view of the agricultural working machine which attached the caster to the working part. It is a side view of the agricultural working machine at the time of attaching a transplant unit as a working part. It is a side view of the agricultural working machine at the time of attaching a weeding unit as a working part.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present application, the shape and the positional relationship of each part will be described with the direction in which the agricultural working machine travels as the “front-rear direction” and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction as the “left-right direction”.

<1. Overall configuration of agricultural machine>
FIG. 1 is a side view of an agricultural working machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the agricultural working machine 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the agricultural working machine 1 includes a vehicle body 10 and a working unit 20 that is detachably attached to the vehicle body 10. The vehicle body 10 is a tractor that carries an operator and moves on the field using the front wheels 11 and the rear wheels 12. The working unit 20 is disposed between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 12. That is, the agricultural working machine 1 is a so-called mid-mount working machine in which the working unit 20 is disposed between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 12 of the vehicle body 10. For the working unit 20, a transplant unit 20A and a weeding unit 20B, which will be described later, can be used interchangeably.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle body 10 includes one front wheel 11, two rear wheels 12, a vehicle body frame 13, an engine 14, an operation unit 15, a driver seat 16, and an elevating mechanism 17.

  The front wheel 11 is disposed at the front center of the vehicle body 10. The two rear wheels 12 are arranged behind the vehicle body 10 with a gap left and right. The positions of the front wheel 11 and the two rear wheels 12 in the left-right direction are set so as to straddle the seedlings planted in the field. In addition, the vehicle body of the agricultural working machine according to the present invention does not necessarily have one front wheel and two rear wheels. For example, the vehicle body of the agricultural working machine may have two front wheels and two rear wheels.

  The body frame 13 is supported by the front wheels 11 and the two rear wheels 12. The vehicle body frame 13 includes a beam-shaped central frame 131 that extends in the front-rear direction between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 12, and an engine cover 132 that is positioned behind the central frame 131. The engine 14 is housed inside the engine cover 132. The engine 14 is a power source that supplies power to the front wheels 11, the rear wheels 12, and the working unit 20. When the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 12 are rotated by the power from the engine 14, the vehicle body 10 advances in accordance with the rotation.

  The operation unit 15 and the driver seat 16 are provided at the center of the rear part of the vehicle body 10. When the agricultural work machine 1 is used, an operator sits on the driver seat 16 and operates a pedal, a handle, a lever, and the like provided on the operation unit 15. As a result, driving is started and stopped, the traveling direction is switched, and the like. In addition, the driver seat 16 is disposed behind the working unit 20. For this reason, the operator seated on the driver's seat 16 can operate the operation unit 15 while visually confirming the state of the work unit 20.

  The elevating mechanism 17 is a mechanism that applies a vertical displacement to a swing arm 22 described later. In the present embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder having a cylinder body 171 and a piston rod 172 is used for the lifting mechanism 17. The cylinder body 171 is attached to the lower surface of the central frame 131 or the engine cover 132 so as to be able to rotate back and forth. When the engine 14 is started, oil is supplied into the cylinder body 171 from a hydraulic pump (not shown) driven by the engine 14. The piston rod 172 expands and contracts according to the pressure of oil introduced into the cylinder body 171.

  The working unit 20 is detachably attached to the vehicle body 10. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the working unit 20 includes a working unit main body 21 that performs a predetermined work on the farm field, and a swing arm 22 that supports the working unit main body 21. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the working unit main body 21 is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  The swing arm 22 is constituted by a pair of link members 223 extending in parallel in the front-rear direction. A lower end portion of the piston rod 172 of the elevating mechanism 17 is rotatably connected between the front end 221 and the rear end 222 of the swing arm 22. When working on the field, the piston rod 172 of the elevating mechanism 17 is extended based on an instruction from the operation unit 15. Then, the front end 221 of the swing arm 22 descends, and the working unit 20 comes into contact with the farm field. On the other hand, when the vehicle body 10 is moved without performing work, the piston rod 172 of the lifting mechanism 17 is contracted based on an instruction from the operation unit 15. Then, the front end 221 of the swing arm 22 rises and the working unit 20 leaves the ground.

  The working unit main body 21 is connected to the front end 221 of the swing arm 22. In the agricultural work machine 1, the working unit main body 21 and the swing arm 22 are unitized. Then, the unitized working unit 20 can be attached to and detached from the vehicle body 10. For this reason, it is possible to replace and use a plurality of working units 20 having different lengths of the swing arm 22 for one vehicle body 10. As a result, the working unit main body 21 can be raised and lowered with a lifting width corresponding to the type of the working unit 20.

