JP6210513B2 - Gear processing apparatus and gear processing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gear machining apparatus and a gear machining method.

  When processing a gear, there is a method in which a gear-shaped tool is pressed against a work and the two are rotated together. At this time, the phase of the workpiece (rotation position) is detected in advance, and the workpiece is processed by rotating the tool so as to be synchronized with this phase. For example, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the workpiece phase is indexed in a state where the workpiece is supported by the indexing spindle, and then the workpiece is transferred to the machining position. Then, the workpiece is processed after being supported by the processing spindle.

JP 2009-12175 A

  In the apparatus according to Patent Document 1, information regarding the phase of the workpiece indexed by the indexing spindle is transmitted to the machining spindle, and the workpiece and tool are synchronized using this information. Therefore, in the above apparatus, information is exchanged between the indexing spindle and the machining spindle. For this reason, there exists a problem that control of information becomes complicated. The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem, and can perform processing without passing information between a part for calculating the phase of the workpiece and a part for processing. Another object is to provide a gear machining apparatus and a gear machining method.

  A gear machining apparatus according to the present invention includes a support member that detachably mounts a gear to be machined, a detachable support for the support member, and a rotation position of the gear to be machined without changing the rotational position of the gear to be machined. On the other hand, a workpiece moving unit that attaches / detaches the workpiece gear, and a detection unit that detects a rotational position of the workpiece gear supported by the support member in a state where the support member is supported by the first workpiece support unit. A control unit for controlling the work support unit to rotate the support member to a rotation position having a predetermined phase difference from the rotation position of the gear to be processed detected by the detection unit; and the support member Is moved from the workpiece support unit to the machining position, and is disposed at the machining position, detachably supports the support member, and rotates the support member. A tool unit having a second work support unit to be rotated, and a tool for processing the work gear while rotating while meshing with the work gear supported by the second work support unit, and the support member. The tool is controlled by the control unit so as to rotate synchronously based on the predetermined phase difference.

  According to this configuration, after the rotation position of the gear to be processed is detected by the detection unit, the gear to be processed is separated from the support member without changing the rotation position. Then, the support member is rotated to a rotation position having a predetermined phase difference from the rotation position of the gear to be processed detected by the detection unit. Therefore, when the gear to be processed is mounted again on the support member, the phase difference between the rotational positions of the support member and the gear to be processed is set in advance. Therefore, no matter what rotational position of the work gear is mounted on the support member, the phase difference between the work gear and the support member is always constant. As a result, it is not necessary to transmit information regarding the rotational position of the workpiece gear when the support member on which the workpiece gear is mounted with this phase difference is conveyed to the second workpiece support unit. That is, since the phase difference between the gear to be processed and the support member is set in advance, the gear to be processed and the tool are synchronized based on this phase difference without obtaining information individually at the processing position. It can be processed while rotating. Therefore, the gear to be machined can be machined without transmitting information between the first work support unit and the second work support unit.

  In the gear machining apparatus, the first and second work support units can each support the support member, and the work transport unit is supported by the first and second work support units, respectively. The support member can be configured to be interchangeable.

  According to this configuration, since the work transport unit is configured to be able to replace the support members supported by the first and second work support units, for example, the work gear supported by the second work support unit is While being processed, the above-described phase difference can be set in the first work support unit. Accordingly, the time required for setting the rotational position can be omitted, and efficient machining can be performed.

  In the gear machining apparatus, the first work support unit can have various configurations. For example, a rotary member that detachably supports the support member, and a support that rotatably supports the rotary member; A drive unit that rotates the rotating member, and the control unit moves the rotating member to a rotating position that has a predetermined phase difference from the rotating position of the workpiece gear detected by the detecting unit. The drive unit can be controlled so as to rotate.

  The gear machining method according to the present invention includes a step of fixing a workpiece gear to a support member, a step of detecting a rotational position of the workpiece gear, and the support member without changing the rotational position of the workpiece gear. Separating the work gear from the rotation position; rotating the support member to a rotation position having a predetermined phase difference from the rotation position of the work gear detected by the detection unit; and A step of attaching to the support member; a step of conveying the support member to a processing position in a state where the gear to be processed is attached; and a step of applying the support member to the gear to be processed based on the predetermined phase difference. And a step of machining the gear to be machined while rotating the meshing tool synchronously.

