JP6223656B2 - Small stream approach prevention method and small stream approach prevention apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a small stream approach prevention method and a small stream that prevent small streams such as drifting objects such as small ships and driftwood from approaching and colliding with a large ship and damaging the large ship. The present invention relates to an approach prevention device.

  For example, when carrying out construction work at sea in conjunction with the construction of power plant-related equipment, large ship heavy machinery is used to reduce environmental impact / impact and construction costs, or to shorten the construction period. ing. However, while navigating or under construction with large marine heavy machinery, drifting objects such as small boats and driftwood may be in danger of approaching large boats by mistake or for some reason. If a small ship or a drifting object approaches a large ship in danger, not only will the navigation and construction of the large ship be hindered, but the stable and safe navigation of the small ship may be impaired.

  On the other hand, in order to prevent marine organisms from flowing into the intake of a thermal power plant, etc., a technology that generates a water flow with a propeller and mixes bubbles in the water flow to surprise small fish is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP-A-10-298964

  By the way, when a small ship tries to approach a heavy ship heavy machinery, if the large ship discharges water to the small ship, the small ship will capsize or damage or injure the passenger of the small ship. There is a fear. In addition, with the technique of Patent Document 1, it is possible to prevent marine organisms from flowing into a water intake or the like, but it is not possible to prevent dangerous access of a small ship to a large ship.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a small-stream approach prevention method capable of preventing a small-sized flow such as a small-sized boat or driftwood from approaching a large-sized boat while ensuring the safety of the small boat and An object of the present invention is to provide a device for preventing small-stream access.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 is a small-fluid approach prevention method for preventing a small-sized flow including a small ship and driftwood from approaching a non-accessible facility including a large-sized ship. , pumping water, bubbles are generated on the water pumped, by ejecting the water toward the surface of the water side from the draft part of the non-accessible facilities containing air bubbles, the small flow from the non-accessible equipment in water near the surface It is characterized by generating a water flow to the object side.

The invention of claim 2 is a small stream access prevention device for preventing a small stream including small boats and driftwood from approaching a non-accessible facility including a large ship . a bubble generating means for generating a bubble in the water, the disposed draft of unapproximation equipment, the water containing air bubbles is injected toward the surface of the water side, the small from the unapproximated equipment in water near the surface And a bubble releasing means for generating a water flow toward the fluid side.

  According to these inventions, near the water surface, a water flow toward the non-inaccessible equipment side, that is, a water flow from the inaccessible equipment to the outside / small liquid side is formed. Difficult to do.

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, it is difficult for a small stream such as a small boat or driftwood to approach the non-accessible facility due to the water flow from the non-accessible facility near the water surface to the small stream side. In addition, bubbles are generated in the pumped water, and water containing these bubbles is sprayed from the drafting part of the non-accessible facility toward the surface of the water. No capsizing or damage to small boat occupants. Thus, while ensuring the safety of a small ship, it is possible to prevent a small stream such as a small ship or driftwood from approaching an inaccessible facility. As a result, navigation and construction using non-accessible facilities can be performed without hindrance and delay, and stable and safe navigation of a small ship can be secured and maintained.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows the small fluid approach prevention apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the small fluid approach prevention method by the small fluid approach prevention apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect | action by the small fluid approach prevention method of FIG. In this invention, it is a figure which shows the surface water flow influence range and surface water flow layer thickness in case the particle size of a bubble is comparatively small. In this invention, it is a figure which shows the surface water flow influence range and surface water flow layer thickness in case the particle size of a bubble is comparatively large. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the 2nd bubble generation means in this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the 3rd bubble generation means in this invention.

  The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a small fluid approach preventing device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a small fluid approach preventing method by the small fluid approach preventing device 1. It is. This small flow approach prevention device 1 is a device for preventing small flows such as small ships 101 and drifting objects such as driftwood from dangerously approaching a large ship (non-accessible equipment) 100. An air compressor (bubble generating means) 2, a nozzle body (bubble releasing means) 3, and a control computer (control means, not shown) are provided.

  Here, the case where the large ship 100 is a large ship heavy machine, the small stream is the small ship 101, and the small ship 101 is dangerously approaching the large ship 100 will be described. Of course, the facility may clearly indicate the construction area, and may be a lake or river other than the sea. Further, the small stream may be a drifting object such as driftwood, and the small boat 101 has a size of about one or two people, for example, a draft of about 20 cm during normal times, Assume a ship without a driving engine.

  The air compressor 2 is an air compressor for generating bubbles in the seawater W (underwater), generates compressed air, and sends the compressed air to the nozzle body 3 via the air pipe 21. Such an air compressor 2 is installed in a large marine heavy machine 100.

