JP6196918B2 - A heavy oil for external combustion equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel oil composition used for an external combustor such as a boiler, a hot air heater, an industrial furnace, and the like, and more specifically, JIS K 2205 Type 1 No. 1 heavy oil (sulfur content: 0.5 mass) % Of A fuel oil corresponding to less than or equal to (%) A fuel oil for an external combustor with improved calorific value per unit volume.

As fuel oil compositions for external combustors such as boilers, hot air heaters, and industrial furnaces, mainly kerosene (JIS K 2203), heavy oil A (class K heavy oil of JIS K 2205), heavy fuel oil C (JIS K 2205). Are used).
Kerosene is an excellent fuel oil composition for an external combustor that has an extremely low content of sulfur, nitrogen, and residual carbon, and has a low environmental impact due to combustion. However, there is a drawback that the calorific value per unit volume is low. In addition, in cold regions in winter, kerosene demand such as indoor heating is high, and special consideration is necessary for stable supply.
C heavy oil has a higher calorific value than A heavy oil, but because of its high viscosity, it is inconvenient to handle, such as requiring heating equipment during use, and has a high sulfur, nitrogen and residual carbon content. It has the disadvantage of a heavy load.
On the other hand, A heavy oil is generally excellent in supply stability and has a higher calorific value than kerosene, but there is a tendency that a higher calorific value is required. It is known that heavy fuel oil A with a higher calorific value can be achieved by increasing the mixing ratio of catalytic cracking light oil (LCO). However, when fuel with a high mixing ratio of LCO is used, an external combustor such as a boiler is used. Occasionally, poor combustion such as poor ignition and generation of soot may be observed.
About the A heavy oil by which higher calorific value is requested | required, the present inventors have made the following various proposals until now (refer patent documents 1-11).

Japanese Patent No. 3817182 Japanese Patent No. 3874596 Japanese Patent No. 3874601 Japanese Patent No. 3949501 Japanese Patent No. 4049951 Japanese Patent No. 4334696 Japanese Patent No. 4689086 Japanese Patent No. 4827349 JP 2003-096474 A JP 2005-336257 A JP 2009-079172 A

As mentioned above, kerosene has a great demand for kerosene such as indoor heating in cold regions in winter, and special consideration is necessary for stable supply. A heavy oil is generally excellent in supply stability, and Because it has the advantage of higher calorific value compared to kerosene, it is excellent in flammability in cold areas in winter and has a high calorific value. There has been a demand for heavy fuel oil A that can contribute to the stable supply of fuel oil and can reduce the consumption of the fuel oil composition.
Under such circumstances, the present invention improves the calorific value per unit volume of the fuel oil composition corresponding to the heavy oil A (sulfur content of 0.5% by mass or less) compared to the conventional heavy fuel oil A, and burns. A heavy oil for an external combustor having good properties is provided.

As a result of intensive studies in view of the above problems, the present inventors have found that A heavy oil having a specific composition and properties can solve the above problems.
The present invention is as follows.
[1] A heavy oil for an external combustor that satisfies all of the following (1) to (6).
(1) Density (15 ° C.) is 0.890 g / cm ³ or more (2) Kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C. is 1.8 mm ² / s or more and 3.0 mm ² / s or less (3) Cetane index is expressed by the following formula: S value greater than or equal to S = (V−1) × 25
(In the formula, V represents kinematic viscosity (mm ² / s) at 50 ° C.)
(4) Residual carbon content of 10% residual oil is 0.60% by mass or less (5) Sulfur content is 0.25% by mass or less based on heavy oil A (6) Aromatic components having 9 carbon atoms and 10 aromatics The total content of the group components is 6.5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less based on heavy oil A.

[2] The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to the above [1], which contains 1% by volume to 30% by volume of an aromatic compound that satisfies all of the following (A) to (C).
(B) The distillation initial boiling point is 146 ° C. or higher and the end point is 400 ° C. or lower. (B) The aromatic content is 90% by volume or higher. (C) The sulfur content is 0.01% by mass or lower with respect to the aromatic compound.

