JP6202570B2 - Fish anesthetic agent, method for producing the same, and method for determining the expiration date of the fish anesthetic agent - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fish anesthetic, a method for producing the same, and a method for determining the expiration date of the fish anesthetic.

  In the field of fish farming and cultivating fisheries, anesthetics are used for vaccination, chopping, labeling, and various measurements. Conventionally, FA100 (main component / eugenol), which has been approved as a veterinary drug, has been used as an anesthetic for fish. In addition, the FA100 has an anesthetic liquid that becomes turbid when used, bubbles appear on the liquid surface, making it difficult to observe the fish, and there are many cases of fish that die after anesthesia, and there is a unique smell. For such reasons, it is not necessarily a good anesthetic.

  In addition, 2-phenoxyethanol, an academic reagent that has not been approved as a veterinary drug, has been reported to have an anesthetic effect on rainbow trout and red sea bream, and is less expensive than FA100. However, 2-phenoxyethanol has problems from the viewpoint of food safety such as being unapproved as a veterinary drug and not being designated as a food additive.

  On the other hand, it is widely known that carbon dioxide has an anesthetic effect on fish. Conventionally, when carbon dioxide is used as an anesthetic, anesthesia is achieved by a method of venting carbon dioxide into water using a carbon dioxide cylinder or a method of generating carbon dioxide by adding a prescribed amount of sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid into water. Has been done. However, these methods are not a simple method because it takes time and effort to prepare a cylinder and to measure and store sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid separately.

  From such a background, the present inventor has ensured sufficient food safety, is easier to use than conventional anesthetics, and is a low-cost fish anesthetic agent. A technique related to a solid fish anesthetic using the above has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 4831409

  However, solid fish anesthetics using carbonic acid gas derived from sodium bicarbonate release carbon dioxide, which is an active ingredient for anesthesia, when moisture in the air is absorbed during storage. Although an anesthetic is not obtained even if an anesthetic is used as an anesthetic, it is difficult to determine whether the anesthetic is lost due to moisture absorption by the fish anesthetic. Therefore, when using a solid fish anesthetic using carbonic acid gas derived from sodium hydrogen carbonate, the anesthetic for the fish has lost its anesthetic effect by absorbing moisture in the air during storage. It was desired to be able to easily determine whether or not.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to easily determine whether or not the solid fish anesthetic using carbonic acid gas derived from sodium hydrogen carbonate has absorbed the moisture in the air during storage and the anesthetic effect has disappeared. An object of the present invention is to provide a technique relating to a solid fish anesthetic, a method for producing the same, and a method for determining the expiration date of the solid fish anesthetic.

  As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, a water-soluble pigment that is a food additive is contained in a part of the surface of a solid fish anesthetic using carbonic acid gas derived from sodium hydrogen carbonate, and the solid fish It was found that it was possible to easily determine whether or not the anesthetic effect of the solid fish anesthetic was lost by observing the color change of the water-soluble pigment present on the surface of the anesthetic with the naked eye.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of such findings, and is a solid fish anesthetic using carbonic acid gas derived from sodium hydrogen carbonate that can determine the expiration date by changing the color tone of a water-soluble dye. It contains sodium hydride, an organic acid, and a water-soluble pigment that is a food additive, and the water-soluble pigment is partly on the surface of the fish anesthetic so that the color change of the water-soluble pigment can be observed with the naked eye. The present invention provides an anesthetic agent for solid fish characterized in that it exists.

  The present invention also relates to a method for producing a solid fish anesthetic agent using carbonic acid gas derived from sodium hydrogen carbonate, the expiration date of which can be determined by changing the color tone of a water-soluble dye, comprising sodium bicarbonate and organic A step of preparing a mixture containing an acid, a step of adding a water-soluble dye as a food additive to the mixture so as to be present on a part of the surface of the fish anesthetic agent, and the addition of the water-soluble dye A method for producing a solid fish anesthetic agent, comprising the step of molding sodium bicarbonate into a solid form.

  Furthermore, the present invention is a method for determining the expiration date of the above-mentioned solid fish anesthetic agent, comprising a water-soluble dye as a food additive in part of the surface of the fish anesthetic agent, The solid fish anesthetic agent absorbs moisture, so that the water-soluble pigment oozes out, and the expiration date is determined based on the color tone of the water-soluble pigment being lowered or disappeared. A method for determining the expiration date of an anesthetic is provided.

  According to the solid fish anesthetic agent of the present invention, a method for producing the same, and a method for determining the expiration date of the solid fish anesthetic agent, the solid fish anesthetic agent absorbs moisture such as air during storage. As a result, the color tone of the water-soluble pigment present on the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent is changed, and the effect that the anesthetic effect of the solid fish anesthetic agent is lost can be easily determined. .

