JP6197744B2 - Charge / discharge system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for charging / discharging a power storage device including a plurality of power storage elements connected in series.

  In Patent Document 1, a battery in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series is connected to a charge / discharge device, and the battery life is diagnosed by charging or discharging the battery.

JP 2011-066451 A

  In patent document 1, since the battery is connected to the charging / discharging device, the battery is charged / discharged, and it is not possible to charge / discharge only an arbitrary battery module included in the battery. Moreover, in patent document 1, although one charging / discharging apparatus is connected to the battery, multiple types of charging / discharging apparatus may be prepared. When these charge / discharge devices are used properly, it is necessary to replace the charge / discharge devices to be used.

The charging / discharging system (or charging system, discharging system) of the present invention includes a power storage device, a plurality of charging / discharging devices (or charging devices, discharging devices) , a first switching device, and a second switching device. . The power storage device have a plurality of power storage blocks connected in series, each power storage block includes a plurality of power storage elements connected in series. Rechargeable device (or the charging device, the discharge device), charge and discharge at least one energy storage element (or either one of charging and discharging) is used for the cause. Here, in a plurality of charging / discharging devices (or a charging device and a discharging device) , powers at the time of charging and discharging are different from each other .

The first switching device includes switch elements respectively connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of each power storage block, and is connected to a charge / discharge device (or a charging device or a discharge device) by turning on or off the switch element. obtain switch the power storage block to be. The first switching device includes a switch element connected to each of the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of each power storage device, and the charge / discharge device (or the charge device, the discharge device) is turned on and off by the switch element. The storage element connected to is switched. The 2nd switching device is provided with the switch element connected to each charging / discharging apparatus (or charging device, discharge device) , and charging / discharging connected to an electrical storage block or an electrical storage element by ON / OFF of this switch element device (or, the charging device, the discharge device) obtain switch the.

According to this invention, by obtaining switch the on and off of the switching elements included in the first switching device, to connect any power storage block or the power storage device to charge and discharge device (or the charging device, the discharge device) Can do. Further, by obtaining switch the on and off of the switching elements included in the second switching device can be connected to any rechargeable device to the power storage block or the power storage device.

It is a figure which shows the structure of a charging / discharging system. It is a figure which shows the structure of a 2nd switching apparatus. It is a figure which shows the structure of a battery pack and a 1st switching device. It is a figure which shows the structure of a battery block and a 1st switching device. It is a figure explaining the electric current path | route when charging / discharging a battery block. It is a figure explaining the electric current path when charging / discharging one single battery. It is a figure explaining the electric current path when charging / discharging one single battery. It is a figure explaining the electric current path when charging / discharging one single battery. It is a figure explaining the electric current path when charging / discharging one single battery. It is a flowchart which shows the process which connects an object battery and charging / discharging apparatus.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 1 shows a charge / discharge system in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a first switching device 20 is connected to a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal in a battery pack (corresponding to the power storage system of the present invention) 10. As will be described later, the first switching device 20 switches a battery to be charged / discharged (hereinafter referred to as a target battery) in the battery pack 10. A second switching device 30 is connected to the first switching device 20.

  The second switching device 30 switches the charge / discharge device connected to the first switching device 20 (that is, the target battery). Specifically, the second switching device 30 connects any one of the first charging / discharging device 41, the second charging / discharging device 42, and the third charging / discharging device 43 to the first switching device 20.

  The first charging / discharging device 41, the second charging / discharging device 42, and the third charging / discharging device 43 are used to charge or discharge the target battery switched by the first switching device 20. The power during charging / discharging using the first charging / discharging device 41 is lower than the power during charging / discharging using the second charging / discharging device 42. The power during charging / discharging using the second charging / discharging device 42 is lower than the power during charging / discharging using the third charging / discharging device 43. The number of charging / discharging devices can be set as appropriate. Here, it is possible to use a plurality of charging / discharging devices having different power during charging / discharging.

  The charging / discharging devices 41 to 43 can charge or discharge the target battery, but are not limited thereto. That is, instead of the charging / discharging devices 41 to 43, a charging device that only charges the target battery or a discharging device that only discharges the target battery can be used.

