JP6230207B1 - Soundproof structure of apartment house and apartment house - Google Patents

Abstract

A soundproof structure for an apartment house, which can be applied to the upper surface of a floor slab and has a predetermined soundproof performance. A soundproof structure S for an apartment house. The soundproof structure S of the apartment house includes a first structure 10 including a first floor 11, a first wall 12, and a first ceiling 13; a first floor of the first structure 10 11, a vacuum soundproof layer 50 applied to substantially the entire surface of the first wall 12 and the first ceiling 13, and a vacuum soundproof layer 50 containing vacuum ceramic particles 500. The vacuum ceramic particles 500 are preferably manufactured by a mechanofusion method in view of strength. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a soundproof structure for an apartment house that enables a 24-hour performance of a musical instrument with a large volume, such as a grand piano or a wind instrument.

  Conventionally, there are soundproof apartments with a double structure that allow musical instruments to be played in apartment houses. The soundproofing performance of double soundproof apartments is generally sound insulation grade Dr-60 to Dr-70, and especially at night when the background noise is low, performance sound leaks to adjacent dwelling units, so the sound quality is greatly improved. Severe measures have been taken, such as compulsory silencers and prohibition of performance. For this reason, 24-hour performance of musical instruments with high volume such as grand pianos and wind instruments has been virtually impossible.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a noise prevention coating method in which foamed resin (foamed urethane) having different sound absorption characteristics and a synthetic resin (synthetic rubber or soft resin such as vinyl chloride) are combined and sprayed on the housing.

JP-A-6-1117030

  However, in the noise prevention coating method of Patent Document 1, since a material having a small strength such as foamed urethane is sprayed on the housing, it cannot be sprayed on the upper surface of the floor slab on which the floor material is placed, and a sound is generated. There was a problem that it propagated directly from the upper surface of the floor to the enclosure. In addition, since the sound-absorbing material is simply a combination of resins having different characteristics, the sound-absorbing performance is low in the first place, and the sound-insulating performance is not improved so much.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a soundproof structure for an apartment house that can be applied to the entire surface of the housing including the upper surface of the floor slab and has a predetermined soundproof performance. More specifically, the conventional structure / construction method has the following problems.

  In other words, the sound insulation performance of the conventional double sound insulation structure is the sound insulation grade Dr-60 to Dr-70, and at night when the background noise is low, the performance sound of the grand piano or wind instrument can be heard in the adjacent dwelling unit. End up. Then, since there is a possibility of disturbing the sleep at night, strict disposal such as compulsory silencer and prohibition of playing musical instruments has been taken. Violators were also required to leave the property.

  Further, in the conventional double soundproof structure, a sound having a low frequency range of 500 Hz or less is attenuated by a combination of a sound absorbing material such as glass wool and a back air layer. However, in the mid-high range above 500 Hz, the air in the back air layer propagates the sound on the contrary, and this has a trade-off problem that the sound insulation performance in the mid-high range is degraded. (See FIG. 9).

  In order to further improve the sound insulation performance, a method of widening the back air layer is conceivable, but there is a problem that the larger the air layer, the smaller the effective area of the room (for example, 10 cm on one side of the wall surface). If you try to increase the back air layer, the room will be 20cm narrower on both sides).

  Furthermore, in the conventional double soundproof structure, for example, a thick super hard / high-strength gypsum board, etc., is laminated up to about triple, but the sound insulation performance is at most about the sound insulation grade Dr-75, and more However, even if the boards were stacked, the sound insulation performance could hardly be improved, and the sound insulation performance was at the limit.

  In addition, each time the gypsum board is overlaid, the wall thickness on one side is increased by at least 9.5 mm, which has the disadvantage that the indoor width is reduced by 19 mm (9.5 mm × 2) or more. .

  In addition, it is necessary to stretch a large amount of heavy boards on the ceiling or wall, so a great deal of labor has been put on the transportation and construction site, and it is not possible to overpile further. In the past construction methods, it was practically impossible to expect further performance improvements.

  On the other hand, in the construction method using a vacuum insulation panel, if a hole is made in the panel with a nail or the like, the vacuum state of the entire part containing the vacuum insulation material is destroyed, and the soundproofing performance and the insulation performance become zero. There was a drawback.

  Also, in the construction method using vacuum insulation panels, the periphery of the board that does not contain vacuum insulation material is not evacuated, and sound leaks from this missing part, and the gap between the board and board joints Since no vacuum can be made, it was impossible to provide a complete vacuum soundproof layer without seams.

