JP6211618B2 - 流体内のエネルギー含量の測定及び汚染物質の検出を行うための方法及びシステム - Google Patents
流体内のエネルギー含量の測定及び汚染物質の検出を行うための方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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Description
本国際出願は、Joseph Paul Little、III及びMatthew R.Thomasの名義で2012年9月17日に出願された「走査光源を利用した近IR分光法による圧力下天然ガス流内の微量H2Sの検出(Trace H2S Detection with Near IR Spectroscopy in Natural Gas Stream Under Pressure Utilizing a Scanning Light Source)」という名称の先行する米国仮特許出願第61/702,151号に基づく優先権を主張する2012年12月19日に出願された米国特許出願公開第13/720,598号に対する優先権を主張するものであり、これらの各特許出願の開示はその全体が本明細書に完全に記載されているかのように引用によって本明細書に組み入れられる。
「流体インフラ」は、限定するわけではないが、流体が炭化水素である場合には、ガス源と小売納入地点との間のあらゆるインフラを含む、流体の収集、処理、貯蔵、輸送又は分配に関連して使用されるあらゆるインフラを意味する。
「汚染物質」は、流体内のあらゆる望ましくない又はあまり望ましくない化学物質を意味する。
「流体」は、限定するわけではないが、懸濁液の有無に関わらず天然ガス流を含むあらゆるガス又は液体を意味する。
「高分解能」は、0.01ナノメートル以上の分解能を用いたNIR走査を意味する。
「高分解能走査モード」は、狭い波長範囲にわたって高分解能で走査することを意味する。
「低分解能」は、0.5ナノメートル〜5ナノメートルの分解能を用いたNIR走査を意味する。
「NIR」及び「近赤外」は、約1350〜2500ナノメートル、又は1.35〜2.5マイクロメートルの波長範囲を意味する。
「走査源」は、近赤外スペクトルを走査するための、一般的な白熱電球、石英ハロゲン球、発光ダイオード及び波長可変ダイオードレーザを含む当業で周知のあらゆる光源を意味する。
「TDL」は、典型的には分光システムにおいて関心分子の最高吸収に対応する単一の設定波長において極狭ビーム幅で使用される波長可変ダイオードレーザを意味する。
表1
12 光源
14 基準
16 光検出器
20 光学セル
22 光ファイバケーブル
24 試料システム
26 ガス
28 パイプライン
32 処理モジュール
100 流体分析器システム
Claims (27)
- 流体内のエネルギー含量及び汚染物質の量を測定する方法であって、
光学セルを通じて流体インフラ内の流体を輸送するステップと、
第1の走査源を用いて、近赤外スペクトル内の広い波長範囲にわたって前記流体を走査するステップと、
第2の走査源を用いて、前記近赤外スペクトル内の狭い波長範囲にわたって前記流体を走査するステップと、
前記第1の走査源による走査からの分光分析を用いて、前記流体のエネルギー含量を測定するステップと、
前記第2の走査源による走査からの分光分析を用いて、前記流体内の汚染物質の量を測定するステップと、
を含み、
前記第1の走査源は低分解能で走査を行い、前記第2の走査源は高分解能で走査を行う、ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記第1の走査源及び前記第2の走査源は、同時に走査を行う、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の走査源及び前記第2の走査源は、順に走査を行う、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記流体は天然ガスである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記流体は液化天然ガスである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記広い波長範囲は、約1350nm〜約2500nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記狭い波長範囲は、約1560nm〜約1610nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記汚染物質は硫化水素である、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 流体内のエネルギー含量及び汚染物質の量を測定する方法であって、
光学セルを通じて流体インフラ内の流体を輸送するステップと、
走査源を用いて、近赤外スペクトル内の広い波長範囲にわたって前記流体を走査するステップと、
前記走査源を用いて、前記近赤外スペクトル内の狭い波長範囲にわたって前記流体をほぼ同時に走査するステップと、
前記広い波長範囲の前記走査からの分光分析を用いて、前記流体のエネルギー含量を測定するステップと、
前記狭い波長範囲の前記走査からの分光分析を用いて、前記流体内の汚染物質の量を測定するステップと、
を含み、
前記走査源は、前記広い波長範囲を低分解能で走査し、前記狭い波長範囲を高分解能で走査する、ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記流体は天然ガスである、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記流体は液化天然ガスである、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記広い波長範囲は、約1250nm〜約2500nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記狭い波長範囲は、約1560nm〜約1610nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記汚染物質は硫化水素である、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 流体内のエネルギー含量及び汚染物質の量を測定する方法であって、
光学セルを通じて流体インフラ内の流体を輸送するステップと、
走査源を用いて、近赤外スペクトル内の広い波長範囲にわたって前記流体を走査するステップと、
前記広い波長範囲を低分解能で評価して前記流体のエネルギー含量を測定するステップと、
前記広い波長範囲内の狭い波長範囲を高分解能で評価して前記流体内の汚染物質の量を測定するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記流体は天然ガスである、ことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記流体は液化天然ガスである、ことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記広い波長範囲は、約1250nm〜約2500nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記狭い波長範囲は、約1560nm〜約1610nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記汚染物質は硫化水素である、ことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方法。
- 流体内のエネルギー含量及び汚染物質の量を測定するためのシステムであって、
光学セルと、
流体インフラと、
を備え、
前記流体インフラ内の流体は、前記光学セルを通じて輸送され、
前記システムは、
前記光学セル内の前記流体を近赤外スペクトル内の広い波長範囲にわたって走査するように構成された第1の走査源と、
前記光学セル内の前記流体を前記近赤外スペクトル内の狭い波長範囲にわたって走査するように構成された第2の走査源と、
をさらに備え、
前記流体のエネルギー含量は、前記第1の走査源からの分光分析を用いて測定され、汚染物質の量は、前記第2の走査源からの分光分析を用いて測定され、
前記第1の走査源は低分解能で走査を行い、前記第2の走査源は高分解能で走査を行う、ことを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記第1の走査源及び前記第2の走査源は、同時に走査を行う、ことを特徴とする請求項21に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の走査源及び前記第2の走査源は、順に走査を行う、ことを特徴とする請求項21に記載のシステム。
- 前記流体は天然ガスである、ことを特徴とする請求項21に記載のシステム。
- 前記広い波長範囲は、約1350nm〜約2500nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項21に記載のシステム。
- 前記狭い波長範囲は、約1560nm〜約1610nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項21に記載のシステム。
- 前記汚染物質は硫化水素である、ことを特徴とする請求項21に記載のシステム。
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