JP6228314B1 - 3次元積層造形装置、3次元積層造形装置の制御方法および3次元積層造形装置の制御プログラム - Google Patents
3次元積層造形装置、3次元積層造形装置の制御方法および3次元積層造形装置の制御プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/034—Observing the temperature of the workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0037—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the heat emitted by liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J2005/0077—Imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/48—Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means
- G01J5/485—Temperature profile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K2213/00—Temperature mapping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
Description
3次元積層造形物の材料を噴射する材料噴射手段と、
噴射された材料に光線を照射する光線照射手段と、
前記噴射された材料に前記光線を照射することにより形成される溶融池を撮像する撮像手段と、
前記撮像手段が撮像した溶融池の画像の輝度に基づいて、前記溶融池の温度分布を導出する温度導出手段と、
前記光線の走査方向を導出する走査方向判定手段と、
前記輝度および前記走査方向に基づいて、前記溶融池の形状を導出する形状導出手段と、
前記輝度および走査距離に基づいて、前記溶融池の冷却速度を導出する冷却速度導出手段と、
を備える。
3次元積層造形物の材料を噴射する材料噴射ステップと、
噴射された材料に光線を照射する光線照射ステップと、
前記噴射された材料に前記光線を照射することにより形成される溶融池を撮像する撮像ステップと、
前記撮像ステップで撮像した溶融池の画像の輝度に基づいて、前記溶融池の温度を導出する温度導出ステップと、
前記光線の走査方向を導出する走査方向判定ステップと、
前記輝度および前記走査方向に基づいて、前記溶融池の形状を導出する形状導出ステップと、
前記輝度および走査距離に基づいて、前記溶融池の冷却速度を導出する冷却速度導出ステップと、
を含む。
3次元積層造形物の材料を噴射する材料噴射ステップと、
噴射された材料に光線を照射する光線照射ステップと、
前記噴射された材料に前記光線を照射することにより形成される溶融池を撮像する撮像ステップと、
前記撮像ステップで撮像した溶融池の画像の輝度に基づいて、前記溶融池の温度を導出する温度導出ステップと、
前記光線の走査方向を導出する走査方向判定ステップと、
前記輝度および前記走査方向に基づいて、前記溶融池の形状を導出する形状導出ステップと、
前記輝度および走査距離に基づいて、前記溶融池の冷却速度を導出する冷却速度導出ステップと、
をコンピュータに実行させる。
本発明の第1実施形態としての3次元積層造形装置100について、図1を用いて説明する。3次元積層造形装置100は、造形台120に材料130を噴射し、噴射された材料130に光線140を照射して3次元積層造形物を造形する装置である。
次に本発明の第2実施形態に係る3次元積層造形装置200について、図2乃至図5を用いて説明する。図2は、本実施形態に係る3次元積層造形装置200の構成の概略を説明するための図である。
以上、実施形態を参照して本願発明を説明したが、本願発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。本願発明の構成や詳細には、本願発明のスコープ内で当業者が理解し得る様々な変更をすることができる。また、それぞれの実施形態に含まれる別々の特徴を如何様に組み合わせたシステムまたは装置も、本発明の範疇に含まれる。
Claims (6)
- 3次元積層造形物の材料を噴射する材料噴射手段と、
噴射された材料に光線を照射する光線照射手段と、
前記噴射された材料に前記光線を照射することにより形成される溶融池を撮像する撮像手段と、
前記撮像手段が撮像した溶融池の画像の輝度に基づいて、前記溶融池の温度分布を導出する温度導出手段と、
前記光線の走査方向を導出する走査方向判定手段と、
前記輝度および前記走査方向に基づいて、前記溶融池の形状を導出する形状導出手段と、
前記輝度および走査距離に基づいて、前記溶融池の冷却速度を導出する冷却速度導出手段と、
を備える3次元積層造形装置。 - 前記輝度および前記走査方向に基づいて、前記溶融池の前記走査方向に対して垂直な方向の幅を導出する幅導出手段をさらに備える請求項1に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記幅導出手段は、事前に設定した前記輝度の閾値の境界線を用いる請求項2に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記輝度は、前記溶融池からの放射光の輝度である請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 3次元積層造形物の材料を噴射する材料噴射ステップと、
噴射された材料に光線を照射する光線照射ステップと、
前記噴射された材料に前記光線を照射することにより形成される溶融池を撮像する撮像ステップと、
前記撮像ステップで撮像した溶融池の画像の輝度に基づいて、前記溶融池の温度を導出する温度導出ステップと、
前記光線の走査方向を導出する走査方向判定ステップと、
前記輝度および前記走査方向に基づいて、前記溶融池の形状を導出する形状導出ステップと、
前記輝度および走査距離に基づいて、前記溶融池の冷却速度を導出する冷却速度導出ステップと、
を含む3次元積層造形物の造形方法。 - 3次元積層造形物の材料を噴射する材料噴射ステップと、
噴射された材料に光線を照射する光線照射ステップと、
前記噴射された材料に前記光線を照射することにより形成される溶融池を撮像する撮像ステップと、
前記撮像ステップで撮像した溶融池の画像の輝度に基づいて、前記溶融池の温度を導出する温度導出ステップと、
前記光線の走査方向を導出する走査方向判定ステップと、
前記輝度および前記走査方向に基づいて、前記溶融池の形状を導出する形状導出ステップと、
前記輝度および走査距離に基づいて、前記溶融池の冷却速度を導出する冷却速度導出ステップと、
をコンピュータに実行させる3次元積層造形物の造形プログラム。
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CN112566774B (zh) * | 2018-06-13 | 2024-03-29 | 株式会社尼康 | 运算装置、检测系统、造型装置、运算方法、检测方法、造型方法、计算机可读取存储介质 |
US11167375B2 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2021-11-09 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Additive manufacturing processes and additively manufactured products |
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