  However, in the present embodiment, the lifting mechanism 17 for swinging the swing arm 22 is provided not on the working unit 20 side but on the vehicle body 10 side. For this reason, it is not necessary to attach / detach the lifting mechanism 17 to / from the vehicle body 10. In this way, it is not necessary to reconnect the hydraulic pump and the cylinder body 171 each time the working unit 20 is replaced. Accordingly, the replacement work of the working unit 20 is facilitated.

  FIG. 3 is a side view showing the structure near the connecting portion between the swing arm 22 and the vehicle body 10. As shown in FIG. 3, an arm side connecting portion 23 is provided at the rear end 222 of the swing arm 22. The vehicle body 10 also has a vehicle body side connecting portion 18 at a position behind the swing arm 22. And these arm side connection parts 23 and the vehicle body side connection part 18 are connected so that attachment or detachment is possible.

  The arm side connecting portion 23 of the present embodiment has an upper fixed shaft 231 and a lower fixed shaft 232 that are arranged vertically. Each of the upper fixed shaft 231 and the lower fixed shaft 232 is a columnar shaft extending horizontally in the left-right direction. On the other hand, the vehicle body side connecting portion 18 has an upper hook 181 and a lower hook 182 that are arranged vertically.

  When attaching the working unit 20 to the vehicle body 10, the upper fixed shaft 231 and the lower fixed shaft 232 are horizontally moved rearward as indicated by the white arrows in FIG. Then, the upper hook 181 is rotated downward by the pressure of the upper fixed shaft 231 or the operation of a separately provided lever (not shown). Thereby, the upper hook 181 is locked to the upper fixed shaft 231 from the upper side. Further, the lower hook 182 is rotated upward by the pressure of the lower fixed shaft 232 or the operation of a separately provided lever. Thereby, the lower hook 182 is locked to the lower fixed shaft 232 from the lower side.

  A toggle clamp mechanism is used for the upper hook 181 and the lower hook 182 of the present embodiment. The hooks 181 and 182 have a structure that is difficult to turn in the reverse direction once locked to the fixed shafts 231 and 232. Thereby, the arm side connection part 23 and the vehicle body side connection part 18 are firmly fixed.

  In addition, the vehicle body side connecting portion 18 includes a drive output portion 183 between the upper hook 181 and the lower hook 182. The drive output unit 183 is provided at the end of the vehicle body side drive shaft 19 that is rotated by power obtained from the engine 14. On the other hand, the arm side connecting portion 23 has a drive input portion 233 between the upper fixed shaft 231 and the lower fixed shaft 232. The drive input unit 233 is provided at the rear end of the working unit side drive shaft 24 extending along the swing arm 22.

  When the vehicle body side connecting portion 18 and the arm side connecting portion 23 are connected, the hooks 181 and 182 are locked to the fixed shafts 231 and 232 described above, and at the same time, as shown by the black arrows in FIG. The output unit 183 and the drive input unit 233 are connected to each other. As a result, the rotational driving force of the vehicle body side drive shaft 19 can be transmitted to the working unit side drive shaft 24. The rotational driving force transmitted to the working unit side drive shaft 24 is used to realize various operations in the working unit main body 21.

  The drive output unit 183 and the drive input unit 233 preferably use a one-rotation clutch mechanism. If the vehicle body side drive shaft 19 and the working unit side drive shaft 24 are connected via a one-rotation clutch mechanism, the phase relationship between the vehicle body side drive shaft 19 and the working unit side drive shaft 24 can be kept constant. . Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the rotation timing of the working unit side drive shaft 24 from being shifted with respect to the vehicle body side driving shaft 19 by attaching and detaching the working unit 20.

  When attaching / detaching the working unit 20, it is preferable to attach a caster 25 having wheels 251 to the bottom of the working unit main body 21 as shown in FIG. 4. If the caster 25 is attached, it becomes easy to move the working unit 20 horizontally. Accordingly, the arm side connecting portion 23 can be moved closer to the vehicle body side connecting portion 18 while being moved horizontally, and the hooks 181 and 182 can be locked to the upper and lower fixed shafts 231 and 232.

