JP6170382B2 - Reciprocating compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor suitably used for supplying and discharging compressed air for vehicle height adjustment to an air suspension or the like mounted on a vehicle such as a four-wheeled vehicle.

  In general, an air suspension mounted on a vehicle as a vehicle height adjusting device suppresses a change in the vehicle height (vehicle height) according to, for example, a change in load weight, and increases the vehicle height according to a driver's preference. In order to adjust appropriately, compressed air is supplied and discharged from an on-vehicle air compressor (air compressor).

  An in-vehicle air compressor that supplies compressed air to the air suspension compresses the air sucked into the reciprocating compressor and supplies it to the air suspension by driving the reciprocating compressor with an electric motor. To do.

  Here, the reciprocating compressor includes a cylindrical cylinder, a piston that reciprocates while swinging in the cylinder, and defines a non-compression chamber and a compression chamber in the cylinder, an annular flat plate portion, and the flat plate And a lip ring that seals between the piston and the cylinder by the lip portion, and is formed on the piston to communicate the non-compression chamber and the compression chamber. The communication path, the piston, and a suction valve that opens the communication path during the suction stroke, and a discharge valve that discharges the gas sucked into the compression chamber during the compression stroke.

  The suction valve is made of a thin plate having spring properties, and is provided on the tip surface of the piston so as to close the communication path. In this case, a configuration is known in which the suction valve is fixed to the piston using a screw, a rivet or the like (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-8-189468

  In the reciprocating compressor of Patent Document 1, since the suction valve is fixed to the piston using screws, rivets, etc., the number of parts is increased and the piston is not drilled (threaded). Must not. For this reason, there exists a problem of causing the fall of assembly workability | operativity and the raise of manufacturing cost.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating compressor in which a suction valve can be fixed to a piston with a simple configuration.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention adopts a feature that the piston has an outer peripheral annular portion on which the flat plate portion of the lip ring is placed, and a smaller diameter than the outer peripheral annular portion. The suction valve is formed to protrude from an outer peripheral annular portion, and the suction valve is mounted thereon. The suction valve includes a base portion mounted on the protrusion portion and one end integrally provided with the base portion. Is a plate-like body serving as a valve part for opening and closing the communication path, and a plurality of cut and raised parts are provided on the outer peripheral side of the base part, and a flat plate of the lip ring is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the projecting part In this configuration, a ring member is provided to hold the portion and the cut-and-raised portion of the suction valve with respect to the piston.

  According to the present invention, since the lip ring and the suction valve can be fixed to the piston by the ring member, the number of parts can be reduced, and workability and productivity can be improved.

It is a longitudinal section showing a reciprocating compressor by an embodiment of the invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the compression structure part in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view in the state which decomposed | disassembled the piston, the lip ring, the suction valve, and the ring member. It is a perspective view which expands and shows a suction valve alone.

  Hereinafter, a swing type air compressor will be described as an example of a reciprocating compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 1, a swing type air compressor 1 includes a crankcase 2, a crankshaft 3, an electric motor 4, a cylinder 6, a cylinder head 9, a piston 10, a lip ring 13, a suction valve 15, a ring member 17, The discharge valve 18 is included.

  The crankcase 2 of the air compressor 1 is formed as a hollow container made of a metal material such as an aluminum material. The crankcase 2 is provided with a cylindrical portion 2A that is open on the front side, a bearing mounting portion 2B that is provided by reducing the diameter of the rear side of the cylindrical portion 2A, and a radial direction, for example, on the upper side of the cylindrical portion 2A. The cylinder mounting portion 2C and a lid 2D provided by closing the opening of the cylindrical portion 2A. The crankcase 2 has a crank chamber 2E for rotatably accommodating the crankshaft 3.

  Specifically, an electric motor 4 serving as a drive source for the air compressor 1 is attached to the rear side of the crankcase 2. On the other hand, the crankshaft 3 is connected to the tip of the drive shaft 4A of the electric motor 4 supported by the bearing 2F in the bearing mounting portion 2B so as to integrally rotate. The crankshaft 3 is provided with a support bolt 3A at a position eccentric from the rotation center of the drive shaft 4A. Thereby, the crankshaft 3 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 4 to cause the support bolt 3 </ b> A to revolve and reciprocate a piston 10 described later. A suction port 5 that opens to the outside is provided on the side surface of the crankcase 2, and external air is sucked through the suction port 5.

