JP4313616B2 - Hydroponic cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus capable of cultivating a plant in a narrow space without taking time and effort in a home or workplace.
[0002]
[Prior art]
One of the plant cultivation methods is hydroponics. Hydroponics is a method of cultivating a plant by applying a fertilizer nutrient solution in which the nutrient moisture necessary for plant growth is adjusted without using soil. As a hydroponic cultivation apparatus to which this hydroponic cultivation is applied, for example, a household hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is an artificial soil 21 for plant growth such as porous ceramics as shown in FIG. Is constituted by an inner box 22 in which the fertilizer nutrient solution 23 is accommodated and an outer box 25 in which the fertilizer nutrient solution 23 is accommodated and immersed in the fertilizer nutrient solution is accommodated via the support legs 24. A vent hole 26 is formed in the side surface and / or the bottom surface of the fertilizer, and the fertilizer nutrient solution 23 is sucked up from the vent hole 26 below the water surface 27 of the fertilizer nutrient solution 23 shown by a one-dot chain line in the figure.
[0003]
According to this household nutrient solution cultivating apparatus, it is possible to uniformly supply the fertilizer nutrient solution, keep the artificial soil in a suitable wet state, and in addition to this, vents formed at appropriate positions Since air can be sufficiently circulated into the cultivation soil, plant roots can be sufficiently grown, and the artificial cultivation soil can be heated at high temperatures. Roots can be easily removed and artificial soil can be renewed. Therefore, the same artificial soil can be used even in plants that require cropping, and since the artificial soil is stored in the inner box, the artificial soil can be washed just by taking out the inner box, which enables fertilizer The advantage is that the nutrient solution can be changed easily and completely.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-231730
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional household hydroponics device has the following problems.
[0006]
(1) Since the inner box has a double structure that is supported by the support legs in the outer box, the fertilizer nutrient solution level decreased from the bottom of the inner box as the fertilizer nutrient solution decreased. In this case, the water level indicated by the solid line in FIG.
[0007]
In addition, the fertilizer nutrient solution remaining in the outer box after the water level is lowered has the balance of the ionic concentration in the fertilizer nutrient solution absorbed by the fertilizer nutrient solution absorption of the plant and the artificial soil fertilizer nutrient solution adsorption so far. If a new fertilizer nutrient solution is replenished to the remaining fertilizer nutrient solution, the whole fertilizer nutrient solution becomes in a state where the balance of ionic concentration is lost, and if plants are cultivated with the fertilizer nutrient solution, there is a risk of causing growth failure. There is.
[0008]
Since the fertilizer nutrient solution does not penetrate the artificial soil when the water level of the fertilizer nutrient solution falls below the bottom of the inner box, the fertilizer nutrient solution is replenished at that time, so the replenishment interval is short. Therefore, supply management is troublesome.
[0009]
(2) Because the upper surface of both the inner box and the outer box is open, the fertilizer nutrient solution is concentrated by evaporation, diluted with rainwater, pests adhere to the roots, or light hits the fertilizer nutrient solution As a result, algae may be generated on the surface of the artificial soil and the fertilizer nutrient solution, which may cause plant growth failure.
[0010]
(3) At the time of plant replanting, it is necessary to bake the artificial soil, which has the disadvantage of requiring much labor.
[0011]
Accordingly, the present invention provides a hydroponic cultivation apparatus that can cultivate plants in a small space without taking time and effort in a home or workplace.
[0012]
The solution cultivating apparatus of the present invention is supported while being supported in a container having an open top, a solid medium accommodated in the container, and disposed in the container, the solid medium being separated from the bottom of the container. A hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising a partition member for filling a part of a solid medium up to the bottom of a container and a foamed polystyrene lid covering the upper part of the container, wherein the container is washed with warm water at the bottom of its side wall There are provided a wash water discharge hole for warm water that discharges water and an overflow hole that overflows when the fertilizer nutrient solution rises above a certain level, and the partition members are respectively directed downward from the opposite side walls of the container toward the center. A solid surface inclined to the bottom of the container is supported, and a vertical surface is formed continuously from the inclined surface to the bottom surface of the container. In the groove to be filled is formed, a plurality of through holes are formed in the inclined surface and a vertical plane, together with the dividing line through and opening is formed an opening planting plants is provided on the lid and supports the stem of the plant A support hole for inserting a support post is provided, a pipe is formed by inserting the support into the container from the support hole, and a supply tank for supplying the fertilizer nutrient solution and the level of the fertilizer nutrient solution are displayed. A water level gauge is installed .