[3] The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to the above [2], wherein the aromatic compound further satisfies at least one of the following (d) to (ri).
(D) Aromatic content of 3 or more rings is 20 volume% or less with respect to the aromatic compound (e) Olefin content is 0.3 volume% or less with respect to the aromatic compound (f) Kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C. 0.8 mm ² / s or more and 2.0 mm ² / s or less (g) Density (15 ° C.) is 0.910 g / cm ³ or more (h) The amount of dry sludge is 2.0 mg / 100 mL or less with respect to the aromatic compound (Li ) Residual carbon content of 10% residual oil is 2.0% by mass or less. [4] Benzene, toluene in which the aromatic compound is a light fraction among aromatic fractions generated from a naphtha catalytic reformer Obtained by fractionating (extracting) a part of an aromatic component having xylene and 9 carbon atoms (extraction) to form a gasoline base or a petrochemical base, and then fractionating the aromatic component. A heavy oil for an external combustor according to the above [1] or [2].

[5] The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to any one of [1] to [4], further satisfying at least one of the following (7) to (15).
(7) The flash point is 60 ° C or higher. (8) The result of the petroleum product reaction test according to JIS K 2252 is neutral. (9) The pour point is 0 ° C or lower. (10) The water content is 0.3% by volume with respect to A heavy oil. (11) Ash content is 0.05 mass% or less with respect to heavy oil A (12) Dry sludge amount is 2.0 mg / 100 mL or less with respect to heavy fuel oil (13) Total calorific value is 40,150 J / cm ³ or more (14 ) The content of the aromatic component having 9 carbon atoms is 2.5% by mass or more and 12% by mass or less with respect to the heavy oil A. (15) The content of the aromatic component having 10 carbon atoms is 4.2 mass with respect to the heavy oil A. % To 10% by mass

[6] The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to any one of the above [1] to [5], wherein no kerosene fraction is blended.
[7] A heavy oil for an external combustor according to any one of the above [2] to [6], comprising at least the aromatic compound, catalytic cracking light oil (LCO), and direct desulfurized light oil (DSGO) .
[8] The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to any one of the above [1] to [7], which is for a hot air heater for facility horticulture.

According to the present invention, among fuel oil compositions corresponding to A heavy oil (sulfur content of 0.5% by mass or less), the calorific value per unit volume is improved and combustibility is better than conventional A heavy oil. A heavy oil for an external combustor can be provided.
Further, the high calorific value and good combustibility of the A heavy oil for the external combustor according to the present invention makes it possible to keep the kerosene and kerosene fraction content, which are in great demand in the cold region in winter, to be low. Can contribute to a stable supply of kerosene.
Furthermore, the consumption of the fuel oil composition can be reduced conventionally by using this A heavy oil for the external combustor.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically.
The present invention relates to an A heavy oil for an external combustor satisfying all of the compositions and properties defined in the following (1) to (6) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “A heavy oil of the present invention”), in particular: An external combustor containing 1% by volume or more and 30% by volume or less of an aromatic compound (hereinafter referred to as “aromatic compound in the present invention”) satisfying all of the compositions and properties specified in (a) to (c). It relates to heavy oil A for use.
A heavy oil of the present invention (1) Density (15 ° C.) is 0.890 g / cm ³ or more (2) Kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C. is 1.8 mm ² / s or more and 3.0 mm ² / s or less (3) Cetane index More than S value represented by the following formula S = (V-1) × 25
(In the formula, V represents kinematic viscosity (mm ² / s) at 50 ° C.)
(4) Residual carbon content of 10% residual oil is 0.60% by mass or less (5) Sulfur content is 0.25% by mass or less based on heavy oil A (6) Aromatic components having 9 carbon atoms and 10 aromatics The total content of the group components is 6.5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less based on heavy oil A.

Aromatic compound (i) In the present invention, the distillation initial boiling point is 146 ° C. or higher, and the end point is 400 ° C. or lower. (B) The aromatic content is 90 vol% or higher. (C) The sulfur content is 0 with respect to the aromatic compound. .01 mass% or less

[A heavy oil for external combustion equipment]
(Properties and composition of A heavy oil for external combustors)
The A heavy oil for an external combustor of the present invention satisfies both the composition and properties defined in the following (1) to (6).
(1) Density The density of heavy oil A of the present invention is 0.890 g / cm ³ or more at 15 ° C., preferably 0.895 g / cm ³ or more, more preferably, from the viewpoint of ensuring the effect of improving the calorific value of heavy oil A. 0.900 g / cm ³ or more.
The density of heavy oil A can be measured according to JIS K 2249 (crude oil and petroleum products—how to determine density—).

