JP6182437B2 - Nucleation device, method of manufacturing the same, and heat storage device provided with the nucleation device - Google Patents
Nucleation device, method of manufacturing the same, and heat storage device provided with the nucleation device Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、過冷却状態の潜熱蓄熱材を結晶化させる過冷却解除手段である発核装置とその製造方法、並びにこれを備えた蓄熱装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a nucleation device that is a supercooling release means for crystallizing a latent heat storage material in a supercooled state, a manufacturing method thereof, and a heat storage device including the same.
従来より、自動車などのエンジンやモーターの排熱、或いは太陽熱を蓄熱して必要な時に熱源として利用する蓄熱装置が知られている。この種の蓄熱装置では、蓄熱材として、固相から液相への相変化(融解)による潜熱を利用して蓄熱を行う潜熱蓄熱材が用いられている。潜熱蓄熱材の中でも過冷却状態を利用する蓄熱材は、融点以下でも液相の過冷却状態を保持し、外部刺激により液相から固相へ相変化(結晶化)して潜熱を放出する材料である。
このため、過冷却状態を利用する蓄熱装置には、任意のタイミングで潜熱蓄熱材に刺激を与えて結晶化を誘発する過冷却解除手段である発核装置が設けられている。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a heat storage device is known that stores exhaust heat from an engine or motor of a car or solar heat and uses it as a heat source when necessary. In this type of heat storage device, a latent heat storage material that stores heat using latent heat due to phase change (melting) from a solid phase to a liquid phase is used as the heat storage material. Among the latent heat storage materials, heat storage materials that use the supercooled state retain the liquid phase in the supercooled state even below the melting point, and release the latent heat by phase change (crystallization) from the liquid phase to the solid phase by external stimulation. It is.
For this reason, the heat storage device that uses the supercooled state is provided with a nucleation device that is a supercooling release unit that stimulates the latent heat storage material at an arbitrary timing to induce crystallization.
このような発核装置を備えた蓄熱装置として、特許文献1に記載の熱エネルギー貯蔵伝達装置がある(特許文献1を参照)。特許文献1に記載の熱エネルギー貯蔵伝達装置においては、過冷却状態の液体の潜熱蓄熱材に対して種結晶の接触により結晶化を開始させている。潜熱蓄熱材を加熱する際に種結晶が溶解しないように、種結晶は断熱容器内に収め、過冷却液体と種結晶との接触は、断熱容器の開閉により制御されている。 As a heat storage device provided with such a nucleation device, there is a thermal energy storage and transmission device described in Patent Document 1 (see Patent Document 1). In the thermal energy storage and transmission device described in Patent Document 1, crystallization is started by contact of a seed crystal with a liquid latent heat storage material in a supercooled state. In order to prevent the seed crystal from being dissolved when the latent heat storage material is heated, the seed crystal is stored in the heat insulating container, and the contact between the supercooled liquid and the seed crystal is controlled by opening and closing the heat insulating container.
また、他の過冷却解除手段として、機械的な衝撃を過冷却液体に加えて結晶化を開始させる発核装置がある。例えば特許文献2では、薄い金属製のストリップに力をかけてストリップの形状を変形させ、ストリップの孔内の過冷却液体に衝撃を加える発核装置である。 As another supercooling release means, there is a nucleation device that applies a mechanical impact to the supercooled liquid to start crystallization. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a nucleation device that applies a force to a thin metal strip to deform the shape of the strip and applies an impact to the supercooled liquid in the hole of the strip.
しかしながら、特許文献1に記載の熱エネルギー貯蔵伝達装置は、発核機構が複雑で装置が大型になる問題があった。また、特許文献2に記載の発核装置は、繰り返し使用での発核の確実性に問題があった。
本発明の目的は、簡便な機構で、過冷却状態の潜熱蓄熱材を確実に繰り返し結晶化させる発核装置の提供である。
However, the thermal energy storage and transmission device described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the nucleation mechanism is complicated and the device becomes large. Further, the nucleation device described in Patent Document 2 has a problem in the certainty of nucleation in repeated use.
An object of the present invention is to provide a nucleation apparatus that reliably and repeatedly crystallizes a subcooled latent heat storage material with a simple mechanism.