  Furthermore, in the conventional soundproof structure, in the case of a music room, music hall, studio, soundproof room, etc. that plays an instrument that emits a heavy bass such as a drum, in order to attenuate the heavy bass, The rear air layer of 300 mm or more is required, and the indoor space is very narrow.

  On the other hand, in Japanese Patent No. 579138 (soundproof structure of an apartment house), the soundproofing performance of the boundary wall between adjacent doors and the boundary floor between adjacent doors was about 100 dB (500 Hz) by adopting the triple soundproof structure. There was a drawback that the thickness of the boundary wall was required to be 660 mm and the room was narrowed.

  To achieve the above object, a soundproof structure for an apartment house according to the present invention includes a first structure including a first floor, a first wall, and a first ceiling; A vacuum soundproof layer applied to substantially the entire surface of the first floor, the first wall, and the first ceiling of the structure, the vacuum soundproof layer containing vacuum ceramic particles.

  Thus, the soundproof structure of the apartment house of the present invention includes the first structure including the first floor, the first wall, and the first ceiling; the first structure of the first structure A vacuum soundproof layer applied to substantially the entire surface of the floor, the first wall, and the first ceiling, the vacuum soundproof layer containing vacuum ceramic particles. Thus, since the vacuum soundproof layer can be made extremely thin by using a high-strength vacuum soundproof layer containing vacuum ceramic particles, it can be applied to the entire housing including the upper surface of the floor slab, and a predetermined It becomes a soundproof structure of an apartment house with soundproofing performance.

It is sectional drawing explaining the whole structure of the soundproof structure of the apartment house of an Example. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the joint between the boards of a 2nd structure. It is a perspective view of a frame structure. It is an expanded sectional view of a vacuum soundproof layer. It is an expanded sectional view of vacuum ceramic particles. It is an enlarged photograph of a vacuum soundproof layer. (A) is applied once (coating thickness of about 0.10 to 0.13 mm), (b) is applied twice (coating thickness of about 0.20 to 0.26 mm), and (c) is Three coats (coating thickness of about 0.30 to 0.39 mm). It is a table | surface of the sound insulation performance in the vacuum soundproof layer by vacuum ceramic particle application | coating. It is a table | surface of the sound insulation performance according to frequency. It is a graph explaining the sound absorption rate for every frequency. It is a photograph of the coated surface. It is an enlarged photograph of the coated surface by a microscope.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(overall structure)
First, the overall configuration of the soundproof structure S for an apartment house of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the soundproof structure S of an apartment house has a double structure including a first structure 10 and a second structure 20 constructed in the first structure 10. That is, the soundproof structure S of the apartment house of the present embodiment is a system in which the noise generated in the room is primarily caused by the “floating frame structure” that is completely in contact with the frame without contacting the concrete frame of the building. It is shielded by gypsum board, etc. that are stacked in layers, and an air layer is provided between the housing and the floating frame structure. By combining this air layer and glass wool, the gypsum board that is secondarily transmitted through the gypsum board is mainly heavy. Attenuates sound energy at frequencies in the range. And the soundproof structure S of the apartment house of a present Example further has the vacuum soundproof layer 50 apply | coated to the substantially whole surface of the 1st floor 11, the 1st wall 12, and the 1st ceiling 13 of the 1st structure 10. I have.

  The first structure 10 includes a first floor 11, a first wall 12, and a first ceiling 13, each of which is a concrete frame. The thickness of the first floor 11, the first wall 12, and the first ceiling 13 is preferably about 180 mm. In addition, since the 1st structure 10 is a normal concrete frame structure, description is abbreviate | omitted. For example, the first floor 11 of the third-floor dwelling unit corresponds to the first ceiling 13 of the second-floor dwelling unit.

  The vacuum soundproof layer 50 has a thin mixed paint composed of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 and the binder 501 on substantially the entire surface of the first floor 11, the first wall 12, and the first ceiling 13 of the first structure 10. It is constituted by being applied. That is, the vacuum soundproof layer 50 is a completely seamless (seamless) soundproof layer applied to the building frame. In this way, the paint in which the vacuum ceramic particles 500 and the binder (dispersant) 501 are mixed in the floor 11, the wall 12, the ceiling 13, the beam, and the opening of the building concrete frame are mixed at least twice, preferably 3 times. By applying the coating times (to form a complete vacuum layer), a coating film “vacuum soundproof layer” of 0.2 mm or more is formed, and the sound energy is cut off over the entire frequency range from the low frequency range to the high frequency range. .