  In the gear machining method, when performing a step for machining the workpiece gear, fixing another workpiece gear to a support member, and detecting a rotational position of the other workpiece gear Separating the gear to be processed from the support member without changing the rotational position of the other gear to be processed; and a predetermined phase difference from the rotational position of the other gear to be detected detected by the detection unit. The step of rotating the support member to the rotational position and the step of mounting the gear to be processed on the support member, and after the step of processing the gear to be processed is completed, the other workpiece to be processed With the gear mounted, the step of transporting the support member to a machining position and the support member and the tool meshing with the other gear to be processed are synchronously rotated based on the predetermined phase difference. So while the steps of processing the other of the work gear, it is possible to perform.

  According to the present invention, the gear to be machined can be machined without passing information between the part for indexing the workpiece phase and the part for machining.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a gear machining apparatus according to the present embodiment. It is a side view of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the arbor which supported the workpiece | work. It is sectional drawing of a workpiece | work support unit. It is sectional drawing which shows the upper end vicinity of the support main body of FIG. FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the support body of FIG. 4. It is a front view of a moving body. FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 7. It is sectional drawing of a conveyance part. 4 is a plan view of a rotation support unit 34. FIG. It is sectional drawing of FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is the BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing from FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of a conveyance part.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a gear machining apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a gear machining apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this gear machining apparatus grinds a workpiece W, which is a workpiece gear, while rotating in synchronization with a grindstone 10, which is a tool. Then, the workpiece machining position detection unit 1 for detecting the rotation position of the workpiece W, the workpiece machining unit 2 that performs grinding while rotating the workpiece W and the grindstone 10 synchronously, and the workpiece machining position detection unit 1 determine the rotation position. A transport unit 3 that transports the detected workpiece W to the workpiece processing unit 2 and a base unit 4 that supports them are provided. The workpiece W is mainly supported by a support member called an arbor 5, and is transferred from the workpiece machining position detection unit 1 to the workpiece machining unit 2 by the transport unit 3 while being supported by the arbor 5. Hereinafter, each part will be described in detail.

  First, the workpiece | work W and the arbor 5 which supports this are demonstrated, referring FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the arbor 5 that supports the workpiece W. As shown in the figure, the workpiece W is a gear having a through hole formed in the center, and the arbor 5 is a member that supports the workpiece. The arbor 5 includes a truncated cone-shaped lower base portion 511, a columnar central portion 512 provided at the upper end of the lower base portion 511, and a distal end provided at the upper end of the central portion 512 and having a tapered outer peripheral surface. The arbor body 51 is integrally formed with the part 513. In the arbor body 51, a flange 514 extending radially outward is formed at the lower end of the lower base 511. In addition, recesses 515 are formed in two places in the circumferential direction on the lower surface of the flange 514. Furthermore, an annular groove 516 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower base 511 above the flange 514 so as to be held by a holding arm 351 described later.

  A through hole 57 extending in the axial direction is formed inside the arbor body 51. The through-hole 57 has a first portion 571 extending from the lower base portion 511 to the vicinity of the upper end of the central portion 512, and a diameter that decreases from the upper end of the first portion 571, and extends so as to open toward the upper end portion 513. It consists of a second part 572. The movable member 52 is inserted into the through hole 57. The movable member 52 includes a rod-shaped main body portion 521 inserted through the second portion 572 of the through-hole 57, a columnar cap portion 522 attached to a portion of the main body portion 521 that protrudes from the upper end of the distal end portion 513, and a main body. The cylindrical pressing portion 523 is provided at the lower end portion of the portion 521 and is located at the first portion 571 of the through hole 57. The cap part 522 and the pressing part 523 are larger in diameter than the main body part 521. In addition, a plurality of disc springs 53 that are inserted into the main body portion 521 and stacked between the step portion at the boundary between the first portion 571 and the second portion 572 of the through hole 57 and the pressing portion 523 of the movable member 52. Is arranged. Therefore, the spring 53 always acts to urge the pressing portion 523 downward. Further, a contact portion 524 that comes into contact with the opening peripheral edge of the distal end portion 513 of the arbor body 51 is provided on the lower surface of the cap portion 522 of the movable member 52, and the contact portion 524 comes into contact with the distal end portion 513. The movable member 52 is prevented from falling off from the arbor body 51.

