JP6178527B1 - Processing method of wooden laminated beams - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wooden laminated beam capable of suppressing deterioration of beam strength or bending amount due to combination of a plurality of timbers even when the beam is lengthened by combining a plurality of timbers. With the goal. SOLUTION: An upper material beam in which a plurality of materials are connected in an axial direction and a first dovetail processing is performed on a lower surface, and a lower stage in which a plurality of materials are connected in an axial direction and a second dovetail processing is performed on an upper surface. A wooden laminated beam laminated so that the first dovetail processing and the second dovetail are fitted to each other, the first joint for connecting the materials of the upper stage material beam, and the lower stage A wooden laminated beam characterized in that the second joint connecting the materials of the material beams is shifted and arranged. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method of processing wood piled beam and the material beam wood laminating a plurality, in particular, the material beam between connected material axially on Machining method of Wooden superimposed beams joined by dovetail processing unit.

  Conventional large-sized buildings generally used steel frames for load-bearing structural materials, but in recent years stressed the advantages of tax law that the depreciation period is short, the cost and ease of dismantling, and the load-bearing structure The construction of large wooden structures using wood as a material is increasing.

  It is necessary to use a large wooden beam having a large cross-sectional area and length as the load-bearing structural material for a large wooden structure. However, inexpensive standardized distribution materials (such as redwood laminated timber) are smaller than large wooden beams, and many large wooden beams have been manufactured by processing expensive custom-made large timbers. In addition, since custom-made large timber has a long delivery time, processing a large wooden beam from a custom-made large timber has a disadvantage in that the construction period is prolonged.

  In order to avoid this, as disclosed in the abstract and FIG. 1, Patent Document 1 describes “a large beam material that can be easily machined by a precut machine without being fixed with an adhesive or a killer whale. "Providing a manufacturing method", "Process to form unevenness on the joint surface of multiple material beams to be joined, and process to combine multiple material beams so that the unevenness is fitted to each other so that there is no axial shear shift And a method of manufacturing a laminated beam comprising a step of integrally bonding a plurality of material beams combined with a tightening bolt, thereby obtaining a large wooden beam combining a plurality of material beams. .

  In addition, as described in the abstract, Patent Document 2 states that “a combination that has a good appearance, can easily integrate structural members, and can reliably prevent slipping (slipping) on the mating surfaces of the members. In order to propose a structural material, “a structural material is a combination structural material in which structural materials are brought into surface contact with each other along the longitudinal direction of the member on at least one surface and integrated on the contact surface. In the material, the concave portion is formed in a cross-sectional shape in which the deep side is wide along the width direction at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of the member, and the width of the other side structural material with respect to the portion corresponding to the concave portion Forming a convex portion with a cross-sectional shape that matches the concave portion along the direction, and joining the concave portion of the one-side structural material and the convex portion of the other-side structural material by fitting on the contact surface; The structural materials are integrated Disclose that it is "a combination structural material.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-63795 JP 2009-215783 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to process the unevenness, dowels, and dowel holes on the joint surface of the material beam, and after overlapping the material beam, it is necessary to fasten the overlap beam by fastening a plurality of bolts. Therefore, there is a problem that the processing time and processing cost of the material beam and the assembly time and manufacturing cost of the laminated beam are all increased.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a method of increasing the cross-sectional area of a beam by combining a plurality of materials, but does not disclose a method of extending a beam by combining a plurality of materials. For this reason, the method of Patent Document 1 cannot produce a large wooden beam having a desired length.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, there is a reference to wood in paragraph 0012, but it basically relates to a method of manufacturing a metal structure material in which metal materials with small material length constraints are laminated, and a combination of short materials is used. The specific method for manufacturing large wooden structures is not specified. For this reason, the method of Patent Document 2 cannot manufacture a large wooden beam having a desired length.

  In the present invention, based on the problems of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, even when a plurality of timbers are combined to lengthen the beam, the strength or deflection amount of the beam due to the combination of the plurality of timbers is reduced. An object is to provide a wooden laminated beam that can be suppressed.