It is a figure which shows the color tone change of the cochineal pigment | dye (0.064 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions. It is a figure which shows the color tone change of the cochineal pigment | dye (0.043 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions. It is a figure which shows the color tone change of the cochineal pigment | dye (0.034 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions. It is a figure which shows the color tone change of the cochineal pigment | dye (0.015 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions. It is a figure which shows the color change of the cochineal pigment | dye (0.0088 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions. It is a figure which shows the color change of the cochineal pigment | dye (0.0008 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions. It is a figure which shows the color tone change of gardenia yellow pigment | dye (0.05 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions. It is a figure which shows the color tone change of Spirulina blue pigment | dye (0.049 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions. It is a figure which shows the color tone change of gardenia green pigment | dye (0.045 weight%) contained in the solid fish anesthetic agent hold | maintained on the humid conditions.

  The solid fish anesthetic agent in the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The solid fish anesthetic agent according to the present embodiment contains sodium hydrogen carbonate, an organic acid, and a water-soluble pigment that is a food additive, and the color change of the water-soluble pigment can be observed with the naked eye. The water-soluble pigment is present on a part of the surface of the solid fish anesthetic.

  From the viewpoint of food safety, the sodium bicarbonate is preferably used in foods and pharmaceuticals. Moreover, if the effect of this invention is not prevented, carbonates, such as sodium carbonate and a calcium carbonate, can be used together with sodium hydrogencarbonate.

The water-soluble dyes may be those recognized as food additives from the viewpoint of food safety. For example, Benikouji red dye, gardenia red dye, cochineal dye, lac dye, red beet dye, anthocyanin dye, gardenia Examples thereof include a blue pigment, a spirulina blue pigment, an anato pigment, a gardenia yellow pigment, a safflower yellow pigment, a turmeric pigment, and a Benikouji yellow pigment. Of these, cochineal dyes are
Since it also has a pH indication function that changes color depending on the condition, it is possible to visually check whether or not the inside of the bathtub into which the solid fish anesthetic is introduced has a pH at which the anesthetic effect on the fish is sufficiently expressed. Therefore, it is a particularly preferable dye.

  On the other hand, for oil-soluble dyes and insoluble dyes, even if the solid fish anesthetic prepared using these dyes absorbs moisture such as air, the dye does not dissolve in the absorbed moisture. The pigment present on the surface of the shape fish anesthetic agent does not bleed, and no decrease or disappearance of the color of the pigment is observed. Therefore, oil-soluble pigments and insoluble pigments cannot be used because it cannot be determined whether the anesthetic effect of the solid fish anesthetic agent of this embodiment has been lost.

  The content of the water-soluble dye is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained. However, from the viewpoint of observing the color tone of the water-soluble dye with the naked eye, 0.0088% by weight to 0.064% by weight is preferable. 0.033 wt% to 0.064 wt% is more preferable.

  The fish anesthetic agent of the present embodiment is added with an organic acid in order to promote generation of carbon dioxide gas and cause foaming.

  The organic acid is not particularly limited as long as the objects and effects of the present invention can be obtained, and examples thereof include succinic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid. Therefore, those used in foods and pharmaceuticals are preferable, and succinic acid is preferably used from the viewpoint of anesthetic effects on fish. In the fish anesthetic of this embodiment, two or more organic acids may be used in combination as long as the effect as an anesthetic is not affected.

  Moreover, the weight ratio of the sodium hydrogen carbonate and the succinic acid is preferably 4: 6 to 6: 4 from the viewpoint of an anesthetic effect on fish.

  In order to promote solidification, the fish anesthetic agent of this embodiment can add a solidification accelerator.

  The solidification accelerator is preferably edible glycerin or absolute ethanol from the viewpoint of food safety.

  The amount of the edible glycerin added is preferably 2.5 to 15% by weight with respect to the weight of the raw material such as sodium hydrogencarbonate from the viewpoint of promoting solidification.

  From the viewpoint of promoting solidification, the amount of the absolute ethanol added is preferably 10 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the raw material such as sodium hydrogen carbonate.

  The solid fish anesthetic agent of the present embodiment contains the water soluble pigment in a part of the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent so that the color change of the water soluble pigment can be observed with the naked eye. As a result, when the solid fish anesthetic absorbs moisture such as in the air, the color tone of the pigment decreases or disappears due to the water-soluble pigment oozing into the moisture that has been absorbed. By observing with the naked eye, it is possible to determine whether the solid fish anesthetic absorbs moisture and the anesthetic effect of the solid fish anesthetic disappears.

  In addition, when a water-soluble dye is present on the entire surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent, even if the solid fish anesthetic agent absorbs moisture such as in the air, the water-soluble dye oozes into the absorbed moisture. Therefore, it cannot be observed whether the color tone of the pigment is lowered or disappeared, and thus it cannot be determined whether or not the anesthetic effect has disappeared by absorbing the solid fish anesthetic.