  The nozzle body 3 is disposed in the draft section 100a of the large marine heavy machinery 100 and discharges the bubbles B toward the seawater surface (water surface) W1 side. That is, the nozzle pipe 31 extending in the horizontal direction is disposed on the side surface near the ship bottom of the large marine heavy equipment 100, and the nozzle pipe 31 is connected to the air pipe 21. Further, the nozzle pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 32 for injecting and discharging the bubbles B toward the seawater surface W1 side, and the compressed air sent through the air pipe 21 passes through the nozzle pipe 31 and passes through each nozzle pipe 31. The air bubbles B are ejected from the nozzle 32.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the water flow F <b> 1 toward the anti-large ship heavy equipment 100 (in the direction away from the large ship heavy equipment 100) in the vicinity of the seawater surface W <b> 1 is formed by the bubbles B ejected from each nozzle 32. The position and depth of the nozzle pipe 31 and the injection direction of each nozzle 32 are set so that a residual bubble B1 which is a lump of bubbles B is formed in the vicinity of the seawater surface W1 close to the large marine heavy equipment 100. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, air bubbles B are ejected from the nozzles 32 to form a water flow F1 in the vicinity of the sea surface W1. A water flow F2 toward (entrained) toward the 100 side is generated. In other words, reflux in the depth direction occurs in the vicinity of the large marine heavy equipment 100, and the water surface rising portion W2 that has risen to the side of the freeboard 100b is formed on the seawater surface W1 near the large marine heavy equipment 100 by such water flows F1 and F2. The remaining bubble B1 is formed in the water surface rising portion W2 and on the water surface rising portion W2.

  In addition, the diameter of the nozzle 32 and the like are set so that bubbles B having a predetermined size are ejected from the nozzle 32. That is, the range in which the bubble B flows or stays (surface water flow influence range) and the thickness of the layer of the bubble B (surface water flow layer thickness) differ depending on the particle size of the bubble B. For example, when the particle size of the bubbles B is relatively small, as shown in FIG. 4, the surface water flow influence range R1 is large and the surface water flow layer thickness R2 is also large. On the other hand, when the particle diameter of the bubbles B is relatively large, as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the surface water flow influence range R1 and the surface water flow layer thickness R2 of a predetermined size are formed, and the bubble B having a particle size that can more reliably prevent the small ship 101 from dangerously approaching the large ship heavy equipment 100. Preferably, the structure and the diameter of the nozzle 32 are set so as to obtain such a particle size.

  Similarly, as will be described later, the amount of bubbles B (amount of air entering) and the depth of the nozzle tube 31 (bubble generation) so that the small boat 101 can be more reliably prevented from dangerously approaching the large vessel heavy equipment 100. Water depth) is set.

  A plurality of such nozzle bodies 3 are arranged along substantially the entire circumference of the large marine heavy machinery 100, and the bubbles B are supplied for each nozzle body 3. That is, each nozzle body 3 is connected to the air pipe 21 via a control valve (not shown), and each control valve is controlled by a control computer. For example, when there is a possibility that the small ship 101 may approach dangerously from all directions of the large ship heavy equipment 100, all the control valves are opened and the bubbles B are injected from all the nozzle bodies 3. Further, when the large ship heavy machine 100 is moving forward and the small ship 101 may approach dangerously from the stern side of the large ship heavy machine 100, the nozzle body 3 disposed on the stern (opposite direction of travel). The control valve is opened, and the bubbles B are ejected from the nozzle body 3.

  In this way, by propelling the air bubbles B from the opposite side of the traveling direction of the large vessel heavy machine 100 according to the approaching direction of the small vessel 101, the large vessel heavy machine 100 has a propulsive force in the traveling direction as will be described later. It works. In addition, the control valve control by the control computer may be performed by manually selecting and inputting a control valve to be opened or closed, or may be automatically performed according to the traveling direction of the large vessel heavy machine 100, the approaching direction of the small vessel 101, or the like. It may be.

  Next, a small fluid approach preventing method by the small fluid approach preventing device 1 having such a configuration will be described.

  First, the air compressor 2 is activated when the small ship 101 approaches the large ship heavy equipment 100 or when there is a possibility of dangerous approach during navigation or construction by the large ship heavy equipment 100, and in the approaching direction. The control valve of the arranged nozzle body 3 is opened by the control computer. Thereby, bubbles B are ejected from each nozzle 32 of the nozzle body 3, and as shown in FIG. 2, a water flow F1 toward the non-large-sized marine heavy equipment 100 is formed in the vicinity of the seawater surface W1. That is, since the flow of water from the large vessel heavy machine 100 to the small vessel 101 is formed, it is difficult for the small vessel 101 to approach the large vessel heavy machine 100.

  Further, as described above, a residual bubble B1 that is a lump of bubbles B is formed in the vicinity of the sea surface W1 near the large marine heavy machinery 100. For this reason, the specific gravity and density of the seawater (seawater in which bubbles B are mixed) in the vicinity of the large marine heavy machinery 100, that is, the water surface rising portion W2 and the remaining bubbles B1, are reduced, and the buoyancy is reduced. As a result, as shown by the arrow D in FIG. 2, the draft of the small boat 101 increases, and the small boat 101 is easily affected by the flow (horizontal flow) in the vicinity of the sea surface W1, and the small boat 101 becomes a large vessel. It becomes difficult to approach the heavy machine 100.