  A cylindrical collet chuck 55 is provided below the cap portion 522. The collet chuck 55 has an outer peripheral surface that is parallel to the axis of the arbor body 51, and is configured to receive the workpiece W. On the other hand, the inner wall surface of the collet chuck 55 is formed in a taper shape that spreads at the bottom so as to correspond to the taper of the tip 513 of the arbor body 51. Further, the contact portion 524 described above is engaged with the inner wall surface of the collet chuck 55. And normally, the collet chuck 55 is pressed downward by the cap portion 522 by the bias of the spring 53. Therefore, the collet chuck 55 is spread outward in the radial direction while being pressed downward along the taper of the tip end portion 513. As a result, the workpiece W fitted in the collet chuck 55 receives a radially outward force from the inside, and as a result, is fixed to the collet chuck 55. On the other hand, when the movable member 52 is pressed against the spring 53 from the lower side, the cap portion 522 is pushed upward together with the contact portion 524, so that the collet chuck 55 is pushed up by the contact portion 524. As a result, the collet chuck 55 moves upward along the taper, and the diameter decreases. As a result, the force that presses the workpiece W by the collet chuck 55 does not act, so that the workpiece W can be detached from the collet chuck 55.

  Next, the workpiece machining position detection unit 1 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the workpiece machining position detection unit 1 includes a first workpiece support unit 11 and a workpiece suspension unit 12. The first work support unit 11 is disposed on the base portion 4. An upper support 41 is provided on the base 4, and the work suspension unit 12 is supported by the upper support 41 and grips the work W supported by the first work support unit 11 from above. It is configured as follows.

  First, the first work support unit 11 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first work support unit 11. As shown in the figure, the first work support unit 11 includes a cylindrical support body 111 that is supported by the base portion 4 and whose axis extends in the vertical direction. The support body 111 extends so as to protrude upward from the base portion 4, and a cylindrical rotation support member 112 is disposed inside. In addition, a push rod 113 movable in the vertical direction is disposed inside the rotation support member 112. The rotation support member 112 is rotatably supported by the upper bearing 114 and the lower bearing 115 inside the support body 111. A built-in motor (drive unit) 116 is disposed below the upper bearing 114. Specifically, a built-in motor 116 including a rotor 1161 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotation support member 112 and a stator 1162 disposed so as to face the rotor 1161 inside the support body 111 is provided. Yes. An annular groove 1163 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stator 1162, and an introduction path 1164 for introducing cooling water for cooling the stator 1162 and a discharge for discharging the introduced cooling water are formed in the groove 1163. The path 1165 is connected. In addition, even if it is except the built-in motor 116, if the rotation support member 112 can be rotated, it will not specifically limit.

  The above-described arbor 5 is detachably attached to the upper end portion of the rotation support member 112. Specifically, a cylindrical engagement member 117 is attached to the upper end portion of the rotation support member 112, and this engagement member 117 is inserted into the through hole 57 of the arbor 5 from below. Further, two protrusions 1171 are provided on the outer periphery of the engaging member 117, and the protrusions 1171 are fitted into the recesses 515 of the arbor 5. Thereby, the arbor 5 is supported on the rotation support member 112 so as not to rotate around the axis.

  On the outer peripheral surface of the rotation support member 112, an annular detected portion 1121 is attached above the upper bearing 114. A sensor 1111 is provided at a position facing the detected part 1121 in the internal space of the support body 111. Thereby, the rotational position of the detected part 1121, that is, the rotational position of the arbor 5 can be detected by the sensor 1111. The support body 111 is provided with a control unit (not shown) that rotates the rotation support member 112 to a predetermined rotation position based on the rotation position of the rotation support member 112 detected by the sensor 1111. In addition to controlling the built-in motor 116, the control unit can perform overall control of operations performed by the workpiece machining position detection unit 1.

  The internal space of the rotation support member 112 is composed of a small-diameter portion 1122 that extends in the vertical direction and a large-diameter portion 1123 that continues to the small-diameter portion 1122 below, and the push rod 113 described above is inserted into this internal space. ing. The push rod 113 is inserted into the small-diameter portion 1122, and is connected to the upper end portion of the rotation support member 112, that is, the rod main body 1131 protruding from the engaging member 117, and the cylindrical pressing portion having a large diameter connected to the lower portion of the rod main body 1131. 1132. And the press part 1132 is accommodated in the large diameter part 1123 of internal space. Further, in the internal space of the rotation support member 112, a spring 118 wound around the rod body 1131 of the push rod 113 is interposed between the step portion at the boundary between the small diameter portion 1122 and the large diameter portion 1123 and the pressing portion 1132. Is provided. By this spring 118, the pressing portion 1132 is urged downward, whereby the push rod 113 is normally urged downward. Further, a concave portion 1133 extending in the vertical direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pressing portion 1132 of the push rod 113, and a protruding member 1125 extending from the inner wall surface of the rotation support member 112 is engaged with the concave portion 1133. The projecting member 1125 prevents the push rod 113 from falling downward, and the recess 1133 has a predetermined length in the vertical direction, thereby restricting the range of movement of the push rod 113 in the vertical direction.