  The solid fish anesthetic agent of the present embodiment can contain other materials, food additives and the like as long as the object and effect of the present invention are not hindered.

  The method for using the solid fish anesthetic according to the embodiment of the present invention is to dissolve the solid fish anesthetic in water in a water tank and accommodate the fish to be anesthetized or accommodate the fish to be anesthetized. The fish to be anesthetized can be anesthetized by dissolving the fish anesthetic agent in the water in the water tank.

  When the solid fish anesthetic agent of the present invention is used, since the solid fish anesthetic agent contains a water-soluble pigment, the water in the tank containing the solid fish anesthetic agent is Although it is colored with a water-soluble dye, there is no particular problem. Also, when the solid fish anesthetic agent of the present invention is poured into the water in the water tank, carbon dioxide bubbles are generated, but when the carbon dioxide gas bubbles reach the water surface, the bubbles disappear, and the bubbles do not remain on the water surface. Does not interfere with the observation of fish inside.

  The solid fish anesthetic agent of the present embodiment can be used as an anesthetic agent for any fish regardless of the type of fish. , Striped horse mackerel, amberjack, red sea bream, yellowtail, flounder, rockfish, blackfish, rainbow trout, coho salmon, sweetfish, eel.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the solid fish anesthetic agent in embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The method for producing a solid fish anesthetic according to the present embodiment includes a step of preparing a mixture containing sodium hydrogen carbonate and an organic acid, and the mixture is present on a part of the surface of the fish anesthetic. It has the process of adding the water-soluble pigment | dye which is a food additive, and the process of shape | molding the sodium hydrogencarbonate to which the said water-soluble pigment | dye was added to solid form.

  In this embodiment, first, sodium hydrogen carbonate and succinic acid are mixed to prepare a mixture containing sodium hydrogen carbonate and succinic acid.

  From the viewpoint of food safety, the sodium bicarbonate is preferably used in foods and pharmaceuticals. Moreover, if the effect of this invention is not prevented, carbonates, such as sodium carbonate and a calcium carbonate, can be used together with sodium hydrogencarbonate.

  The organic acid is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention can be obtained, and can include succinic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, etc., from the viewpoint of food safety, Those used in foods and pharmaceuticals are preferred, and succinic acid is preferably used from the viewpoint of anesthetic effects on fish. In the fish anesthetic of this embodiment, two or more organic acids may be used in combination as long as the effect as an anesthetic is not affected.

  The weight ratio of the sodium bicarbonate and the succinic acid is preferably 4: 6 to 6: 4 from the viewpoint of an anesthetic effect on fish.

  Next, a water-soluble pigment, which is a food additive, is added to the mixture so as to be present on a part of the surface of the fish anesthetic after molding.

  The method of adding the food additive is not particularly limited as long as a water-soluble pigment is present on a part of the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent after molding, and for example, a predetermined amount of the food additive is previously contained in a container used for molding. Put water-soluble dye, put a mixture of sodium hydrogen carbonate and organic acid into it, and then mold and process it to make it part of the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent, Take a part of the mixture used for processing, add a predetermined amount of water-soluble dye here, mix well, put the mixture containing this water-soluble dye into a container used for molding processing, and leave it here The method of making a part of the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent contain a water-soluble pigment | dye by carrying out the shaping | molding process after throwing in the mixture of these is mentioned.

  If the solid fish anesthetic is added so that the water-soluble pigment is present on the entire surface, the prepared solid fish anesthetic will absorb moisture in the air, etc. Since the decrease or disappearance of the color tone of the dye cannot be observed due to bleeding of the water-soluble dye, it cannot be determined whether or not the anesthetic effect has disappeared due to moisture absorption by the solid fish anesthetic.

  As described above, the water-soluble dye may be any one recognized as a food additive. For example, Benikouji red dye, gardenia red dye, cochineal dye, lac dye, red beet dye, anthocyanin dye, gardenia blue dye, spirulina A blue pigment, an anato pigment, a gardenia yellow pigment, a safflower yellow pigment, a turmeric pigment, a Benikouji yellow pigment and the like can be mentioned. Among these water-soluble dyes, as described above, a cotinyl dye having a pH indicating function is particularly preferable.

  On the other hand, for oil-soluble dyes and insoluble dyes, even if the solid fish anesthetic prepared using these dyes absorbs moisture such as air, the dye does not dissolve in the absorbed moisture. The pigment present on the surface of the shape fish anesthetic agent does not bleed, and no decrease or disappearance of the color of the pigment is observed. Therefore, oil-soluble pigments and insoluble pigments cannot be used because it cannot be determined whether the anesthetic effect of the solid fish anesthetic agent of this embodiment has been lost.