In order to solve the above problems, the method of processing a wooden laminated beam according to the present invention includes an upper material beam in which a plurality of materials are connected in the axial direction, and a first dovetail processing is performed on the lower surface, and the plurality of materials in the axial direction. connected to a lower material beam subjected to second ant machining, the first ant machining a second ant processing is laminated to fit on the top surface, connecting material between the upper material beam to a first joint, a the lower second timber was placed staggered lap joint beam machining method material connecting material between the beams, concave portions of the ant machining, horizontal member machine A first trapping step of rotating the substantially trapezoidal cutting tool attached to the side from one end of the material beam toward the other end, and rotating the tool from the other end of the material beam toward the one end. Formed by a second cutting step .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the wooden laminated beam which can suppress deterioration of the intensity | strength of a beam or the deflection amount by combining several timber can be obtained, making a beam long by combining several timber.

Side view and front view of wooden laminated beam of Example 1 The enlarged side view before joining of the joint surface of Example 1 The enlarged side view after joining of the joined surface of Example 1 An enlarged side view of the joint surface of a wooden laminated beam of a comparative example Side view and front view of wooden laminated beam of Example 2 Plan view explaining the ant processing construction method Front view explaining ant processing construction method

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  First, the outline of the wooden laminated beam 1 of Example 1 of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. In the side view shown on the left side of FIG. 1, the length direction is scaled from the height direction.

  As shown in the left side view of FIG. 1, the wooden laminated beam 1 of this embodiment is an upper material beam 2 and a lower material beam 3 stacked in the vertical direction, and both are joined at a joint surface 4. It is. The upper material beam 2 is formed by processing general distribution materials such as standardized redwood laminated lumber and reducing the cross-sectional area or length of the materials 2a and 2b in the axial direction and connecting them with a joint 5 to integrate them. It is. Similarly, the lower material beam 3 is also a material in which materials 3 a, 3 b, 3 c are arranged in the axial direction and integrated by a joint 5.

  In the present embodiment, the joint 5 of the upper material beam 2 is provided in the upper center of the material 3b, and the joint 5 of the lower material beam 3 is provided in the lower center of the materials 2a and 2b, so that each joint 5 is separated. Arranged. This is to prevent the vicinity of the joints 5 having low strength from coming close to each other and increase the strength of the entire wooden laminated beam 1.

  As shown in the front view on the right side of FIG. 1, the wooden laminated beam 1 is laminated so that the short sides of the rectangular cross sections of the upper material beam 2 and the lower material beam 3 are in contact with each other. When using as, the mechanical strength as a beam can be increased by setting the longitudinal direction of the cross section to the vertical direction.

  In this embodiment, the upper material beam 2 is composed of two materials and the lower material beam 3 is composed of three materials. However, the number of materials used for each material beam is a wooden structure. The number may be changed to an appropriate number according to the length of the stacked beam 1. In this embodiment, the wooden laminated beam 1 is configured such that the short sides of the rectangular cross-section material beams are in contact with each other. However, the long sides may be in contact with each other, or the square cross-section material beams are stacked. The wooden laminated beam 1 may be configured.

  Next, details of the bonding surface 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B. FIG. 2A is an enlarged side view of the joining surface 4 before joining. As shown here, a concave portion 21 having a trapezoidal cross section and a convex portion 22 are provided on the lower surface of the upper material beam 2, and a concave portion 31 having a trapezoidal cross section and a convex shape are also provided on the upper surface of the lower material beam 3. A part 32 is provided. As is clear from FIG. 2A, the concave portion 21 and the concave portion 31 have the same shape, and the convex portion 22 and the convex portion 32 have the same shape. In the present embodiment, the concave portions 21 and 31 are formed by cutting the surface of the general distribution material at equal intervals, and as a result, the convex portions 22 and 32 are formed. These shapes may be processed. In the following, the unevenness processing applied to the surface of the upper material beam 2 is referred to as dovetail processing 4a, and the unevenness processing applied to the surface of the lower material beam 3 is referred to as dovetail processing 4b.