  A double-acting hydraulic cylinder 119 that is driven below the rotation support member 112 is provided in the lower portion of the support body 111. The piston 1191 of the hydraulic cylinder 119 can move up and down, and is configured to press the pressing portion 1132 of the push rod 113 from below. In addition, since a gap is formed between the push rod 113 and the rotation support member 112 and the piston 1191 at all times, the rotation support member 112 can rotate with the push rod 113 without interfering with the piston 1191. It has become.

  In addition, four fixing portions 1113 for fixing the arbor 5 are provided on the upper surface of the support body 111. This point will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the upper end of the support body, and FIG. 6 is an upper plan view showing the operation of the support body.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the four fixing portions 1113 are arranged every 90 degrees around the rotation support member 112. Each fixing portion 1113 includes a base portion 1114, a shaft member 1115 protruding from the upper surface of the base portion 1114, and an arm 1116 that can be rotated by the shaft member 1115. The arm 1116 is housed in the base 1114 and can be rotated in the horizontal direction and moved up and down by a hydraulic drive mechanism (not shown). In FIG. 6A, the arm 1116 is separated from the arbor 5, but by rotating from this position, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6B, the arm 1116 has an upper surface of the flange 514 of the arbor 5. Engage with. As a result, the arbor 5 is restricted from coming out upward.

  Although not shown, the workpiece machining position detector 1 is provided with a detector that detects the rotational position of the workpiece W fixed to the arbor 5. The rotational position of the workpiece W detected by the detection unit is transmitted to the control unit described above.

  Next, the workpiece suspension unit 12 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece suspension unit 12 includes a rail 121 that is supported by the upper support 41 and extends in the vertical direction, and a movable body 122 that can move in the vertical direction along the rail 121. Yes. A ball screw (not shown) is connected to the moving body 122, and an elevating motor 123 of the moving body 122 is connected to the upper end of the ball screw.

  Next, the moving body 122 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 is a front view of the moving body, and FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the moving body 122 includes a plate-like first support member 1221 supported so as to be movable with respect to the rail 121, and a first support member 1221 disposed below the first support member 1221. 2 support members 1222. Both support members 1221 and 1222 are connected by a guide rod 1223.

  A double-acting air cylinder 1224 is attached to the second support member 1222, and a pair of L-shaped link members 1227 are engaged with the tip 1226 of the piston 1225 of the air cylinder 1224. Therefore, when the piston 1225 advances and retreats in the vertical direction, the lower ends of the link members 1227 come close to and separate from each other.

  Further, a clamping arm 1229 for clamping the workpiece W is engaged with the lower end portion of each link member 1227 as will be described later. As shown in FIG. 7, both the sandwiching arms 1229 are formed in an L shape when viewed from the front, and the upper end portion thereof is supported by a rail 1231 formed at the lower end portion of the second support member 1222. As a result, both the sandwiching arms 1229 can approach and separate in the horizontal direction. Therefore, as described above, when the piston 1225 advances and retreats, the workpiece W is clamped / unclamped by the clamping arm 1229.

  In addition, a cylindrical cap member 1232 is attached to the lower end portion of the second support member 1222 between the sandwiching arms 1229. As will be described later, the cap member 1232 is configured to come into contact with the upper end surface of the workpiece W.

  Next, the transport unit 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the transport unit. As shown in the figure, the transport unit 3 includes a cylindrical base 31 fixed to the base 4 and a rod-shaped main shaft member 32 extending along the internal space of the base 31. . The main shaft member 32 is supported by a drive unit 33 provided at the lower end portion of the base portion 31 so as to be movable in the vertical direction along the base portion 31, and is supported so as to be rotatable around the shaft. . The upper end portion of the main shaft member 32 protrudes from the upper end of the base portion 31, and a rotation support portion 34 extending in the horizontal direction is supported on the upper end portion so as to be rotatable around the axis of the main shaft member 32. A gripping unit 35 for detachably gripping the arbor 5 is attached to each end of the rotation support portion 34. Each gripping unit 35 includes a pair of gripping arms 36 for sandwiching the arbor 5. The opening / closing control of the gripping arm 36 is performed by an arm control unit 37 provided at the upper end of the base portion 31.

  Next, the rotation support portion 34 and the gripping unit 35 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 is a plan view of the rotation support portion 34, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. The rotation support portion 34 includes a substrate portion 341 formed of a plate-like member extending in the horizontal direction. A central portion in the horizontal direction of the substrate portion 341 is rotatably supported at the tip of the main shaft member 32. The above-described gripping unit 35 is provided on the lower surfaces of both end portions of the substrate portion 341. Since both the gripping units 35 have the same configuration, only one gripping unit 35 will be described below.