  The second structure 20 includes a second floor 21 having an anti-vibration structure constructed on the first floor 11 and a second structure constructed completely separated from the first wall 12 in the first wall 12. Wall 22 and a second ceiling 23 constructed completely separated from the first ceiling 13 below the first ceiling 13.

  The second wall 22 and the second ceiling 23 are composed of a plurality of gypsum boards 22a and 23a having sound absorbing members 22b and 23b such as glass wool attached on the back, and are on the second floor 21 made of floating floor concrete. It is attached to the frame structure 40 to be installed. In other words, the second wall 22 and the second ceiling 23 of the second structure 20 of the present embodiment are completely separated without contacting the first structure 10. The gypsum boards 22a and 23a are preferably configured by bonding a plurality of sheets having different thicknesses and densities in order to reduce the influence of the coincidence effect of one sheet. The gypsum boards 22a and 23a are attached to the frame structure 40 via construction steel base materials (light steel wall base, light steel ceiling base, studs), respectively.

  The second floor 21 includes a sound absorbing member 21c laid on the first floor 11, a floating floor concrete 21b placed on the sound absorbing member 21c via a waterproof sheet, and a floor laid on the floating floor concrete 21b. And a material 21a. As the sound absorbing member 21c, a glass wool board obtained by processing glass wool into a board shape can be used. Multiple glass wool boards can be laid. The thickness of the floating floor concrete 21b is preferably about 100 mm.

  And in the soundproof structure S of the apartment house of a present Example, in order to double the improvement of sound insulation performance, it can be set as the double vacuum soundproof structure which provided the double vacuum soundproof layer. In this case, the mixed paint containing the vacuum ceramic particles 500 is applied to the gaps between the plurality of boards as the second wall 22 and / or the gaps between the plurality of boards as the second ceiling 23. . That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the soundproof structure S of the apartment house includes a fiber tape 33 attached to connect the boards 31 and 32 on both sides at the joint of the first board 31 and the second board 32. And an undercoat 34 applied on the fiber tape 33, a vacuum soundproof layer 35 (50) applied on the undercoat 34, and a topcoat 36 applied on the vacuum soundproof layer 35. Further, although not shown, a mixed paint containing vacuum ceramic particles is also applied between the floor material 21a and the floating floor concrete 21b.

(Frame structure)
Next, the configuration of the frame structure 40 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the frame structure 40 is mainly formed of a lightweight steel frame having a square cross section to form a floor member 41,... Constituting a floor, and a column member 42 erected on the floor member 41. ,..., And ceiling members 43 that connect the upper ends of the column members 42,. A floor member 41 and a column member 42 are disposed at a position of the opening where the door and the sash are disposed so as to surround the opening. Further, reinforcing plates 44,... Are attached to the joint portions of the members at the corner portions, and the rigidity of the entire first frame structure 40A is enhanced. For example, a steel square pipe 50 × 50 × 3.2 can be used as the cross-sectional dimension of each member 41, 42, 43. However, when the span is long, 75 × 75 × 3.2 is used. Is preferred. The reinforcing plate 44 may be a 3.2 mm steel plate. The frame structure 40 is transported to the site in a state where each member is cut to a desired size, and assembled (constructed) by welding or bolts or the like at the site.

(Structure of vacuum soundproof layer)
As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, the vacuum soundproof layer 50 is formed on the surface of the first floor 11 (first wall 12 or first ceiling 13), which is a base material, with vacuum ceramic particles 500 and a binder 501. A first layer 51, a second layer 52, and a third layer 53, which are configured by applying a mixed paint containing As will be described later, the coating method is not particularly limited, and a layer having a predetermined thickness can be formed in a single step.

  As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, each vacuum ceramic particle 500 includes a substantially spherical spherical shell portion 500a that forms a surface, and a vacuum vacuum portion 500b that is formed inside the spherical shell portion 500a. ing. Here, the shape of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 is not limited to a spherical shape, and may be any shape as long as it has a vacuum part 500b inside. Furthermore, the outer diameters of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 are not uniform for each particle.

  In the mixed paint (in which the vacuum ceramic particles 500 and the binder 501 are stirred so as to be uniform), the upper limit of the content of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 is about 40 percent in volume percentage considering the adhesion of the coating film. Yes. For this reason, when the number of times of application is one time, the entire surface area of the surface to be coated cannot be covered with the coating film of the vacuum ceramic particles 500, and sound passes from the binder 501 portion. It is difficult to exhibit sound insulation performance.

  Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, when the content of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 is 40% by volume, most of the surface area of the surface to be coated is applied by at least twice coating. By this, it becomes possible to cover without gaps, and sufficient sound insulation performance can be exhibited. The sound insulation performance is proportional to the content of the vacuum ceramic particles 500. Although the sound insulation performance improves with the increase in the number of paintings, the sound insulation performance hardly increases as compared with the third painting even if the number of paintings is increased to 4 times or more. In terms of the thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer (coating layer) 50, the thickness of the vacuum soundproofing layer 50 is set to 0.1 when considering that the coating thickness maintenance by brush coating is 0.10 mm to 0.13 mm per time. If it is 20 mm or more, it can be said that a predetermined sound insulation performance can be obtained. In consideration of economy and the like, the number of times of coating is preferably 2 to 3 times, and most preferably 3 times. That is, the thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer 50 is preferably 0.20 mm or more and 0.39 mm or less, and most preferably 0.30 mm or more and 0.39 mm or less.

  Here, it is preferable to use a paint for concrete coating or the like that does not deteriorate the coating strength over a long period of time for the binder 501 to be prepared for applying the vacuum ceramic particles 500. Silicone resin, urethane resin, water-based paint, and the like may be used, but oily paints with a strong odor are not so preferable because they are used indoors. The binder 501 is preferably transparent so that it can be determined whether or not the vacuum ceramic particles 500 are uniformly dispersed and applied (it is not necessary to be white since it is not exposed to sunlight after construction). In the sound insulation performance test, a transparent color of “Polybest Topcoat” (registered trademark), which is a water-based urethane resin manufactured by Dainippon Paint Co., Ltd., was used as the binder 501.

  As a method for applying the mixed paint in which the vacuum ceramic particles 500 and the binder 501 are mixed, methods such as brush coating, roller coating, spraying with an airless gun or a hot air gun can be employed. After the base of the casing is adjusted, the coating strength of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 can be stably maintained over a long period of time by applying a base treatment agent such as a primer as an undercoat.

  The soundproofing performance can be improved by increasing the mixed concentration of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 and the thickness of the coating film, but as described above, the performance is hardly improved even when the coating thickness is 0.4 mm or more. Even when a coating film having a thickness of about 1.0 mm (corresponding to 8 coatings by brush coating) was used, the sound insulation performance was only about 6 dB on one side. This is considered to be because the vacuum ceramic particles 500 were already covered with no gaps by coating three times (coating film 0.30 to 0.39 mm).

  The vacuum ceramic particle 500 has a coating thickness of about 0.10 to 0.13 mm by one coating, and the particle surface needs to be arranged without being exposed from the coating film. Below, it is preferable to use a thing with high compressive strength. When the particle size is 100 μm or more, the surface of the spherical shell portion (balloon) 500a of the vacuum ceramic particle 500 is exposed from the surface of the coating film, and the balloon 500a of the vacuum ceramic particle 500 due to strong contact, friction, or stepping. This is because it is easily destroyed. If the balloon 500a is destroyed, the vacuum of the ceramic particles 500 is lost forever, and the soundproofing performance of the vacuum soundproof layer in the broken part is lowered. When the vacuum ceramic particles 500 of 100 μm or more are unavoidably used, it is necessary to protect the balloon 500a of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 from being exposed from the coating film by applying a coating film protective coating as an overcoat.

  The optimum mixing concentration of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 has an upper limit of 40 percent of the paint capacity in the volume ratio. This is because the higher the concentration of the vacuum ceramic particles, the better the soundproofing performance, but when the volume ratio is mixed by 40% or more, the adhesion strength of the coating film decreases. The mixing ratio of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 varies depending on the adhesion strength of the binder 501 to be used, but the proper range is 20% or more and 40% or less by volume ratio. When the binder 501 having high adhesion strength to concrete is used, the mixing ratio of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 can be increased to about 40%, but when using the binder 501 having low adhesion strength to concrete, vacuum ceramics is used. The mixing ratio of the particles 500 is limited to about 20 percent. In addition, since the sound insulation performance increases as the mixing ratio of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 increases, the mixing ratio of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 is preferably as high as necessary adhesion strength is obtained, for example, 30% to 40%. Is preferred. The required adhesion strength here means that the vacuum soundproof layer 50 of this embodiment cannot be maintained inside the wall surface, and therefore it is necessary that the performance does not deteriorate for at least 30 years (the coating film does not peel off).