  The content of the water-soluble dye is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained. However, from the viewpoint of observing the color tone of the water-soluble dye with the naked eye, 0.0088% by weight to 0.064% by weight is preferable. 0.033 wt% to 0.064 wt% is more preferable.

  Moreover, the solidification promoter for accelerating solidification can be added to the fish anesthetic agent of this embodiment.

  The solidification accelerator is preferably edible glycerin or absolute ethanol from the viewpoint of food safety.

  The amount of the edible glycerin added is preferably 2.5 to 15% by weight with respect to the weight of the raw material such as sodium hydrogencarbonate from the viewpoint of promoting solidification.

  From the viewpoint of promoting solidification, the amount of the absolute ethanol added is preferably 10 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the raw material such as sodium hydrogen carbonate.

  Furthermore, other materials and food additives can be added to the mixture as long as the objects and effects of the present invention are not hindered.

  Next, the mixture prepared by adding the water-soluble pigment prepared above is molded into a solid form.

  The molding method is not particularly limited as long as the objects and effects of the present invention can be obtained. For example, a raw material is placed in a molding container and molded, and then dried to form a solid, or a press is used. For example, a method of solidifying the raw material placed in the molding container by applying a high pressure to the raw material is included.

In this embodiment, when the raw material does not contain a solidification accelerator, the raw material is pressurized at a pressure of 1592 pounds or more per cm ² using a press.

  Through such a process, a solid fish anesthetic agent using carbonic acid gas derived from sodium hydrogen carbonate, the expiration date of which can be determined by the color change of the water-soluble pigment, can be obtained.

  Next, a method for determining the expiration date of the solid fish anesthetic in the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The method for determining the expiration date of the solid fish anesthetic according to the present embodiment is such that the water-soluble pigment present on a part of the surface of the solid fish anesthetic absorbs moisture such as in the air. The expiration date is discriminated based on the fact that the water-soluble dye is blurred and the color tone of the water-soluble dye is lowered or disappeared.

  The solid fish anesthetic contains sodium bicarbonate prepared as described above and a water-soluble pigment that is a food additive, and the solid fish so that the color change of the water-soluble pigment can be observed with the naked eye. The water-soluble pigment is present on a part of the surface of the fish anesthetic.

  In the present embodiment, the color tone of the water-soluble pigment is changed by observing the color tone of the water-soluble pigment present on a part of the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent with the naked eye, Determine decrease or disappearance. At this time, if the color tone decreases or disappears due to bleeding of the water-soluble pigment, it indicates that the solid fish anesthetic agent has absorbed moisture, and is an active ingredient for anesthesia from the solid fish anesthetic agent by moisture absorption. It can be easily determined that the anesthetic effect has disappeared due to the release of carbon dioxide gas and the expiration date for use of the solid fish anesthetic has passed.

1. Preparation of solid fish anesthesia (1) Solid fish anesthesia molded with solidification accelerator Sodium bicarbonate and succinic acid were weighed at a weight ratio of 1: 1, respectively. After mixing with a mortar, 2.5% by weight of edible glycerin was added to the mixture and kneaded to prepare a kneaded product.

  On the other hand, in the same manner as described above, edible glycerin, which is a solidification accelerator, is added to a mixture prepared by measuring sodium bicarbonate and succinic acid so as to have a weight ratio of 1: 1. 5% by weight was added and kneaded. A water-soluble pigment (cochineal pigment, gardenia yellow pigment, spirulina blue pigment or gardenia green pigment), which is a food additive, is added to the kneaded mixture in an amount of 0.1 to 8% by weight and mixed. A water-soluble dye-containing kneaded material was prepared.

  After weighing 0.1 g of the water-soluble dye-containing kneaded material containing 0.1% to 6% by weight of the water-soluble dye prepared above, and putting it in a molding container for molding into a solid state, About 12 g of the kneaded material containing no water-soluble pigment prepared in step 1 was added and pressed, and this was kept in a dryer at 60 ° C. for 24 hours to prepare a solid fish anesthetic.

(2) Solid fish anesthesia molded using a press machine Sodium bicarbonate and succinic acid are weighed to a weight ratio of 1: 1, and mixed in a mortar to prepare a mixture. did.

  On the other hand, in the same manner as described above, sodium bicarbonate and succinic acid were each weighed to have a weight ratio of 1: 1, and then 6% by weight of cochineal dye (water-soluble dye) as a food additive was added to the mixture. In addition, a cochineal dye-containing mixture was prepared by mixing.