  The gripping unit 35 includes a pair of sandwiching arms 351 and is arranged at a predetermined interval in the horizontal direction at the end of the substrate portion 341. The sandwiching arm 351 is formed so as to extend along the substrate portion 341 as a whole, and a central portion in the length direction is fixed to the substrate portion 341 by a shaft member 352 so as to be swingable. And the base end parts by the side of the main shaft member 32 of each clamping arm 351 are connected by the spring 353, Thereby, the base end parts of each clamping arm 351 are urged | biased so that it may always space apart. . On the other hand, a clamping surface 3511 formed in an arc shape for clamping the arbor 5 is formed at the tip of each clamping arm 351. And the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the arbor 5 can be clamped by the two clamping surfaces 3511 facing each other. Specifically, the clamping surface 3511 engages with the groove 516 of the arbor 5. As described above, the base end portions of the respective holding arms 351 are urged so as to be always separated by the spring 353, so that the holding surfaces 3511 of the respective holding arms 351 are always close to each other and hold the arbor 5. A force is acting in the direction.

  Next, the arm control unit 37 will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, in the present embodiment, one arm control unit 37 is provided for each gripping unit 35. Each arm control unit 37 is formed in an L shape in a plan view, and is configured to surround the base portion 31 of the transport unit 3 in a rectangular shape by combining them. Here, one arm control unit 37 will be described.

  The arm control unit 37 operates when the rotation support portion 34 is lowered together with the main shaft member 32, and functions to open the holding arm 351 and open the arbor 5. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, in a plan view, it extends in the tangential direction of the base portion 31 and is connected to the operating portion 371 that operates the holding arm 351 and is perpendicularly connected to the operating portion 371. The driving part 372 driven by the cylinder is formed in an L shape in plan view. The operating portion 371 includes a central support member 3711 fixed to the upper end portion of the base portion 31, and a pair of arm operating members 3712 that sandwich the base end portion side of the holding arm 351 from the outside on both sides thereof. Yes. And when these arm operation members 3712 adjoin, it presses so that the base end part of clamping arm 351 may adjoin.

  Here, the arm operating portion disposed on the left side of FIG. 12 with the central support member 3711 interposed therebetween is referred to as a first arm operating member 3712a, and the arm operating portion disposed on the right side is referred to as a second arm operating member 3712b. To do. A pressing pin 3713 for pressing the proximal end portion of the holding arm 351 is provided at the upper end of the first arm operating member 3712 a and extends toward the holding arm 351. A first rod 3714 extending in the horizontal direction is fixed to the lower end portion of the first arm operating member 3712a. More specifically, the first rod 3714 is fixed to a through hole provided in the lower end portion of the first arm actuating member 3712a and extends in the horizontal direction. The first rod 3714 is inserted through a through hole formed in the central support member 3711 and extends to the second arm operating member 3712b side. With this configuration, when the first rod 3714 moves in the horizontal direction, the first arm actuating member 3712a also moves with it. In addition, a through hole is formed in an intermediate portion of the first arm operating member 3712a in the vertical direction, and a second rod 3715 is inserted through the through hole. Since the second rod 3715 is not fixed to the first arm actuating member 3712a, the first arm actuating member 3712a and the second rod 3715 are movable without being restricted by their respective movements. The second rod 3715 is also inserted through a through hole formed in the central support member 3711 and extends to the second arm actuating member 3712b side.

  On the other hand, the second arm operating member 3712b is also configured in substantially the same manner as the first arm operating member 3712a. That is, a through hole is formed in the lower end portion of the second arm operating member 3712b, and the first rod 3714 is inserted through the through hole. However, since the first rod 3714 is not fixed to the second arm actuating member 3712b in this through hole, the second arm actuating member 3712b and the first rod 3714 are movable without being restricted by their movements. It is. Further, a through hole is also formed in an intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the second arm operating member 3712b, and the above-described second rod 3715 is inserted into and fixed to the through hole. Therefore, when the second rod 3715 moves in the horizontal direction, the second arm actuating member 3712b also moves along with this. As shown in FIG. 12, a spring 3716 is provided at the left end of the second rod 3715, and the second rod 3715 is always urged to move to the right.

  A shaft member 3717 extending in the horizontal direction is provided near the center of the central support member 3711, that is, between the first rod 3714 and the second rod 3715. A swing member 3718 extending in a rod shape is rotatably attached to the shaft member 3717. Both ends of the swing member 3718 are engaged with notches 3700 and 3701 formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the rods 3714 and 3715. That is, one end of the swing member 3718 is engaged with a notch 3701 of the first rod 3714 disposed on the lower side, and the other end of the swing member 3718 is engaged with a notch 3700 of the second rod 3715 disposed on the upper side. Is engaged. Thereby, the action | operation part 371 operate | moves as follows. This point will be described with reference to FIG.