  The upper surface of the floor slab is the same as the binder 501 used for blending with the coating film protective paint (vacuum ceramic particles 500) for the top coat because there is a possibility that the installer etc. will walk during the period until the floor finish 21a is finished. The vacuum soundproof layer 50 on the floor surface can be protected by applying a material.

  By avoiding applying the vacuum ceramic particles 500 to the outdoor side / common hallway side of the building concrete frame, a sound energy escape path is created, and the sound energy that partially penetrates the enclosure by breaking through the vacuum soundproof layer 50. By releasing the vacuum ceramic particles 500 from the non-painted surface (outer wall side / common corridor side), it is possible to prevent the sound from re-entering into the adjacent dwelling unit.

  The materials and dimensions shown here are merely examples, and other members having vacuum performance and soundproof performance can be used. The vacuum soundproof layer can also be applied to double soundproof structures such as suspended ceilings and double floors that do not use general structures or floating frame structures.

(Action / Effect)
Next, actions and effects provided by the soundproof structure S of the apartment house of this embodiment will be listed and described.

(1) As described above, the soundproof structure S of the apartment house includes the first structure 10 including the first floor 11, the first wall 12, and the first ceiling 13; A vacuum soundproof layer 50 applied to substantially the entire surface of the first floor 11, the first wall 12, and the first ceiling 13 of the first structure 10, wherein the vacuum soundproof layer 50 contains vacuum ceramic particles 500; It has. Thus, since the vacuum soundproof layer 50 can be made extremely thin by using the high-strength vacuum soundproof layer 50 containing the vacuum ceramic particles 500, it can be applied to the entire housing including the upper surface of the floor slab, And it becomes the soundproof structure S of the apartment house provided with predetermined soundproof performance.

  That is, in the soundproof structure S of an apartment house of the present embodiment, the vacuum soundproof layer 50 coated with the vacuum ceramic particles 500 is newly provided without increasing the thickness of the wall, the height of the interior of the ceiling, or the like. Improve the performance by more than 10 dB over Dr-75, which is the upper limit of the sound insulation performance of the double soundproof structure (difference in the spatial sound pressure level between the adjacent floor and the adjacent walls). It becomes possible to improve to Dr-85. Therefore, even at night when the background noise is low, it is possible to perform 24-hour performance of musical instruments that emit a large volume, such as grand pianos and wind instruments. (Full soundproofing of the performance sound of a home grand piano with a maximum length of 2.2 m or less that can be carried by an elevator can be achieved. However, this excludes percussion instruments that emit large vibrations such as drums and drums.)

  In addition, in order to form a strong coating film with a thickness of 0.2 mm or more, by uniformly applying the thickness to the wall slab, floor slab (upper surface and lower surface), beams, etc. of the concrete frame, Since the coating film can be completely integrated, a completely seamless (seamless) vacuum soundproof layer 50 (a structure like a thermos) can be provided.

  For example, when 0.3 to 0.39 mm of vacuum ceramic particles 500 is applied to one side of a wall slab, floor slab, etc., the sound insulation performance of the adjacent floor and the adjacent walls increases by about 5 dB. Therefore, by applying vacuum ceramic particles 500 on both sides of wall slabs and floor slabs (upper surface and lower surface) 0.3 to 0.39 mm or more, the sound insulation performance is doubled, and the boundary floor between adjacent doors and between adjacent doors. The sound insulation performance of the wall is increased by about 10 dB. That is, by adding a sound insulation performance of approximately 10 dB by the vacuum soundproof layer to the sound insulation performance Dr-75 by the sound insulation performance of the 180 mm reinforced concrete frame and the floating frame structure, it is possible to achieve Dr-85 in the sound insulation performance in the design performance. . Here, it is sufficient that the vacuum soundproof layer has a maximum coating thickness of about 0.4 mm, and the sound insulation performance is greatly improved (10 dB: sound without substantially increasing the wall thickness, that is, without substantially reducing the effective area of the room). Energy can be reduced by about one third). That is, conventionally, in order to increase the soundproofing performance of a 180 mm concrete wall by 10 dB with a single concrete wall, a wall thickness of 720 mm (increased in thickness of 540 mm) was required, but in the present invention, the wall thickness is only 0. Since the thickness of the back air layer only needs to be reduced by 0.4 mm on one side, the sound insulation performance can be improved without increasing the wall thickness or the height inside the ceiling. As described above, the lowering of the sound insulation performance in the mid-high range due to the sound propagation by the air in the back air layer, which has been a drawback of the conventional double sound insulation structure, is complemented by the sound energy cut-off by the vacuum sound insulation layer 50, and High sound insulation performance will be demonstrated even in the area.