本発明者らは、鋭意検討の結果、過冷却液体の結晶化を開始させる発核装置において、弾性変形可能な板部材に設けた溝内に蓄熱材の主成分である水和物塩の無水物を埋めこめば、簡便な機構で過冷却状態の潜熱蓄熱材を繰り返し結晶化が可能な発核装置を実現できることを見出した。 As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention, in a nucleation apparatus that starts crystallization of a supercooled liquid, in a groove provided in an elastically deformable plate member, anhydrous hydrate salt that is a main component of a heat storage material. It was found that a nucleation device capable of repeatedly crystallizing a supercooled latent heat storage material with a simple mechanism could be realized by embedding objects.
前述した目的を達成するために、以下の発明を提供する。
(1)過冷却状態の蓄熱材を結晶化させるために可撓性を有する板部材の変形動作を利用する発核装置であって、前記可撓性を有する板部材には溝が設けられ、前記溝には、前記蓄熱材の主成分である水和物塩の無水物が内部に存在することを特徴とする発核装置。
(2)前記発核装置は、前記溝を板部材の片面もしくは両面に有し、前記発核装置が、2つの形状の間を変位可能であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の発核装置。
(3)前記溝の先端に亀裂を有し、前記亀裂が、前記発核装置の両面に対向するように形成された前記溝の間を連結することを特徴とする(2)に記載の発核装置。
(4)前記可撓性を有する板部材は、弾性を有する金属であることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の発核装置。
(5)前記蓄熱材は酢酸ナトリウム三水和物を主成分とし、前記溝の内部に酢酸ナトリウム無水物が存在することを特徴とする(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の発核装置。
(6)前記可撓性を有する板部材の変形動作は、二種類の形状の間でのスナップ変位を伴った変形であることを特徴とする(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の発核装置。
(7)可撓性を有する板部材の少なくとも片面に溝を形成する工程と、前記溝内に蓄熱材の水和物塩の無水物を配置する工程を具備することを特徴とする発核装置の製造方法。
(8)前記溝内に蓄熱材の水和物塩の無水物を配置する工程は、前記無水物を前記板部材の前記溝内に擦り込む工程を具備することを特徴とする(7)に記載の発核装置の製造方法。
(9)前記溝内に蓄熱材の水和物塩の無水物を配置する工程は、前記溝内に前記水和物塩を配置する工程と、前記板部材を加熱し、前記溝中の前記水和物塩を前記無水物にする工程を具備することを特徴とする(7)に記載の発核装置の製造方法。
(10)蓄熱容器内に、過冷却状態を利用する蓄熱材と、前記蓄熱材に含まれる塩の無水物を内部に有する溝を少なくとも片面に形成した可撓性を有する板部材の変形動作を利用する発核装置を有することを特徴とする蓄熱装置。
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the following invention is provided.
(1) A nucleation apparatus that utilizes a deformation operation of a flexible plate member to crystallize a supercooled heat storage material, wherein the flexible plate member is provided with a groove, The nucleating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an anhydride of a hydrate salt that is a main component of the heat storage material is present in the groove.
(2) The nucleating device according to (1), wherein the nucleating device has the groove on one surface or both surfaces of a plate member, and the nucleating device is displaceable between two shapes. Nuclear equipment.
(3) The tip of the groove has a crack, and the crack connects between the grooves formed to face both surfaces of the nucleation device. Nuclear equipment.
(4) The nucleating device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the flexible plate member is a metal having elasticity.
(5) The nucleation according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the heat storage material contains sodium acetate trihydrate as a main component, and sodium acetate anhydride is present inside the groove. apparatus.
(6) The deformation operation of the flexible plate member is a deformation accompanied by a snap displacement between two types of shapes, according to any one of (1) to (5), Nucleation device.
(7) A nucleation apparatus comprising a step of forming a groove on at least one surface of a flexible plate member, and a step of disposing an anhydride of a hydrate salt of a heat storage material in the groove. Manufacturing method.
(8) The step of disposing the anhydride of the hydrate salt of the heat storage material in the groove includes the step of rubbing the anhydride into the groove of the plate member (7). A method of manufacturing the nucleation device described.
(9) The step of disposing the hydrate salt anhydride of the heat storage material in the groove, the step of disposing the hydrate salt in the groove, heating the plate member, and in the groove The method for producing a nucleation device according to (7), further comprising the step of converting the hydrate salt into the anhydride.