<2. Example of attaching a transplant unit as a working unit>
FIG. 5 is a side view of the agricultural working machine 1 when the transplanting unit 20 </ b> A is attached as the working unit 20. This transplant unit 20A is a device that takes out a pot seedling of paddy rice cultivated in the seedling box 90 from the seedling box 90 and transplants it to a paddy field that is a field. The transplant unit 20 </ b> A has a pair of transplant parts 30 disposed on the left and right of the central frame 131. As shown in FIG. 5, each transplant unit 30 includes a seedling mount 31, a plurality of push rods 32, a seedling transport mechanism 33, and a planting unit 34.

  The seedling stage 31 is a slope-like stage on which the seedling box 90 is placed. The operator supplies the seedling box 90 to the transplanting unit 30 by placing the seedling box 90 of the pot seedling 9 before transplanting on the seedling placing table 31. The seedling box 90 placed on the seedling table 31 is conveyed obliquely downward by a conveyance mechanism (not shown) provided on the seedling table 31.

  The plurality of push-out bars 32 are arranged near the lower end of the seedling table 31. The plurality of push-out bars 32 protrude forward from the rear of the seedling stage 31 to push forward the pot seedlings 9 held on the seedling stage 31 one row at a time. The seedling transport mechanism 33 receives a plurality of pot seedlings 9 pushed out from the seedling box 90, and transfers the pot seedlings 9 onto a transport belt (not shown) while reversing the posture of the pot seedlings 9. Then, a conveyance belt conveys the pot seedling 9 horizontally to right and left.

  The planting part 34 has a disk 341 that rotates about a horizontal axis, and a plurality of planting claws 342 that protrude outward from the disk 341. The pot seedling 9 discharged from the conveyor belt is sent downward by a rotating planting claw 342 and planted in a field in an upright posture.

  The seedling stage 31 of the transplant unit 20A is divided into a seedling stage lower part 311 and a seedling stage upper part (projecting part) 312. The seedling stage lower part 311 and the seedling stage upper part 312 are rotatably connected by a hinge 313. For this reason, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5, the seedling stage upper part 312 can be folded downward with the hinge 313 as the center.

  When the seedling stage upper part 312 is opened upward, the seedling stage 31 protrudes above the lower surface of the central frame 131. Thereby, the area which mounts the seedling box 90 can be taken widely. On the other hand, when the seedling stage upper part 312 is folded downward, the entire seedling stage 31 is accommodated below the lower surface of the central frame 131. For this reason, the transplant unit 20 </ b> A can be moved to the left and right on the lower side of the central frame 131 using the casters 25 and the like described above. In this way, the attaching / detaching operation of the transplant unit 20A can be performed without lifting the vehicle body 10.

  In addition, the seedling stage upper part 312 may be slid up and down along the seedling stage lower part 311. Further, the seedling stage upper part 312 may be removed from the seedling stage lower part 311. That is, it is only necessary that the state where the seedling stage upper part 312 protrudes above the lower surface of the central frame 131 can be eliminated by folding, sliding, or removing the seedling stage upper part 312.

<3. Example of attaching a weeding unit as a working unit>
FIG. 6 is a side view of the agricultural working machine 1 when the weeding unit 20 </ b> B is attached as the working unit 20. The weeding unit 20B is a device that removes weeds that grow on paddy fields. As shown in FIG. 6, the weeding unit 20 </ b> B includes a plurality of inter-row rotors 41 and a plurality of swinging teeth 42.

  The plurality of inter-strip rotors 41 are arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction so as to be positioned between the strips of the seedlings planted. A plurality of weeding claws 411 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of each interstitial rotor 41. When performing the weeding work, the inter-row rotor 41 is rotated by the power transmitted from the engine 14 to the weeding unit 20B. At this time, the inter-strip rotor 41 rotates forward (in the same direction as the front wheels 11 and the rear wheels 12 when moving forward) around a rotating shaft extending horizontally and horizontally. Then, the weeding claws 411 of the inter-row rotor 41 come into contact with the soil surface of the inter-row to scrape the weeds that grow between the inter-row fields from the soil. The scraped weeds may then be picked up or left alone.

  The plurality of swinging teeth 42 is a mechanism for weeding between the stocks of the seedlings planted. As shown in FIG. 6, each swing tooth 42 is formed of a wire-like member. Each swinging tooth 42 has an action part 421 that contacts the soil. The action part 421 extends rearward while meandering up and down. When performing the weeding work, the swinging teeth 42 swing left and right by the power transmitted from the engine 14 to the weeding unit 20B. Then, the action part 421 of each rocking tooth 42 scrapes out the weeds grown around the seedlings by contacting the soil surface between the strains. The scraped weeds may then be picked up or left alone.