  The input terminal 50 is connected to the first switching device 20 and the second switching device 30. In the input terminal 50, information for specifying the target battery is input by a user's operation, and this input information is transmitted from the input terminal 50 to the first switching device 20. In addition, in the input terminal 50, information for specifying the charge / discharge devices 41 to 43 is input by a user's operation, and this input information is transmitted from the input terminal 50 to the second switching device 30.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the second switching device 30 includes a controller 31 and switch elements SW11 to SW16. Based on information from the input terminal 50 (information specifying the charging / discharging devices 41 to 43), the controller 31 controls the switching elements SW11 to SW16 on and off. One end of each switch element SW11, SW12 is connected to the first charging / discharging device 41, and the other end of each switch element SW11, SW12 is connected to the first switching device 20. When only the switch elements SW11 and SW12 are on, the first charging / discharging device 41 can be connected to the first switching device 20.

  One end of each switch element SW13, SW14 is connected to the second charging / discharging device 42, and the other end of each switch element SW13, SW14 is connected to the first switching device 20. When only the switch elements SW13 and SW14 are on, the second charging / discharging device 42 can be connected to the first switching device 20. One end of each switch element SW15, SW16 is connected to the third charging / discharging device 43, and the other end of each switch element SW15, SW16 is connected to the first switching device 20. When only the switch elements SW15 and SW16 are on, the third charging / discharging device 43 can be connected to the first switching device 20.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the battery pack 10 has two battery stacks 11 connected in series. Here, the number of battery stacks 11 constituting the battery pack 10 (the number of series connections) can be set as appropriate. The battery stack 11 has two battery blocks 12 connected in series. The number of battery blocks 12 constituting the battery stack 11 (the number of series connections) can be set as appropriate.

  The first switching device 20 includes switch elements SW21 to SW28 and a controller 21. The controller 21 controls on / off of each switch element SW21 to SW28 based on information from the input terminal 50 (information for specifying the target battery). One end of each switch element SW21, SW22 is connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery block 12, respectively, and the other end of each switch element SW21, SW22 is connected to the second switching device 30. The same applies to the switch elements SW23 to SW28.

  By controlling on and off of the switch elements SW21 to SW28, only one arbitrary battery block 12 is connected to the second switching device 30 or only one arbitrary battery stack 11 is connected to the second switching device 30. Or the battery pack 10 can be connected to the second switching device 30.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the battery block 12 is configured by four unit cells (corresponding to the storage element of the present invention) 13 (13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> D) connected in series. Here, the number of single cells 13 constituting the battery block 12 (the number of series connections) can be set as appropriate. As the cells 13A to 13D, secondary batteries such as nickel metal hydride batteries and lithium ion batteries can be used. An electric double layer capacitor can be used instead of the secondary battery. As the unit cell 13, a so-called square battery or a so-called cylindrical battery can be used.

  By accommodating one power generation element in one battery case, the single battery 13 can be configured, or by accommodating a plurality of power generation elements connected in series in one battery case, the single battery 13 can be formed. It can also be configured. The power generation element is an element that performs charging and discharging, and is configured by a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, as is well known.

  “+” And “−” shown in FIG. 4 indicate electrode terminals (positive electrode terminal or negative electrode terminal) of the unit cell 13. The negative terminal of the cell 13 </ b> A is the negative terminal of the battery block 12. The positive terminal of the cell 13 </ b> D serves as the positive terminal of the battery block 12. In the two unit cells 13 arranged adjacent to each other, a bus bar is connected to the positive terminal of one unit cell 13 and the negative terminal of the other unit cell 13. Thereby, unit cell 13A-13D is connected in series.

  The first switching device 20 includes switch elements SW31 to SW38 illustrated in FIG. 4 in addition to the switch elements SW21 to SW28 illustrated in FIG. The controller 21 shown in FIG. 3 also controls the switching elements SW31 to SW38 on and off.

  One end of the switch element SW31 is connected to the positive terminal of the unit cell 13A, and one end of the switch element SW32 is connected to the negative terminal of the unit cell 13A. Here, one end of the switch element SW22 is also connected to the negative electrode terminal of the unit cell 13A. The other end of the switch element SW31 is connected to the other end of the switch element SW32. The connection point of the switch elements SW31 and SW32 is connected to the negative terminal of the cell 13B and one end of the switch element SW33.