(10) Deformation operation of a flexible plate member in which a heat storage material utilizing a supercooled state and a groove having an anhydrous salt contained in the heat storage material are formed at least on one side in the heat storage container. A heat storage device having a nucleation device to be used.
本発明により、簡便な機構で、過冷却状態の潜熱蓄熱材に確実に結晶化を引き起こすことが可能な発核装置を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a nucleation apparatus capable of surely causing crystallization in a supercooled latent heat storage material with a simple mechanism.
(発核装置1を用いた蓄熱装置11)
以下図面に基づいて、本発明の実施形態を詳細に説明する。本発明の実施形態に係る蓄熱装置11について説明する。図1は、蓄熱装置11の断面の模式図である。可撓性のある容器13には、過冷却状態を利用する潜熱蓄熱材15と発核装置1が封入されている。
(Heat storage device 11 using the nucleation device 1)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The heat storage device 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the heat storage device 11. The flexible container 13 encloses a latent heat storage material 15 that utilizes a supercooled state and the nucleation device 1.
容器13は、可撓性のあるラミネートフィルムからなる外装材で囲まれた蓄熱パックであり、外部応力により容器が変形し、内部の発核装置1に応力を容易に伝達できる構造である。発核装置1は外部応力により板部材が変形して形状が反転して発核を引き起こす構造である。潜熱蓄熱材15が過冷却状態の時に、発核装置1を作動させると、蓄熱装置11内の潜熱蓄熱材15が結晶化し、潜熱を放出して発熱する。
蓄熱容器を変形させずに、発核装置に応力を伝達しても良く、例えばモーターの駆動による応力で板部材を変形する方法があり、変形機構は電気的、物理的応力など限定されない。
The container 13 is a heat storage pack surrounded by an exterior material made of a flexible laminate film, and has a structure in which the container is deformed by an external stress and the stress can be easily transmitted to the internal nucleation device 1. The nucleation device 1 has a structure in which a plate member is deformed by an external stress and its shape is inverted to cause nucleation. When the nucleation device 1 is operated when the latent heat storage material 15 is in the supercooled state, the latent heat storage material 15 in the heat storage device 11 is crystallized and releases latent heat to generate heat.
The stress may be transmitted to the nucleation device without deforming the heat storage container. For example, there is a method of deforming the plate member by the stress generated by driving the motor, and the deformation mechanism is not limited to electrical or physical stress.
潜熱蓄熱材15は、水和物塩を主成分とし、過冷却状態が安定している材料であり、例えば酢酸ナトリウム三水和物が挙げられる。また、潜熱蓄熱材15は、潜熱蓄熱材15に含まれる水和物塩を無水化した無水物が、過冷却液体の発核を引き起こす種結晶として機能する材料である。 The latent heat storage material 15 is a material having a hydrate salt as a main component and having a stable supercooled state, such as sodium acetate trihydrate. The latent heat storage material 15 is a material that functions as a seed crystal in which an anhydride obtained by dehydrating a hydrate salt contained in the latent heat storage material 15 causes nucleation of the supercooled liquid.
発核装置1に用いる板部材の形状は長方形状の板形状や円板形状など限定されない。板部材の変形動作は、外力により起こされる繰り返し曲げやスナップ変位の飛び移り座屈を利用する。 The shape of the plate member used in the nucleation device 1 is not limited to a rectangular plate shape or a disk shape. The deformation operation of the plate member uses repeated bending caused by an external force or jump buckling of snap displacement.
