JP6206617B1 - Cultivation device, wall greening system and nutrient solution circulation method - Google Patents

Abstract

A cultivation device, a wall greening system, and a nutrient solution circulation method with simple fertilizer management and water supply management are provided. The cultivation apparatus 1 of the present invention includes a culture solution storage unit 20, a medium storage unit 40 and a fertilizer storage unit 50 provided in the upper space of the culture solution storage unit 20, and the culture solution storage unit 20 from the culture solution storage unit 20 to the upper space. A liquid feed line 31 for sprinkling nutrient solution into the upper space and a liquid feed pump 30 for feeding the nutrient solution to the liquid feed line 31 are provided. The nutrient solution that has flowed out of the fertilizer container 50 is concentrated due to the dissolved components. Therefore, the concentration of the nutrient solution does not diminish even if the circulation is repeated.

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation apparatus, a wall surface greening system, and a nutrient solution circulation method.

  In recent years, wall greening can be expected to have many effects in addition to mitigation measures for heat island phenomenon and energy saving measures that have become a problem in urban areas. However, wall surface greening needs to be three-dimensionally green, which tends to increase the installation cost. Further, wall greening has not been widely used since it requires a great deal of labor and cost for management to maintain aesthetics after completion.

  Many of the methods for greening the wall are to cultivate plants using the soil surface. However, a planter is used as a cultivation container for wall greening in a place where there is a restriction that the soil surface cannot be secured. For irrigation in wall greening using a planter, a pouring method is often employed in which tap water is sprinkled on the medium.

  Further, as a irrigation method other than pouring, there is also a method called bottom surface water supply (see Patent Document 1). The planter described in Patent Document 1 is installed outdoors, and is provided with a housing having an open upper end and a bottomed shape in the lower portion of the housing, and stores an amount of water that does not become empty at the time of most evaporation. A water tank, a medium provided at the upper part in the housing for dropping excessively contained rainwater to the water tank, and a water supply member for supplying water from the water tank to the medium when the medium is dried. It is an irrigated planter.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-23065

When performing the above-mentioned pouring, it is difficult to manage the fertilizer, and it takes time and effort because it is necessary to perform fertilizing work for each planter.
The bottom surface water supply described in Patent Document 1 is due to the capillary phenomenon of the water supply member, and there is a possibility that sufficient water supply is not performed. Moreover, uniform water supply is difficult.

  An object of this invention is to provide the cultivation apparatus, wall surface greening system, and nutrient solution circulation method with easy fertilizer management and water supply management.

  The present invention includes a culture solution storage unit, a medium storage unit and a fertilizer storage unit provided in the upper space of the culture solution storage unit, and extends from the culture solution storage unit to the upper space, and in the upper space It is a cultivation apparatus provided with the liquid feeding line which sprinkles water, and the liquid feeding pump which liquid-feeds the said nutrient solution to the said liquid feeding line.

  It is preferable that the fertilizer accommodating part is provided in the side by which the liquid feeding pump is arrange | positioned with respect to the said culture medium accommodating part.

  In addition, the present invention extends from the culture solution storage unit, the medium storage unit and the fertilizer storage unit provided in the upper space of the culture solution storage unit, the culture solution storage unit to the upper space, and in the upper space. A cultivation apparatus comprising a liquid feed line for spraying a nutrient solution and a liquid feed pump for feeding the nutrient solution to the liquid feed line, and an outer periphery of the culture solution storage unit and the culture medium storage unit. A wall surface greening system comprising: a mounting unit; and a gantry provided with an attracting unit that is attachable to and detachable from the mounting unit and is disposed on an upper portion of the culture medium storage unit.

  Furthermore, the present invention is to feed and feed the nutrient solution to the culture medium and fertilizer disposed in the upper space of the culture solution storage section in which the nutrient solution is stored, and water the nutrient solution to the medium, Dissolving the fertilizer with a nutrient solution, the nutrient solution that was not absorbed by the medium, and the nutrient solution in which the fertilizer component was increased by including the dissolved fertilizer was allowed to flow down to the culture solution reservoir, It is a nutrient solution circulation method of storing the nutrient solution sprayed in the upper space in a culture solution reservoir.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cultivation device, a wall surface greening system, and a nutrient solution circulation method in which fertilizer management and water supply management are simple.

