JP6225399B2 - コアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
コアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6225399B2 JP6225399B2 JP2014048235A JP2014048235A JP6225399B2 JP 6225399 B2 JP6225399 B2 JP 6225399B2 JP 2014048235 A JP2014048235 A JP 2014048235A JP 2014048235 A JP2014048235 A JP 2014048235A JP 6225399 B2 JP6225399 B2 JP 6225399B2
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- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 130
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 title claims description 129
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 110
- -1 silicon alkoxide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000570 polyether Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 6
- IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl malonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002079 double walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 23
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 13
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 5
- XURVRZSODRHRNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-quinodimethane Chemical compound C=C1C=CC=CC1=C XURVRZSODRHRNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CMNUYDSETOTBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-4h-pyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CCC(C(=O)N)=CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CMNUYDSETOTBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010604 Bingel reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005698 Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical group C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004744 butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 125000005921 isopentoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005484 neopentoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 125000005920 sec-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WADSJYLPJPTMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(cycloundecen-1-yl)-1,2-diazacycloundec-2-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCCCCC=C1C1=NNCCCCCCCC1 WADSJYLPJPTMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical class C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical class C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical group C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical class N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKCMADOPPWWGNZ-YUMQZZPRSA-N [(2r)-1-[(2s)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]boronic acid Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1B(O)O FKCMADOPPWWGNZ-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- XGZNHFPFJRZBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCO.CCO.CCO.CCO XGZNHFPFJRZBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UARGAUQGVANXCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].CCO.CCO.CCO.CCO UARGAUQGVANXCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003707 hexyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005935 hexyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005928 isopropyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(OC(*)=O)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical class C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical group C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001148 pentyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
Aは、酸素原子、硫黄原子又は2価の有機基からなる群から選択される1種からなり;
Bは、窒素原子又は3価の芳香族炭化水素基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種からなり;
Cは、酸素原子、硫黄原子又は2価の有機基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種からなり;
Dは、アルコキシ基、エステル基、アミノ基、アミド基、水酸基及びその塩、カルボキシル基及びその塩、メソゲン基、糖鎖、スルファニル基、及びポリエーテル鎖からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む1価の置換基である。]
Aは、酸素原子、硫黄原子又は2価の有機基からなる群から選択される1種からなり;
Bは、窒素原子又は3価の芳香族炭化水素基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種からなり;
Cは、酸素原子、硫黄原子又は2価の有機基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種からなり;
Dは、アルコキシ基、エステル基、アミノ基、アミド基、水酸基及びその塩、カルボキシル基及びその塩、メソゲン基、糖鎖、スルファニル基、及びポリエーテル鎖からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む1価の置換基である。]
Aは、酸素原子、硫黄原子又は2価の有機基からなる群から選択される1種からなり;
Bは、窒素原子又は3価の芳香族炭化水素基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種からなり;
Cは、酸素原子、硫黄原子又は2価の有機基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種からなり;
Dは、アルコキシ基、エステル基、アミノ基、アミド基、水酸基及びその塩、カルボキシル基及びその塩、メソゲン基、糖鎖、スルファニル基、及びポリエーテル鎖からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む1価の置換基である。]
[2.5世代フラロデンドロンC60(G2.5−(CO2K)8)の合成]
ねじ口試験管に単層カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNTs)1mgと1.0mMに調製した2.5世代フラロデンドロンC60(G2.5−(CO2K)8)水溶液10mLとを加えてサンプルを調整し、4時間超音波照射した。その後、30分間3000Gで遠心分離したところ、上澄み液として黒色のカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体分散液を得た。
