JP6199627B2

JP6199627B2 - Temperature difference generator

Info

Publication number: JP6199627B2
Application number: JP2013137037A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 佐々木　恵一; 恵一佐々木; 功一後藤; 大介堀川; 田中　明; 明田中
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp
Priority date: 2013-06-28
Filing date: 2013-06-28
Publication date: 2017-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-28
Also published as: JP2015012173A

Description

本発明の実施形態は、温度差により発電する熱電変換モジュールを備えた温度差発電装置に関する。 Embodiments described herein relate generally to a temperature difference power generation apparatus including a thermoelectric conversion module that generates power based on a temperature difference.

温度差発電装置は、熱電変換モジュールの両面に温度差をつけることで生じる電力を取り出す、非化石燃料による環境に優しい発電機である。この温度差発電装置は、工場排水や温水などの熱源からエネルギーを回収し、独立電源として現場の照明や機器へ電力を供給したり、停電時に備えたバックアップ電源への蓄電を行ったりする用途に用いることができる。ところで、温度差発電装置の実用化のためには、素子性能向上のための材料技能、モジュール化技術、システム内の伝熱性能向上のための熱交換技術等が重要とされている。 The temperature difference power generator is an environment-friendly generator using non-fossil fuel that extracts electric power generated by making a temperature difference between both surfaces of a thermoelectric conversion module. This temperature difference power generator recovers energy from heat sources such as factory wastewater and hot water, and supplies power to on-site lighting and equipment as an independent power source, or stores power to a backup power source in case of power failure Can be used. By the way, for practical application of the temperature difference power generation device, material skills for improving element performance, modularization technology, heat exchange technology for improving heat transfer performance in the system, and the like are important.

図４は、従来の温度差発電システムの概略的な構成を示す概念図である。
温度差発電システムは、例えば温泉地やごみ焼却設備など、温度差発電に好適な熱流体を得られる場所に設置されるものであり、基本的な要素として温度差発電装置１と切替装置２と制御装置３とを有する。温度差発電装置１は、熱媒を流す直方体形の高温チャンバー１ａと冷媒を流す直方体形の低温チャンバー１ｂとを交互に複数台配置し、熱電変換モジュール収納部（スロット）９に収納される熱電変換モジュール（図示せず）を隣接するチャンバー間にそれぞれ挟んだ構造を有する。熱媒が流れる方向と冷媒が流れる方向とは、対向流を成している。低温チャンバー１ｂは、外気に触れる面積の大きい最外側に配置される。各流路の片方の端部下側には、熱流体を取り込むための配管７が設けられ、当該流路のもう片方の端部上側には、熱流体を排出するための配管８が設けられる。なお、図４中の矢印は、温度差発電装置１内を流れる熱流体の流れの向きを示している。 FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional temperature difference power generation system.
The temperature difference power generation system is installed in a place where a thermal fluid suitable for temperature difference power generation can be obtained, such as a hot spring resort or a waste incineration facility. As a basic element, the temperature difference power generation device 1 and the switching device 2 are provided. And a control device 3. The temperature difference power generator 1 includes a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped high-temperature chambers 1a through which a heat medium flows and rectangular parallelepiped low-temperature chambers 1b through which a refrigerant flows. Each conversion module (not shown) is sandwiched between adjacent chambers. The direction in which the heat medium flows and the direction in which the refrigerant flows form an opposing flow. The low-temperature chamber 1b is disposed on the outermost side having a large area in contact with the outside air. A pipe 7 for taking in the thermal fluid is provided below one end of each flow path, and a pipe 8 for discharging the thermal fluid is provided above the other end of the flow path. In addition, the arrow in FIG. 4 has shown the direction of the flow of the thermal fluid which flows through the inside of the temperature difference power generator 1. FIG.

切替装置２は、所望の電流および電圧が得られるように熱電変換モジュールの各々を電気的に直列接続および並列接続する組合せの切り替えを行うためのリレー回路である。直接接続する熱電変換モジュールの数と並列接続する熱電変換モジュールの数とを切り替えることにより、出力される電流および電圧を変更することができる。 The switching device 2 is a relay circuit for switching the combination of electrically connecting the thermoelectric conversion modules in series and in parallel so that a desired current and voltage can be obtained. By switching the number of thermoelectric conversion modules directly connected and the number of thermoelectric conversion modules connected in parallel, the output current and voltage can be changed.

制御装置３は、切替装置２を通じて得られる電力の蓄電および直流／交流変換を行うための制御盤である。この制御装置３は、蓄電装置としてのバッテリや、バッテリに対する電力の充放電の制御を行うチャージコントローラ、直流から交流への変換を行うインバータなどを備えている。制御装置３の出力は、例えばテレビ装置、照明機器、表示装置などの負荷に供給される。このような構成により、温度差発電システムは、独立した電源として現場の照明や機器へ電力供給したり、停電時に備えたバックアップ電源への蓄電を行ったりする用途に用いることが可能となる。 The control device 3 is a control panel for storing electric power obtained through the switching device 2 and performing DC / AC conversion. The control device 3 includes a battery as a power storage device, a charge controller that controls charging / discharging of electric power to the battery, an inverter that performs conversion from direct current to alternating current, and the like. The output of the control device 3 is supplied to a load such as a television device, a lighting device, or a display device. With such a configuration, the temperature difference power generation system can be used for applications such as supplying power to on-site lighting and equipment as an independent power source, or storing power to a backup power source in case of a power failure.

制御装置３には、温度差発電システムから出力される電力を使用する機器として、例えば液晶テレビ４、ＬＥＤランプ５、および総発電量，消費電力，ＣＯ_２削減量を表示する表示装置としての電光掲示板６が接続される。 The control device 3 includes, for example, a liquid crystal television 4 and an LED lamp 5 as devices that use power output from the temperature difference power generation system, and lightning as a display device that displays the total power generation amount, power consumption, and CO ₂ reduction amount. The bulletin board 6 is connected.

特開２０１２−８０７６１号公報JP 2012-80761 A

一般に、温度差発電装置は、受注毎に製作するインデントな製品が多く、熱源の規模や形態に合わせて、その都度、設計しなければならないため、時間やコストが増大する傾向がある。例えば、熱電変換モジュールの伝熱のばらつきは、温度差発電システムの発電性能の低下を招くため、その対策のために多大な時間や費用がかかっている。また、熱電変換モジュールに温度差を与える熱源形式としては、熱流体を流すチャンバー（角配管）方式が主流であるが、この方式では、コスト低減と性能向上を図るために複雑な工夫を必要とする。 In general, there are many indented products manufactured for each order, and the temperature difference power generation apparatus must be designed each time according to the scale and form of the heat source, which tends to increase time and cost. For example, the variation in heat transfer of the thermoelectric conversion module causes a decrease in power generation performance of the temperature difference power generation system, so that a great deal of time and cost are required for the countermeasure. In addition, as a heat source format that gives a temperature difference to the thermoelectric conversion module, a chamber (square piping) system that allows a thermal fluid to flow is the mainstream, but this system requires complicated devices to reduce costs and improve performance. To do.