(発核装置の構成)
図2(a)は、本発明の実施形態に係る発核装置1の平面図である。発核装置1は、溝3を有する可撓性の板部材である。溝3の内部には、潜熱蓄熱材15の主成分を構成する水和物塩の無水物が存在する。
蓄熱材15の主成分が酢酸ナトリウム三水和物の場合、溝中の無水物は酢酸ナトリウムに相当する。酢酸ナトリウム三水和物の融点は約58℃で、無水物である酢酸ナトリウムの融点は約320℃である。酢酸ナトリウム三水和物を加熱により溶融させても、溝3中に酢酸ナトリウムが溶融せずに残り、繰り返し発核機能が維持できる。
(Configuration of nucleation device)
Fig.2 (a) is a top view of the nucleation apparatus 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The nucleation device 1 is a flexible plate member having a
When the main component of the heat storage material 15 is sodium acetate trihydrate, the anhydride in the groove corresponds to sodium acetate. Sodium acetate trihydrate has a melting point of about 58 ° C., and anhydrous sodium acetate has a melting point of about 320 ° C. Even when sodium acetate trihydrate is melted by heating, sodium acetate remains in the
図2(b)は、発核装置1の図2(a)でのA−A断面での溝3の拡大図である。発核装置1は、板状の金属である。板部材の長手方向端部を保持し、図2(b)の矢印Bの方向に力を加え、板部材を湾曲するように変形させて発核動作とする。板部材は、弾性のある金属、例えばSUSが適しているが、適度な弾性があれば、プラスチック、ゴムなど材質を問わない。形状は長方形や円など限定しない。板形状では、外力による繰り返し曲げや飛び移り座屈により発核動作させるが、円板形状では、特にスナップ変位の飛び移り座屈を利用する。
FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the
円板形状の発核装置1cを図5に示す。発核装置1cは、円板状の金属であり、皿状の中央部5と、中央部5を取り囲むほぼ平坦な外側部7を有する。円板形状では、図6(a)、(b)に示すように、凸形状のくぼみ6aと凹形状のくぼみ6bの二種類の形状の間を変位する飛び移り座屈を利用する。飛び移り座屈は、ある釣り合った形状の間を往復するので、加える力の変動に対して中間の形状の変化が鈍感なため、安定した発核動作が実現できる。
二種類の形状に対して弾性変形以上の塑性変形を加えると、永久歪みが蓄積されて形状が維持できず、信頼性の高い発核動作を保証できないので、弾性変形内での繰り返し変形が望ましい。
A disc-shaped nucleation device 1c is shown in FIG. The nucleation device 1 c is a disc-shaped metal, and has a dish-like
If plastic deformation more than elastic deformation is applied to two types of shapes, permanent deformation is accumulated and the shape cannot be maintained, and reliable nucleation operation cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, repeated deformation within elastic deformation is desirable. .
図3に示すように、発核装置の溝は板部材の両面に設けてもよい。発核装置1の片面のみに溝3がある場合、1回変位させた後に元の形状に戻して、次回の変位に備える必要がある。一方、発核装置1の両面に溝3があれば、1回変形させた後、元の形状に戻すことなくそのまま使用できる。
As shown in FIG. 3, the grooves of the nucleation device may be provided on both sides of the plate member. When the
また、発核装置1の片面だけではなく、両面に溝3を設けると、潜熱蓄熱材の結晶化を引き起こす確率、すなわち信頼性を高くできる。さらに、図4に示すように、溝3が発核装置1の両面に形成され、対向する溝3の間が亀裂によって貫通していると、さらに信頼性を高くできる。このような亀裂は、例えば、板部材に刃を押し当てて溝を形成する際に、同時に形成できる。
Providing the
(発核装置1の作用)
発核装置1は、潜熱蓄熱材15中に置かれる。潜熱蓄熱材15を凝固点以下に冷却すると、過冷却状態となる。その後、板部材を湾曲させて発核装置1を作動させると、板部材の変位の際の衝撃と、溝内の無水物への接触により、過冷却状態の潜熱蓄熱材15の結晶化が開始する。一度結晶化が引き起こされると、結晶化が連鎖的に進行し、潜熱蓄熱材15は全体が結晶化する。過冷却状態の潜熱蓄熱材15は、結晶化過程で潜熱を放出し発熱する。結晶化した蓄熱材15は融点以上の加熱により溶融し、液体に戻る。この際、無水物の融点は高いので、溝内の無水物は溶融しない。
(Operation of the nucleation device 1)
The nucleation device 1 is placed in the latent heat storage material 15. When the latent heat storage material 15 is cooled below the freezing point, it enters a supercooled state. After that, when the plate member is bent and the nucleation apparatus 1 is operated, crystallization of the latent heat storage material 15 in the supercooled state starts due to the impact when the plate member is displaced and the contact with the anhydride in the groove. To do. Once crystallization is induced, crystallization proceeds in a chain and the entire latent heat storage material 15 is crystallized. The subcooled latent heat storage material 15 generates heat by releasing latent heat during the crystallization process. The crystallized heat storage material 15 is melted by heating above the melting point and returns to a liquid. At this time, since the melting point of the anhydride is high, the anhydride in the groove does not melt.