(2) Kinematic viscosity The kinematic viscosity of the heavy oil A of the present invention is 1.8 mm ² / s or more and 3.0 mm ² / s or less at 50 ° C. In other words, the lower limit value is set to maintain the appropriate specification range of the A heavy oil pump and flow meter, and in an external combustor equipped with a part of the hydraulic spray type burner, fuel is reduced due to a decrease in the dynamic viscosity of the heavy oil A. spray amount per hour of oil is reduced, since it becomes necessary to adjust the amount of combustion air, 1.8 mm ² / s at 50 ° C., and preferably from 1.9 mm ² / s. The upper limit is that in some external combustors, the combustibility deteriorates due to an increase in the kinematic viscosity of heavy oil A, so the combustibility in the external combustor is maintained (suppressing the generation of carbon monoxide and soot, In addition, in an external combustor equipped with a part of the hydraulic spray burner, the amount of fuel oil sprayed per hour increases due to an increase in the kinematic viscosity of the heavy oil A of the present invention. Since it is necessary to adjust the amount of combustion air, it is 3.0 mm ² / s at 50 ° C., preferably 2.8 mm ² / s, and more preferably 2.6 mm ² / s.
The kinematic viscosity can be measured according to JIS K 2283 (crude viscosity and petroleum product kinematic viscosity test method).

(3) Cetane index The cetane index of the heavy oil A of the present invention is not less than the S value represented by the following formula, preferably not less than the S value represented by the following formula and not less than 29, from the viewpoint of maintaining the combustibility in the external combustor. is there.
S = (V−1) × 25
(In the formula, V represents kinematic viscosity (mm ² / s) at 50 ° C.)
The cetane index can be measured and evaluated according to JIS K 2204-1992.

(4) Residual carbon content of 10% residual oil The residual carbon content of 10% residual oil in the A heavy oil of the present invention maintains the combustibility of the A heavy oil, particularly the suppression of soot generation due to poor combustion and the maintenance of storage stability (long From the viewpoint of suppression of sludge generation during storage for a period of time, it is 0.60% by mass or less, preferably 0.50% by mass or less, more preferably 0.40% by mass or less. In addition, from the viewpoint of tax law, the value is preferably not more than the above value and more than 0.2% by mass.
The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil can be measured according to JIS K 2270 (crude oil and petroleum products—residual carbon content test method).

(5) Sulfur content The sulfur content in the heavy fuel oil A of the present invention is reduced from the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load due to sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas and suppressing flue corrosion due to the suppression of the acid dew point of the exhaust gas. It is 0.25 mass% or less with respect to heavy oil, Preferably, it is 0.15 mass% or less.
The sulfur content can be measured according to JIS K2541 (crude oil and petroleum products-sulfur content test method).

(6) Total content of aromatic component having 9 carbon atoms and aromatic component having 10 carbon atoms Total amount of aromatic component having 9 carbon atoms and 10 aromatic component in heavy oil A of the present invention (C9 aromatic) Group + C10 aromatic) content is 6.5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less with respect to A heavy oil. That is, the heating effect of heavy fuel oil A, the mixing ratio reduction effect of kerosene fraction in heavy fuel oil A are maintained, the safety (flash point) in handling heavy fuel oil A, and the dry sludge of heavy fuel oil A From the viewpoint of suppressing the production, the lower limit is 6.5% by mass, preferably 7.5% by mass, and more preferably 8.5% by mass with respect to A heavy oil. In addition, from the viewpoint of maintaining the properties of the heavy oil A of the present invention and suppressing the decrease in stability associated with a large composition change, the upper limit value is 20% by weight, preferably 19% by weight, more preferably 18%, based on the heavy oil A. % By mass.
The total content of the aromatic components can be measured according to JIS K 2536-2 (petroleum product—component test method; determination of all components by gas chromatograph—).

The A heavy oil of the present invention is required to satisfy both the composition and properties defined in the above (1) to (6), and further, the composition defined in the following (7) to (15): It is preferable to satisfy at least one of the properties.
(7) Flash point The flash point of the heavy oil A of the present invention is preferably 60 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of ensuring safety in handling.
The flash point can be measured according to JIS K 2265 (crude oil and petroleum products-flash point test method).