本発明はこうした事情を考慮してなされたもので、部材の構造と材質を工夫することで装置のコストを効果的に低減するとともに、装置内部の伝熱ロスと装置外部への放熱ロスとを抑制し得る温度差発電装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and by devising the structure and material of the member, the cost of the apparatus is effectively reduced, and the heat transfer loss inside the apparatus and the heat dissipation loss to the outside of the apparatus are reduced. It aims at providing the temperature difference power generation device which can be controlled.

実施形態の温度差発電装置は、両面の温度差により発電する複数の熱電変換モジュールと、各熱電変換モジュールを挟むように設けられるとともに、互いに温度が異なる流体に接する複数の高熱伝導性板と、熱電変換モジュールを挟まずに隣接する２枚の高熱伝導性板の間に枠状の成型材を挟むことで、前記高熱伝導性板と前記成型材とで形成された、熱媒を流す第１の流路と、熱電変換モジュールを挟まずに隣接する２枚の高熱伝導性板の間に枠状の成型材を挟むことで、前記高熱伝導性板と前記成型材とで形成された、冷媒を流す第２の流路とを具備する。 The temperature difference power generation device of the embodiment is provided with a plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules that generate electric power due to a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a plurality of high thermal conductivity plates that are provided so as to sandwich each thermoelectric conversion module, and in contact with fluids having different temperatures from each other, A first flow for flowing a heat medium formed by the high thermal conductivity plate and the molding material by sandwiching a frame-shaped molding material between two adjacent high thermal conductivity plates without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module. A second flow of refrigerant formed by the high thermal conductivity plate and the molding material is caused by sandwiching a frame-shaped molding material between the path and two adjacent high thermal conductivity plates without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module. The flow path is provided.

部材の構造と材質を工夫することで装置のコストを効果的に低減するとともに、装置内部の伝熱ロスと装置外部への放熱ロスとを抑制することができる。 By devising the structure and material of the member, it is possible to effectively reduce the cost of the apparatus, and to suppress the heat transfer loss inside the apparatus and the heat dissipation loss to the outside of the apparatus.

実施形態に係る温度差発電装置の成形材と高熱伝導性板の接合方法の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the joining method of the shaping | molding material of the temperature difference power generation apparatus which concerns on embodiment, and a highly heat conductive board. 同実施形態に係る温度差発電装置の概念図。The conceptual diagram of the temperature difference electric power generating apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment. 成形材の代わりに弾性材を用いる場合の構成を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows the structure in the case of using an elastic material instead of a molding material. 従来の熱電発電システムの説明図。Explanatory drawing of the conventional thermoelectric power generation system.

以下、実施形態に係る温度差発電装置について詳述する。 Hereinafter, the temperature difference power generation device according to the embodiment will be described in detail.

図１は、実施形態に係る温度差発電装置の成形材と高熱伝導性板の接合方法の説明図である。この場合において、図１の（ａ）は成型材と高熱伝導性板とをビス止めする場合の例を示しており、（ｂ）は成型材と高熱伝導性板とを接着剤で接着する場合の例を示している。図２は、同実施形態に係る温度差発電装置の概念図である。この場合において、図２の（ａ）は温度差発電装置の外観図を示し、（ｂ）は一部のユニットの縦断面図を示し、（ｃ）は同ユニットの横断面図を示している。 Drawing 1 is an explanatory view of the joining method of the molding material of the temperature difference power generator concerning an embodiment, and a high thermal conductivity board. In this case, (a) of FIG. 1 shows an example in which the molding material and the high thermal conductivity plate are screwed, and (b) is a case where the molding material and the high thermal conductivity plate are bonded with an adhesive. An example is shown. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the temperature difference power generation device according to the embodiment. In this case, (a) of FIG. 2 shows an external view of the temperature difference power generation device, (b) shows a longitudinal sectional view of a part of the unit, and (c) shows a transverse sectional view of the unit. .

（基本事項）
本実施形態に係る温度差発電装置は、図１および図２に示されるように、両面の温度差により発電する複数の熱電変換モジュール２１と、各熱電変換モジュール２１の両面に設けられた高熱伝導性材料２２と、各熱電変換モジュール２１を高熱伝導性材料２２を介して挟むように設けられるとともに、互いに温度が異なる流体に接する複数の高熱伝導性板２３と、熱電変換モジュール２１を挟まずに隣接する２枚の高熱伝導性板２３の間に成型材２４を挟むことで形成された、熱媒を流す第１の流路５１と、熱電変換モジュール２１を挟まずに隣接する２枚の高熱伝導性板２３の間に成型材２４を挟むことで形成された、冷媒を流す第２の流路５２とを具備する。但し、この構成に限るものではない。例えば、高熱伝導性材料２２は必ずしも必要とされるものではない。また、例えば、上記成型材２４を後述するように弾性体に代えてもよい。 (Basic items)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the temperature difference power generation device according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules 21 that generate power based on a temperature difference between both surfaces, and high thermal conductivity provided on both surfaces of each thermoelectric conversion module 21. The material 22 and the thermoelectric conversion modules 21 are provided so as to be sandwiched via the high thermal conductivity materials 22, and the plurality of high thermal conductivity plates 23 that are in contact with fluids having different temperatures are not sandwiched between the thermoelectric conversion modules 21. A first flow path 51 through which a heat medium flows and two thermoelectric modules adjacent to each other without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module 21 are formed by sandwiching the molding material 24 between the two adjacent high heat conductive plates 23. And a second flow path 52 through which the coolant flows, formed by sandwiching the molding material 24 between the conductive plates 23. However, the configuration is not limited to this. For example, the high thermal conductivity material 22 is not necessarily required. Further, for example, the molding material 24 may be replaced with an elastic body as will be described later.

少なくとも１つの熱電変換モジュール２１は、同種もしくは異種のモジュールを積層させた構造を有していてもよい。高熱伝導性材料２２としては、例えばシリコーン樹脂ベースの高熱伝導シートが適用される。高熱伝導性板２３としては、例えば炭素鋼、ステンレス、チタン、銅、アルミなどからなる金属平板が適用される。成型材２４としては、例えば、断熱性樹脂で構成された断熱性樹脂枠が適用される。断熱性樹脂として例えば流路内部を透視可能な透明なアクリル等を使用してもよく、このような透明なアクリル等は、流路内部を透視できることから、流路内に溜った土砂などの堆積物を目視で確認することができ、清掃もしくはメンテナンスの要否を簡単に判断することができる。 At least one thermoelectric conversion module 21 may have a structure in which the same type or different types of modules are stacked. As the high thermal conductive material 22, for example, a silicone resin based high thermal conductive sheet is applied. As the high thermal conductive plate 23, for example, a metal flat plate made of carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, copper, aluminum or the like is applied. As the molding material 24, for example, a heat insulating resin frame made of heat insulating resin is applied. As the heat insulating resin, for example, transparent acrylic or the like that can see through the inside of the flow path may be used, and such transparent acrylic or the like can see through the inside of the flow path, so that sediment such as earth and sand accumulated in the flow path is deposited. Objects can be visually confirmed, and it is possible to easily determine whether cleaning or maintenance is necessary.