  The cylinder 6 is provided on the crankcase 2. The cylinder 6 is formed in a cylindrical shape using, for example, an aluminum material, and a piston 10 described later is inserted into the cylinder 6 so as to be capable of reciprocating. The cylinder 6 has a base end attached to a cylinder attachment portion 2C of the crankcase 2 and a cylinder head 9 to be described later attached to the distal end. Furthermore, the inside of the cylinder 6 is defined by a non-compression chamber 7 that communicates with a crank chamber 2E in the crankcase 2 and a compression chamber 8 on the cylinder head 9 side (see FIG. 1) by a piston 10 described later. The cylinder 6 is bolted to the cylinder mounting portion 2 </ b> C of the crankcase 2 together with the cylinder head 9.

  The cylinder head 9 is attached to the distal end side of the cylinder 6 so as to close the distal end side of the cylinder 6. This cylinder head 9 closes the tip end side of the cylinder 6 and forms a compression chamber 8 between the cylinder 10 and the piston 10, and is provided through the valve plate portion 9 A so as to communicate with the compression chamber 8. It has a discharge port 9B and a cylindrical discharge valve mounting portion 9C to which a discharge valve 18 described later is mounted. The discharge port 9B communicates with the outflow passage 9D via the discharge valve 18, and the outflow passage 9D is connected to an external air tank (not shown).

  The piston 10 is inserted so as to be able to reciprocate while swinging in the cylinder 6. This oscillating piston 10 defines a non-compression chamber 7 and a compression chamber 8 in a cylinder 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the piston 10 is formed as a disc body having a diameter dimension slightly smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the cylinder 6. Here, the piston 10 is formed as a flat stepped cylindrical body by a large-diameter outer peripheral annular portion 10A and a small-diameter protruding portion 10B.

  As a result, the front end surface of the outer peripheral annular portion 10A is an annular front end surface 10C that is processed flat in order to place a flat plate portion 13A of the lip ring 13 described later. On the other hand, the protruding portion 10B has a columnar shape smaller in diameter than the outer peripheral annular portion 10A, and is formed to protrude from the outer peripheral annular portion 10A. The flat plate portion 13A of the lip ring 13 is attached to the outer peripheral surface 10D of the protruding portion 10B so as to be fitted. Furthermore, the front end surface of the protrusion 10B is a flat circular front end surface 10E for mounting a suction valve 15 described later.

  The piston 10 formed in this way is connected to the crankshaft 3 via a connecting rod 11 described later, and reciprocates while swinging in the cylinder 6 by the rotational drive of the crankshaft 3.

  The connecting rod 11 is provided on the lower surface side (crankshaft 3 side) of the piston 10, and the connecting rod 11 connects the crankshaft 3 and the piston 10. One end 11 </ b> A in the length direction of the connecting rod 11 is integrally attached to the lower surface central portion of the piston 10. On the other hand, the other end side of the connecting rod 11 is located in the crank chamber 2E in the crankcase 2 and becomes a cylindrical bearing support portion 11B. The bearing support portion 11B is supported by the support bolt 3A of the crankshaft 3 via the bearing 12. Is rotatably mounted on the Therefore, the connecting rod 11 can rotate the bearing support portion 11 </ b> B and reciprocate the piston 10 in the cylinder 6 when the crankshaft 3 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 4.

  The lip ring 13 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the piston 10. The lip ring 13 seals between the piston 10 and the cylinder 6. The lip ring 13 is formed as a sealing member having an L-shaped cross section made of, for example, a resin material having wear resistance and self-lubricating properties. That is, the lip ring 13 includes an annular flat plate portion 13A and a cylindrical lip portion 13B rising from the outer periphery of the flat plate portion 13A, and the gap between the piston 10 and the cylinder 6 is sealed by the lip portion 13B. Yes.

  Specifically, the flat plate portion 13A of the lip ring 13 is externally fitted to the protruding portion 10B (outer peripheral surface 10D) of the piston 10 and placed on the annular tip surface 10C. On the other hand, the lip portion 13B comes into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 6 in an airtight manner. Here, the lip ring 13 is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the piston 10 by holding the flat plate portion 13A between the outer peripheral annular portion 10A of the piston 10 and a ring member 17 described later.

  The communication path 14 is provided in the piston 10, and the communication path 14 communicates between the non-compression chamber 7 and the compression chamber 8. The communication passage 14 is formed as a substantially semicircular passage that penetrates the piston 10 in the axial direction (the length direction of the connecting rod 11).