(8) Reaction test From the viewpoint of preventing corrosion of auxiliary equipment such as fuel oil tanks, pipes, diesel engines, and equipped pumps, the A heavy oil of the present invention has the results of a petroleum product reaction test according to JIS K2252. Is preferable.

(9) Pour point The pour point of the heavy oil A of the present invention is preferably 0 ° C. or less, more preferably −20 ° C. or less, from the viewpoint of maintaining the fluidity of heavy oil A in use in cold regions in winter. is there.
The pour point of heavy oil A can be measured according to JIS K 2269 (pour point and cloud point test method for crude oil and petroleum products).

(10) Moisture content The moisture content in the heavy oil A of the present invention is a decrease in storage stability (sludge generation by an emulsion of asphaltenes and water), suppression of a decrease in the calorific value of fuel oil (a decrease in the calorific value due to water evaporation) From the viewpoint of (suppression), it is preferably 0.3% by volume or less, more preferably 0.1% by volume or less, based on heavy oil A.
The water content in A heavy oil can be measured according to JIS K 2275 (crude oil and petroleum products-moisture test method).

(11) Ash content The amount of ash in the heavy oil A of the present invention is 0 with respect to heavy fuel oil A from the viewpoint of suppressing wear of the burner tip, and suppressing corrosion and heat transfer failure due to ash adhering to the combustion chamber and heat transfer surface. It is preferably 0.05% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.001% by mass or less.
Ash content in heavy oil A can be measured according to JIS K 2272 (crude oil and petroleum product ash and sulfate ash test methods).

(12) Amount of dry sludge The amount of dry sludge in the heavy oil A of the present invention is preferably 2.0 mg / 100 mL or less, more preferably 1.0 mg with respect to heavy oil A from the viewpoint of maintaining the filter oil permeability of heavy oil A. / 100 mL or less.
The amount of dry sludge can be measured according to the all-fishing chain A heavy oil dry sludge measurement method (the method described in Marine Fisheries Engineering July 2013 issue p.105).

(13) Total calorific value The total calorific value of the heavy oil A of the present invention is from the viewpoint of effectively achieving the effects of the present invention, that is, from the viewpoint of maintaining the effect of reducing the mixing ratio of the kerosene fraction in the heavy A oil. The total calorific value is preferably 40,150 J / cm ³ or more, more preferably 40,250 J / cm ³ or more.
The total calorific value per container of A heavy oil can be measured and evaluated according to JIS K 2279 (crude oil and petroleum products-calorific value test method and calculation estimation method-).

(14) Content of aromatic component having 9 carbon atoms The content of aromatic component having 9 carbon atoms (C9 aromatic) in the heavy oil A of the present invention is preferably 2.5% by mass or more based on heavy oil A. 12 mass% or less. That is, from the viewpoint of maintaining the effect of improving the calorific value of heavy oil A, the effect of reducing the mixing ratio of the kerosene fraction in heavy fuel oil A, and further suppressing the generation of dry sludge in heavy fuel oil A, the lower limit is On the other hand, it is preferably 2.5% by mass, more preferably 3.5% by mass. In addition, from the viewpoint of maintaining the properties of the heavy oil A of the present invention, suppressing the decrease in stability associated with a large composition change, and maintaining the safety (flash point) in handling heavy fuel oil A, the upper limit value is A Preferably it is 12 mass% with respect to heavy oil, More preferably, it is 10 mass%.
The content of the aromatic component having 9 carbon atoms can be measured in accordance with JIS K 2536-2 (petroleum product-component test method; determination of all components by gas chromatograph).

(15) Content of aromatic component having 10 carbon atoms The content of aromatic component having 10 carbon atoms (C10 aromatic) in the heavy oil A of the present invention is preferably 4.2% by mass or more based on heavy oil A. 10.0% by mass or less. That is, from the viewpoint of maintaining the effect of improving the calorific value of heavy oil A, the effect of reducing the mixing ratio of the kerosene fraction in heavy fuel oil A, and further suppressing the generation of dry sludge in heavy fuel oil A, the lower limit is On the other hand, it is preferably 4.2% by mass, more preferably 4.7% by mass. In addition, from the viewpoint of maintaining the properties of the heavy oil A of the present invention and suppressing the decrease in stability associated with a large composition change, the upper limit is preferably 10% by weight, more preferably 8% by weight, based on the heavy oil A. is there.
The content of the aromatic component having 10 carbon atoms can be measured according to JIS K 2536-2 (petroleum product-component test method; how to obtain all components by gas chromatograph).