温度差発電装置を構成する個々のユニット２６は、例えば図２に示すように、複数の熱電変換モジュール２１と、これらの両面に設けられた複数の高熱伝導性材料２２と、これらを介して複数の熱電変換モジュール２１を挟むように設けられた２枚の高熱伝導性板２３と、流路を構成する２枚の高熱伝導性板２３間に設けられた成型材２４とを含む。 For example, as shown in FIG. 2, each unit 26 constituting the temperature difference power generator includes a plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules 21, a plurality of high thermal conductivity materials 22 provided on both surfaces thereof, and a plurality of units via these. The two high thermal conductivity plates 23 provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module 21 and the molding material 24 provided between the two high thermal conductivity plates 23 constituting the flow path.

ユニット２６の一方の主面側の高熱伝導性板２３側には熱媒としてのお湯が流れ、ユニット２６の他方の主面側の高熱伝導性板２３には冷媒としての水が流れるようになっている。 Hot water as a heat medium flows on the high heat conductive plate 23 side on one main surface side of the unit 26, and water as a refrigerant flows on the high heat conductive plate 23 on the other main surface side of the unit 26. ing.

熱電変換モジュール２１の直列と並列の組合せは、接続する蓄電器の仕様や電気負荷の容量に応じて、必要な電圧がとれる枚数を直列接続させ、同じ枚数ずつの直列回路を並列に接続する。この際、経年使用によるモジュールの故障などに備えて多数の個数を組み込んでおくと、分解せずに故障モジュールを除いてジャンパーさせるだけでシステムを復旧することができる。 In the combination of the thermoelectric conversion modules 21 in series and in parallel, the number of necessary voltage can be connected in series according to the specifications of the connected capacitor and the capacity of the electric load, and the same number of series circuits are connected in parallel. At this time, if a large number of modules are incorporated in preparation for a failure of a module due to aging, the system can be restored only by removing the failed module and performing a jumper without disassembling.

製作の際には、高温側の高熱伝導性板２３と低温側の高熱伝導性板２３とで熱電変換モジュール２１を両側から挟み、熱源流体からの熱を熱電変換モジュール２１に通過させるようにする。高温側の高熱伝導性板２３と低温側の高熱伝導性板２３とで熱電変換モジュール２１を挟み付ける方法としては、例えばモジュール面圧が均等化するように複数の断熱性のボルト（もしくはビス）で高熱伝導性板２３間をネジ止めするのが簡単である。このような圧接構造のものでは、熱電変換モジュール２１の厚みにばらつきがあると、伝熱の低下を招く可能性がある。そのため、これを抑えるために熱電変換モジュール２１と高熱伝導性板２３との間に高熱伝導性材料２２を挟み込むことが望ましい。 At the time of manufacture, the thermoelectric conversion module 21 is sandwiched from both sides by the high-temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 and the low-temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 so that heat from the heat source fluid passes through the thermoelectric conversion module 21. . As a method of sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module 21 between the high-temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 and the low-temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23, for example, a plurality of heat insulating bolts (or screws) so that the module surface pressure is equalized. It is easy to screw between the high thermal conductive plates 23. In the case of such a pressure contact structure, if the thickness of the thermoelectric conversion module 21 varies, heat transfer may be reduced. Therefore, in order to suppress this, it is desirable to sandwich the high thermal conductivity material 22 between the thermoelectric conversion module 21 and the high thermal conductivity plate 23.

高熱伝導性材料２２を熱電変換モジュール２１と高熱伝導性板２３との間に挟み込むことにより、熱電変換モジュール２１と高熱伝導性板２３との密着性を高めて、接触熱抵抗を低減させることができる。高熱伝導性材料２２としては、シリコーン樹脂ベースの高熱伝導シートのほか、熱伝導グリース、蝋材などが挙げられる。モジュール表面がアルミナ板などで絶縁されている場合には、ビスやボルトでの締め付け構造をなくして、蝋材もしくははんだで高熱伝導性板２３と熱電変換モジュール２１とを接合して接触熱抵抗を低減させるようにしてもよい。このような高熱伝導性材料２２を設けることにより、熱電変換モジュール２１の厚みのばらつきを緩和し、装置のモジュールに対する熱抵抗を極力均一にかつ小さくすることができ、伝熱を向上させることが可能となる。 By sandwiching the high thermal conductivity material 22 between the thermoelectric conversion module 21 and the high thermal conductivity plate 23, the adhesion between the thermoelectric conversion module 21 and the high thermal conductivity plate 23 can be improved, and the contact thermal resistance can be reduced. it can. Examples of the high thermal conductive material 22 include a thermal conductive grease and a wax material in addition to a silicone resin-based high thermal conductive sheet. When the module surface is insulated with an alumina plate or the like, the structure of tightening with screws or bolts is eliminated, and the high thermal conductivity plate 23 and the thermoelectric conversion module 21 are joined with a brazing material or solder to reduce the contact thermal resistance. You may make it reduce. By providing such a high thermal conductivity material 22, variations in the thickness of the thermoelectric conversion module 21 can be reduced, the thermal resistance to the module of the device can be made as uniform and small as possible, and heat transfer can be improved. It becomes.

上記高熱伝導性板２３の材料としては、例えば、炭素鋼、ステンレス、チタン、銅、アルミなどの金属が挙げられる。流体と高熱伝導性板２３との熱伝達を促進するために、高熱伝導性板２３の流体と接する側の面に、ナノ構造伝熱層を設けることが望ましい。ナノ構造伝熱層を作製する方法としては、例えば、浸漬塗布法が挙げられる。これは、金属酸化物ナノ粒子およびポリスチレンラテックス粒子を溶媒中に分散させた溶液に金属材料基板を浸漬し、基板を一定速度で引き上げる際の溶媒の流れや毛細管現象、表面張力による自己集積現象を利用し、ナノ粒子を金属板上に堆積させる方法である。これを焼成させることにより、金属板表面上に微小スケールの多孔質を形成する。また、スラリー塗布法によっても、サブミクロンから百ナノメートル程度ナノ多孔質形状の伝熱層を作製できる。現状では長尺ものの構造物に対する加工は難しいが、理論的には、イオンビーム照射でナノ構造伝熱層を作製することも可能である。 Examples of the material of the high thermal conductivity plate 23 include metals such as carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, copper, and aluminum. In order to promote heat transfer between the fluid and the high thermal conductivity plate 23, it is desirable to provide a nanostructure heat transfer layer on the surface of the high thermal conductivity plate 23 on the side in contact with the fluid. Examples of a method for producing the nanostructure heat transfer layer include a dip coating method. This is because the metal material substrate is immersed in a solution in which metal oxide nanoparticles and polystyrene latex particles are dispersed in a solvent, and the self-accumulation phenomenon due to the solvent flow, capillary action, and surface tension when the substrate is pulled up at a constant speed. It is a method of using and depositing nanoparticles on a metal plate. By baking this, a microscale porous material is formed on the surface of the metal plate. Also, a heat transfer layer having a nanoporous shape of about submicron to a hundred nanometers can be produced by a slurry coating method. Currently, it is difficult to process a long structure, but theoretically, it is also possible to produce a nanostructured heat transfer layer by ion beam irradiation.