  FIG. 2B is an enlarged side view showing the joint surface 4 of the wooden laminated beam 1 obtained by meshing and integrating the ant processing 4a and the ant processing 4b. As shown in FIG. 2A, since the opening width L1 of the concave portion 21 is narrower than the width L4 of the convex portion 32, the upper material beam 2 and the lower material beam 3 are simply overlapped so that they can be engaged with each other. Can not. Therefore, the lower material beam 3 is slid from the side of the upper material beam 2 so that the convex portion 32 is slid and the convex portion 22 is slid into the concave portion 21, and the upper material beam 2 and the lower material beam 2 are slid. A joint surface obtained by meshing the material beams 3 is obtained. As described above, by engaging the dovetails 4a and 4b, even when a load is applied to the wooden laminated beam 1, no slip occurs on the joint surface 4, and the upper material beam 2 and the lower material are simply used. It can withstand a greater load than a wooden laminated beam in which the beams 3 are simply stacked.

  Next, the intensity | strength of the wooden laminated beam 1 of a present Example is demonstrated, showing an experimental result. Table 1 shows the dimensions of the general distribution material, the dimensions of each material of the upper material beam 2 and the lower material beam 3, and the dimensions of the wooden laminated beam 1 used in the experiment. As is clear from Table 1, the materials 3a and 3c are obtained by cutting other materials (such as 2a) in half, and each material is placed on the lower surface or the upper surface while maintaining the height of the general distribution material. Ant processing 4a, 4b is applied.

  Further, the upper base L1 of the trapezoidal cross section in the concave portions 21 and 31 is 180 mm, the lower base L2 is 196 mm, the height H is 25 mm, the upper base L3 of the trapezoidal cross section in the convex portions 22 and 32 is 178 mm, and the lower base L4 is 194 mm and height H were 25 mm. That is, by making the concave part slightly larger than the convex part, the convex part can be smoothly slid into the concave part.

  The deflection when a concentrated load of 338 kg was applied to the center of the wooden laminated beam 1 was 11 mm, and the deflection when a concentrated load of 1395 kg was applied was 25 mm.

  Next, Comparative Example 1 for the configuration of Example 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the joint surface 4X of the wooden laminated beam 1X of the first comparative example. As shown here, the wooden laminated beam 1X is formed by engaging a concave portion and a convex portion having a rectangular cross section formed on the surfaces of the upper material beam 2X and the lower material beam 3X to form a joint surface 4X. . Here, when the width L5 of the concave portions 21X and 31X is 188 mm, the height H is 25 mm, the width L6 of the convex portions 22X and 32X is 186 mm, and the height H is 25 mm, it is concentrated at the center of the wooden laminated beam 1X. The deflection when a load of 338 kg was applied was 19 mm, and the deflection when a concentrated load of 1395 kg was applied was 38 mm.

  That is, it was confirmed from the comparison of the deflection amount of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 that the deflection amount can be suppressed by about 34 to 42% by changing the configuration of Comparative Example 1 to the configuration of Example 1.

  Next, the dovetail processing method in the present embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5 shows the progress of dovetail processing applied to the material beam installed with the upper surface or the lower surface in the vertical direction in time series. In this embodiment, a cutting tool (router bit 50) having a cutting blade portion having a substantially trapezoidal shape in a side view mounted on a horizontal member processing machine (pre-cut processing machine) is used to form a concave shape on the upper or lower surface of the material beam. The parts are cut at regular intervals. Except for the method of using dovetail processing on the upper or lower surface of the beam, it is equivalent to the use of a general horizontal material processing machine and router bit that performs dovetail processing on the side of the beam, so its detailed explanation is Omitted.

  FIG. 5A shows one surface of the material beam before the dovetail processing, and FIG. 5B shows a state immediately after the router bit 50 is rotated to start cutting the material beam. . In FIG. 5, since the diameter of the cutting portion of the router bit 50 is made smaller than the width of the concave portion, the concave portion having a desired width cannot be obtained by only one cutting process. Therefore, after the cutting process from the upper end to the lower end of the material beam shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the router bit 50 is moved in the axial direction of the material beam as shown in FIG. Cutting process from top to bottom. Thus, by moving the router bit 50 back and forth, a concave portion wider than the width of the router bit 50 can be formed.

  Then, the concave portions can be formed at equal intervals by repeating the cutting process of FIG. 6 at the position of the router bit 50 illustrated in FIGS. Processing can be performed. In FIG. 6, the processing method of forming the concave portion by reciprocating the router bit 50 once is illustrated, but the concave portion is formed by cutting in one direction with the diameter of the router bit 50 being equal to the width of the concave portion. Alternatively, the diameter of the router bit 50 may be further reduced, and the concave portion may be formed by a plurality of reciprocating cuts.