About 12 g of the mixture prepared above was put into a molding container (a circular container having a diameter of 40 mm) of a press machine, and this was molded into a solid form by pressurizing at a pressure of 398 to 1592 pounds per 1 cm ² . Next, 0.1 g of the cochineal dye-containing mixture prepared above is added to a part of the surface of the solid-shaped mixture, and the mixture is pressed again at a pressure of 398 to 1592 pounds per cm ² for 1 minute. A fish anesthetic was prepared.

2. About color change and anesthetic effect by moisture absorption After holding the various solid fish anesthetics (Examples 1 to 9) prepared in (1) for 4 days in a thermostat having a temperature of 35 ° C. and a humidity of 80% or more, the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent is applied. The change in color tone of the water-soluble pigments present and the anesthetic effect of the solid fish anesthetic were investigated.

  In other words, the color change of the water-soluble pigment present on the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent is caused by the water-soluble pigment present on the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent that has not absorbed moisture before being held in a thermostat having a humidity of 80% or more. To compare the color tone of the dye (after 0 days) and the color tone of the water-soluble dye (after 4 days) present on the surface of the solid fish anesthetic that has been absorbed by holding it in a thermostat with a humidity of 80% or more for 4 days The decrease or disappearance of the color tone of the water-soluble dye was evaluated.

  On the other hand, the anesthetic effect on fish of the solid fish anesthetic agent is to absorb moisture by holding it in a thermostat of 80% humidity or higher for 4 days in 20 L of seawater with a water temperature of 25 ° C. so that the concentration is 1.6 g / L. The fish anesthesia was dissolved, and 5 puffer fish (approximately 20 g / individual) reared in seawater at 25 ° C. were added to the fish. It was. Whether or not puffer fish was anesthetized was determined by observing the puffer's spear movements with the naked eye, and when he fell and the breathing slowed down and the sputum movement stopped, it was judged that he was engaged in anesthesia. Moreover, the control | contrast used the anesthetic agent for solid fish which is not moisture-absorbing by hold | maintaining under dry conditions.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-9, the color tone (after 4 days) of the water-soluble pigment present on the surface of the fish anesthetic that was absorbed by holding it in a thermostat having a humidity of 80% or more for 4 days does not absorb moisture. Compared with the case (after 0 day), in all cases, the water-soluble pigment present on the surface of the solid fish anesthetic was soaked and the color tone was lowered or disappeared.

  In addition, using a solid fish anesthetic kept in a thermostat with a humidity of 80% or more for 4 days, it was investigated whether or not the puffer fish was anesthetized. In all cases, the pufferfish was not anesthetized. On the other hand, when a solid fish anesthetic that did not absorb moisture by holding under dry conditions was used, Fugu was engaged in anesthesia.

  In this way, when using a water-soluble pigment whose color tone is reduced or eliminated on the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent, an anesthetic effect could not be obtained for the fish. It was found that whether or not the solid fish anesthetic has an anesthetic effect on the fish can be determined by observing the color change of the water-soluble pigment present on the surface of the anesthetic with the naked eye.

3. Anesthetic effect of solid fish anesthesia molded using a solidification accelerator (1) Troughfish In 20 L of seawater having a water temperature of 17.5 to 27.5 ° C. The concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment is not changed is dissolved to be 0.1 to 8 g / L, and an average of 120 g / individual troughfish Five fish were introduced, and the time from when the trough was introduced until the trough was engaged in anesthesia was measured. In addition, as to whether or not the trough puffer took anesthesia, the movement of the puffer's spider was observed with the naked eye, and it was judged that he took the anesthesia when the rollover and respiration became slow and the wandering movement stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added until completely dissolved was counted. Furthermore, the pH of the seawater before and after feeding the solid fish anesthetic was measured.

  As shown in Table 3, in all cases where the water temperature was 17.5 to 27.5 ° C., it was found that trough puffer was anesthetized when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 1 g / L or more. On the other hand, when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 0.7 g / L or less, it was not affected by anesthesia at any seawater temperature.

(2) American trout Fresh water or seawater with a water temperature of 1 to 20 ° C. The solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment is not changed is dissolved in a concentration of 0.1 to 8 g / L, and fresh water at 1 to 20 ° C. is dissolved therein. Alternatively, about 230 g / individual American trout bred in seawater was introduced, and the time from when the American trout was put into the anesthet was measured. In addition, it was judged whether or not the American trout was engaged in anesthesia by visually observing the movement of the trout of the American trout with the naked eye, and the rollover and breathing became slow, and the movement of the sputum stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water or seawater until completely dissolved was counted. Furthermore, the pH of fresh water or seawater before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 4, it was found that American trout bred in fresh water was subjected to anesthesia when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 2 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature was 1 to 20 ° C. On the other hand, when the water temperature was 1 ° C., the anesthesia was applied even when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 1 g / L, but the anesthesia was not applied when the concentration was 0.1 g / L.