  The suction valve 15 opens the communication path 14 during the suction stroke and closes the communication path 14 during the compression stroke. The suction valve 15 is formed of a circular thin plate having elasticity (spring property), and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a circular base portion 15A placed on the circular distal end surface 10E of the protruding portion 10B, and one end Is provided integrally with the base portion 15A, and the other end is composed of a valve portion 15B for opening and closing the communication passage 14, and is configured as a plate-like body as a whole. Here, the base portion 15A of the suction valve 15 is placed on the circular tip surface 10E of the projecting portion 10B of the piston 10, and is formed as a disk that is equal to or slightly smaller than the circular tip surface 10E. Further, the valve portion 15B is formed in a tongue shape by cutting the circular base portion 15A into a Ω-shaped groove and is disposed at a position where the communication passage 14 is closed.

  Thereby, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2, the valve portion 15 </ b> B is opened during the suction stroke to connect the non-compression chamber 7 and the compression chamber 8. On the other hand, during the compression stroke, the valve is closed as shown by the solid line, and the non-compression chamber 7 and the compression chamber 8 can be shut off. Further, a cut-and-raised portion 16 described later is provided on the outer peripheral side of the valve portion 15B. The suction valve 15 has a structure in which the outer peripheral side of the base portion 15A is sandwiched between a ring member 17 described later and a protruding portion 10B (circular tip surface 10E) of the piston 10.

  A plurality of, for example, three cut-and-raised portions 16 are provided on the outer peripheral side of the base portion 15A of the suction valve 15. Each cut-and-raised part 16 is cut into a quadrangular shape by cutting out in a U-shape from the outer peripheral side of the base portion 15A toward the center. In this state, it is formed by bending obliquely so that the tip end side of the cut and raised portion 16 is raised. Here, each cut-and-raised portion 16 has a height dimension in a free state from a height (gap) dimension H between a circular tip surface 10E of the piston 10 and an inner flange portion 17C of a ring member 17 described later. Is formed to be sufficiently large including tolerances.

  Thereby, when the ring member 17 described later is fitted to the protruding portion 10B of the piston 10, the cut and raised portions 16 are pressed by pressing the cut and raised portions 16 with the inner flange portions 17C of the ring member 17. The suction valve 15 can be brought into intimate contact with the circular tip surface 10E of the piston 10 while elastically deforming.

  The ring member 17 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 10 </ b> D of the protruding portion 10 </ b> B that forms the piston 10. The ring member 17 sandwiches the flat plate portion 13A of the lip ring 13 and the cut and raised portions 16 of the suction valve 15 with respect to the piston 10. The ring member 17 is formed as an annular body using, for example, an aluminum material.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ring member 17 has an annular pressing surface 17 </ b> A that presses the flat plate portion 13 </ b> A of the lip ring 13. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the ring member 17 is a fitting surface 17B that is fitted to the outer peripheral surface 10D of the piston 10. The fitting surface 17B is press-fitted to the outer peripheral surface 10D with a tightening margin, whereby the ring member 17 is integrally attached to the protruding portion 10B of the piston 10. Further, the ring member 17 is provided with an annular inner flange portion 17C by reducing the diameter of the fitting surface 17B opposite to the pressing surface 17A.

  When the fitting surface 17B is press-fitted into the outer peripheral surface 10D of the projecting portion 10B of the piston 10, the ring member 17 causes the flat surface portion 13A of the lip ring 13 between the annular tip surface 10C of the piston 10 by the pressing surface 17A. It can be fixed between. At this time, the inner flange portion 17C can be fixed by sandwiching the periphery of the suction valve 15 by reducing the gap (height) dimension with the circular tip surface 10E to the dimension H. In this case, since the ring member 17 is fixed by press-fitting, screwing, drilling and the like are not required, and the ring member 17 can be easily fixed.

  The discharge valve 18 is provided in the cylinder head 9, and the discharge valve 18 discharges the air sucked into the compression chamber 8 during the compression stroke. The discharge valve 18 is provided in the discharge valve mounting portion 9C so as to be able to reciprocate. The valve body 18A communicates and blocks the discharge port 9B, and the valve spring 18B biases the valve body 18A toward the valve plate portion 9A. And a cap 18C for pressing the valve spring 18B. In this case, when the pressure in the compression chamber 8 becomes higher than the pressure on the outflow passage 9D side and the urging force of the valve spring 18B, the valve body 18A is opened, and the compressed air in the compression chamber 8 is discharged from the discharge port 9B to the outflow. The air is supplied to the air tank (not shown) side through the passage 9D.