  For example, in the state shown in FIG. 12, since the second rod 3715 is biased to the right by the spring 3716, the swing member 3718 engaged therewith is biased clockwise. Accordingly, the swing member 3718 biases the first rod 3714 to the left side. As a result, in the state of FIG. 12, the first arm operating member 3712a fixed to the first rod 3714 moves to the left, and the second arm operating member 3712b fixed to the second rod 3715 moves to the right. The two arm operating members 3712a and 37b are separated from each other, and the both arm operating members 3712a and 3712b are separated from the base end portions of the holding arms 351.

  When the first rod 3714 moves to the right from this state, the swing member 3718 engaged therewith swings counterclockwise as shown in FIG. As a result, the second rod 3715 engaged with the swing member 3718 moves to the left. That is, both rods 3714 and 3715 move to the opposite sides. Accordingly, the first arm operating member 3712a fixed to the first rod 3714 moves to the right, and the second arm operating member 3712b fixed to the second rod 3715 moves to the left. As a result, both arm actuating members 3712a and 37b are close to each other and are pressed so that the base ends of the both sandwiching arms 351 are close to each other.

  Next, the driving unit 372 that drives the first rod 3714 will be described. As shown in FIG. 13, the drive unit 372 includes a cylindrical main body 3721 and a pressing member 3722 supported inside the main body 3721 so as to be able to advance and retract. The pressing member 3722 is formed in a rod shape, and a tip portion of the pressing member 3722 is in contact with a roller 3719 provided rotatably at the left end portion of the first rod 3714. On the other hand, an air cylinder 3723 is attached to the rear end portion of the pressing member 3722 so that the pressing member 3722 moves forward or backward. In addition, an inclined surface 3724 is formed at the tip of the pressing member 3722, and the inclined surface 3724 is in contact with the roller 3719. Therefore, when the pressing member 3722 moves forward, the first rod 3714 is pushed to the right side in FIG. That is, the forward movement of the pressing member 3722 is transmitted in a direction perpendicular to the inclined surface 3724 and the roller 3719 of the pressing member 3722 so as to press the first rod 3714. Thereby, both arm operation members 3712a and 37b operate as described above.

  Further, a detected portion 3725 is attached to the rear end portion of the pressing member 3722, and sensors for detecting the detected portion 3725 are provided at two locations of the main body portion 3721. That is, a first sensor 3726 that detects the detected portion 3725 when the pressing member 3722 is retracted and a second sensor 3727 that detects the detected portion 3725 when the pressing member 3722 is moving forward are provided. ing. Therefore, it is possible to detect whether the pressing member 3722 is moving forward or backward by detecting the detected portion 3725 with any one of the sensors, and further, both arm operating members 3712a and 3712b are sandwiched. It can be detected whether the arm 351 is pressed or separated.

  A pair of arm control units 37 configured as described above are provided, and each function to operate the gripping unit 35 of the transport unit 3.

  Next, the workpiece machining unit 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece processing unit 2 includes a second workpiece support unit 21 that supports the arbor 5 and a tool unit 22 that includes a grindstone 10 that processes the workpiece W. The second work support unit 21 is disposed on the base portion 4 described above, and includes a support body 211 that detachably supports the arbor 5. Although details of the support body 211 are omitted, for example, like the first work support unit 11 described above, the support body 211 can be rotated by a built-in motor and rotates around the axis together with the arbor 5 fixed on the support body 211. It is like that. The tool unit 22 includes a column 221 disposed on the base portion 4, and a saddle 222 that approaches and separates from the column 221 with respect to the second work support unit 21. The grindstone 10 is rotatably supported at the tip of the saddle 222. Although not shown, the tool unit 22 is provided with a drive source such as a motor for rotating the grindstone 10. The grindstone 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a screw is formed on the surface thereof. Then, the screw meshes with the teeth of the workpiece W, and the grindstone 10 and the workpiece W are rotated synchronously, whereby the workpiece W is ground.

  Next, the operation of the gear machining apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. First, the arbor 5 is mounted on the first workpiece support unit 11 of the workpiece machining position detection unit 1 and the second workpiece support unit 21 of the workpiece machining unit 2, respectively. At this time, the rotation support portion 34 of the transport unit 3 is lowered, and the arm control unit 37 is driven to open each holding arm 351 provided on the rotation support portion 34. That is, each clamping arm 351 is separated from the arbor 5.