  On the other hand, as shown in Table 5, it was found that American trout bred in seawater is subject to anesthesia when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic is 2 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature is 1 to 20 ° C. . Further, when the water temperature was 10 and 20 ° C., the anesthesia agent for fish was used for anesthesia even when the concentration was 1 g / L, but the anesthesia was not used for 0.1 g / L.

(3) Ugui In the fresh water or seawater 20L of water temperature 1-30 degreeC, said 1. It melt | dissolved so that the density | concentration of the solid fish anesthetic for which the color tone of the cochineal pigment | dye of Example 2 prepared in (1) may not change is 0.1-8 g / L, and it is 1-30 degreeC fresh water to this. Alternatively, about 160 g / individual eels raised in seawater were introduced, and the time from when the ugly was introduced until the ugly was anesthetized was measured. In addition, it was judged whether or not Ugui was engaged in anesthesia by observing the movement of the Ugui's heel with the naked eye. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water or seawater until completely dissolved was counted. Furthermore, the pH of fresh water or seawater before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 6, it was found that the Japanese goose bred in fresh water hangs on anesthesia when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic is 4 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature is 1 to 30 ° C. On the other hand, when the water temperature was 1 ° C., the anesthesia for solid fish was 2 g / L and 1 g / L, but it was not anesthetized at the concentration of 0.1 g / L. Also in this example, the change in pH before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added could be easily confirmed visually by observing the color of the solid fish anesthetic added to the water.

  On the other hand, as shown in Table 7, it was found that the Japanese sea bream bred in seawater hangs under anesthesia when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic is 4 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature is 1 to 30 ° C. . Moreover, when the water temperature was 1 ° C., the anesthesia was applied even when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 2 g / L, but the anesthesia was not applied at the concentration of 1 g / L.

(4) Fukudojo In 20L of fresh water having a water temperature of 1 to 20 ° C, the above 1. Dissolve so that the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1), in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment does not change, is 1 to 8 g / L, and is kept in fresh water at 1 to 20 ° C. About 5 g / individual Fukudojo was added, and the time from when the Fukudojo was put in until Fukudojo was engaged in anesthesia was measured. Whether or not Fukudojo was involved in anesthesia was observed with the naked eye, such as the movements of Fukudojo's sputum, and it was determined that he was engaged in anesthesia when the rollover and breathing slowed and the movement of the spider stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water until completely dissolved was counted. Further, the pH of fresh water before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 8, it was found that fukudojo bred in fresh water was subjected to anesthesia at a solid fish anesthetic concentration of 2 g / L or more in all cases where the water temperature was 1 to 20 ° C. On the other hand, anesthesia for solid fish was not affected by anesthesia at a concentration of 1 g / L.

(5) Zebrafish To 20 L of fresh water having a water temperature of 20 to 30 ° C., the above 1. Dissolve so that the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment does not change is 1 to 10 g / L, and breed in fresh water at 20 to 30 ° C. Five zebrafish of about 0.25 g / individual were put in, and the time from when the zebrafish was put into the zebrafish was put into anesthesia was measured. In addition, as to whether or not the zebrafish was involved in anesthesia, the movements of the zebrafish spears were observed with the naked eye, and it was judged that they were engaged in anesthesia when the rollover and breathing slowed and the wrinkle movement stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water until completely dissolved was counted. Further, the pH of fresh water before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 9, it was found that zebrafish bred in fresh water were subjected to anesthesia when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 4 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature was 20-30 ° C. On the other hand, when the water temperature was 30 ° C., anesthesia was applied even when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 2 g / L, but the anesthesia was not applied at the concentration of 1 g / L.

(6) Platy To 20 L of fresh water having a water temperature of 20 to 30 ° C., the above 1. Dissolve so that the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment does not change is 2 to 10 g / L, and breed in fresh water at 20 to 30 ° C. About 5 g of the platies of about 0.4 g / individual were put in, and the time from when the platies were put into place until the platies got into anesthesia was measured. As to whether or not Prati was involved in anesthesia, the movement of Plati's sputum was observed with the naked eye, and it was judged that he was engaged in anesthesia when the rollover and breathing slowed and the movement of the sputum stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water until completely dissolved was counted. Further, the pH of fresh water before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 10, it was found that the platters bred in fresh water were subjected to anesthesia when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 4 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature was 20-30 ° C. On the other hand, when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 2 g / L, anesthesia was not affected.