  However, the range where the buoyancy is reduced due to the flow F1 of water from the large marine heavy machinery 100 to the small boat 101 and the residual bubbles B, and the range of the water surface rising portion W2 are in the splash water mass on the sea surface. Since it does not extend to the range that does not occur, lateral water flow or buoyancy reduction that interferes with the navigation of the small boat 101 does not occur outside the range that is subject to dangerous influence (collision) by the navigation of the large vessel heavy equipment 100 Therefore, the safety of the small boat 101 is not lowered by this method.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the propulsive force P in the direction opposite to the injection direction, that is, in the direction away from the small ship 101, is caused by the water flow in the water surface portion generated by jetting the bubbles B from the nozzle body 3. It acts on the ship heavy machinery 100. Further, as described above, since the water flow F2 toward the large ship heavy equipment 100 is generated in the deep water, the propulsive force P in the direction away from the small ship 101 acts on the large ship heavy equipment 100 by the water flow F2.

  As described above, according to the small-fluid approach prevention device 1 and the small-fluid approach prevention method, the water flow F1 toward the anti-large ship heavy equipment 100 in the vicinity of the seawater surface W1 and the seawater face W1 near the large ship heavy equipment 100. Due to the residual bubbles B1 formed in the vicinity, it becomes difficult for the small ship 101 to approach the large ship heavy equipment 100. In addition, since the small ship 101 is not directly discharged with water just by injecting the bubbles B from the drafting section 100a of the large ship heavy equipment 100 toward the seawater surface W1, the small ship 101 is overturned or small-sized. The crew of the ship 101 is not damaged.

  In this way, it is possible to effectively prevent the small boat 101 from approaching the large marine heavy equipment 100 in danger while ensuring the safety of the small boat 101. As a result, navigation and construction by the large ship heavy equipment 100 can be performed without hindrance and delay, and stable and safe navigation of the small ship 101 can be secured and maintained.

  Further, as described above, the propulsive force P acts on the large marine heavy machinery 100 due to the reaction force / reaction caused by the injection of the bubbles B, the water flow F2 in the water depth, and the like. For this reason, when this propulsive force P corresponds with the advancing direction of the large-scale ship heavy equipment 100, it becomes possible to reduce the power and energy required for the propulsion of the large-sized ship heavy equipment 100.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention, Included in the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the bubble B is generated and ejected from the nozzle body 3 by sending compressed air from the air compressor 2, but the bubble may be generated by other bubble generating means. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the seawater W is pumped up, bubbles are generated in the seawater W by the bubble generator 51, and the seawater W3 containing the bubbles is stored in the water tank 52. And as needed, the seawater W3 in the water tank 52 is sent to the nozzle body 3 to inject bubbles. According to this method, since the seawater W3 containing bubbles is injected, the water pressure from the seawater W can be countered compared to the case where the air itself is injected, the energy efficiency is high, and the bubbles can be injected uniformly and stably. it can.

  Further, bubbles may be generated by electrolysis. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a fuel cell (generator) 61 is installed in a large marine heavy machine 100, and bubbles are generated by electrolysis by a plurality of electrodes (electrode group 62) disposed in the drafting section 100a. It is. According to this method, bubbles can be generated with high energy efficiency. In this method, the bubble generating means and the bubble releasing means are integrally configured.

  On the other hand, in the above-described embodiment, the nozzle body 3 is provided only in one step or one layer in the depth direction, but may be provided in two or more steps depending on the amount of the required bubbles B or the like. Moreover, although the air compressor 2 is installed in the large vessel heavy machine 100, the air compressor 2 may be installed on a ship or a shore different from the large vessel heavy machine 100. Furthermore, although the case where the bubble releasing means is the nozzle body 3 has been described, it is needless to say that other means / mechanisms may be used.

1 Small stream approach prevention device 2 Air compressor (bubble generation means)
3 Nozzle body (bubble release means)
31 Nozzle pipe 32 Nozzle 100 Large ship heavy machinery (non-accessible equipment)
100a Draft part 101 Small boat (small stream)
W Seawater W1 Seawater surface (water surface)
W2 Water surface rising part B Bubble B1 Residual bubble (bubble lump)

Claims (2)

A small stream approach prevention method for preventing small streams including small ships and driftwood from approaching non-accessible facilities including large ships,
Pumping the water to generate bubbles in the water pumped up, and ejected toward the surface of the water side the water containing air bubbles from the draft part of the non-accessible equipment, the small flow material from the non-accessible equipment in water near the surface A method for preventing small stream access, wherein a water flow to the side is generated. A small stream access prevention device for preventing small streams including small ships and driftwood from approaching non-accessible facilities including large ships,
Bubble generating means for pumping water and generating bubbles in the pumped water ;
Wherein disposed draft of unapproximation equipment, and injected toward the water containing air bubbles on the water side, the bubble release means the in water surface near the unapproximated equipment to generate a water flow to the small flow product side When,
A small fluid approach prevention device comprising:

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