(2) By using the vacuum ceramic particles 500 manufactured by the mechano-fusion method, the particle wall is uniform and true spherical, and does not concentrate on a portion where the stress is thin, so that sufficient particle strength is achieved. Can be demonstrated. Since the vacuum ceramic particles 500 manufactured by the mechano-fusion method have a particle size of 10 to 100 μm and high compressive strength, they are optimal as ceramic particles for constructing the vacuum soundproof layer 50. If the compressive strength is not high, it can be easily destroyed by contact, friction, and stepping during construction. In addition, since it is applied to the finishing wall material or the casing inside the ceiling, maintenance is basically impossible, and it is desired to maintain the vacuum performance over a long period of time, so high compression strength is required. In addition, as the vacuum ceramic particles 500, high-performance nanoporous ceramic particles (particle size 100 nm) can also be used.

(3) Since the thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer 50 is equal to or larger than the maximum particle diameter of the vacuum ceramic particles 500, the vacuum ceramic particles 500 are formed inside the coating film thickness of 0.10 to 0.13 mm by one coating. Since it is buried and not exposed from the surface of the coating film, there is less possibility that the balloon of the vacuum ceramic particle 500 is broken by contact or friction.

(4) When the thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer 50 is less than the maximum particle diameter of the vacuum ceramic particles 500, a coating film protective paint is further applied on the vacuum soundproof layer 50, whereby the vacuum ceramic particles 500 Can be protected from being exposed from the coating.

(5) The thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer 50 is 0.20 mm or more and 0.39 mm or less when the content of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 in the mixed paint of the vacuum ceramic particles 500 and the binder 501 is 40 percent by volume. By doing so, it is possible to efficiently prevent sound. That is, when the thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer 50 is less than 0.20 mm, the entire surface to be coated cannot be covered with the vacuum ceramic particles 500. Moreover, even if the thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer 50 exceeds 0.39 mm, the soundproof performance is not improved. Thus, the thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer 50 is preferably 0.20 mm or more and 0.39 mm or less.

(6) The second structure 20 constructed inside the first structure 10 and the vacuum soundproof layer 50, and has the floating floor concrete 21b placed on the first floor 11 via the sound absorbing member 21c. A second structure 20 including a second floor 21 and a second wall 22 and a second ceiling 23 attached to a frame structure 40 installed on the floating floor concrete 21b is further provided. . Thus, a higher soundproofing performance can be obtained by the combination of the frame structure 40 and the vacuum soundproofing layer 50.

(7) A plurality of boards are attached to the frame structure 40 as the second wall 22 and / or the second ceiling 23, and the vacuum ceramic particles 500 and the binder 501 are further mixed in the gaps between the plurality of boards. Paint is applied. According to such a configuration, it is possible to further improve the sound insulation performance (double vacuum soundproof structure). In addition to the frame, the paint is a mixture of vacuum ceramic particles and binder between the wall material and wall material of the floating frame structure built inside the frame, between the floating floor concrete and floor material, and between the ceiling material and ceiling material. By constructing a vacuum soundproof layer coated with, a double vacuum soundproof layer is constructed and the sound insulation performance is doubled. In this case, the sound insulation performance of the adjacent door boundary wall and the adjacent door boundary floor can achieve a design performance of 100 dB (500 Hz) with a vacuum soundproof layer of 0.3 to 0.39 mm. Conventionally, in order to achieve a sound insulation grade of Dr-85 or higher that enables performance of musical instruments that emit loud sounds and vibrations such as drums and brass instruments in an apartment house, a thick wall using a triple soundproof structure or the like A soundproofing work in which a thick or thick underfloor or ceiling, or a back air layer exceeding 300 mm is provided between the frame and the wall is required. On the other hand, by adopting the double vacuum soundproof structure of the present invention, even a double soundproof structure having a door wall thickness of 440 mm or less, performance of a musical instrument that produces a large volume or vibration such as a drum or brass instrument. Is possible. Furthermore, by adopting a double vacuum soundproof structure, the wall thickness of the doorway can be suppressed to 440 mm or less, and the indoor space can be expanded by 220 mm or more than the conventional construction method, and a third structure is required. Since it is eliminated, the construction period can be shortened and the cost can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional structure.

(8) By providing all the dwelling units with the soundproof structure S of the apartment house described in any of the above, providing the dwelling space having high soundproof performance for all the dwelling units as described above. it can.