  The entire weeding unit 20 </ b> B of the present embodiment is located below the lower surface of the central frame 131. Therefore, if the caster 25 as shown in FIG. 4 is attached, the weeding unit 20B can be easily moved horizontally from side to side. Therefore, the attachment / detachment operation of the weeding unit 20B can be performed without lifting the vehicle body 10. However, when the weeding unit 20B has a protruding portion that protrudes upward from the lower surface of the central frame 131, the protruding portion can be folded, slid, or removed downward from the lower surface of the central frame 131. You may do it.

<4. Modification>
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the transplanting unit for paddy rice and the weeding unit for paddy field are replaced in one vehicle body has been described. However, the working unit attached to and detached from the vehicle body may be a device that performs other work such as a transplanting unit for transplanting vegetable seedlings to a field or a seeding unit for sowing seeds in a field.

  Moreover, in said embodiment, the agricultural working machine had two sets of the fixed shaft and the hook latched on it up and down. However, the number of fixed shafts and hooks may be one set or three or more. In the above embodiment, the hook provided on the vehicle body side is locked to the fixed shaft provided on the swing arm side. However, a fixed shaft may be provided on the vehicle body side and a hook may be provided on the swing arm side.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, an elevating mechanism that applies a vertical displacement to the swing arm is provided on the vehicle body side. However, the lifting mechanism may be included in a part of the unit of the working unit so that the lifting mechanism and the vehicle body can be attached and detached.

  Moreover, about the detailed structure of the agricultural working machine, you may differ from the shape shown by each figure of this application. Moreover, you may combine suitably each element which appeared in said embodiment and modification in the range which does not produce inconsistency.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Agricultural working machine 9 Pot seedling 10 Car body 11 Front wheel 12 Rear wheel 13 Car body frame 14 Engine 15 Operation part 16 Driver's seat 17 Lifting mechanism 18 Car body side connection part 19 Car body side drive shaft 20 Working part 20A Transplant unit 20B Weeding unit 21 Work Main body 22 Swing arm 23 Arm side connecting part 24 Working part side drive shaft 25 Caster 30 Transplanting part 31 Seedling stage 32 Pushing bar 33 Seedling transport mechanism 34 Planting part 41 Intersection rotor 42 Swing tooth 90 Seedling box 131 Central frame 132 Engine cover 171 Cylinder body 172 Piston rod 181 Upper hook 182 Lower hook 183 Drive output unit 231 Upper fixed shaft 232 Lower fixed shaft 233 Drive input unit 311 Seedling stand lower part 312 Seed stand stand upper part

Claims (7)

A vehicle body having front and rear wheels;
A working unit disposed between the front wheel and the rear wheel;
With
The working unit is
A swing arm capable of swinging the front end up and down with respect to the rear end;
A working unit body connected to the front end of the swing arm;
Have
The vehicle body is
A vehicle body side connecting portion connected to the rear end of the swing arm ;
An elevating mechanism that gives a vertical displacement to the swing arm between the rear end and the front end;
I have a,
An agricultural work machine in which the unitized working section is detachably attached to the vehicle body . The agricultural working machine according to claim 1,
The swing arm has an arm side connecting portion provided at the rear end,
An agricultural work machine in which the arm side connecting portion is locked to the vehicle body side connecting portion by moving the arm side connecting portion toward the vehicle body side connecting portion while moving horizontally. Agricultural working machine according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The vehicle body is
A frame extending in the front-rear direction between the front wheel and the rear wheel;
The working unit is
Having a protruding portion protruding above the lower surface of the frame;
The agricultural working machine, wherein the projecting part is foldable downward from the lower surface of the frame, slides, or is removable from the working part. Agricultural working machine according to claim 3,
The working unit is a transplant unit for transplanting seedlings in a field,
The said protrusion part is an agricultural working machine which is the upper part of the seedling mounting stand which mounts the seedling before transplanting. An agricultural work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An agricultural working machine further comprising a caster attached to a bottom of the working unit main body. An agricultural work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The vehicle body side connecting portion is
An agricultural working machine having a hook for locking a fixed shaft provided at the rear end of the swing arm from above or below. The agricultural working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The vehicle body is
Power source,
A vehicle body side drive shaft that rotates by power obtained from the power source;
Have
The working unit is
The working unit side drive shaft that extends along the swing arm and transmits power to the working unit main body,
An agricultural work machine in which the vehicle body side drive shaft and the working unit side drive shaft are connected via a one-rotation clutch.

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