ナノ構造伝熱層のほかには、高熱伝導性板２３表面に熱流体の流れの向きに対して垂直ないし斜めの方向を向いたフィンを備えて乱流を生じさせる方法や、高熱伝導性板２３表面に金属アルコキシドを塗布して焼付け、熱流体と内壁面の接触親和性を高めるなどにより、伝熱促進の効果を得ることができる。また、腐食性の流体を流す場合や炭素鋼を用いる場合などは、高熱伝導性板２３の少なくとも流体接触面に亜鉛めっきなどの防食処理を施すことが望ましい。 In addition to the nanostructure heat transfer layer, a method of generating a turbulent flow by providing fins oriented in a direction perpendicular or oblique to the direction of the flow of the thermal fluid on the surface of the high thermal conductivity plate 23, or a high thermal conductivity plate The effect of promoting heat transfer can be obtained by applying a metal alkoxide on the surface 23 and baking it to increase the contact affinity between the thermal fluid and the inner wall surface. Further, when a corrosive fluid is flowed or carbon steel is used, it is desirable to perform a corrosion prevention treatment such as galvanization on at least the fluid contact surface of the high thermal conductivity plate 23.

高熱伝導性板２３は、挟み込む熱電変換モジュール２１の位置取り、支持、あるいは電気配線を担う電気的配線が形成された基板パターンを有することが望ましい。これにより、従来、モジュール同士の接続を結線により行なっていた手間を省くことができる。 It is desirable that the high thermal conductivity plate 23 has a substrate pattern on which electrical wiring for positioning, supporting, or electrical wiring of the thermoelectric conversion module 21 to be sandwiched is formed. As a result, it is possible to save the trouble of conventionally connecting the modules by connection.

高熱伝導性板２３は、一般に、表面に波板構造、フィン構造、突起構造、ポーラスナノ微細構造のいずれかの伝熱促進構造を有し、熱流体からの熱を熱電変換モジュール２１に伝わりやすくすることが望ましい。 In general, the high thermal conductivity plate 23 has a heat transfer promoting structure of any one of a corrugated plate structure, a fin structure, a protrusion structure, and a porous nano fine structure on the surface, and facilitates the transfer of heat from the thermal fluid to the thermoelectric conversion module 21. It is desirable.

（流路の形成）
流路の形成は、図１（ａ）（ｂ）に示されるように、熱電変換モジュール２１を挟まない隣接した２枚の高熱伝導性板２３の間に、例えば流路の内部を透視可能な透明のアクリル等の断熱性樹脂で構成された透明断熱性樹脂枠としての成型材２４、もしくはゴムなどの弾性材（図１には図示せず）を配置することで行なう。 (Formation of flow path)
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the flow path can be formed between, for example, the inside of the flow path between two adjacent high thermal conductive plates 23 without the thermoelectric conversion module 21 interposed therebetween. This is done by placing a molding material 24 as a transparent heat insulating resin frame made of a heat insulating resin such as transparent acrylic, or an elastic material (not shown in FIG. 1) such as rubber.

成型材２４で流路を形成する場合には、例えば図１（ａ）に示すように、高熱伝導性板２３と成型材２４の接合面にシートパッキン６１を介してビス止めすることで成型材２４の側面方向への熱ロスを抑えることが可能な流路を形成できる。あるいは、図１（ｂ）に示すように、高熱伝導性板２３と成型材２４の接合面（接着剤塗布面）６２に接着剤を塗布し、ネジ止めをせずに接着してもよい。また可能なら溶接で両者を接合させて流路を形成してもよい。 When forming the flow path with the molding material 24, for example, as shown in FIG. 1A, the molding material is secured by screwing the joint surface between the high thermal conductive plate 23 and the molding material 24 via a sheet packing 61. The flow path which can suppress the heat loss to 24 side surfaces direction can be formed. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1B, an adhesive may be applied to the bonding surface (adhesive application surface) 62 between the high thermal conductivity plate 23 and the molding material 24 and bonded without screwing. If possible, the flow path may be formed by joining the two together.

熱電変換モジュール２１を挟む高熱伝導性板２３の一方の側には高温熱流体（熱媒）が流れ、他方の側には低温熱流体（冷媒）が流れる。ここで、熱媒としては例えばお湯、冷媒としては例えば水が挙げられるが、これに限られるものではない。また、高温側の高熱伝導性板２３の表面温度が２００℃以下のケースでは、熱電変換モジュール２１としてＢｉＴｅ系を採用すると、効率と出力を高めることができる。更に、近年では、ＢｉＴｅ系と同様の低温排熱の温度環境で熱電変換性能が良く、環境に優しい熱電変換材料としてＦｅ_２ＶＡｌ系のホイスラー合金やＭｇ_２Ｓｉ系が注目されており、これを使用してもよい。 A high temperature thermal fluid (heat medium) flows on one side of the high thermal conductivity plate 23 sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module 21, and a low temperature thermal fluid (refrigerant) flows on the other side. Here, examples of the heat medium include hot water, and examples of the refrigerant include water, but are not limited thereto. Moreover, in the case where the surface temperature of the high-temperature-side highly heat-conductive plate 23 is 200 ° C. or less, if a BiTe system is adopted as the thermoelectric conversion module 21, efficiency and output can be increased. Furthermore, in recent years, Fe ₂ VAl-based Heusler alloys and Mg ₂ Si-based materials have attracted attention as thermoelectric conversion materials that have good thermoelectric conversion performance under the same low-temperature exhaust heat temperature environment as BiTe-based materials. May be used.

熱電変換モジュール２１は、熱流体の温度帯域に応じて異なる材料を採用するようにしてもよい。例えば、熱流体の温度帯域に合わせて、２種類以上の材料系の素子ないしモジュールを、高熱伝導性材料２２を介して重ね合わせ、該当する温度帯域にて熱電変換性能が高まる素材を形成し、それぞれの素子ないしモジュールにおいて温度差を適度に配分することで出力を高めるようにしてもよい。 The thermoelectric conversion module 21 may adopt different materials depending on the temperature zone of the thermal fluid. For example, in accordance with the temperature range of the thermal fluid, elements or modules of two or more types of materials are overlapped via the high thermal conductivity material 22 to form a material with enhanced thermoelectric conversion performance in the corresponding temperature range, The output may be increased by appropriately distributing the temperature difference in each element or module.