この後、再度冷却し、過冷却状態にした潜熱蓄熱材15に対して、発核装置1の板部材を変形させて発核装置1を作動させると、上記同様に発核が起き、発熱が見られる。 Thereafter, if the plate member of the nucleation device 1 is deformed with respect to the latent heat storage material 15 that has been cooled again and brought into a supercooled state and the nucleation device 1 is operated, nucleation occurs in the same manner as above, and heat generation It can be seen.
(発核装置1の効果)
本発明の実施形態に係る発核装置1は、板部材の変形という簡便な動作で、種結晶である無水物と過冷却状態の潜熱蓄熱材15を接触させる機構なので、物理的衝撃のみの発核機構に比べて、確実に過冷却状態の潜熱蓄熱材15を結晶にできる。
(Effect of nucleation device 1)
Since the nucleation device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a mechanism for bringing the seed crystal anhydride into contact with the subcooled latent heat storage material 15 by a simple operation of deformation of the plate member, it generates only a physical impact. Compared to the nuclear mechanism, the latent heat storage material 15 in a supercooled state can be reliably crystallized.
本発明の実施形態に係る発核装置1は、無水物を利用するので、蓄熱材の主成分の水和物より融点が高く、水和物の結晶が溶融する温度で無水物は溶融せず、繰り返し発核の種結晶として利用できる。また、無水物は、溝3の内部に保持されているので、液体の潜熱蓄熱材15への溶けこみを抑制できる。
Since the nucleation apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention uses an anhydride, the melting point is higher than that of the main component hydrate of the heat storage material, and the anhydride does not melt at a temperature at which the hydrate crystals melt. It can be used as a seed crystal for repeated nucleation. In addition, since the anhydride is held inside the
(発核装置1の製造方法)
板部材である発核装置1に溝3を形成する。溝3の形成方法は、板部材の材質に合わせて、適宜選択できる。例えば、板部材に刃を押し当てて溝を形成することができる。また、溝3の先端に亀裂を形成するためには、例えば、硬い受台の上に板部材を置き、刃を押し当てる際の刃の先端の力が十分に板部材に付加されるようにする。その後、水和物塩を溝3に擦り込むなどの方法で溝内に水和物塩を保持させた後、加熱により溝中の水和物塩を脱水して、無水物の結晶を溝3内に析出させる。
なお、無水物の溝内への配置工程では、無水物を板部材の溝内に擦り込んでもよい。
(Manufacturing method of nucleation device 1)
A
In the step of placing the anhydride in the groove, the anhydride may be rubbed into the groove of the plate member.
以上、添付図面を参照しながら、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明は係る例に限定されない。当業者であれば、本願で開示した技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到しえることは明らかであり、それらについても当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。 The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.
[実施例1]
金属片を凸型と凹型に曲げる弾性変形を利用した発核装置を作製した。金属片は、SUS304製の長方形状の薄片であり、片面に溝を設けた。
蓄熱材は酢酸ナトリウム三水和物を主成分とし、金属片に設けた溝中には酢酸ナトリウムを保持した。
酢酸ナトリウムの溝への配置は、金属片を、酢酸ナトリウム三水和物を主成分とする蓄熱材の固液共存状態にまで加熱した液中に漬けて溝内に酢酸ナトリウム水和物を浸透させ、その後70℃以上への加熱により酢酸ナトリウム水和物を酢酸ナトリウムに脱水化して実現した。
その後、金属片を別に準備した蓄熱容器の中に入れ、金属片を発核装置として機能させるために、平板状の金属片を外力により溝が凹側になるように曲げて、曲げた状態を維持するように固定した。
発核動作においては、凹側の亀裂面が凸になる方向に変形させた後、完全に結晶化する前に、再度変形させ元の形状に戻して保持する。
金属片が発核装置として機能するように設置した後、液体まで加熱した蓄熱材とともに蓄熱容器の熱圧着により封入した。
−20℃まで冷却して1日以上保持し、過冷却状態の安定な維持を確認した。
その後、20℃での1回の発核動作で蓄熱材は結晶化し、発核装置の動作を確認した。
[Example 1]
A nucleation device using elastic deformation that bent a metal piece into a convex shape and a concave shape was fabricated. The metal piece was a rectangular thin piece made of SUS304, and a groove was provided on one side.