  According to the configuration of the first embodiment described above, a wooden laminated beam that can suppress the deterioration of the strength or the bending amount of the beam due to the combination of a plurality of woods while lengthening the beam by combining a plurality of woods. Can be obtained. In addition, since the dovetail processing of the present embodiment can be realized by a horizontal material processing machine and a cutting tool that are generally distributed, it is possible to easily and inexpensively realize the dovetail processing necessary for a wooden laminated beam. it can.

  Next, a wooden laminated beam according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, duplication description is abbreviate | omitted about the point which is common in Example 1. FIG.

  The wooden laminated beam 1 of the first embodiment is a combination of the upper material beam 2 and the lower material beam 3, but the wooden laminated beam 1A of this example has the upper material beam 2 and the upper material beam 2 as shown in FIG. An intermediate material beam 7 is arranged between the lower material beams 3. In FIG. 4, a configuration in which one middle-stage material beam 7 is provided is illustrated, but a configuration in which a plurality of middle-stage material beams 7 are provided may be employed.

  As described in the first embodiment, the upper material beam 2 and the lower material beam 3 are provided with dovetail processing 4a and 4b on the lower surface or the upper surface. Processing 4c is performed. Thereby, the dovetail processing 4c on the upper surface of the middle material beam 7 is meshed with the dovetail processing 4a of the upper material beam 2, and the dovetail processing 4d on the lower surface of the middle material beam 7 is meshed with the ant processing 4b of the lower material beam 3. Thus, it is possible to configure the wooden laminated beam 1 in which the upper material beam 2, the lower material beam 3, and the middle material beam 7 are integrated. In addition, since the shape of the dovetail process 4c of the intermediate | middle stage beam 7 is equivalent to the shape demonstrated in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In FIG. 4, details of the dovetail processing 4c on the upper surface and the dovetail processing 4d on the lower surface of the intermediate beam 7 are not shown, but the vertical positions of the concave portion 71 of the dovetail processing 4c and the convex portion 72 of the dovetail processing 4d are not shown. It is desirable to have a configuration in which When the intermediate material beam 7 has such a configuration, the number of material beams constituting the wooden laminated beam 1A can be increased by simply stacking any number of intermediate material beams 7, so that a wooden structure with a desired strength can be obtained. The stacked beam 1A can be easily realized.

  Next, the strength of the wooden laminated beam 1A of this embodiment will be described while showing experimental results. Table 2 shows the dimensions of the general distribution material, the dimensions of the upper material beam 2, the lower material beam 3, the middle material beam 7 and the wooden laminated beam 1A used in the experiment. As is clear from Table 2, the materials 7a and 7c are obtained by cutting other materials (2a and the like) in half, and each material maintains the height of the general distribution material while maintaining the lower surface or the upper surface. Alternatively, ants are processed on both sides.

  Furthermore, the upper base L1 of the trapezoidal cross section in the concave parts 21, 31, 71 is 186 mm, the lower base L2 is 196 mm, the height H is 25 mm, the upper base L3 of the trapezoidal cross section in the convex parts 22, 32, 72 is 184 mm, The lower base L4 was 194 mm, and the height H was 25 mm. That is, by making the concave part slightly larger than the convex part, the convex part can be smoothly slid into the concave part.

  The deflection when a concentrated load of 900 kg was applied to the center of the wooden laminated beam 1A was 7 mm, the deflection when a concentrated load of 1800 kg was applied was 10 mm, and the deflection when a concentrated load of 2275 kg was applied was 13 mm.

  Next, Comparative Example 2 for the configuration of Example 2 will be described. The wooden laminated beam 1Y of Comparative Example 2 is the same shape as the wooden laminated beam 1A shown in Table 2, and is integrally formed of redwood laminated material having a height of 420 mm, a width of 105 mm, and a length of 3985 mm. The deflection when a concentrated load of 900 kg was applied to the center of the wooden laminated beam 1Y was 3 mm, the deflection when a concentrated load of 1800 kg was applied was 4 mm, and the deflection when a concentrated load of 2275 kg was applied was 6 mm.