第１の流路５１および第２の流路５２の各々は、流体が鉛直方向（上下方向）に流れるように設置されていることが望ましい。このように流体を鉛直方向に流すことにより、流路面積を効果的に増やすことができる。この際、第１の流路５１および第２の流路５２は、パッキンシート６１を介して高熱伝導性板２３と成型材２４とを接合して形成することにより、溶接レスにて流体シールが可能となり、また、容易に分解が可能でメンテナンス性のよい温度差発電装置が得られる。 Each of the first flow path 51 and the second flow path 52 is desirably installed so that the fluid flows in the vertical direction (vertical direction). Thus, by flowing the fluid in the vertical direction, the flow path area can be effectively increased. At this time, the first flow path 51 and the second flow path 52 are formed by joining the high thermal conductive plate 23 and the molding material 24 via the packing sheet 61, so that the fluid seal can be achieved without welding. In addition, a temperature difference power generation device that can be easily disassembled and has good maintainability can be obtained.

また、第１の流路５１内を流体が流れる方向と、第２の流路５２内を流体が流れる方向とが対向するように構成することもできる。こうした構成にすることにより、複数の熱電変換モジュール２１の各々の両面の温度差が熱流体の供給側から排出側まで長手方向で極力均一になるようにすることができ、発電性能を向上させることができる。対向流を成す構成の場合、第１の流路５１の上側を通じて第１の流体（熱媒）を供給する第１の供給用配管と、第２の流路５２の下側を通じて第２の流体（冷媒）を供給する第２の供給用配管と、第１の流路５１の下側を通じて第１の流体を排出する第１の排出用配管と、第２の流路５２の上側を通じて第２の流体を排出する第２の排出用配管とを具備することが望ましい。 The direction in which the fluid flows in the first flow path 51 and the direction in which the fluid flows in the second flow path 52 can also be configured to face each other. With such a configuration, the temperature difference between both surfaces of each of the plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules 21 can be made as uniform as possible in the longitudinal direction from the supply side to the discharge side of the thermal fluid, and the power generation performance can be improved. Can do. In the case of a configuration that forms a counterflow, the first supply pipe that supplies the first fluid (heat medium) through the upper side of the first flow path 51 and the second fluid through the lower side of the second flow path 52. A second supply pipe for supplying (refrigerant), a first discharge pipe for discharging the first fluid through the lower side of the first flow path 51, and a second through the upper side of the second flow path 52. And a second discharge pipe for discharging the fluid.

第１の流路５１および第２の流路５２の各々は交互に配置され、冷媒が流れる第２の流路５２は最外側に配置されていることが望ましい。この理由は、最外側の流路は外気に触れる面積が大きいので、流路を流れる冷媒の温度の変動を小さくできるためである。 It is desirable that the first flow path 51 and the second flow path 52 are alternately disposed, and the second flow path 52 through which the refrigerant flows is disposed on the outermost side. This is because the outermost flow path has a large area in contact with the outside air, so that the temperature fluctuation of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path can be reduced.

第１の流路５１や第１の流路５２に腐食性の流体を流す場合や高熱伝導性板２３の材質が炭素鋼である場合には、第１の流路５１や第１の流路５２を形成するために使用される高熱伝導性板２３の少なくとも流体接触面に亜鉛めっきなどの防食処理が施されていることが望ましい。これにより、流体が流れる高熱伝導性板２３の腐食を回避することができる。 When a corrosive fluid is passed through the first channel 51 or the first channel 52, or when the material of the high thermal conductivity plate 23 is carbon steel, the first channel 51 or the first channel. It is desirable that at least the fluid contact surface of the high thermal conductivity plate 23 used for forming the 52 is subjected to a corrosion prevention treatment such as galvanization. Thereby, corrosion of the high thermal conductivity plate 23 through which the fluid flows can be avoided.

（全体構成）
温度差発電装置を夫々構成する、熱電変換モジュール２１が挟まれた高温側の高熱伝導性板２３，低温側の高熱伝導性板２３等は図示しないシャーシ（筐体）により覆われ、この状態でスペーサ等の各構成部材が締め付け用治具によって締め付けられて圧接される。締め付け用冶具は、温度差発電装置を収容する筐体の厚い板に対する締め付け圧を調節可能にするものであり、金具のほか、金具同士を引き寄せて締め付けるためのねじ機構、すなわち、断熱性のボルト、ばね、ナット、座金などを用いて実現される。これにより、高熱伝導性板２３の積層方向に強力に締付けるとともに、高熱伝導性板２３の幅方向や高さ方向における締め付け圧の偏りを防ぐことができる。 (overall structure)
The high-temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23, the low-temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23, etc., each of which constitutes the temperature difference power generation device and sandwiches the thermoelectric conversion module 21, are covered with a chassis (housing) not shown. Each component member such as a spacer is clamped and pressed by a clamping jig. The tightening jig makes it possible to adjust the tightening pressure on the thick plate of the casing that houses the temperature difference power generation device. In addition to the metal fittings, a screw mechanism for pulling the metal fittings together and tightening them, that is, a heat-insulating bolt , Using springs, nuts, washers, etc. Accordingly, it is possible to strongly tighten in the stacking direction of the high thermal conductivity plate 23 and to prevent a bias in the clamping pressure in the width direction and the height direction of the high thermal conductivity plate 23.

例えば図２に示されるように、熱媒（高温熱流体）が供給される高温側の高熱伝導性板２３間の成型材２４に対応するように装置下側には断熱素材の熱媒供給用ヘッダ３１Ｈが配置され、この熱媒供給用ヘッダ３１Ｈには熱媒供給用配管３１が接続されている。ここで、熱媒供給用ヘッダ３１Ｈは、高温側の高熱伝導性板２３等により形成される流路の各々に熱媒を均等に供給するもので、高温側の高熱伝導性板２３とパッキンなどの積層により形成されている。熱媒供給用配管３１は、熱媒供給用ヘッダ３１Ｈへ熱媒を供給するものである。熱媒供給用ヘッダ３１Ｈと熱媒供給用配管３１とは、フランジ、パッキン、ボルトなどを用いて接合されている。 For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a heat medium supply of a heat insulating material is provided on the lower side of the apparatus so as to correspond to the molding material 24 between the high heat conductive plates 23 on the high temperature side to which the heat medium (high temperature heat fluid) is supplied. A header 31H is disposed, and a heat medium supply pipe 31 is connected to the heat medium supply header 31H. Here, the heat medium supply header 31H uniformly supplies the heat medium to each of the flow paths formed by the high temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 and the like, and the high temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 and packing, etc. It is formed by lamination. The heat medium supply pipe 31 supplies the heat medium to the heat medium supply header 31H. The heat medium supply header 31H and the heat medium supply pipe 31 are joined using a flange, packing, bolts, or the like.