  Here, the procedure for assembling the lip ring 13, the suction valve 15, and the ring member 17 to the piston 10 will be described.

  First, the flat plate portion 13A of the lip ring 13 is attached to the protruding portion 10B of the piston 10 in an externally fitted state. Next, the suction valve 15 is disposed on the circular distal end surface 10E of the protruding portion 10B so as to close the communication passage 14 with the valve portion 15B. In this state, the fitting surface 17B of the ring member 17 is press-fitted to the outer peripheral surface 10D of the protruding portion 10B. Thereby, the lip ring 13 can be fixed by sandwiching the flat plate portion 13 </ b> A between the annular tip surface 10 </ b> C (the outer peripheral annular portion 10 </ b> A) of the piston 10 and the pressing surface 17 </ b> A of the lip ring 13. At the same time, the suction valve 15 can be fixed by sandwiching the periphery of the base portion 15A, that is, each cut-and-raised portion 16 between the circular tip surface 10E of the protruding portion 10B and the inner flange portion 17C of the ring member 17. it can.

  The oscillating type air compressor 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the operation thereof will be described next.

  First, when the drive shaft 4 </ b> A is rotationally driven by the electric motor 4, the rotation of the drive shaft 4 </ b> A and the crankshaft 3 is transmitted to the piston 10 via the connecting rod 11. The piston 10 reciprocates while swinging in the cylinder 6, and alternately repeats a suction stroke in which the piston 10 moves away from the cylinder head 9 and a compression stroke in which the piston 10 approaches the cylinder head 9.

  In this case, if a negative pressure is generated in the compression chamber 8 during the suction stroke of the piston 10, the suction valve 15 opens the valve portion 15B by this negative pressure. As a result, the non-compression chamber 7 and the compression chamber 8 communicate with each other via the communication passage 14 provided in the piston 10, so that external air that has flowed into the non-compression chamber 7 from the suction port 5 via the crank chamber 2E. The air is sucked into the compression chamber 8 through the communication path 14. Since the base portion 15A and the cut-and-raised portion 16 of the suction valve 15 are securely held by the inner flange portion 17C of the ring member 17, the suction valve 15 does not rattle during the suction stroke, and the valve The part 15B can be opened.

  On the other hand, in the compression stroke in which the piston 10 reaches from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the pressure in the compression chamber 8 increases, and when the pressure in the compression chamber 8 becomes higher than the set pressure on the discharge valve 18 side, the discharge valve 18 valve elements 18A are opened. Thereby, the compressed air in the compression chamber 8 can be stored in an external air tank (not shown) or the like via the discharge port 9B and the outflow passage 9D.

  Here, in the compression stroke of the piston 10, the lip portion 13 </ b> B of the lip ring 13 placed on the outer peripheral annular portion 10 </ b> A of the piston 10 is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 6, thereby The space is hermetically sealed, and the air compressed in the compression chamber 8 is prevented from leaking into the non-compression chamber 7.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the piston 10 has an outer peripheral annular portion 10A on which the flat plate portion 13A of the lip ring 13 is placed, and a smaller diameter than the outer peripheral annular portion 10A and protrudes from the outer peripheral annular portion 10A. The suction valve 15 is formed by a protrusion 10B on which the suction valve 15 is placed. The suction valve 15 has a base 15A placed on the protrusion 10B and one end integrally provided with the base 15A. Is formed as a plate-like body serving as a valve portion 15B for opening and closing the communication passage 14, and a plurality of cut and raised portions 16 are provided on the outer peripheral side of the base portion 15A. In addition, a ring member 17 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 10D of the protruding portion 10B to hold the flat plate portion 13A of the lip ring 13 and the cut-and-raised portion 16 of the suction valve 15 with respect to the piston 10. .

  Therefore, only by attaching the ring member 17 to the piston 10, the ring member 17 can simultaneously attach the two members of the lip ring 13 and the suction valve 15 to the piston 10.

  As a result, only the operation of attaching the lip ring 13 to the piston 10 using the ring member 17 can be performed, and at the same time, the suction valve 15 can be attached to the piston 10 and the assembling operation can be improved.