(7) Medaka To 20 L of fresh water having a water temperature of 10 to 30 ° C., the above 1. Dissolve so that the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment does not change is 1 to 10 g / L, and keep it in fresh water at 10 to 30 ° C. Five medaka fish of about 0.23 g / individual were put in, and the time from when the medaka was put in until the medaka was engaged in anesthesia was measured. As to whether or not the medaka was involved in anesthesia, the movement of the medaka moth was observed with the naked eye, and it was judged that the medaka was engaged in anesthesia when the rollover and breathing slowed and the heel movement stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water until completely dissolved was counted. Further, the pH of fresh water before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 11, it was found that the medaka bred in fresh water was subjected to anesthesia when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 4 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature was 10 to 30 ° C. On the other hand, when the water temperature was 10 ° C., the anesthesia was applied even when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 2 g / L, but the anesthesia was not applied at the concentration of 1 g / L.

(8) Nishikigoi To 20 L of fresh water having a water temperature of 5 to 30 ° C. Dissolved so that the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment was not changed is 1 to 20 g / L, and was bred in fresh water at 5 to 30 ° C. Approximately 27 g / individual Nishikigoi was injected, and the time from when the Nishikigoi was introduced until it became anesthetized was measured. Whether or not Nishikigoi was involved in anesthesia was observed with the naked eye, such as the movements of Nishikigoi's sputum, and it was determined that he was engaged in anesthesia when the rollover and breathing slowed and the movement of the spider stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water until completely dissolved was counted. Further, the pH of fresh water before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 12, it was found that the Nishikigoi bred in fresh water hangs on anesthesia at a solid fish anesthetic concentration of 5 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature is 20-30 ° C. On the other hand, when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 1 g / L, anesthesia was not affected.

(9) Magoi To 20L of fresh water having a water temperature of 5 to 30 ° C, the above 1. Dissolved so that the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment was not changed is 1 to 20 g / L, and was bred in fresh water at 5 to 30 ° C. Approximately 5Og / individual Magoi of about 26g were introduced, and the time from when Magoi was introduced until Magoi was engaged in anesthesia was measured. As for whether Magoi was involved in anesthesia, the movement of Magoi's spider was observed with the naked eye, and it was judged that he was engaged in anesthesia when the rollover and breathing slowed and the movement of the spider stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water until completely dissolved was counted. Further, the pH of fresh water before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 13, Magoi raised in fresh water was found to be anesthetized when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 5 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature was 20-30 ° C. On the other hand, anesthesia for solid fish was not affected by anesthesia at a concentration of 1 g / L.

(10) Tilapia To 20 L of fresh water having a water temperature of 20 to 30 ° C. Dissolve so that the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment of Example 2 prepared in (1) does not change is 1 to 20 g / L, and is bred in fresh water at 20 to 30 ° C. 5 tilapia of about 29 g / individual were introduced, and the time from when tilapia was introduced until tilapia was engaged in anesthesia was measured. As to whether or not Tilapia was involved in anesthesia, we observed the movement of Tilapia's sputum with the naked eye and judged that he was engaged in anesthesia when the rollover and breathing slowed and the movement of the spear stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water until completely dissolved was counted. Further, the pH of fresh water before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 14, tilapia bred in fresh water was found to be anesthetized when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 5 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature was 20-30 ° C. On the other hand, anesthesia for solid fish was not affected by anesthesia at a concentration of 1 g / L.

(11) Rainbow trout To fresh water or seawater 20 L with a water temperature of 1 to 20 ° C., the above 1. The solid fish anesthetic agent of Example 2 prepared in (1) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment is not changed is dissolved in a concentration of 0.1 to 8 g / L, and fresh water at 1 to 20 ° C. is dissolved therein. Alternatively, about 159 g / individual rainbow trout bred in seawater were introduced, and the time from when the rainbow trout was introduced until the rainbow trout became anesthetized was measured. Whether or not rainbow trout was involved in anesthesia, the movement of the rainbow trout moth was observed with the naked eye, and it was determined that the rainbow trout was engaged in anesthesia when the movement of the moth stopped. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added to fresh water until completely dissolved was counted. Further, the pH of fresh water before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

As shown in Table 15, rainbow trout bred in fresh water was found to be anesthetized when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 1 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature was 1 to 20 ° C. On the other hand, the anesthesia agent for solid fish was not affected by anesthesia at a concentration of 0.1 g / L.

On the other hand, as shown in Table 16, rainbow trout bred in seawater was found to be anesthetized when the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic was 1 g / L or higher in all cases where the water temperature was 1 to 20 ° C. . On the other hand, the anesthesia agent for solid fish was not affected by anesthesia at a concentration of 0.1 g / L.