同様に、冷媒（低温熱流体）が供給される低温側の高熱伝導性板２３間の成型材２４に対応するように装置上側には断熱素材の冷媒供給用ヘッダ３２Ｈが配置され、この冷媒供給用ヘッダ３２Ｈには冷媒供給用配管３２が接続されている。ここで、冷媒供給用ヘッダ３２Ｈは、低温側の高熱伝導性板２３等により形成される流路の各々に冷媒を均等に供給するもので、低温側の高熱伝導性板２３とパッキンなどの積層により形成されるものである。冷媒供給用配管３２は、冷媒供給用ヘッダ３２Ｈへ冷媒を供給するものである。冷媒供給用ヘッダ３２Ｈと冷媒供給用配管３２とは、フランジ、パッキン、ボルトなどを用いて接合されている。 Similarly, a refrigerant supply header 32H, which is a heat insulating material, is arranged on the upper side of the apparatus so as to correspond to the molding material 24 between the low temperature side high thermal conductive plates 23 to which the refrigerant (low temperature thermal fluid) is supplied. A refrigerant supply pipe 32 is connected to the header 32H. Here, the refrigerant supply header 32H uniformly supplies the refrigerant to each of the flow paths formed by the low temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 and the like, and is a stack of the low temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 and packing or the like. It is formed by. The refrigerant supply pipe 32 supplies the refrigerant to the refrigerant supply header 32H. The refrigerant supply header 32H and the refrigerant supply pipe 32 are joined using a flange, packing, bolts, or the like.

熱媒が排出される高温側の高熱伝導性板２３間の成型材２４に対応するように装置上側には断熱素材の熱媒排出用ヘッダ４１Ｈが配置され、この熱媒排出用ヘッダ４１Ｈには熱媒排出用配管４１が接続されている。ここで、熱媒排出用ヘッダ４１Ｈは、高温側の高熱伝導性板２３等により形成される流路の各々から排出される熱媒をまとめて排出するものである。熱媒排出用配管４１は、熱媒排出用ヘッダ４１Ｈでまとめられた熱媒を受け入れて装置外部の配管へ送り出すものである。熱媒排出用ヘッダ４１Ｈと熱媒排出用配管４１とは、フランジ、パッキン、ボルトなどを用いて接合されている。 A heat medium discharge header 41H made of a heat insulating material is arranged on the upper side of the apparatus so as to correspond to the molding material 24 between the high temperature conductive plates 23 on the high temperature side from which the heat medium is discharged. A heat medium discharge pipe 41 is connected. Here, the heat medium discharge header 41H collectively discharges the heat medium discharged from each of the flow paths formed by the high-temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 and the like. The heat medium discharge pipe 41 receives the heat medium collected by the heat medium discharge header 41H and sends it out to the pipe outside the apparatus. The heat medium discharge header 41H and the heat medium discharge pipe 41 are joined using a flange, packing, bolts, or the like.

同様に、冷媒が排出される低温側の高熱伝導性板２３間の成型材２４に対応するように装置下側には断熱素材の冷媒排出用ヘッダ４２Ｈが配置され、この冷媒排出用ヘッダ４２Ｈには冷媒排出用配管４２が接続されている。ここで、冷媒排出用ヘッダ４２Ｈは、低温側の高熱伝導性板２３等により形成される流路の各々から排出される冷媒をまとめて排出するものである。冷媒排出用配管４２は、冷媒排出用ヘッダ４２Ｈでまとめられた冷媒を受け入れて装置外部の配管へ送り出すものである。冷媒排出用ヘッダ４２Ｈと冷媒排出用配管４２とは、フランジ、パッキン、ボルトなどを用いて接合されている。 Similarly, a refrigerant discharge header 42H, which is a heat insulating material, is disposed on the lower side of the apparatus so as to correspond to the molding material 24 between the low temperature side high thermal conductive plates 23 from which the refrigerant is discharged. Is connected to a refrigerant discharge pipe 42. Here, the refrigerant discharge header 42H collectively discharges the refrigerant discharged from each of the flow paths formed by the low temperature side high thermal conductivity plate 23 and the like. The refrigerant discharge pipe 42 receives the refrigerant collected by the refrigerant discharge header 42H and sends it out to the pipe outside the apparatus. The refrigerant discharge header 42H and the refrigerant discharge pipe 42 are joined using a flange, packing, bolts, or the like.

その他、図示されていないが、熱媒供給用配管３１、冷媒供給用配管３２などの各配管には、配管内に滞留する空気を抜くための空気抜き弁や、装置停止時に配管内の液体や不要物を抜くためのドレン弁などが取付けられている。 In addition, although not shown in the drawings, each pipe such as the heat medium supply pipe 31 and the refrigerant supply pipe 32 has an air vent valve for removing air staying in the pipe, liquid in the pipe when the apparatus is stopped, and unnecessary. A drain valve, etc., is attached to pull out things.

（成形材の代わりに弾性材を用いる場合）
図３は、成形材の代わりに弾性材を用いる場合の構成を示す概念図である。 (When using elastic material instead of molding material)
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration when an elastic material is used instead of the molding material.

成形材２４の代わりに弾性材７３，７４を用いた場合の例を、図３を参照して説明する。 An example in which elastic materials 73 and 74 are used instead of the molding material 24 will be described with reference to FIG.

温度差発電装置が、複数の熱電変換モジュール２１と、各熱電変換モジュール２１の両面に設けられた高熱伝導性材料２２と、各熱電変換モジュール２１を高熱伝導性材料２２を介して挟むように設けられるとともに、互いに温度が異なる流体に接する複数の高熱伝導性板２３とを具備する点は変わらない。 The temperature difference power generator is provided so as to sandwich a plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules 21, high thermal conductivity materials 22 provided on both surfaces of each thermoelectric conversion module 21, and each thermoelectric conversion module 21 via the high thermal conductivity material 22. In addition, a plurality of high thermal conductive plates 23 that are in contact with fluids having different temperatures are provided.

ここでは、熱電変換モジュール２１を挟まずに隣接する２枚の高熱伝導性板２３の間に、成形材２４ではなくて弾性材７３を挟むことにより第１の流路５１が形成される。同様に、熱電変換モジュール２１を挟まずに隣接する２枚の高熱伝導性板２３の間に、成形材２４ではなくて弾性材７４を挟むことにより第２の流路５２が形成される。この場合、弾性材７３，７４がそれぞれ各種ヘッダに通じる給排水用スリーブ７２を挟むことにより流体シールがなされる。弾性材７３，７４としては、例えばゴムが適用される。また、熱電変換モジュール２１を挟んで隣接する２枚の高熱伝導性板２３の上下端部間には、断熱スペーサ７１が設けられる。装置の両側に位置する高熱伝導性板２３には、それぞれ押え板８１が設けられる。 Here, the first flow path 51 is formed by sandwiching the elastic material 73 instead of the molding material 24 between two adjacent high thermal conductivity plates 23 without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module 21. Similarly, the second flow path 52 is formed by sandwiching the elastic material 74 instead of the molding material 24 between the two adjacent high thermal conductivity plates 23 without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module 21. In this case, fluid sealing is achieved by sandwiching the water supply / drainage sleeve 72 with the elastic members 73 and 74 leading to various headers. As the elastic members 73 and 74, for example, rubber is applied. Further, a heat insulating spacer 71 is provided between the upper and lower ends of two high thermal conductivity plates 23 adjacent to each other with the thermoelectric conversion module 21 interposed therebetween. Press plates 81 are provided on the high thermal conductivity plates 23 located on both sides of the apparatus.