  That is, from the comparison of the amount of bending between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2, the wooden laminated beam 1A in which three material beams are combined has a larger amount of bending than the wooden laminated beam 1Y, but the wooden laminated beam of Example 1 It was confirmed that the amount of bending can be suppressed to a sufficiently small amount compared to the amount of bending of 25 mm when a load of 1395 kg is applied to 1.

  According to the structure of Example 2 demonstrated above, the wooden laminated beam which can suppress further the deterioration of the intensity | strength of a beam or the amount of bending by combining several timber can be obtained.

1, 1A, 1X, 1Y ... Wooden laminated beams,
2, 2X ... Upper material beam,
2a, 2b ... material,
3, 3X ... lower material beam,
3a, 3b, 3c ... material,
4, 4X ... Bonding surface,
4a, 4b, 4c, 4d ... Ant processing,
5 ... Fitting,
7 ... Middle material beam,
7a, 7b, 7c ... material,
21, 21X, 31, 31X, 71 ... concave portion,
22, 22X, 32, 32X, 72 ... convex portion,
50 ... Router bit

Claims (8)

An upper material beam in which a plurality of materials are connected in the axial direction and the lower surface is subjected to the first dovetail processing, and a lower material beam in which a plurality of materials are connected in the axial direction and the upper surface is subjected to the second dovetail processing, the first ant machining and the second ant machining stacked to fit the second connecting the first coupling for connecting materials with each other of the upper material beam, the material between the lower material beam A method of processing a wooden laminated beam in which the joints of
The concave part of each ant processing is
A cutting tool with a substantially trapezoidal shape in side view attached to a horizontal material processing machine,
A first cutting step of rotating and moving from one end of the material beam to the other end;
A second cutting step of rotating the material beam from the other end toward the one end;
A method for processing a wooden laminated beam, characterized in that it is formed by: An upper material beam with a plurality of materials connected in the axial direction and a first dovetail on the lower surface, a plurality of materials connected in the axial direction, a second dovetail on the upper surface, and a third on the lower surface The first dovetail processing and the second dovetail processing include the middle stage material beam subjected to the above-mentioned dovetail processing and the lower stage material beam obtained by connecting a plurality of materials in the axial direction and performing the fourth dovetail processing on the upper surface. fitted, the third ant machining and the fourth ant machining laminated to mate, connected to the first joint for connecting materials with each other of the upper material beam, the material between the middle material beam The second joint is shifted and arranged, and the second joint, and the third joint for connecting the materials of the lower material beams are shifted, and the method of processing the wooden laminated beam ,
The concave part of each ant processing is
A cutting tool with a substantially trapezoidal shape in side view attached to a horizontal material processing machine,
A first cutting step of rotating and moving from one end of the material beam to the other end;
A second cutting step of rotating the material beam from the other end toward the one end;
A method for processing a wooden laminated beam, characterized in that it is formed by: In the processing method of the wooden laminated beam of Claim 1 or Claim 2,
A method for processing a wooden laminated beam , wherein the upper material beam and the lower material beam have different numbers of materials to be connected. In the processing method of the wooden laminated beam of Claim 1 or Claim 2,
A method for processing a wooden laminated beam , characterized in that the material is a standardized wood subjected to ant processing. In the processing method of the wooden laminated beam of Claim 1 or Claim 2,
A method for processing a wooden laminated beam , wherein the material is a redwood laminated timber. A method of processing a wooden laminated beam in which a plurality of material beams are laminated,
Each concave part of dovetail processing given to the joint surface of each material beam is
A cutting tool with a substantially trapezoidal shape in side view attached to a horizontal material processing machine,
A first cutting step of rotating and moving from one end of the material beam to the other end;
A second cutting step of rotating the material beam from the other end toward the one end;
A method for processing a wooden laminated beam, characterized by being formed by: In the processing method of the wooden laminated beam of Claim 6 ,
A method for processing a wooden laminated beam, wherein the concave portions are formed at equal intervals on a joint surface of each material beam. In the processing method of the wooden laminated beam of Claim 6 or 7 ,
Each cutting process is performed in the state which made the upper surface or lower surface of the said material beam the perpendicular direction, The processing method of the wooden laminated beam characterized by the above-mentioned.

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