It is sectional drawing of the longitudinal direction of the cultivation apparatus 1 of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the width direction of the cultivation apparatus 1. FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of a cultivation apparatus 1. FIG. It is a perspective view of the wall surface greening system 3 containing the cultivation apparatus 1 and the mount frame 5. FIG. It is the figure which showed the modification of the cultivation apparatus. It is a figure which shows the wall surface greening system 103 of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cultivation apparatus 300 of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cultivation apparatus 400 of 4th Embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, the wall planting system 3 including the cultivation device 1 and the cultivation device 1 and the gantry 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Drawing 1 is a schematic diagram which looked at cultivation device 1 of an embodiment of the present invention from the longitudinal direction. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the cultivation apparatus 1 in the width direction. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the cultivation apparatus 1.

The cultivation apparatus 1 includes a box-shaped outer container 10 having an upper surface opened.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the outer container 10 includes a pair of lateral wall portions 11 that face each other and extend in the longitudinal direction, a pair of end wall portions 12 that face each other and extend in the width direction, and a bottom portion 19. A box-shaped member having an open top. In the embodiment, the lateral wall portion 11 is longer than the end wall portion 12. Hereinafter, the direction in which the lateral wall portion 11 extends is referred to as a longitudinal direction, and the direction in which the end wall portion 12 extends is referred to as a width direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lateral wall portion 11 of the outer container 10 has an inner region 11a and an outer region 11b. The inner region 11a is lower than the outer region 11b, and a step portion 11c is formed at the upper end of the inner region 11a.
Although not shown, the end wall portion 12 also has an inner region and an outer region. The heights of the inner region and the outer region of the end wall portion 12 are the same as the heights of the inner region 11a and the outer region 11b of the lateral wall portion 11, and stepped portions are formed at the same positions.

  A plate-like mesh member 17 is arranged in such a manner that the edge portion is held by the step portion 11 c of the lateral wall portion 11 and the step portion of the end wall portion 12. The mesh member 17 has substantially the same shape as the rectangular shape defined by the inner wall of the outer region 11 b of the lateral wall portion 11 and the outer region of the end wall portion 12. The mesh member 17 separates the internal space of the outer container 10 into two spaces, a lower space and an upper space. However, since it has a mesh shape, a nutrient solution described later can flow from the upper space to the lower space.

The lower space is a culture solution storage unit 20 that stores a nutrient solution sprayed on the plant.
The upper space is further divided into two spaces by an intermediate wall portion 13 parallel to the end wall portion. One of the two spaces is a culture medium storage section 40, and the other is a fertilizer storage section 50 in a region narrower than the culture medium storage section 40. Hereinafter, the side on which the fertilizer accommodating part 50 is provided is referred to as the front side in the longitudinal direction, and the other side is referred to as the rear side.

  In the present embodiment, the internal space is separated by arranging the mesh member 17 on the step portion provided on the horizontal wall portion 11 in this way. However, it is not limited to this. FIG. 5 is a view showing a modification of the cultivation apparatus 1. Fig.5 (a) shows the cultivation apparatus 1A of a 1st modification, FIG.5 (b) shows the cultivation apparatus 1B of a 2nd modification. As a method for separating the internal space, the outer container 10 may be separated into two upper containers 10A and a lower container 10B as shown in FIG. Moreover, as shown in FIG.5 (b), the step part 11c provided in the inside of the exterior container 10 may be provided upwards, and the other planter 41 may be arrange | positioned inside.

(Medium storage part 40)
Returning to the present embodiment, the culture medium storage unit 40 will be described. The upper part of the culture medium storage unit 40 is open, and a plurality of pots in which plants are planted in the culture medium can be arranged on the mesh member 17.

(Fertilizer storage 50)
The fertilizer accommodating part 50 is a space that is separated from the medium accommodating part 40 by the intermediate wall part 13 and is smaller than the medium accommodating part 40. Solid fertilizer is disposed inside the fertilizer storage 50. This fertilizer is a slow-release fertilizer that is difficult to dissolve in water. In the embodiment, the fertilizer accommodating portion 50 is disposed on the front side in the longitudinal direction.