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the entire hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof. The container 1 has a box shape with the top opened, and the side wall 2 has an upwardly inclined shape so that a large number of containers can be stacked during transportation, and the upper edge of the container can be easily supported by hand. Thus, the step 3 may be formed on the outside. The container 1 is formed of a synthetic resin such as polypropylene.
[0014]
The bottom of the side wall 2 of the container 1 is provided with a washing water discharge hole 5 through which washing water is discharged when the solid medium 4 is washed. The washing water discharge hole 5 is closed with a stopper during cultivation. At the time of replanting, remove the roots of the plant remaining in the solid medium and hang warm water (washing water) evenly from the top of the solid medium and let it flow from the discharge hole, or the water surface remains on the top of the solid medium with the discharge hole plugged. The warm water is poured from the top of the solid medium until it comes to the surface, left for a certain period of time, then the plug of the discharge hole is removed and the warm water is flowed.
[0015]
Furthermore, an overflow hole 7 through which the fertilizer nutrient solution 6 flows out is provided in the side wall 2 so that the water level of the fertilizer nutrient solution 6 does not exceed a certain level. The overflow hole 7 can prevent the supply of an excessive fertilizer nutrient solution 6 exceeding a certain level, thereby suppressing growth disorders such as root rot.
[0016]
In the container, a partition member 8 that supports the solid medium 4 by partitioning the solid medium 4 and the fertilizer nutrient solution 6 on each of the opposing side walls 2 is provided. The partition member 8 separates the solid medium 4 from the bottom 9 of the container 1 to support the solid medium 4, and the inclined surface 10 inclined downward toward the center and the bottom of the container 1 continuously to the inclined surface 10. Up to nine vertical planes 11 are formed. A plurality of through holes 12 are formed in the inclined surface 10 and the vertical surface 11, and the fertilizer nutrient solution 6 penetrates into the solid medium 4 or air passes through the through holes 12, and the through holes 12 in the inclined surface 10. Then, the fertilizer nutrient solution sprinkled on the surface of the solid medium 4 flows downward.
[0017]
A groove 13 is formed between the vertical surfaces 11 of the opposing partition members 8, and a part of the solid medium 4 is continuously filled from the solid medium 4 supported on the inclined surface 10 to the bottom 9 of the container 1. Then, the fertilizer nutrient solution 6 is infiltrated into the solid medium 4 through the through holes 12.
[0018]
Optimize the type and particle size of the solid medium 4, the thickness of the solid medium, the water level of the fertilizer nutrient solution, the contact area between the solid medium and the fertilizer nutrient solution, and appropriately adjust the ratio of air and fertilizer nutrient solution in the solid medium By keeping it, you can grow the crops healthy.
[0019]
A partition member is not limited to the groove | channel 13 of the shape shown in FIG. 2, The thing shown to Fig.3 (a)-(c) may be sufficient. In short, it is only necessary that the solid medium is supported separately from the bottom of the container, and a part of the supported solid medium is filled up to the bottom of the container.
[0020]
As the solid medium 4, an artificial solid medium such as ceramics, a natural solid medium such as Bora earth and peat moss, and a solid medium obtained by mixing two or more of these solid mediums are used. Maintain a moderate ratio of air and fertilizer nutrient solution.