The heat storage material was composed mainly of sodium acetate trihydrate, and sodium acetate was retained in the groove provided in the metal piece.
The sodium acetate is placed in the groove by immersing the metal piece in a liquid heated to the solid-liquid coexistence state of the heat storage material mainly composed of sodium acetate trihydrate and penetrating the sodium acetate hydrate into the groove. This was realized by dehydrating sodium acetate hydrate to sodium acetate by heating to 70 ° C. or higher.
After that, put the metal piece into a separately prepared heat storage container, and in order to make the metal piece function as a nucleation device, the flat metal piece is bent by an external force so that the groove is on the concave side, and the bent state is Fixed to maintain.
In the nucleation operation, after the concave crack surface is deformed in a convex direction, it is deformed again and held in its original shape before being completely crystallized.
After installing so that a metal piece might function as a nucleation apparatus, it enclosed with the thermal storage material of the thermal storage container with the thermal storage material heated to the liquid.
It cooled to -20 degreeC and hold | maintained for 1 day or more, and the stable maintenance of the supercooled state was confirmed.
Thereafter, the heat storage material crystallized by one nucleation operation at 20 ° C., and the operation of the nucleation apparatus was confirmed.
[比較例1]
実施例1における、溝内に蓄熱材の水和物塩の無水物を配置する作業を行わずに、金属片を液体まで加熱した蓄熱材と一緒に、蓄熱容器の中に入れ蓄熱容器の熱圧着により封入した。その後、室温で金属片を変形させる発核動作を行ったが、蓄熱材は結晶化せず、過冷却状態を維持したままであった。
[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, without placing the anhydrous hydrate salt of the heat storage material in the groove, the heat of the heat storage container is put into the heat storage container together with the heat storage material in which the metal piece is heated to the liquid. Encapsulated by crimping. Thereafter, a nucleation operation for deforming the metal piece at room temperature was performed, but the heat storage material did not crystallize and remained in a supercooled state.
[実施例2]
凸型の金属円板は、外力が加えられると撓み凹型に反転し、外力が取り除かれてもその形状を維持する。反対方向からの外力で、金属円板が撓み反転し、元の凸型の形状に戻る。以上のスナップ変位を行っても、形状が維持できる材質としてSUS304で金属円板を作製した。その後、金属円板の撓み反転可能な箇所の片面に溝を設けた。
蓄熱装置の容器の材質は硬質プラスチックとアルミ箔より構成するラミネートフィルムで、可撓性があり外部の応力により変形するので、金属円板が変形できる。
発核動作において、溝が凸になる方向に変形させた後、完全に結晶化する前に、再度変形させ元の形状に戻して保持する。
[Example 2]
When an external force is applied, the convex metal disk bends and reverses into a concave shape, and maintains its shape even when the external force is removed. The external force from the opposite direction causes the metal disk to bend and reverse and return to the original convex shape. A metal disk was made of SUS304 as a material capable of maintaining the shape even when the snap displacement described above was performed. Then, the groove | channel was provided in the single side | surface of the location which can bend and invert a metal disc.
The material of the container of the heat storage device is a laminate film made of hard plastic and aluminum foil, which is flexible and deforms due to external stress, so that the metal disk can be deformed.
In the nucleation operation, after the groove is deformed in a convex direction, it is deformed again and held in its original shape before it is completely crystallized.
蓄熱材は酢酸ナトリウム三水和物を主成分とし、金属円板に設けた溝中には酢酸ナトリウムを保持する。
酢酸ナトリウムの溝への配置は、金属円板を、酢酸ナトリウム三水和物を主成分とする蓄熱材の固液共存状態にまで加熱した液中に漬けて、金属円板の溝内に酢酸ナトリウム水和物を浸透させ、その後70℃以上への加熱により酢酸ナトリウム水和物を酢酸ナトリウムに脱水化して実現した。
その後、金属円板を別に準備した蓄熱容器の中に、液体まで加熱した蓄熱材とともに蓄熱容器の熱圧着により封入した。
−20℃まで冷却して1日以上保持し、過冷却状態の安定な維持を確認した。
その後、任意温度で金属円板を反転させる発核動作を行ったが、1回の動作で蓄熱材は結晶化し、発核装置の動作を確認した。
The heat storage material is mainly composed of sodium acetate trihydrate, and the sodium acetate is held in the groove provided in the metal disk.