この状態で、締め付け用治具を用いて、複数の高熱伝導性板２３の各熱電変換モジュール２１に対する締め付け圧を調節可能に各熱電変換モジュール２１を締め付ける。すなわち、断熱性のボルト、ばね、ナット、座金などを含むねじ機構８２により、押え板８１同士を引き寄せて締め付ける。これにより、断熱スペーサ７１、給排水用スリーブ７２、弾性材７３，７４、及び高熱伝導性板２３が積層方向に強力に締付けるとともに、高熱伝導性板２３の幅方向や高さ方向における締め付け圧の偏りを防ぐことができる。 In this state, each thermoelectric conversion module 21 is tightened using a tightening jig so that the tightening pressure of each of the plurality of high thermal conductivity plates 23 on each thermoelectric conversion module 21 can be adjusted. That is, the presser plates 81 are pulled together and tightened by a screw mechanism 82 including a heat insulating bolt, spring, nut, washer and the like. Accordingly, the heat insulating spacer 71, the water supply / drainage sleeve 72, the elastic members 73 and 74, and the high thermal conductivity plate 23 are strongly tightened in the stacking direction, and the tightening pressure is uneven in the width direction and the height direction of the high thermal conductivity plate 23. Can be prevented.

このように弾性材７３，７４を用いた場合においても、成形材２４を用いた場合と同様な効果を得ることができる。 Thus, even when the elastic materials 73 and 74 are used, the same effect as when the molding material 24 is used can be obtained.

（動作）
次に、上述した構成の温度差熱電装置の動作について説明する。
温度差発電装置の稼動時には、例えば図２に示されるように、熱媒がシステム外部の配管から熱媒供給用ヘッダ３１Ｈへ送られ、一方、冷媒がシステム外部の配管から冷媒供給用ヘッダ３２Ｈへ送られる。熱媒供給用ヘッダ３１Ｈに送られた熱媒は、高温側の高熱伝導性板２３で構成される熱媒流路の各々に均等に供給される。一方、冷媒供給用ヘッダ３２Ｈに送られた冷媒は、低温側の高熱伝導性板２３で構成される冷媒流路の各々に均等に供給される。 (Operation)
Next, the operation of the temperature difference thermoelectric device having the above-described configuration will be described.
When the temperature difference power generator is in operation, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat medium is sent from the piping outside the system to the heating medium supply header 31H, while the refrigerant is transferred from the piping outside the system to the refrigerant supply header 32H. Sent. The heat medium sent to the heat medium supply header 31H is equally supplied to each of the heat medium flow paths constituted by the high-temperature-side high thermal conductivity plate 23. On the other hand, the refrigerant sent to the refrigerant supply header 32H is equally supplied to each of the refrigerant flow paths formed by the low-temperature-side high thermal conductivity plate 23.

熱媒が熱媒用流路内を通り、冷媒が冷媒流路内を通ると、熱電変換モジュール２１に温度差が生じ、電力が発生する。このとき、図示しない筐体と締め付け用冶具によって個々の熱電変換モジュール２１における伝熱のばらつきは最小限に抑えられているため、装置全体として最大限の電力が引き出されている。熱媒流路内を通り終えた熱媒は、熱媒排出用ヘッダ４１Ｈへ送られ、さらにシステム外部の配管へと送られる。一方、冷媒用流路内を通り終えた冷媒は、冷媒排出用ヘッダ４２Ｈへ送られ、さらにシステム外部の配管へと送られる。各熱電変換モジュール２１において発生した電力は、配線もしくは配線パターンを通じて図４で述べたような切替装置へ送られ、所定の電圧・電流で制御装置へ送られ、蓄電や直流／交流変換がなされた後、各種の負荷により使用される。 When the heat medium passes through the heat medium flow path and the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant flow path, a temperature difference is generated in the thermoelectric conversion module 21 to generate electric power. At this time, since the variation in heat transfer in the individual thermoelectric conversion modules 21 is suppressed to a minimum by a housing and a fastening jig (not shown), the maximum power is drawn out as the entire apparatus. The heat medium that has passed through the heat medium flow path is sent to the heat medium discharge header 41H and further sent to piping outside the system. On the other hand, the refrigerant that has passed through the refrigerant flow path is sent to the refrigerant discharge header 42H, and further sent to piping outside the system. The electric power generated in each thermoelectric conversion module 21 is sent to the switching device as described in FIG. 4 through the wiring or wiring pattern, sent to the control device at a predetermined voltage / current, and stored and DC / AC converted. After that, it is used by various loads.

本実施形態によれば、各熱電変換モジュールの伝熱のばらつきが抑えられるため、伝熱性能が向上するとともに、信頼性が向上し、発電性能を向上させることが可能となる。また、時間やコストを抑えつつ発電性能が高い温度差発電装置やこの温度差発電装置を用いた温度差発電システムを実現することができる。加えて、総括伝熱係数向上に適した設計が可能で、コンパクトに量産が可能で、耐圧性能も確保しやく、溶接構造がなくパッキンもしくは弾性材の挟み込みで流路形成をしているため、分解が容易でメンテナンス性が良く、高熱伝導性板と熱電変換素子プレートの枚数を変えるだけで発電容量も容易に変更できる、といったメリットがある。 According to this embodiment, since the variation in the heat transfer of each thermoelectric conversion module is suppressed, the heat transfer performance is improved, the reliability is improved, and the power generation performance can be improved. In addition, it is possible to realize a temperature difference power generation device with high power generation performance while suppressing time and cost, and a temperature difference power generation system using this temperature difference power generation device. In addition, the design suitable for improving the overall heat transfer coefficient is possible, it can be mass-produced compactly, it is easy to ensure pressure resistance, and there is no welding structure, and the flow path is formed by sandwiching packing or elastic material, There are merits that it is easy to disassemble and easy to maintain, and the power generation capacity can be easily changed by changing the number of high thermal conductivity plates and thermoelectric conversion element plates.

なお、上記実施形態では、複数の流路を鉛直方向に設置しているが、さらに水平方向に設置するようにしてもよい。設置スペースの都合に合わせて流路の向きを構成し、流路と、高熱伝導性板，スペーサおよびプレートの枚数を調整することで、設置面積あたりの出力と発電量を容易に変更することができる。 In the above embodiment, the plurality of flow paths are installed in the vertical direction, but may be further installed in the horizontal direction. It is possible to easily change the output and power generation amount per installation area by configuring the direction of the flow path according to the installation space and adjusting the number of flow paths, high thermal conductivity plates, spacers and plates. it can.