(Culture medium storage unit 20)
The culture solution storage unit 20 is located below the medium storage unit 40 and the fertilizer storage unit 50. A drain hole 14 is provided in the bottom 19 of the culture medium reservoir 20, and a plug 15 that can be opened and closed is attached to the hole 14.
As shown in FIG. 3, an insertion hole 16 is provided on the front surface in the longitudinal direction of the culture solution reservoir 20. A water pipe 18 extending outward is connected to the insertion hole 16. The other end of the water pipe 18 is connected to the liquid feed pump 30.

(Liquid feeding pump 30)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cultivation apparatus 1 further sprays the liquid feeding pump 30 disposed outside the medium accommodation unit 40 and the nutrient solution delivered by the liquid feeding pump 30 to the plurality of medium accommodation units 40. The watering pipe 31 which is a watering line to be provided. The liquid feed pump 30 is preferably, for example, an amphibious pump with low noise.
In the embodiment, the liquid feed pump 30 is disposed on the front side in the longitudinal direction, which is the same as the direction in which the fertilizer accommodating portion 50 is disposed.
In addition, in this embodiment, although the liquid feeding pump 30 is arrange | positioned outside the culture solution storage part 20, you may arrange | position not only to this but inside the culture solution storage part 20. FIG.

(Watering pipe 31)
A water spray pipe 31 extends from the liquid feed pump 30 as a liquid feed line. The watering pipe 31 extends upward on the side surface of the outer container 10, and further extends horizontally on the upper portions of the fertilizer storage unit 50 and the culture medium storage unit 40. A plurality of sprinkling holes 31 a are provided in the lower part of the portion of the sprinkling pipe 31 that passes over the fertilizer storage 50 and the culture medium storage 40.

(Base 5)
As shown in FIG. 4, a gantry 5 can be attached to the outer periphery of the cultivation apparatus 1, and the wall surface greening system 3 is formed by the cultivation apparatus 1 and the gantry 5.
The gantry 5 is for attracting, for example, a vine plant cultivated by the cultivation apparatus 1.
The gantry 5 includes two support columns 51 that are arranged at the front and rear ends of the cultivation apparatus 1 and extend vertically. Each of the support columns 51 can be separated into an upper support column 51A and a lower support column 51B, and the upper support column 51A can be attached to and detached from the lower support column 51B.
The gantry 5 includes a mounting part 5 </ b> B attached to the outer periphery of the outer container 10 and an attracting part 5 </ b> A arranged on the upper part of the cultivation apparatus 1.

The attracting part 5A includes an upper support column 51A, and an upper horizontal column 52a and a lower horizontal column 52b that extend between the two upper support columns 51A in the longitudinal direction.
Further, a plurality of vertically extending attracting pillars 53 alternately arranged on one side and the other in the width direction across the upper horizontal pillar 52a and the lower horizontal pillar 52b, and the alternately arranged attracting pillars 53 are connected to each other. And an auxiliary member 54 disposed so as to intersect the horizontal column.

  The mounting portion 5B extends obliquely from the lower support column 51B at the outer frame portion 55, the lower support column 51B, and the lower support column 51B disposed on the outer periphery of the lower portion of the cultivation apparatus 1, and extends to the outer frame unit 55. And a reinforcing member 56 that reinforces the upright of the support column 51 by being connected to.

  In addition, on the outside of the end wall portion 12 of the cultivation apparatus 1, a gantry mounting recess 29 into which the lower support pillar 51 </ b> B can be fitted is provided.

(how to use)
The mounting part 5 </ b> B of the gantry 5 is mounted on the outer periphery of the cultivation apparatus 1.
The nutrient solution is put into the culture solution reservoir 20 and the mesh member 17 is arranged.
In the culture medium accommodating part 40, the culture soil as a culture medium and the pot in which the plant was planted in the culture soil are arrange | positioned.
A fertilizer is arranged in the fertilizer storage 50.