  One end of the switch element SW34 is connected to the positive terminal of the unit cell 13B, and the other end of the switch element SW34 is connected to the other end of the switch element SW33. The negative terminal of the unit cell 13C is connected to the connection point of the switch elements SW33 and SW34. One end of the switch element SW35 is connected to the positive terminal of the cell 13C. One end of the switch element SW36 is connected to the other end of the switch element SW35, and the other end of the switch element SW36 is connected to the connection point of the switch elements SW33 and SW34 and the negative terminal of the unit cell 13C. .

  One end of the switch element SW37 is connected to the negative electrode terminal of the unit cell 13D, and the other end of the switch element SW37 is connected to a connection point of the switch elements SW35 and SW36. One end of the switch element SW38 is connected to the positive terminal of the unit cell 13D, and the other end of the switch element SW38 is connected to a connection point of the switch elements SW35, SW36, and SW37. Here, one end of the switch element SW21 is also connected to the positive terminal of the cell 13D.

  4 shows the configuration of the battery block 12 connected to the switch elements SW21 and SW22 shown in FIG. 3, the configuration of the other battery blocks 12 is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. According to the configuration shown in FIG. 4, any one of the single cells 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> D can be connected to the second switching device 30 by controlling on and off of the switch elements SW <b> 31 to SW <b> 38. Further, when each of the single cells 13A to 13D is connected to the second switching device 30, the switch elements SW21 and SW22 are turned on.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when only the switch elements SW31, SW34, SW35, and SW37 are turned on, the battery block 12 (four unit cells 13A to 13D) can be connected to the second switching device 30. Thereby, the battery block 12 can be charged / discharged. In FIG. 5, a current path when charging / discharging the battery block 12 is indicated by a dotted line.

  As shown in FIG. 6, if only the switch elements SW31, SW33, SW36, and SW38 are turned on, the unit cell 13A can be connected to the second switching device 30. Thereby, the cell 13A can be charged / discharged. In FIG. 6, the current path when charging / discharging the unit cell 13A is indicated by a dotted line. As shown in FIG. 7, when only the switch elements SW32, SW34, SW36, SW38 are turned on, the unit cell 13B can be connected to the second switching device 30. Thereby, the cell 13B can be charged / discharged. In FIG. 7, the current path when charging / discharging the cell 13B is shown by a dotted line.

  As shown in FIG. 8, if only the switch elements SW32, SW33, SW35, and SW38 are turned on, the unit cell 13C can be connected to the second switching device 30. Thereby, the cell 13C can be charged / discharged. In FIG. 8, a current path when charging / discharging the unit cell 13 </ b> C is indicated by a dotted line. As shown in FIG. 9, when only the switch elements SW32, SW33, SW36, and SW37 are turned on, the unit cell 13D can be connected to the second switching device 30. Thereby, unit cell 13D can be charged / discharged. In FIG. 9, the current path when charging / discharging the cell 13D is indicated by a dotted line.

  Note that the arrangement of the switch elements is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. It is only necessary to connect a switch element to each of the unit cells 13A to 13D and form a current path that can charge and discharge each unit cell 13A to 13D.

  As described in FIGS. 3 to 9, the battery pack 10, the battery stack 11, the battery block 12, or the single battery 13 is connected to the second switching device 30 as a target battery (corresponding to the power storage group of the present invention). be able to. By performing charge / discharge by connecting any one of the battery pack 10, the battery stack 11, the battery block 12, and the single battery 13 to any of the charge / discharge devices 41 to 43, deterioration diagnosis processing, SOC adjustment processing, and complete discharge Processing can be performed. Here, the input terminal 50 shown in FIG. 1 can input information instructing the deterioration diagnosis process, the SOC adjustment process, or the complete discharge process. This input information is transmitted to the charge / discharge devices 41 to 43, and the charge / discharge devices 41 to 43 that have received the information from the input terminal 50 perform processing according to the received information.

  The deterioration diagnosis process is a process for diagnosing (obtaining) the deterioration state of the target battery (battery pack 10, battery stack 11, battery block 12 or single battery 13). For example, if the voltage value of the target battery is detected while charging or discharging the target battery, the deterioration state of the target battery can be grasped. Specifically, if a discharge curve indicating the behavior of the voltage value when the target battery is discharged is acquired, the deterioration state of the target battery can be grasped based on the discharge curve.