[0021]
The upper opening of the container 1 is covered with a lid 14 such as polystyrene foam. The lid 14 forms an opening 15 in a plant planting part. The number of openings 15 should be one or more so as not to become dense. For example, by adjusting the volume and depth of the solid medium equivalent to growing about 2 plants (cucumber, tomato, etc.), it becomes a light and compact hydroponic cultivation device, and it can be used at home and at work. Plant cultivation is possible without taking. Moreover, maintenance is easy and the structure of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus becomes simple. The lid 14 may be divided by a dividing line passing through the opening 15 so that the lid 14 can be removed without being interfered with by the grown plant. By covering the solid medium 4 with the lid 14 and further covering the unused opening 15 with the lid, the evaporation of the fertilizer nutrient solution 6 is suppressed and the concentration of the fertilizer nutrient solution 6 is prevented. Prevents the fertilizer nutrient solution 6 from diluting, and prevents the weed seeds, dust and other foreign substances from entering from outside, preventing the complexity of cultivation management such as solid medium contamination and foreign matter removal In addition, the prevention of diseases caused by pests by preventing the attachment of pests to the roots, and the generation of algae on the surface of the solid medium and the fertilizer nutrient solution by applying sunlight or other light to the fertilizer nutrient solution can do.
[0022]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. By adopting a bottom surface feed system for the fertilizer nutrient solution, the structure becomes simple and easy to manage, but an auxiliary tank 16 is provided in order to minimize the number of times the fertilizer nutrient solution is also used for watering (the number of replenishments). May be. Further, a water level meter 17 may be provided so that a guideline for replenishing the fertilizer nutrient solution can be understood.
[0023]
Further, the lid 14 may be provided with a support hole 18 for supporting a plant stem, a pipe 19 provided in the container from the support hole 18, and a support 20 inserted into the pipe 19.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
The effects of the present invention are as follows.
[0025]
(1) Since a part of the solid medium is filled up to the bottom of the container, it is only necessary to add the fertilizer nutrient solution after sucking the fertilizer nutrient solution, so that it can be cultivated without greatly losing the balance of the ion concentration. In addition, since the labor of replenishing the fertilizer nutrient solution frequently can be saved, as a result, fertilization and fertilization management become simple and easy. Furthermore, replenishment of fertilizer nutrient solution can be reduced by attaching an auxiliary tank.
[0026]
(2) It becomes a light and compact hydroponic cultivation device, and it is possible to grow plants without taking up space at home or at work. Moreover, since the electrical equipment etc. are unnecessary for a container and a lid | cover, the structure of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus becomes simple.
[0027]
(3) The next plant can be cultivated by repeated use with simple washing just by removing the roots remaining in the solid medium and washing with warm water.
[0028]
(4) A plant can be easily supported by setting up a support post on the lid according to cultivation.
[0029]
(5) Since a solid medium is used, it is not necessary to add soil, and since no soil is required, there is no disease from the soil.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the entire hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus for a home garden.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Container 2: Side wall 3: Stage 4: Solid medium 5: Washing water discharge hole 6: Fertilizer nutrient solution 7: Overflow hole 8: Partition member 9: Bottom 10: Inclined surface 11: Vertical surface 12: Through hole 13: Groove 14: Lid 15: Opening 16: Auxiliary tank 17: Water level gauge 18: Prop hole 19: Pipe 20: Prop 21: Artificial soil 22: Inner box 23: Fertilizer nutrient solution 24: Support leg 25: Outer box 26: Vent 27 : Liquid level 28: Water level

Claims (1)

A container having an open top, a solid medium accommodated in the container, and disposed in the container to support the solid medium apart from the bottom of the container, and to support a part of the supported solid medium in the container A hydroponics device comprising a partition member that fills up to the bottom, and a polystyrene foam cover that covers the top of the container,
A washing water discharge hole of the hot water to said container for discharging the warm water of the washing water at the bottom of the side wall, the overflow hole is provided to overflow when the fertilizer nutrient solution rises above a predetermined level,
The partition member includes an inclined surface that supports the solid medium inclined downward from the opposite side walls of the container toward the center, and supports the solid medium separately from the bottom of the container, and a vertical surface that extends continuously from the inclined surface to the bottom surface of the container. A groove that fills a part of the solid medium up to the bottom of the container is formed on the opposing vertical surface, and a plurality of through holes are formed on the inclined surface and the vertical surface ,
The lid is provided with an opening for planting, and a dividing line passing through the opening is provided, and a support hole for inserting a support for supporting a plant stem is provided, and the support is inserted into the container through the support hole. A hydroponic cultivation apparatus , wherein a standing pipe is provided, and a water supply meter for displaying the level of the fertilizer nutrient solution and a replenishment tank for supplying the fertilizer nutrient solution to the container are installed .

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