[Aromatic compounds]
The heavy oil A according to the present invention only needs to satisfy the compositions and properties defined in the above (1) to (6), but preferably has any of the compositions and properties defined in the following (a) to (c). It is obtained by blending the aromatic compound in the present invention.

(Properties and composition of aromatic compounds)
(I) Distillation property As an aromatic compound in this invention, a thing with an initial boiling point of 146 degreeC or more and an end point of 400 degrees C or less is used as distillation property. That is, from the viewpoint of maintaining safety in handling heavy oil A of the present invention (flash point and the like), a distillation initial boiling point is preferably 150 ° C. or higher, more preferably 160 ° C. or higher. The distillation end point is preferably from the viewpoint of maintaining a low content of heavy aromatic compounds in the heavy oil A of the present invention, and suppressing storage stability and carbon deposition in the combustion chamber and diffuser during long-term combustion. Is 380 ° C. or lower, more preferably 360 ° C. or lower.
The distillation property can be measured and evaluated according to JIS K 2254 (petroleum product—distillation test method).

(B) Aromatic content The aromatic content in the aromatic compound of the present invention is the effect of improving the calorific value of the A heavy oil of the present invention, and the mixing ratio reduction of the kerosene fraction in the A heavy oil of the present invention. From the viewpoint of maintaining the effect, it is 90% by volume or more, preferably 95% by volume or more, and more preferably 99% by volume or more.
The aromatic content can be measured and evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Specifically, petroleum product-hydrocarbon type test method-high performance liquid chromatograph method (JPI-5S-49-2007) is used. The same applies hereinafter.

(C) Sulfur content The sulfur content in the aromatic compound in the present invention is 0.01% by mass or less, based on the aromatic compound, from the viewpoint of maintaining the sulfur content in the heavy oil A of the present invention. Preferably, it is 0.005 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 0.001 mass% or less.
The sulfur content can be measured according to JIS K2541 (crude oil and petroleum products-sulfur content test method).

The aromatic compound according to the present invention satisfies all of the compositions and properties defined in the above (a) to (c), and further has at least one of the compositions and properties defined in the following (d) to (l). It is preferable to satisfy.
(D) Aromatic content of 3 or more rings The aromatic content of 3 or more rings in the aromatic compound in the present invention maintains a low content of heavy aromatic content in the heavy oil A of the present invention. From the viewpoint of storage stability and suppression of carbon deposition in the combustion chamber and diffuser during long-term combustion, it is preferably 20% by volume or less, more preferably 15% by volume or less based on the aromatic compound.
The above-mentioned aromatic content of three or more rings can be measured and evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

(E) Olefin content The olefin content in the aromatic compound in the present invention is preferably 0.3% by volume or less, based on the aromatic compound, from the viewpoint of maintaining the stability of the A heavy oil of the present invention. More preferably, it is 0.1 volume or less.
The olefin content can be measured and evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

(F) Kinematic viscosity The kinematic viscosity of the aromatic compound in the present invention maintains the kinematic viscosity of the A heavy oil of the present invention, and as a substitute for kerosene and kerosene fraction, the kerosene and kerosene fraction in the A heavy oil of the present invention are mixed. from the viewpoint of maintaining the effect of reducing the ratio, preferably at 50 ℃ 0.8mm ² / s or more 2.0 mm ² / s, more preferably not more than 1.0 mm ² / s or more 1.5 mm ² / s.
The kinematic viscosity can be measured according to JIS K 2283 (crude viscosity and petroleum product kinematic viscosity test method).

(G) Density The density of the aromatic compound in the present invention is 15 ° C., preferably 0.910 g / cm ³ or more, more preferably 0.00 from the viewpoint of maintaining the effect of improving the calorific value of the heavy oil A of the present invention. It is 915 g / cm ³ or more.
The density can be measured according to JIS K 2249 (crude oil and petroleum products—how to obtain density—).