  Next, the sound insulation performance in the vacuum soundproof layer by applying the vacuum ceramic particles will be described with reference to the table of FIG.

(conditions)
A sound level meter was used for sound insulation measurement. An aqueous urethane resin was used as a binder (dispersant) for testing. The mixing ratio of the vacuum ceramic particles was 40% of the paint capacity by volume ratio.

(result)
Even when only the binder (water-based urethane resin) was applied twice, the sound insulation performance was zero. The mixed coating material of vacuum ceramic particles and binder was “brush coating”, and the coating thickness at one time was 0.12 to 0.14 mm. It became about 0.4 mm in the coating film of 3 times coating. Test No. In 1 the data was obtained where the unpainted 96.5 dB was attenuated 10.7 dB to 85.8 dB on both sides coated three times. Test No. In Fig. 3, data was obtained in which the unpainted 96.5 dB was attenuated 10.1 dB to 86.1 dB on both sides of the application three times. The sound insulation performance was not sufficiently exhibited during the time until the coating film was completely cured and dried. It took 72 hours or more to dry until the above sound insulation performance was exhibited. Even in the case of application on one side 8 times (coating film 1 mm), the sound insulation performance was about 5 to 6 dB, and even if the coating film was thickened, the sound insulation performance hardly increased.

  Next, the sound insulation performance for each frequency band in the vacuum soundproof layer by applying the vacuum ceramic particles will be described with reference to the table of FIG.

(conditions)
A sound level meter was used for sound insulation measurement. An aqueous urethane resin was used as a binder (dispersant) for testing. The mixing ratio of the vacuum ceramic particles was 40% of the paint capacity by volume ratio. Measured with the A characteristic of the sound level meter (spatial sound pressure level difference).

(result)
The coating thickness by brush coating was about 0.1 mm to 0.13 mm per time. The sound insulation performance reaches 5.6 dB with 2 coatings, 5.7 dB with 3 coatings, 6 dB with 8 coatings (6 dB with 6 coatings), and coating with a mixture of vacuum ceramic particles and binder In the case of a single film, it was found that only 2 dB of the sound insulation performance can be exhibited by one coating, and by applying the coating twice, it becomes 5.6 dB, and sufficient sound insulation performance is exhibited. Even if the thickness of the coating film was increased, it did not increase to 6 dB or more. The sound insulation performance by the vacuum soundproof layer is, for example, 3 times application x double-sided, it exhibits a sound insulation performance of 6 dB or more in the entire region from the low range to the high range, and the highest sound insulation performance of 10 dB in the middle and high range around 1 KHz band. It was found that In other words, it was found that the vacuum soundproof layer has a high sound insulation performance in all frequency bands from the low sound range to the high sound range, and further exhibits the sound insulation effect most in the middle and high sound ranges.

  Next, with reference to Tables 1 to 3 and FIGS. 10 to 11, a demonstration test in which the soundproof performance is verified by applying the vacuum soundproof layer of the present invention to an actual building will be described.

  In the demonstration test, a sound insulation performance test was conducted by a third party after providing a vacuum soundproof layer by applying vacuum ceramic particles on the concrete surface of the reinforced concrete under construction.

  In the test, a vacuum soundproof layer was formed by applying vacuum ceramic particles with a coating thickness of 0.4 mm to a double-soundproof reinforced concrete frame on the 3rd floor of the building under construction, while there was no same structure on the second floor. As a paint, the sound insulation performance of the 3rd and 2nd floors was compared.

  The measurement method of the air sound insulation performance conforms to JIS A 1417: 2000 “Measurement method of air sound insulation performance of buildings” and the recommended measurement standard of the Architectural Institute of Japan “Measurement method of sound pressure level difference at the building site”. I went. The measurement value was a 1/1 octave band sound pressure level, the sound source was fixed at one point (octave band noise / pink noise sound source) by the fixed microphone method, and the measurement points were 5 points on each of the sound source side and the sound receiving side. For sound insulation measurement, a precision sound level meter (with 1/3 octave analysis function), a real-time analyzer (noise signal generator) and a speaker system were used. A water-based urethane resin was used for the binder. The mixing ratio of the vacuum ceramic particles was 40% of the paint capacity by volume ratio. Other conditions are as described below.