The sodium acetate is placed in the groove of the metal disk by immersing the metal disk in a liquid heated to a solid-liquid coexistence state of a heat storage material mainly composed of sodium acetate trihydrate. This was achieved by infiltrating sodium hydrate and then dehydrating sodium acetate hydrate to sodium acetate by heating to 70 ° C. or higher.
Then, it enclosed by the thermocompression bonding of the heat storage container with the heat storage material heated to the liquid in the heat storage container which prepared the metal disk separately.
It cooled to -20 degreeC and hold | maintained for 1 day or more, and the stable maintenance of the supercooled state was confirmed.
Thereafter, a nucleation operation was performed to invert the metal disk at an arbitrary temperature, but the heat storage material crystallized in one operation, and the operation of the nucleation apparatus was confirmed.
[比較例2]
実施例1における、溝内に蓄熱材の水和物塩の無水物を配置する作業を行わずに、金属円板を液体まで加熱した蓄熱材と一緒に、蓄熱容器の中に入れ蓄熱容器の熱圧着により封入し、室温で金属円板を反転させる発核動作を行ったが、蓄熱材は結晶化せず、過冷却状態を維持したままであった。
[Comparative Example 2]
In Example 1, without placing the anhydride of the hydrate salt of the heat storage material in the groove, the metal disk is put into the heat storage container together with the heat storage material heated to the liquid, and the heat storage container Although encapsulated by thermocompression bonding and nucleation operation was performed to invert the metal disk at room temperature, the heat storage material did not crystallize and remained in a supercooled state.
[実施例3]
実施例2の場合よりも高い衝撃力により、金属円板の両面に溝を形成し、溝の形成と同時に亀裂が金属円板を貫通する加工を行った。酢酸ナトリウムの溝への配置は、金属円板を半溶融状態の蓄熱材の中に入れて蓄熱材を溝内に擦り込んだ後、80℃まで加熱する脱水処理により行った。蓄熱パック内に金属板を入れる場合には、加工を加えて亀裂を開けた面を凹になるようにした。
[Example 3]
Grooves were formed on both surfaces of the metal disk with a higher impact force than in the case of Example 2, and at the same time as the grooves were formed, cracks penetrated the metal disk. The sodium acetate was placed in the groove by a dehydration process in which a metal disk was placed in a semi-molten heat storage material, the heat storage material was rubbed into the groove, and then heated to 80 ° C. When putting a metal plate in the heat storage pack, the cracked surface was made concave by processing.
[比較例3]
実施例3と同様に、金属円板の両面に溝を形成し、溝と亀裂が金属円板を貫通する加工を行った後、蓄熱材の擦り込みを行わずに溝中に酢酸ナトリウムを配置していない発核装置を作製した。酢酸ナトリウム三水和物を用いた蓄熱パック内に発核装置を用いて蓄熱装置を作製した。
[Comparative Example 3]
Similar to Example 3, grooves were formed on both surfaces of the metal disk, and after processing the grooves and cracks to penetrate the metal disk, sodium acetate was placed in the grooves without rubbing the heat storage material. A non-nucleating device was made. A heat storage device was produced using a nucleation device in a heat storage pack using sodium acetate trihydrate.
[実施例4]
酢酸ナトリウム無水物の溝への配置を、酢酸ナトリウム三水和物の配置と加熱によらず、酢酸ナトリウム無水物の粉末を金属片の溝内に擦り込むことによって実現した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、発核装置を作製し、発核装置の動作を確認した。
[Example 4]
Example 1 except that disposition of anhydrous sodium acetate in the groove was achieved by rubbing the powder of anhydrous sodium acetate into the groove of the metal piece without depending on the disposition and heating of the sodium acetate trihydrate. In the same manner as above, a nucleation device was manufactured and the operation of the nucleation device was confirmed.