また、上記実施形態では、複数の流路を鉛直方向に設置しているが、さらに水平方向に設置するようにしてもよい。設置スペースの都合に合わせて流路の向きを構成し、流路と、高熱伝導性板，スペーサおよびプレートの枚数を調整することで、設置面積あたりの出力と発電量を容易に変更することができる。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the several flow path is installed in the perpendicular direction, you may make it install in the horizontal direction further. It is possible to easily change the output and power generation amount per installation area by configuring the direction of the flow path according to the installation space and adjusting the number of flow paths, high thermal conductivity plates, spacers and plates. it can.

上記実施形態の変形例としては、次のものが挙げられる。即ち、上記実施形態では複数の流路を鉛直方向に設置しているが、さらに水平方向にも設置するようにしてもよい。設置スペースの都合に合わせて流路の向きを構成し、流路と、高熱伝導性板，スペーサおよびプレートの枚数を調整することで、設置面積あたりの出力と発電量を容易に変更することができる。 The following are mentioned as a modification of the said embodiment. That is, in the above embodiment, the plurality of flow paths are installed in the vertical direction, but may be installed in the horizontal direction. It is possible to easily change the output and power generation amount per installation area by configuring the direction of the flow path according to the installation space and adjusting the number of flow paths, high thermal conductivity plates, spacers and plates. it can.

以上、本発明のいくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。これら実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれるとともに、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれる。 As mentioned above, although some embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

２１…熱電変換モジュール、２２…高熱伝導材料、２３…高熱伝導性板、２４…成型材、２６…ユニット、３１…熱媒供給用配管、３１Ｈ…熱媒供給用ヘッダ、３２…冷媒供給用配管、３２Ｈ…冷媒供給用ヘッダ、４１…熱媒排出用配管、４１Ｈ…熱媒排出用ヘッダ、４２…冷媒排出用配管、４２Ｈ…冷媒排出用ヘッダ、５１…第１の流路、５２…第２の流路、６１…シートパッキン、６２…接着剤塗布面、７１…断熱スペーサ、７２…給排水用スリーブ、７３，７４…弾性材、８１…押え板、８２…ネジ機構。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Thermoelectric conversion module, 22 ... High heat conductive material, 23 ... High heat conductive board, 24 ... Molding material, 26 ... Unit, 31 ... Heat medium supply piping, 31H ... Heat medium supply header, 32 ... Refrigerant supply piping , 32H ... refrigerant supply header, 41 ... heat medium discharge pipe, 41H ... heat medium discharge header, 42 ... refrigerant discharge pipe, 42H ... refrigerant discharge header, 51 ... first flow path, 52 ... second. , 61 ... sheet packing, 62 ... adhesive application surface, 71 ... heat insulating spacer, 72 ... water supply / drainage sleeve, 73, 74 ... elastic material, 81 ... presser plate, 82 ... screw mechanism.

Claims

A plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules that generate electricity due to a temperature difference between the two surfaces;
A plurality of high thermal conductivity plates that are provided so as to sandwich each thermoelectric conversion module and are in contact with fluids having different temperatures from each other;
A first flow for flowing a heat medium formed by the high thermal conductivity plate and the molding material by sandwiching a frame-shaped molding material between two adjacent high thermal conductivity plates without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module. Road,
A second flow path for flowing a refrigerant formed by the high thermal conductivity plate and the molding material by sandwiching a frame-shaped molding material between two adjacent high thermal conductivity plates without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module A temperature difference power generation device comprising:

The temperature difference power generation device according to claim 1, wherein each molding material is a heat insulating resin.

The temperature difference power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each flow path is formed by tightening each molding material and a high thermal conductivity plate on both sides of the molding material with a screw.

The temperature difference power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each flow path is formed by joining each molding material and high thermal conductivity plates on both sides of the molding material by an adhesive or welding. .

5. The temperature difference power generation device according to claim 1, wherein each molding material is formed of a transparent resin through which the inside of each flow path can be seen through. 6.

A plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules that generate electricity due to a temperature difference between the two surfaces;
A plurality of high thermal conductivity plates that are provided so as to sandwich each thermoelectric conversion module and are in contact with fluids having different temperatures from each other;
By sandwiching a frame-shaped elastic material formed so that the heat medium flows along the heat transfer surface of the high thermal conductivity plate between two adjacent high thermal conductivity plates without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module , A first flow path for flowing the heat medium, formed of a high thermal conductivity plate and the elastic material ;
By sandwiching a frame-like elastic material formed so that the refrigerant flows along the heat transfer surface of the high thermal conductivity plate between two adjacent high thermal conductivity plates without sandwiching the thermoelectric conversion module, the high heat A second flow path that is formed of a conductive plate and the elastic material and flows the refrigerant;
Each of the elastic members sandwiches a water supply / drainage sleeve .

The temperature difference power generation device according to claim 6, further comprising a tightening jig for tightening each thermoelectric conversion module such that a tightening pressure of each of the plurality of high thermal conductivity plates with respect to each thermoelectric conversion module can be adjusted.

The temperature difference according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the module surface pressure is equalized by tightening a space between two high thermal conductive plates adjacent to each other with a thermoelectric conversion module interposed therebetween. Power generation device.

8. The contact thermal resistance is reduced by joining the two high thermal conductive plates adjacent to each other with the thermoelectric conversion module between the thermoelectric conversion module with a brazing material or solder. The temperature difference power generation device according to claim 1.

The first flow path and the second flow path are alternately arranged, and the second flow path for flowing the refrigerant is disposed on the outermost side. The temperature difference power generation device according to claim 1.

The direction in which the heat medium flows in the first flow path and the direction in which the refrigerant flows in the second flow path are opposed to each other. The temperature difference power generator described.

A first supply pipe for supplying a heat medium through the upper side of the first flow path; a second supply pipe for supplying a refrigerant through the lower side of the second flow path; and the first flow path. A first discharge pipe that discharges the heat medium through the lower side of the heat exchanger, and a second discharge pipe that discharges the refrigerant through the upper side of the second flow path. The temperature difference power generation device according to any one of 11.

The anticorrosion treatment is performed on at least the fluid contact surface of the two high thermal conductivity plates forming the first flow path or the second flow path. The temperature difference power generation device according to item.

The temperature difference power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein at least one thermoelectric conversion module has a structure in which modules of the same type or different types are stacked.

Further comprising a high thermal conductivity material provided on both sides of each thermoelectric conversion module,
The temperature difference power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the plurality of high thermal conductivity plates are provided so as to sandwich each thermoelectric conversion module with the high thermal conductivity material interposed therebetween. .

The temperature difference power generation device according to claim 15, wherein the high thermal conductivity material is any one of a silicone resin-based high thermal conductivity sheet, thermal conductive grease, and wax material.

The high thermal conductivity plate is made of any of carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, copper, and aluminum, and has a heat transfer promoting structure of any one of a corrugated plate structure, a fin structure, a protruding structure, and a porous nanostructure on the surface. The temperature difference power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the temperature difference power generation device is provided.