  Moreover, the suction valve 15 is provided with a plurality of cut-and-raised portions 16 by notching the outer peripheral side of the base portion 15A into a U-shape. Accordingly, the base portion 15A (the cut-and-raised portion 16) of the suction valve 15 is cut and stably used between the inner flange portion 17C of the ring member 17 and the protruding portion 10B of the piston 10 by using the elastic force of the raised portion 16. Can be pinched. Further, the cut and raised portion 16 having elasticity can tolerate dimensional errors due to tolerances and can be easily processed.

  Thus, when assembling the air compressor 1, for example, without using a suction valve mounting part made of screws, rivets, pins, or the like, or without using a tool or the like for fixing the suction valve 15, The ring member 17 can be securely fixed to the piston 10. Further, since the number of parts for attaching the suction valve can be reduced, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the productivity can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the suction valve 15 is cut into an Ω shape to provide the base portion 15A and the valve portion 15B. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the base portion and the valve portion may be provided by cutting them into a C shape, a U shape, or a U shape.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, the ring member 17 illustrated the case where it press-fits and fits with respect to the protrusion part 10B of the piston 10. FIG. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a thread groove is cut in the fitting surface 17B of the ring member 17 and the outer peripheral surface 10D of the piston 10, and the ring member 17 is fastened to the protruding portion 10B. It is good also as a structure.

  In the present embodiment, the discharge valve 18 has been described by taking as an example a configuration in which the valve element 18A is opened and closed with respect to the discharge port 9B by the valve spring 18B. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the discharge valve 18 is formed by using a reed valve made of an elastic thin plate similarly to the suction valve 15, and the discharge port 9 </ b> B is communicated and blocked by this reed valve. It is good.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the reciprocating type air compressor 1 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to the air compressor, and may be widely applied to, for example, a vacuum pump, a refrigerant compressor, and the like. it can.

Next, the invention included in the above embodiment will be described. That is, in the present invention, the protruding portion of the piston is formed in a circular shape with a flat tip surface, and the base portion of the suction valve is formed in a circular shape placed on the leading end surface of the protruding portion, and the valve portion of the suction valve Is formed as a tongue-like valve portion by cutting out into the Ω shape with respect to the base portion, and the cut-and-raised portion is raised so that the outer peripheral side of the base portion is notched in a U shape and inclined obliquely It is configured. Thereby, a circular suction valve can be mounted on the front end surface of the protrusion formed in a columnar shape. In this case, since the cut-and-raised part is formed to rise obliquely, the base part of the suction valve can be brought into close contact with the distal end surface of the protruding part with elasticity.

1 Air compressor (reciprocating compressor)
6 cylinder 7 non-compression chamber 8 compression chamber 10 piston 10A outer peripheral annular portion 10B projecting portion 13 lip ring 13A flat plate portion 13B lip portion 14 communication passage 15 suction valve 15A base portion 15B valve portion 16 cut raising portion 17 ring member 18 discharge valve

Claims (2)

A cylindrical cylinder;
A piston that reciprocates while swinging in the cylinder and defines a non-compression chamber and a compression chamber in the cylinder;
A lip ring comprising an annular flat plate portion and a cylindrical lip portion rising from the flat plate portion, and sealing between the piston and the cylinder by the lip portion;
A communication path formed in the piston for communicating the non-compression chamber and the compression chamber;
A suction valve provided on the piston and opening the communication path during a suction stroke;
A discharge valve for discharging the gas sucked into the compression chamber during the compression stroke;
In a reciprocating compressor equipped with
The piston includes an outer peripheral annular portion on which the flat plate portion of the lip ring is placed, and a protrusion having a smaller diameter than the outer peripheral annular portion and protruding from the outer peripheral annular portion, on which the suction valve is placed, Consists of
The suction valve is a plate-like body having a base portion mounted on the projecting portion, one end provided integrally with the base portion, and the other end serving as a valve portion that opens and closes the communication path. On the outer peripheral side, a plurality of cut and raised portions are provided,
A reciprocating compressor characterized in that a ring member is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the projecting portion to sandwich the flat plate portion of the lip ring and the cut-and-raised portion of the suction valve with respect to the piston. The protruding portion of the piston is formed in a circular shape with a flat front end surface,
The base of the suction valve is formed in a circular shape placed on the tip surface of the protrusion,
The valve portion of the suction valve is formed as a tongue-like valve portion by cutting out the Ω shape with respect to the base portion,
The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the cut-and-raised part is configured to rise so that the outer peripheral side of the base part is cut out in a U-shape and inclined obliquely.

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