(conditions)
Title: Application test on concrete surface Measurement date: March 20, 2017 Measuring organization: Eurofin Nippon Environmental Co., Ltd. Measurement location: Spatial sound pressure level difference between Western-style room and staircase Hall Measurement conditions: Unpainted location and vacuum ceramic particle application Comparison application method of places: Spray coating with airless gun Binder: Urethane resin coating Base: Concrete base Sealer application Spray location: Only Western-style housing is applied (Stairs hall side is not painted)
Number of sprays: 2 times
Total coating thickness: 0.4mm to 0.6mm

(result)
The results of the demonstration test are shown in Tables 1 to 3 below.

(Discussion)
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, milky white irregularities can be confirmed on the coated surface. Each of the spherical irregularities shown in FIG. 11 is a vacuum ceramic particle, and its particle size is 100 μm or less.

  In the demonstration test, as shown in Tables 1 to 3, test data in a frequency band of 500 Hz or higher was not accurately obtained. The reason is that due to the construction process, work was generated on the day of the test and the background noise was large. However, even in such a situation, it was found that the sound insulation performance is improved by a maximum of 5.5 dB in the 63 Hz to 250 Hz band.

In addition, the following considerations were obtained.
(1) By the demonstration test of the vacuum soundproof layer of the present invention, the sound insulation performance of 1.3 dB to 5.5 dB was improved in the 63 Hz to 250 Hz band.
(2) The most improved performance by the vacuum soundproof layer was in the 125 Hz band, which is the low frequency range, and the 5.5 dB sound insulation performance was improved.
(3) With a coating thickness of 0.4 mm for one vacuum soundproof layer, the sound insulation performance grade D value determined by the Architectural Institute of Japan increased from D-60 equivalent to D-65 equivalent. That is, it can be said that the sound insulation performance has increased by about 5 dB.
(4) With the double soundproof structure according to the past invention, the sound insulation performance in the mid-high range, which is a frequency band of 500 Hz or more, could be easily increased by measures such as stretching heavy boards. However, it has been extremely difficult to improve the sound insulation performance in the low frequency range of the 63 Hz to 250 Hz band. Specifically, in order to increase the sound insulation performance in the low sound range, it has been considered that there is only a method of adopting a double structure or the like and further providing a back air layer of about 100 mm to 300 mm.
(5) On the other hand, in the present invention, the vacuum soundproof layer having a thickness of only 0.4 mm does not increase the back air layer of the double soundproof structure (reduces the effective area of the room), and does not have the existing soundproof structure. It was found that the sound insulation performance in the low frequency range, which is a weak point, can be complemented and the sound insulation performance can be improved efficiently in the entire frequency band.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are not limited to the present invention. included.

S soundproof structure 10 of apartment house 1st structure 11 1st floor 12 1st wall 13 1st ceiling 20 2nd structure 21 2nd floor 22 2nd wall 23 2nd ceiling 31 1st Board 32 Second board 35 Vacuum soundproof layer 40 Frame structure 50 Vacuum soundproof layer 51 First layer 52 Second layer 53 Third layer 500 Vacuum ceramic particles 501 Binder

Claims (7)

Soundproof structure of apartment house;
A first structure comprising a first floor, a first wall, and a first ceiling;
A vacuum soundproof layer applied to substantially the entire surface of the first floor, the first wall, and the first ceiling of the first structure, the vacuum soundproof layer containing vacuum ceramic particles; ,
A second floor constructed inside the first structure and the vacuum soundproof layer, the second floor having floating floor concrete placed on the first floor via a sound absorbing member; and A soundproof structure for an apartment house , further comprising: a second structure including a second wall and a second ceiling attached to a frame structure installed on the floating floor concrete . The soundproof structure for an apartment house according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum ceramic particles have a particle size in a range of 10 to 100 μm .   The soundproof structure for an apartment house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vacuum soundproof layer has a thickness equal to or greater than a maximum particle diameter of the vacuum ceramic particles.   The coating film protective paint is further applied on the vacuum soundproof layer when the thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer is less than the maximum particle diameter of the vacuum ceramic particles. The soundproof structure for an apartment house according to claim 2.   The thickness of the vacuum soundproof layer is set to be 0.20 mm or more and 0.39 mm or less when the content of the vacuum ceramic particles in the mixed paint of the vacuum ceramic particles and the binder is 40% by volume. The soundproof structure for an apartment house according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A plurality of boards are attached to the frame structure as the second wall and / or the second ceiling, and a mixed paint of the vacuum ceramic particles and the binder is further applied to the gaps between the plurality of boards. The soundproof structure for an apartment house according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the soundproof structure is provided. A dwelling house in which all the dwelling units are provided with the soundproof structure for a dwelling house according to any one of claims 1 to 6 .