(H) Amount of dry sludge The amount of dry sludge in the aromatic compound in the present invention is preferably 2.0 mg / 100 mL or less with respect to the aromatic compound from the viewpoint of maintaining the filter oil permeability of the heavy oil A of the present invention. More preferably, it is 1.0 mg / 100 mL or less.
The amount of dry sludge can be measured according to the all-fishing chain A heavy oil dry sludge measurement method (the method described in Marine Fisheries Engineering July 2013 issue p.105).

(I) Residual carbon content of 10% residual oil The residual carbon content of 10% residual oil in the aromatic compound in the present invention is the combustion sustainability of the heavy fuel oil A of the present invention, in particular, suppression of soot generation due to poor combustion, storage stability From the viewpoint of maintaining the property (suppression of sludge generation during long-term storage), it is preferably 2.0% by mass or less, more preferably 1.0% by mass or less.
The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil can be measured according to JIS K 2270 (crude oil and petroleum products—residual carbon content test method).

(Production of aromatic compounds)
The aromatic compound of the present invention is not particularly limited in its production method and purification method as long as it satisfies the above composition and properties. For example, the aromatic compound is produced and refined at a refinery or petrochemical factory using naphtha or the like as a raw material. Aromatic components and mixtures thereof can be suitably used.
For example, in a petrochemical factory, aromatic components obtained by distilling aromatics recovered from a cracked gasoline by-produced by the thermal decomposition of naphtha using a solvent extractor, naphtha is contacted in a refinery or petrochemical factory. Aromatic components obtained by distillation separation and solvent extraction as necessary from the reformed gasoline obtained by reforming can be mentioned, but from the reformed gasoline produced from the naphtha catalytic reformer, A heavy aromatic component obtained by fractional distillation (extraction) of a fraction such as benzene, toluene, xylene and a part of aromatic component having 9 carbon atoms is preferably used.

(Amount of aromatic compound)
It is preferable that the aromatic compound of this invention is mix | blended in the ratio of 1 to 30 volume% in the A heavy oil of this invention. That is, the lower limit is preferably 1% by volume, more preferably 3% by volume with respect to the A heavy oil of the present invention, from the viewpoint of maintaining the effect of improving the calorific value per unit volume of the A heavy oil of the present invention. The upper limit is preferably 6% by volume, and the upper limit is preferably 30% by volume with respect to the A heavy oil of the present invention, from the viewpoint of maintaining the properties of the A heavy oil of the present invention and suppressing the decrease in stability associated with a large composition change. More preferably, it is 26 volume, and more preferably 22 volume%.

[Other base materials]
As described above, the heavy oil A of the present invention is formed by blending the aromatic compound according to the present invention, but the base material other than the aromatic compound according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the composition and properties are satisfied. . Examples of other base materials that can be used include the following base materials (a) to (c). These base materials are appropriately blended so as to satisfy the above composition and properties, and the A heavy oil of the present invention is used. Can be prepared.

(A) Kerosene fraction / direct kerosene fraction (kerosene fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil with an atmospheric distillation device)
・ Desulfurized kerosene fraction (kerosene fraction obtained by desulfurizing straight-run kerosene fraction)
・ Hydrolysis kerosene fraction (a kerosene fraction obtained by hydrocracking a straight-run gas oil fraction and / or a vacuum gas oil fraction)

(B) Gas oil fraction / straight-run gas oil fraction (light oil fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil with an atmospheric distillation unit)
-Vacuum gas oil fraction (a gas oil fraction obtained by vacuum distillation of atmospheric distillation residue oil with a vacuum distillation device)
・ Desulfurized gas oil fraction (light oil fraction obtained by desulfurizing straight-run gas oil fraction)
・ Decomposed gas oil fraction (light oil fraction obtained by fluid catalytic cracking of atmospheric distillation residue oil and / or vacuum distillation residue oil)
・ Direct degassing light oil fraction (light oil fraction obtained by desulfurizing atmospheric distillation residue oil and / or vacuum distillation residue oil directly with desulfurization equipment)

(C) Residual carbon source In the heavy oil A of the present invention, from the viewpoint of diesel oil take-off tax, the following residual carbon source is used alone so that the residual carbon content of 10% residual oil exceeds 0.2 mass%, Or several types can be mixed and mix | blended.
・ Atmospheric distillation residue oil (residual oil obtained by normal pressure distillation of crude oil with an atmospheric distillation device)
-Vacuum distillation residue oil (residual oil obtained by vacuum distillation of atmospheric distillation residue oil with a vacuum distillation device)
・ Direct degassing heavy oil (heavy oil obtained by desulfurizing atmospheric distillation residue oil and / or vacuum distillation residue oil directly with desulfurization equipment)
・ Decomposed heavy oil (heavy oil obtained by fluid contact cracking of directly desorbed heavy oil)
・ Extracts (components by-produced from lubricating oil refining equipment)