  To 20 L of fresh water or brackish water (having 2/3 seawater pH 8.06 or 1/3 seawater seawater pH 7.92) having a water temperature of 10 ° C. It melt | dissolved so that the density | concentration of the solid fish anesthetic for which the color tone of the cochineal pigment | dye of Example 2 prepared in (1) may not change is 0.1-8 g / L, and it is 10 degreeC fresh water or brackish water. 5 rainbow trouts of about 159g / individual bred in (2/3 seawater pH 8.06 or 1/3 seawater seawater pH 7.92) are introduced, and from the time when the rainbow trout is put into the anesthesia Was measured. Whether or not rainbow trout was involved in anesthesia, the movement of the rainbow trout spider was observed with the naked eye. In addition, the time from when the solid fish anesthetic was added until completely dissolved was counted. Furthermore, the pH before and after the solid fish anesthetic was added was measured.

  As shown in Table 17, rainbow trout bred with brackish water with an alkaline pH, when they are subjected to anesthesia, the anesthetic is less likely to hang than rainbow trout bred with brackish water with a neutral pH. Was recognized. Similarly, rainbow trout bred in fresh water with an alkaline pH was found to be less susceptible to anesthetics when subjected to anesthesia than rainbow trout bred in fresh water with a neutral pH. From this, it was inferred that anesthesia can be easily affected in an acidic state, and if seawater (around pH 8) is neutral (around pH 7), anesthesia is expected in a shorter time.

  In each of the above-mentioned experiments, it is also easy to visually observe the color change of the solid fish anesthetic added to the water before and after the addition of the solid fish anesthetic. I was able to confirm.

4). Anesthetic effect of solid fish anesthesia molded and processed using a press machine. Dissolve so that the concentration of the solid fish anesthetic agent that is not changed in color tone of the cochineal pigment molded using the press machine of Example 10 prepared in (2) is 0.4 to 1.0 g / L. Then, about 1.2 g / solid (total length: 31 mm) of red sea bream raised in fresh water at 24 ° C. was added thereto, and the time from when the red sea bream was placed until the red sea bream took anesthesia was measured. As to whether or not the red sea bream took anesthesia, the movement of the red sea bream was observed with the naked eye. On the other hand, as a control, 1. The fish anesthetic (Example 2) in which the color tone of the cochineal pigment molded using the solidification accelerator prepared in (1) did not change was also examined in the same manner.

  As shown in Table 18, the anesthetic for solid fish molded by a press machine had the same anesthetic effect as the anesthetic for solid fish molded by a solidification accelerator. In this way, the same anesthetic effect can be obtained for fish both with an anesthetic for solidified fish molded by pressing with a press machine and an anesthetic for solid fish molded with a solidification accelerator. Regardless, it was found that the solid fish anesthetic has an anesthetic effect on the fish.

Claims (10)

A solid fish anesthetic using carbonic acid gas derived from sodium bicarbonate that can determine the expiration date based on the color change of the water-soluble dye,
Contains sodium hydrogen carbonate, organic acids, and water-soluble pigments that are food additives,
The water-soluble dye is present on a part of the surface of the fish anesthetic so that the color change of the water-soluble dye can be observed with the naked eye,
An anesthetic for solid fish. The water-soluble dye is one water-soluble dye selected from the group consisting of a cochineal dye, a gardenia yellow dye, a spirulina blue dye, and a gardenia green dye.
The anesthetic for solid fish according to claim 1. The content of the water-soluble dye is 0.0088 wt% to 0.064 wt%,
The anesthetic for solid fish according to claim 1 or 2. The organic acid is succinic acid,
The anesthetic for solid fish according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Further, characterized by containing a solidification accelerator,
The anesthetic for solid fish according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The solidification accelerator is edible glycerin or absolute ethanol,
The solid fish anesthetic agent according to claim 5. The fish are American trout, cormorant, fukudojo, zebrafish, prati, medaka, nishikigoi, magoi, tilapia, striped mackerel, amberjack, red sea bream, trough, yellowtail, flounder, rockfish, crocodile, rainbow trout, coho salmon, sweetfish, eel,
The anesthetic for solid fish according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A method for producing a solid fish anesthetic agent using carbon dioxide gas derived from sodium hydrogen carbonate that can determine the expiration date by changing the color tone of a water-soluble pigment,
Preparing a mixture containing sodium bicarbonate and an organic acid;
Adding a water-soluble dye, which is a food additive, to be present on a part of the surface of the fish anesthetic agent in the mixture;
Molding the sodium bicarbonate to which the water-soluble dye is added into a solid state;
The manufacturing method of the anesthetic for solid fish which has this. The molding process is pressurized by a press at a pressure of 1592 pounds per cm ² or more,
The manufacturing method of the anesthetic for solid fishes of Claim 8. A method for determining the expiration date of the solid fish anesthetic according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The water-soluble dye present on a part of the surface of the solid fish anesthetic agent absorbs moisture, so that the water-soluble dye oozes out and the expiration date is determined based on the decrease or disappearance of the color of the water-soluble dye. It is characterized by
A method for determining the expiration date of a solid fish anesthetic.