(信頼性の評価)
実施例1〜4、比較例3に係る蓄熱装置を10個作製し、発核装置の動作を確認した(熱サイクル前)。その後、各蓄熱装置を90℃まで加熱し蓄熱材を溶融後に、20℃まで冷却し、発核装置を作動させ、蓄熱材の結晶化が発生するかを確認した(1熱サイクル後)。また、加熱と冷却、発核装置作動を1サイクルとして、10回繰り返し、発核装置の動作信頼性を確認した。
動作信頼性は、一回の発核装置の作動で発核するかで評価したが、発核しなかった場合、5回まで発核装置を繰り返し動作させて、発核するか確認した。
なお、表中の発核成功数は、10個の蓄熱装置のうち、10個全てで1回の発核装置の作動で結晶化が確認されたことを意味し、()の中が一回の発核装置の作動で発核しなかった場合に5回までの発核動作で発核した個数である。
(Reliability evaluation)
Ten heat storage devices according to Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 3 were produced, and the operation of the nucleation device was confirmed (before the heat cycle). Thereafter, each heat storage device was heated to 90 ° C., and after the heat storage material was melted, it was cooled to 20 ° C., the nucleation device was operated, and it was confirmed whether crystallization of the heat storage material occurred (after one heat cycle). In addition, heating, cooling, and operation of the nucleator were repeated 10 times, and the operation reliability of the nucleator was confirmed.
The operational reliability was evaluated based on whether the nucleation was performed by one operation of the nucleation device, but when the nucleation was not performed, the nucleation device was repeatedly operated up to 5 times to confirm whether the nucleation occurred.
In addition, the number of successful nucleation in the table means that crystallization was confirmed by the operation of one nucleation apparatus in all 10 out of 10 heat storage apparatuses, and the inside of () is one time. This is the number of nuclei produced by up to 5 nucleation operations when no nucleation was caused by the operation of the nucleation device.
以上のように、蓄熱材無水物の配置処理を行った実施例1〜4は、複数回の発核装置の作動で、すべて発核が確認できた。中でも溝を両面に形成し、溝が亀裂により連結している発核装置を用いる実施例3では、一回の作動で確実に蓄熱材を結晶化できた。 As mentioned above, Examples 1-4 which performed the arrangement | positioning process of the thermal storage material anhydride have confirmed the nucleation by the action | operation of the nucleation apparatus in multiple times. In particular, in Example 3 using a nucleation apparatus in which grooves were formed on both surfaces and the grooves were connected by cracks, the heat storage material could be reliably crystallized by a single operation.
一方で、蓄熱材無水物の配置処理を行わなかった比較例3では、結晶化が発生しない場合が多かった。 On the other hand, in Comparative Example 3 in which the heat storage material anhydride placement process was not performed, crystallization often did not occur.
1、1a〜c………発核装置
3………溝
5………中央部
6a、6b………くぼみ
7………外側部
9………亀裂
11………蓄熱装置
13………容器
15………潜熱蓄熱材
1, 1a to c ......... nucleating
Claims (10)
前記発核装置が、2つの形状の間を変位可能であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発核装置。 The nucleation device has the groove on one side or both sides of a plate member,
The nucleation device according to claim 1, wherein the nucleation device is displaceable between two shapes.
前記亀裂が、前記発核装置の両面に対向するように形成された前記溝の間を連結することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の発核装置。 Having a crack at the tip of the groove;
The nucleation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the crack connects between the grooves formed to face both surfaces of the nucleation apparatus.
前記溝の内部に酢酸ナトリウム無水物が存在することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の発核装置。 The heat storage material is mainly composed of sodium acetate trihydrate,
5. The nucleation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein sodium acetate anhydride is present inside the groove.
前記溝内に蓄熱材の水和物塩の無水物を配置する工程を具備することを特徴とする発核装置の製造方法。 Forming a groove on at least one side of the flexible plate member;
The manufacturing method of the nucleation apparatus characterized by comprising the process of arrange | positioning the anhydride of the hydrate salt of a thermal storage material in the said groove | channel.
前記溝内に前記水和物塩を配置する工程と、
前記板部材を加熱し、前記溝中の前記水和物塩を前記無水物にする工程
を具備することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の発核装置の製造方法。 The step of disposing the anhydride of the hydrate salt of the heat storage material in the groove,
Disposing the hydrate salt in the groove;
The method for producing a nucleation device according to claim 7, further comprising the step of heating the plate member to change the hydrate salt in the groove to the anhydride.
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