As the A heavy oil of the present invention, from the viewpoint of effectively exhibiting the effects of the present invention among the above-mentioned base materials, for example, the aromatic compound in the present invention, catalytic cracking light oil (LCO), direct degassing light oil (DSGO), etc. What mix | blends residual carbon sources, such as a light oil component and an extract, etc. are preferable.
Of the above-mentioned base materials, with respect to the kerosene fraction, from the viewpoint of the effect of the present invention, the blending amount in the A heavy oil of the present invention is preferably as small as possible, and more preferably not blended.

[Other additives]
In the heavy oil A of the present invention, the low temperature fluidity improver, lubricity improver, cetane improver, combustion accelerator, detergent, sludge dispersant, Various additives such as antioxidants and fungicides can be appropriately selected and blended. Moreover, you may mix | blend coumarin from a viewpoint of light oil collection tax.

  EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these examples. In addition, the property of the aromatic compound of this invention and each A heavy oil was calculated | required according to the following method as above-mentioned.

[Evaluation of properties and composition of aromatic compounds]
(1) Distillation property: Measured according to JIS K 2254.
(2) Aromatic content: measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
(3) Sulfur content: measured in accordance with JIS K2541.
(4) Composition analysis: performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
(5) Kinematic viscosity (50 ° C.): Measured according to JIS K 2283.
(6) Density: Measured according to JIS K 2249.
(7) Flash point: measured in accordance with JIS K 2265.
(8) Dry sludge: Measured according to the whole fishing ream A heavy oil dry sludge measuring method.
(9) Residual carbon content: Measured according to JIS K 2270.

[Evaluation of properties and composition of heavy oil A]
Properties and compositions other than those described below were performed in the same manner as in the evaluation of the aromatic compound.
(10) Cetane index: measured in accordance with JIS K 2204-1992.
(11) Reaction test: Measured according to JIS K2252.
(12) Pour point: Measured according to JIS K 2269.
(13) Water content: Measured according to JIS K 2275.
(14) Ash content: measured in accordance with JIS K 2272.
(15) Total calorific value: Measured according to JIS K 2279.
(16) C9 aromatic, C10 aromatic, C9 aromatic + C10 aromatic: all measured in accordance with JIS K 2536-2.

Manufacture of aromatic compounds From the modified gasoline obtained by catalytic reforming of heavy naphtha, residual oil obtained by distilling off benzene, toluene and xylene was further distilled, and the initial distillation was obtained. A fraction having a point of 168.5 ° C. or higher was defined as an aromatic compound.

Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4
Aromatic compound A obtained by the above method, kerosene fraction, cracked light oil (LCO), direct deionized light oil (DSGO), straight run light oil (LGO), and extract (characteristics and composition of each substrate are shown in Table 1) 2) were mixed at the ratios shown in Tables 2 and 3 below to produce heavy oil A having the properties shown in Tables 2 and 3.
About each obtained A heavy oil, the total calorific value, sulfur content, and combustibility were evaluated on the following reference | standard. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[Performance Evaluation Criteria]
1. Total calorific value ◎; 40,250 J / cm ³ or more ○; 40,150 J / cm ³ or more and less than 40,250 J / cm ³ Δ; less than 40,150 J / cm ³

2. Sulfur content ◎: 0.15% by mass or less ○: More than 0.15% by mass, 0.25% by mass or less Δ: More than 0.25% by mass

3. Flammability evaluation (1) Evaluation model, conditions / evaluation model: House Kaonki HK-308 manufactured by Nepon
Fuel spray pressure: 9.0 kg / cm ²
・ Band shutter opening: Adjust exhaust gas oxygen concentration to be 5.0 ± 0.2% ・ Pre-burner heater for fuel heating: Off ・ Evaluation room temperature and oil temperature: 5-10 ° C.