The attracting part 5A of the gantry 5 is attached to the mounting part 5B.
The liquid feed pump 30 is operated. Although the time for operating the liquid feeding pump 30 varies depending on the season, for example, once a day is about 5 minutes, and the time can be managed by a timer or the like.
When the liquid feeding pump 30 is operated, the nutrient solution is sent to the upper part through the watering pipe 31 and is sprinkled into the fertilizer storage unit 50 and the medium through the watering hole 31a.
The nutrient solution sprayed into the fertilizer storage 50 dissolves the fertilizer. Since fertilizers are solid and difficult to dissolve, only a small amount dissolves. The nutrient solution in which the nutrient components are slightly increased flows out to the culture solution storage unit 20.

The nutrient solution supplied to the culture medium storage unit 40 is absorbed by the culture medium. The nutrient solution that has not been absorbed flows out into the culture solution reservoir 20.
And the nutrient solution which flowed out from the fertilizer accommodating part 50 has a density | concentration darker than the state sprayed. The concentrated nutrient solution and the nutrient solution that has flowed out of the soil are mixed in the culture solution storage unit 20.

(effect)
When the nutrient solution is repeatedly circulated, the amount of water decreases, so water is appropriately added. When water is added, the culture components of the nutrient solution dilute, but in the embodiment, the nutrient solution that has flowed out of the fertilizer container 50 is concentrated due to the components that have dissolved from the solid fertilizer. Therefore, the concentration of the nutrient solution does not diminish even if the circulation is repeated.
Since the fertilizer arranged in the fertilizer storage 50 is solid and hardly melts, the fertilizer is not supplied excessively and lasts for a long time.
By using fertilizers with different solubilities or adjusting the flow rate of sprinkling, the nutrient components in the nutrient solution can be adjusted.

  In the embodiment, the fertilizer accommodating part 50 and the liquid feeding pump 30 are arrange | positioned at the front side of the longitudinal direction which is the same side. Therefore, when checking or adding the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer storage unit 50, the liquid feeding pump 30 arranged on the same side can be checked. Therefore, the labor of work is saved and the maintainability is improved.

  Since the nutrient solution is automatically sent by the feed pump 30, it is possible to save the user's trouble of watering and supplying the nutrient solution. In addition, drying and growth failure due to forgetting to supply nutrient solution do not occur.

  The nutrient solution is not poured, and the nutrient solution that has not been absorbed by the medium flows out to the culture solution reservoir 20. Since the nutrient solution stored in the culture solution storage unit 20 is sent again to the medium by the solution feeding pump 30, the nutrient solution is not wasted. Therefore, there is little possibility of environmental pollution.

  In addition, since the culture solution storage unit 20 and the culture medium storage unit 40 are installed and integrated in the culture solution storage unit 20, there is no need to separately provide a nutrient solution tank or the like, and the installation place of the tank becomes unnecessary, saving Space can be achieved.

  Since the gantry 5 can be attached to the cultivation apparatus 1, the wall surface greening system 3 in which the cultivation apparatus 1 and the gantry 5 are integrated can be provided. Therefore, wall surface greening can be performed by the wall surface greening system 3 alone.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a wall surface greening system 103 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The cultivation apparatus 1 of 2nd Embodiment is the same as that of 1st Embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that the gantry 105 is attached to the side surface of the cultivation apparatus 1, and a lid member 120 that covers the upper surface of the culture medium storage unit 40 is provided. A description of the same points as in the first embodiment will be omitted.

  According to the second embodiment, in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment, the lid member 120 that covers the upper surface of the medium storage unit 40 is provided, so that it covers the vicinity of the roots of the plants arranged in the medium 46. Can do. Therefore, since the vicinity of the root of the plant is covered from the outside, it is more beautiful. In the case of a vine plant, the lid member 120 does not become an obstacle to sunlight irradiation because the vine rises on the mount 105.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a cultivation apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment. The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a switching valve 60 is provided in the middle of a pipe 61 extending from the liquid feed pump 30 to the sprinkling pipe 31. A water spray pipe 31 is connected to one of the flow paths switched by the switching valve 60, and a drain pipe 62 extending to the outside of the outer container 10 is connected to the other. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description of similar configurations is omitted.