  The discharge curve indicates the relationship between the time when the target battery is discharged and the voltage value of the target battery. As the deterioration of the target battery progresses, the internal resistance value of the target battery increases and the voltage value of the target battery easily decreases. Based on this point, the deterioration state of the target battery can be grasped. In addition, if the current value or voltage value of the target battery is detected, the deterioration state of the target battery can be grasped using a known method.

  The SOC adjustment process is a process of changing the SOC (State of Charge) of the target battery to a target value. The SOC is the ratio of the current charge capacity to the full charge capacity. Here, according to the SOC adjustment processing, the SOCs in the two battery stacks 11 can be aligned, the SOCs in the plurality of battery blocks 12 can be aligned, and the SOCs in the plurality of single cells 13 can be aligned. The complete discharge process is a process for discharging the target battery until the SOC of the target battery becomes 0%. For example, when the battery pack 10 is disassembled, complete discharge treatment can be performed.

  Processing when the target battery and the charge / discharge devices 41 to 43 are connected will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  In step S <b> 101, the controller 21 of the first switching device 20 specifies the target battery based on the information transmitted from the input terminal 50. In step S102, the controller 21 controls on and off of the switch elements SW21 to SW28 and SW31 to SW38 so that the target battery specified in the process of step S101 can be charged / discharged. Thereby, a current path for charging and discharging the target battery is formed.

  In step S <b> 103, the controller 31 of the second switching device 30 specifies one of the charge / discharge devices 41 to 43 based on the information transmitted from the input terminal 50. Further, the controller 31 connects the specified charging / discharging device among the charging / discharging devices 41 to 43 to the first switching device 20 by controlling on and off of the switch elements SW11 to SW16.

  Thereby, the specified charging / discharging device is connected to the target battery. After the identified charging / discharging device among the charging / discharging devices 41 to 43 is connected to the target battery, any of the deterioration diagnosis processing, the SOC adjustment processing, and the complete discharging processing is performed in the charging / discharging device.

10: Battery pack, 11: Battery stack, 12: Battery block, 13: Single battery,
20: 1st switching apparatus, 30: 2nd switching apparatus, 41: 1st charging / discharging apparatus,
42: 2nd charging / discharging apparatus, 43: 3rd charging / discharging apparatus, 50: Input terminal

Claims (3)

A power storage device including a plurality of power storage elements connected in series, each having a plurality of power storage blocks connected in series ;
In mutually different power, and a plurality of charging and discharging device for charging and discharging at least one of the power storage element,
Comprising a positive terminal and a switching element connected to the negative terminal of the respective storage block, the on and off of the switch element, with obtain cut changeover the power storage block connected to the rechargeable device, the power storage block A switching device connected to a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal of each power storage element included, and a first switching device that switches the power storage device connected to the charge / discharge device by turning the switch element on and off ;
Wherein each discharge device comprises a switch connected elements, the on and off of the switch element, and the rechargeable device conversion obtain second switching device off, which is connected to the power storage block or the power storage element,
A charge / discharge system comprising: A power storage device including a plurality of power storage elements connected in series, each having a plurality of power storage blocks connected in series;
A plurality of charging devices for charging at least one power storage element with different electric power;
Switch elements connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of each power storage block, respectively, and switching the power storage block connected to the charging device by turning on and off the switch element, and the power storage block included in the power storage block A first switching device including a switching element connected to each of a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal of each power storage element, and switching the power storage element connected to the charging device by turning on and off the switch element;
A second switching device that includes a switching element connected to each of the charging devices, and switches the charging device connected to the power storage block or the power storage device by turning on and off the switching device;
A charging system comprising: A power storage device including a plurality of power storage elements connected in series, each having a plurality of power storage blocks connected in series;
A plurality of discharge devices for discharging at least one power storage element with different electric power;
The power storage block includes a switching element connected to a positive terminal and a negative terminal of each power storage block, and the power storage block connected to the discharge device is switched by turning the switch element on and off, and the power storage block includes the power storage block. A first switching device including a switching element connected to each of a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal of each power storage element, and switching the power storage element connected to the discharge device by turning on and off the switch element;
A switching device connected to each of the discharge devices, and a second switching device that switches the discharge device connected to the storage block or the storage device by turning on and off the switch element;
A discharge system comprising:

Images