(2) Evaluation items / Ignition properties: Visual observation of ignition delay / flammability: After ignition, after burning for 5 minutes continuously, measure the soot concentration (smoke number: SN) in the exhaust gas with a baccarat smoke tester (3) Evaluation criteria A: No ignition delay, SN is 2.0 or less ○: No ignition delay, SN is more than 2.0, less than 3.0 Δ;

  As is clear from Tables 2 and 3, the compositions of Examples 1 to 4 which are A heavy oils of the present invention all have a high calorific value, excellent combustibility, and a sufficient sulfur content. It was low. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1 in which the same amount of kerosene fraction was blended without blending the aromatic compound in Example 2, the density was low and the calorific value was not sufficient, and almost the same instead of the aromatic compound. In Comparative Example 2 in which the same amount was added as LCO, the cetane index was lower than the S value and the flammability was insufficient, and in Comparative Example 3 in which the same amount was added as DSGO instead of the aromatic compound, the cetane index was However, the calorific value and flammability are not sufficient. Further, Comparative Example 4 in which the same amount of LGO was used instead of the aromatic compound had a cetane index lower than the S value, and still did not have sufficient calorific value and flammability, and had a high sulfur content, which was an environmental burden. There was a problem. In all of Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the C9 aromatic + C10 aromatic fraction was outside the scope of the present invention.

  Since the A heavy oil of the present invention has a calorific value per unit volume improved and excellent in flammability, kerosene is used as a heavy oil for an external combustor in a cold region in winter and has a great demand. In addition, it becomes possible to keep the kerosene fraction content low and contribute to the stable supply of kerosene in cold regions in winter. Moreover, the consumption of the fuel oil composition can be reduced by using A heavy oil for the external combustor.

Claims (7)

A heavy oil for external combustors satisfying all of the following (1) to (6).
(1) Density (15 ° C.) is 0.890 g / cm ³ or more (2) Kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C. is 1.8 mm ² / s or more and 3.0 mm ² / s or less (3) Cetane index is S value or greater represented S = (V−1) × 25
(In the formula, V represents kinematic viscosity (mm ² / s) at 50 ° C.)
(4) Residual carbon content of 10% residual oil is 0.60% by mass or less (5) Sulfur content is 0.25% by mass or less based on heavy oil A (6) Aromatic components having 9 carbon atoms and 10 aromatics The total content of the aromatic component is 6.5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less with respect to the A heavy oil, and the content of the aromatic component having 9 carbon atoms is 2.5% by mass or more and 12% by mass with respect to the A heavy oil. The content of the aromatic component having 10 carbon atoms is 4.2% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less based on heavy oil A. The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to claim 1, comprising an aromatic compound satisfying any of the following (A) to (C) in an amount of 1% by volume to 30% by volume.
(B) The distillation initial boiling point is 146 ° C. or higher and the end point is 400 ° C. or lower. (B) The aromatic content is 90% by volume or higher. (C) The sulfur content is 0.01% by mass or lower with respect to the aromatic compound. The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to claim 2, wherein the aromatic compound further satisfies at least one of the following (d) to (ri).
(D) Aromatic content of 3 or more rings is 20% by volume or less with respect to the aromatic compound.
(E) Olefin content is 0.3 vol% or less with respect to aromatic compounds
(F) Kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C is 0.8 mm ² / S or more 2.0mm ² / S or less
(G) Density (15 ° C.) is 0.910 g / cm ³ that's all
(H) The amount of dry sludge is 2.0 mg / 100 mL or less with respect to the aromatic compound.
(Li) Residual carbon content of 10% residual oil is 2.0 mass% or less Furthermore, A heavy oil for external combustion machines in any one of Claims 1-3 which satisfy | fills at least one of following (7)-(13).
(7) Flash point is 60 ℃ or higher
(8) The result of the petroleum product reaction test according to JIS K 2252 is neutral.
(9) Pour point is 0 ° C or less
(10) Water content is 0.3% by volume or less with respect to A heavy oil
(11) Ash content is 0.05% by mass or less based on heavy oil A
(12) The amount of dry sludge is 2.0 mg / 100 mL or less relative to heavy oil A
(13) Total calorific value is 40,150 J / cm ³ that's all A heavy oil for external combustion machines according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein no kerosene fraction is blended. The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, comprising at least the aromatic compound, catalytic cracking light oil (LCO), and direct desulfurized light oil (DSGO). The A heavy oil for an external combustor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is for a hot air heater for facility horticulture.