By operating the switching valve 60, the flow path of the culture solution sent from the liquid feeding pump 30 and passing through the pipe 61 can be switched between the watering pipe 31 and the drainage pipe 62.
When the flow path of the culture solution sent from the liquid feeding pump 30 and passing through the pipe 61 is connected to the watering pipe 31, the culture solution is sent to the watering pipe 31 and sprinkled into the medium.
When the flow path of the culture medium sent from the liquid feeding pump 30 and passing through the pipe 61 is switched by the operation of the switching valve 60 and connected to the drain pipe 62, the culture liquid is stored in the culture liquid storage section 20 below the outer container 10. The culture broth that has been discharged flows out through the drain pipe 62.

  According to this embodiment, the culture solution can be sucked out by the liquid feeding pump 30 and discharged to the outside. Thereby, when exchanging a culture solution, when washing | cleaning the culture solution storage part 20, etc., a culture solution can be easily discharged | emitted outside.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a cultivation device 400 according to the fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a float valve 72 that penetrates the wall portion of the outer container 10 is provided, and the float 71 extends from the float valve 72 to the culture solution storage unit 20. The float valve 72 opens and closes depending on the position of the float 71. A water supply source 73 is connected to the float valve 72. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description of similar configurations is omitted.

When the water level of the culture solution in the culture solution storage unit 20 becomes lower than the predetermined water level, the float valve 72 connected to the float 71 is opened, and water is supplied from the water supply source 73 such as a water supply to the culture solution storage unit 20. When the water level of the culture solution in the culture solution storage unit 20 exceeds a predetermined water level, the float valve 72 is closed and the supply of water from a water supply source 73 such as a water supply is stopped.
Thereby, the water quantity of the culture solution storage part 20 can be kept constant.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,300,400 Cultivation apparatus 3,103 Wall surface greening system 5,105 Base 10 Exterior container 11 Horizontal wall part 11a Inner area | region 11b Outer area | region 11c Step part 12 End wall part 13 Intermediate wall part 16 Insertion hole 17 Mesh member 20 Culture solution storage Reference numeral 29: Stand mounting recess 30 Liquid feed pump 31 Sprinkling pipe 31a Sprinkling hole 40 Medium housing part 46 Medium 50 Fertilizer housing part 120 Lid member

Claims (6)

A culture medium reservoir,
A medium containing part provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the upper space of the culture medium storage part, and a fertilizer containing part narrower than the medium containing part, provided on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the upper space ;
A liquid feed line that extends upward from the culture medium reservoir , and further extends in the longitudinal direction at the top of the fertilizer container and the medium container , and sprays nutrient solution to the fertilizer container and the medium container ,
A liquid feed pump for feeding the nutrient solution to the liquid feed line;
A cultivation device comprising: The fertilizer storage part is provided on the side where the liquid feeding pump is disposed with respect to the culture medium storage part.
The cultivation apparatus according to claim 1.   A float extending to the culture medium reservoir;
  A float valve connected to the float and a water supply source,
  By opening and closing the float valve according to the position of the float corresponding to the water level in the culture medium reservoir, water supply and supply stop to the culture medium reservoir from the water supply source are performed.
The cultivation device according to claim 1 or 2.   A switching valve is provided in the middle of the pipe extending from the liquid feed pump to the watering line, one of the switching valves is connected to the watering line, and the other is connected to a drain pipe.
The cultivation apparatus of any one of Claim 1 to 3. The cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and
A mounting portion mounted on the outer periphery of the culture medium storage unit and the culture medium storage unit;
An attracting part that is detachable with respect to the mounting part and is arranged on top of the culture medium storage part,
A gantry comprising,
Wall greening system comprising The culture medium disposed in the medium storage section provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the upper space of the culture medium storage section in which the nutrient solution is stored, and provided on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the upper space, from the culture medium storage section And feeding the nutrient solution to the fertilizer placed in the narrow fertilizer container ,
While irrigating the medium with the nutrient solution, dissolving the fertilizer with the nutrient solution,
The nutrient solution that has not been absorbed into the culture medium, and the nutrient solution that has become higher in fertilizer components by containing the dissolved fertilizer, is allowed to flow down to the culture solution reservoir,
In the culture solution storage unit, the nutrient solution to be sprinkled in the upper space is stored.
Nutrient solution circulation method.

Images