  Here, in the first work support unit 11, the four fixing portions 1113 are driven to rotate the arm 1116 onto the flange 514 of the arbor 5. Thereby, the arbor 5 is fixed and the upward movement is restricted. Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder 119 below the rotation support member 112 is driven to move the piston 1191 upward. As a result, the push rod 113 moves upward and pushes the pressing portion 523 in the arbor 5 upward. As a result, the collet chuck 55 moves upward and the diameter decreases. In this state, after the work W is fitted into the collet chuck 55, the hydraulic cylinder 119 is driven to move the piston 1191 downward. As a result, the push rod 113 moves downward and is separated from the pressing portion 523. Along with this, the pressing portion 523 is biased downward by the spring 53, so that the collet chuck 55 is pushed downward by the cap portion 522 to increase the diameter. As a result, the workpiece W is fixed to the collet chuck 55.

  Next, the detection unit is brought into contact with the tooth surface of the workpiece W, and the rotational position (phase) of the workpiece W is determined. This rotational position is transmitted to the control unit. Subsequently, the workpiece suspension unit 12 is driven, and the moving body 122 is lowered until the cap member 1232 contacts the workpiece W. When the cap member 1232 comes into contact with the workpiece W, the shock is absorbed by the damper 1223. Thus, the workpiece W and the moving body 122 come into contact with each other, and positioning of both is completed. Subsequently, the air cylinder 1224 of the moving body 122 is driven to bring both sandwiching arms 1229 close to each other. As a result, the workpiece W is clamped by the clamping arm 1229.

  Next, the collet chuck 55 is reduced in diameter by driving the hydraulic cylinder 119 below the rotation support member 112 and moving the push rod 113 upward. Thereby, the workpiece W can be detached from the arbor 5. Subsequently, the workpiece suspension unit 12 is driven, and the movable body 122 in a state where the workpiece W is clamped is raised. That is, the workpiece W is separated from the arbor 5. At this time, the workpiece W rises together with the moving body 122 without rotating. Thereafter, the push rod 113 is lowered, and the diameter of the collet chuck 55 is expanded again. In this state, the fixing portion 1113 is driven to move the arm 1116 away from the arbor 5. Subsequently, the built-in motor 116 is driven to rotate the rotation support member 112 together with the arbor 5 to a predetermined rotation position. The rotational position of the arbor 5 is a rotational position that has a predetermined phase difference determined in advance from the rotational position of the workpiece W described above.

  Subsequently, the fixing portion 1113 is driven, and the flange 514 of the arbor 5 and the arm 1116 are engaged. Then, the push rod 113 is raised and the collet chuck 55 is reduced in diameter. Following this, the workpiece suspension unit 12 is driven, the moving body 122 is lowered, and the workpiece W is mounted on the arbor 5. In this state, both clamping arms 1229 are opened, and the workpiece W and the clamping arms 1229 are separated from each other. Next, the work rod W is fixed to the arbor 5 by lowering the push rod 113 and expanding the diameter of the collet chuck 55. In the above process, the workpiece W is not rotated until the workpiece W is removed from the arbor 5 and mounted again after the rotation position is detected by the detector. Therefore, the phase difference between the workpiece W and the arbor 5 is set to a predetermined value as described above.

  Next, the arbor 5 in which the rotation position is set in this way is conveyed to the workpiece machining unit 2. First, the fixing portion 1113 is driven to move the arm 1116 away from the arbor 5. Further, the arm control unit 37 is driven, and the arbor 5 is clamped by the both clamping arms 351. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 15, after the spindle member 32 of the transport unit 3 is raised, the rotation support unit is rotated 180 degrees. Thereby, the arbor 5 arranged in the workpiece machining position detection unit 1 is conveyed to the workpiece machining unit 2. On the other hand, the arbor 5 arranged in the workpiece machining unit 2 is arranged in the workpiece machining position detection unit 1. That is, the positions of the two arbors 5 are interchanged. Next, the main shaft member 32 is lowered. Thereby, each arbor 5 is attached to each work support unit 11, 21.

  Next, the operation in the workpiece machining unit 2 will be described. First, the arm control unit 37 is driven, and both sandwiching arms 351 are separated from the arbor 5. And the support body 211 is rotated with the arbor 5, and the grindstone 10 is also rotated simultaneously. As described above, since the phase difference between the workpiece W and the arbor 5 is set to a predetermined value, the arbor 5 and the workpiece W and the grindstone 10 rotate synchronously based on this phase difference. Following this, when the grindstone 10 is pressed against the workpiece W, the workpiece W is ground while both rotate synchronously.