続いて、上記得られたカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体分散液を透析チューブ(Spectrum Laboratories Inc.社製)に加え、チューブの端をクリップで止めた。それを、イオン交換水300mLの入ったビーカーに加え撹拌した。3時間ごとにイオン交換水を入れ替え3日間透析を行い、カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体を得た。カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体の調製についてのフローチャートを図2に示す。透析の終了については、吸収スペクトルで258nmの吸収の減少が見られなくなった事で判断した。得られた吸収スペクトルを図3に示す。カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体の模式図を図4に、カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体のAFM写真とTEM写真を図5に、カーボンナノチューブのSEM写真とカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体のSEM写真を図6に示す。
25mLのナスフラスコに、上記得られたカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体(5mL)、塩酸水溶液(1M、25μL)を加えて0.3℃で1時間撹拌した。オルトけい酸テトラエチル(テトラエトキシシラン)(1.9M in EtOH、58μL)を加えてナスフラスコに添加して30分間、0.3℃で撹拌した。続いてオルトチタン酸テトラブチル(テトラ−n−ブトキシチタン)(0.2M in EtOH、20μL)をナスフラスコに添加して更に30分間、0.3℃で撹拌することで、コアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料であるカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドを得た。カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドの調製についてのフローチャートを図7に示す。得られたカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッド溶液の吸収スペクトルを図8に示す。800−1350nmにS11遷移に由来する半導体性領域でSWCNTsに特有の吸収が観測できたことから、カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドが安定に分散していることが分かった。カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドのSEM写真を図9に示す。図9のSEM写真から直径約30nmの繊維状構造が確認され、無機化合物からなるシェル層が形成されることで分岐した繊維状のものは観察されなかった。一方、図6のカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体のSEM写真では、分岐した網目構造を有するものが観察されるとともに、シェル層が形成されていないため前記カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体同士が絡み合っていたことが確認された。また、カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドのIRスペクトルにより、Si−O−Ti結合に由来するピークが確認された。これらのことから、カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドは、内側からカーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン及びデンドリマーがこの順番で三層積層されたカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体からなるコア層が形成され、更に前記コア層の外側にSiO2−TiO2複合体である無機化合物からなるシェル層が形成された四層の同軸ケーブル構造であることが分かる。カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドの模式図を図10に示す。また、カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドのIRスペクトルを図11に示す。
[カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッドを用いた光水素発生量の測定]
100mL三角フラスコに下記式で示されるメチルビオロゲン(MV2+)(92.4mg、2.4mM)、下記式で示されるベンジルジヒドロニコチンアミド(BNAH)(38.6mg、1.2mM)、及びイオン交換水20mLを加えた。BNAHは水への溶解性が低いため、Arバブリングをしながら固体の粒が細かくなるまで超音波照射したものを用いた。次いで、光触媒セルに、前記調製した三角フラスコの溶液、カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン/SiO2−TiO2ナノハイブリッド溶液(5mL)、Tris−HCl buffer(3.5mL、pH7.5、5mM)、PVA−Pt(15mL、740μM)、及びイオン交換水(106.5mL)を加えて光触媒測定装置に取り付けた。装置内を真空脱気した後、Arガスを循環系内に封入した。光水素発生量は、キセノンランプ(300W)にUVカットフィルターを装着し、420±5nm以上の光を照射して発生した水素の量を1時間ごとにガスクロマトグラフィーで測定することにより求めた。また、量子収率は、450±5nmの単色光のみを照射し、上記同様に発生した水素の量を1時間ごとにガスクロマトグラフィーで測定することにより求めた。光水素発生量を示すグラフを図12に示す。測定結果としては、光水素発生量が7.4μmol/hであり、量子収率が53%であった。
Claims (8)
- カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、デンドリマー及び無機化合物を含むコアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料であって、
コア層が、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン及びデンドリマーがこの順番で積層された層で形成され、
シェル層が、無機化合物からなる層から形成され、該無機化合物が、ケイ素のアルコキシド及び金属のアルコキシドを用いたゾルゲル反応により得られたシリカと金属酸化物との複合体であることを特徴とするコアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料。 - 前記デンドリマーが、コアユニットと分岐ユニットとからなり、該コアユニットがマロン酸エステル、芳香族炭化水素及び複素芳香環からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物を骨格に有するものであり、該分岐ユニットが下記式(1)で示されるものである請求項1記載のコアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料。
Aは、酸素原子、硫黄原子又は2価の有機基からなる群から選択される1種からなり;
Bは、窒素原子又は3価の芳香族炭化水素基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種からなり;
Cは、酸素原子、硫黄原子又は2価の有機基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種からなり;
Dは、アルコキシ基、エステル基、アミノ基、アミド基、水酸基及びその塩、カルボキシル基及びその塩、メソゲン基、糖鎖、スルファニル基、及びポリエーテル鎖からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む1価の置換基である。] - 前記カーボンナノチューブが、単層カーボンナノチューブ及び二層カーボンナノチューブからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1又は2記載のコアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか記載のコアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料を含む光触媒。
- 請求項4記載の光触媒からなる光水素発生剤。
- 燃料電池用である請求項5記載の光水素発生剤。
- カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、デンドリマー及び無機化合物を含むコアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料の製造方法であって、
(a)フラーレンとデンドリマーとを反応させてフラロデンドロンを得る工程、
(b)前記フラロデンドロンとカーボンナノチューブとを混合することにより、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン及びデンドリマーがこの順番で積層されたカーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体からなるコア層を形成する工程、
(c)前記カーボンナノチューブ/フラロデンドロン複合体に対して、ケイ素のアルコキシドを添加した後に金属のアルコキシドを添加してゾルゲル反応させることにより、シリカと金属酸化物との複合体である無機化合物からなるシェル層を形成する工程、
を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか記載のコアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料の製造方法。 - ケイ素のアルコキシドを添加した後に5分〜48時間経過してから金属のアルコキシドを添加してゾルゲル反応させる請求項7記載のコアシェル型カーボンナノチューブ複合材料の製造方法。
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