  On the other hand, as described above, the rotation position is set for the arbor 5 arranged in the workpiece machining position detection unit 1. That is, while the workpiece machining unit 2 is machining the workpiece W, the rotational position is set for the arbor 5 arranged in the workpiece machining position detection unit 1 to prepare for the next machining. . Thereby, the work efficiency of the workpiece W can be improved. Thereafter, by repeating the above operation, a plurality of workpieces W can be processed efficiently.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, after the rotation position of the workpiece W is detected by the detection unit, the workpiece W is separated from the support member without changing the rotation position. Then, the arbor 5 is rotated to a rotation position having a predetermined phase difference from the rotation position of the workpiece W detected by the detection unit. Therefore, when the workpiece W is mounted on the arbor 5 again, the phase difference between the rotational positions of the arbor 5 and the workpiece W is set in advance. Therefore, the phase difference between the workpiece W and the arbor 5 is always constant no matter what rotational position the workpiece W is mounted on the support member. As a result, when the arbor 5 on which the workpiece W is mounted with this phase difference is transported to the second workpiece support unit 21, it is not necessary to transmit information regarding the rotational position of the workpiece W. That is, since the phase difference between the workpiece W and the arbor 5 is set in advance, the workpiece W and the grindstone 100 are synchronously rotated based on the phase difference without individually obtaining information at the machining position. Can be processed. Therefore, it is possible to process the workpiece W without transmitting information between the first workpiece support unit 11 and the second workpiece support unit 21.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning. For example, in the above embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to gear grinding has been described, but it is needless to say that it can be used for gear shaving and honing. That is, the present invention can be applied to all gear processing apparatuses that perform processing while synchronously rotating a tool and a workpiece.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work processing position detection part 2 Work processing part 3 Conveyance part 5 Arbor 10 Grinding wheel 11 1st work support unit 12 Work suspension unit (work movement unit)
21 Second work support unit 22 Tool unit

Claims (5)

A support member for detachably mounting the work gear;
A first work support unit for removably supporting the support member and rotating the support member;
A workpiece moving unit that attaches and detaches the workpiece gear to the support member without changing the rotational position of the workpiece gear;
A detection unit for detecting a rotational position of the workpiece gear supported by the support member in a state where the support member is supported by the first work support unit;
While the workpiece gear is being detached from the support member by the workpiece moving unit, the support member is moved to a rotation position having a predetermined phase difference from the rotation position of the workpiece gear detected by the detection unit. A control unit for controlling the first work support unit for rotation;
A workpiece transfer unit for moving the support member from the first workpiece support unit to a machining position;
A second work support unit that is disposed at the processing position, removably supports the support member, and rotates the support member;
A tool unit having a tool for processing the gear to be processed while rotating while meshing with the gear to be processed supported by the second workpiece support unit;
With
The gear machining apparatus, wherein the support member and the tool are controlled by the control unit so as to rotate synchronously based on the predetermined phase difference.
The support members are supported by the first and second work support units,
The gear processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the work transport unit is configured to be able to exchange the support members respectively supported by the first and second work support units. The first work support unit includes:
A rotating member that detachably supports the supporting member;
A support for rotatably supporting the rotating member;
A drive unit for rotating the rotating member;
With
The said control part controls the said drive part so that the said rotation member may be rotated to the rotation position used as the predetermined phase difference with the rotation position of the said to-be-processed gear detected by the said detection part. Or the gear processing apparatus of 2. Fixing the workpiece gear to the support member;
Detecting a rotational position of the gear to be processed;
Separating the processing gear from the support member without changing the rotational position of the processing gear;
Rotating the support member to a rotational position having a predetermined phase difference from the rotational position of the workpiece gear detected by the detection unit;
Attaching the gear to be processed to the support member;
Transporting the support member to a machining position with the workpiece gear mounted; and
Based on the predetermined phase difference, processing the gear to be processed while synchronously rotating the support member and a tool meshing with the gear to be processed;
A gear machining method comprising: When performing the step of machining the workpiece gear,
Fixing another gear to be processed to the support member;
Detecting the rotational position of the other workpiece gear;
Separating the work gear from the support member without changing the rotational position of the other work gear; and
Rotating the support member to a rotation position having a predetermined phase difference from a rotation position of the other gear to be processed detected by the detection unit;
Attaching the gear to be processed to the support member;
And
After completing the step of machining the workpiece gear,
Transporting the support member to a processing position with the other gear to be processed mounted;
Processing the other gear to be processed while synchronously rotating the support member and the tool meshing with the other gear to be processed based on the predetermined phase difference; and
The gear machining method according to claim 4, wherein: