JP6159687B2 - Spraying surface monitoring method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is based on a spray surface monitoring method for monitoring the displacement amount of a spray surface formed by spraying concrete on a face of a tunnel, a drilling surface, a mountain surface of a natural ground or a rock, and a measurement result. The present invention relates to a spray surface monitoring system.

  For example, at the time of tunnel construction, the face is formed by excavating the ground and carrying out (slipping) the earth and sand and earth and rocks, and further spraying sprayed concrete on the face. After that, a series of processes are completed by building a support work, secondary spraying, installation of a lock bolt, and the like, and a series of processes is repeatedly performed to form a tunnel.

  The above series of steps (one cycle) requires a minimum of 4 hours, and about half of that time is the step after the primary spraying on the face, that is, the construction of support works, secondary It is divided into processes such as spraying and installation of lock bolts. Therefore, these latter processes are important processes that require a lot of time in the entire process, and in order to carry out the important processes over a long period of time safely and reliably, Monitoring of the collapse is important. Therefore, conventionally, a monitoring method has been used in which a change (displacement amount) in the distance to the spraying surface is measured at any time using a laser distance meter and a collapse is predicted according to the displacement amount (see Patent Document 1).

  When measuring the distance to the spraying surface using a laser distance meter, irradiate the laser light from the laser distance meter toward the spraying surface, and further capture the reflected light from the spraying surface to determine the distance to the spraying surface. . In this case, in order to ensure the light quantity of reflected light, a reflecting plate etc. may be installed in a spraying surface and a laser beam may be irradiated toward a reflecting plate. When installing a reflecting plate, it was usual to install a hard reflecting plate on the spraying surface using an anchor pin or the like.

JP 2005-331363 A

  However, the sprayed surface is a rough surface with severe irregularities, and as the measurement distance increases, noise increases and measurement accuracy decreases. In order to improve this measurement accuracy, it is also possible to use a reflector or reflector, but due to its nature, reflectors and reflectors have problems such as being unable to stick to uneven areas, so they can be stretched temporarily. Even if it is possible, it is not easy to make it adhere to the spray surface. Here, if the reflector plate or the reflective sheet is forcibly brought into close contact with the spraying surface, there arises a problem that a predetermined amount of light cannot be obtained. It becomes difficult to plan directly. Further, since the reflector is usually installed using an anchor pin or the like, the reflector may move due to external factors such as wind from the air duct or vibration of heavy machinery. When installing the etc., it is necessary for the worker etc. to approach the spraying surface, and there is a possibility that the work is dangerous.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide a spraying surface monitoring method and a spraying surface monitoring system capable of monitoring a displacement amount of a spraying surface safely and accurately.

  The present invention is formed by spraying shotcrete using a measuring instrument that irradiates the irradiation target position with laser light, captures the reflected light from the irradiation target position, and measures the relative positional relationship to the irradiation target position. It is a spraying surface monitoring method for measuring the relative positional relationship to the spraying surface and monitoring the displacement amount of the spraying surface based on the measured relative positional relationship, and at the irradiation target position irradiated with the laser light on the spraying surface, A paint adhesion process to attach a retroreflective coating, and a measurement process to irradiate the irradiation target position with laser light from the measuring instrument, capture the reflected light reflected at the irradiation target position, and measure the relative positional relationship with the irradiation target position And. Here, the relative positional relationship to the spray surface is intended to be the relative positional relationship between the measuring instrument and the irradiation target position, and not only the mutual distance but also the displacement caused by shaking, displacement, vibration, rotation, etc. It is a concept that also includes. However, when the relative positional relationship is based on the distance, it is preferable because the load in the arithmetic processing or the like is small.

  The present invention can be realized only by using a retroreflective paint, not a reflector or a reflective sheet. That is, in the present invention, since the retroreflective coating adheres and does not peel regardless of the unevenness of the spray surface, it becomes easy to stably obtain a predetermined amount of reflected light, and the displacement amount of the spray surface can be monitored with high accuracy. . Further, since the retroreflective coating and the spray surface are in close contact with each other, there is no gap between them, and the displacement amount of the spray surface can be directly measured, which is advantageous in improving the monitoring accuracy of the displacement amount of the spray surface. Also, the retroreflective coating is easier to attach than the installation of reflectors, etc., especially because workers can attach the retroreflective coating to the irradiation target position from a position away from the spraying surface. The above is also advantageous.

  The viscosity of the retroreflective coating material is preferably 500 cps or more and 3000 cps or less. The retroreflective coating is preferably dispersed as uniformly as possible with a low viscosity. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too low, the liquid will drip and difficult to adhere properly. Here, the sprayed surface formed by the concrete spraying has unevenness, and there is a situation where it is difficult for the liquid to spill. Therefore, if it is 500 cps or more and 3000 cps or less, appropriate adhesion becomes possible and effective. is there.

  Further, when the maximum aggregate size of sprayed concrete is 20 mm or less and the water cement ratio is 65% or less, it is advantageous that a sprayed surface having good compatibility with a retroreflective coating having a predetermined viscosity can be formed.

  Further, in the spray surface monitoring method according to the present invention, the face surface is excavated in the tunnel pit, and the face surface progressing step is performed in which the face surface is advanced by removing the earth rock generated by the excavation, and the primary sprayed concrete on the face surface. A primary support process to form a sprayed surface by spraying and a secondary support process to install a steel support in the tunnel pit after the primary support process and spray secondary spray concrete onto the pit wall The face face advance process, primary support process, and secondary support process are repeatedly performed, and the paint adhesion process is performed after the primary support process. In the paint adhesion process, the steel support work is separated from the spray surface. It is preferable that the retroreflective coating is adhered to the irradiation target position from the already installed mine area using the coating material applicator. The tunnel area where the steel support is installed is separated from the spraying surface, which is advantageous for ensuring safety. From the tunnel area, a retroreflective coating is applied to the irradiation target position using a paint applicator. By doing so, you can work safely.

  Further, in the paint adhering step, it is preferable that the paint adhering device is a paint injecting device that separates the retroreflective paint from the spraying surface and attaches the retroreflective paint to the irradiation target position using the paint adhering tool. It is. By using the paint spraying device, the retroreflective paint can be easily attached to a wide range from a position away from the spraying surface.

  In addition, in the paint adhesion process, the retroreflective coating is adhered to the irradiation target position using the paint adhering tool while being separated from the spraying surface, and the paint adhering tool includes an application unit for applying the retroreflective paint, and an application unit. It is preferable to have a handle portion that supports. By operating the position of the application part at the handle part, the retroreflective coating can be reliably attached to the target position.

  Moreover, the spraying surface monitoring system according to the present invention irradiates the irradiation target position on the spraying surface formed by spraying shotcrete with a laser beam, captures the reflected light from the irradiation target position, and reaches the irradiation target position. Calculates the displacement of the spraying surface based on the relative positional relationship measured by the measuring instrument that measures the relative positional relationship, the retroreflective paint that is attached to the irradiation target position, and the measurement result of the displacement. And a monitoring device that outputs alarm information based on the above.

  In the above spraying surface monitoring system, the retroreflective coating adheres regardless of the unevenness of the spraying surface and does not peel off, so that it is easy to stably obtain a predetermined amount of reflected light, and the amount of displacement of the spraying surface can be accurately determined. Can be monitored. As a result, alarm information can be appropriately output based on the calculation result of the displacement amount monitored by the monitoring device.

  According to the present invention, the displacement amount of the spray surface can be monitored safely and accurately.

It is a perspective view which shows simply the measurement process of the spraying surface monitoring method which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the spraying surface monitoring system which concerns on this embodiment. The first half of the process repeatedly performed when excavating a natural ground to form a tunnel is schematically shown, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing the excavation process, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the slipping process, (C) is sectional drawing which shows a primary support process. The latter half process repeatedly performed when excavating a natural ground and forming a tunnel is typically shown, (a) is sectional drawing which shows the paint adhesion process of a retroreflection paint, (b) It is sectional drawing which shows the process which has installed the steel support in the mine, (c) is sectional drawing which shows a secondary support process. It is a perspective view which shows simply the coating material adhesion process which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows simply the coating material adhesion process which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In mountain tunnel construction, for example, sprayed concrete is sprayed on the face to form a sprayed surface, and the worker works at a position close to the sprayed surface. Therefore, for safety management, always monitor the condition of the spraying surface, and monitor the subtle displacement invisible to the natural ground, that is, the push-out amount and the pull-in amount (displacement amount) of the spraying surface to predict the collapse of the spraying surface. That is very important. In the following description, a case where the amount of extrusion is mainly monitored as the amount of displacement of the spray surface will be described as an example.

  In order to monitor the amount of extrusion of the spray surface formed on the face, the present embodiment uses a spray surface monitoring system equipped with a high-precision laser distance meter. First, a laser distance meter and a spray surface monitoring system will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an installation base 2 on which a laser distance meter (measuring instrument) 3 is installed is attached to the top of the pit A. The laser rangefinder 3 is installed on the installation table 2 such that the irradiation direction of the laser light L faces the face surface 5 (spraying surface 6). The laser distance meter 3 (see FIG. 2) includes a laser diode and an irradiation unit 3 a that irradiates the irradiation target position T of the spraying surface 6 with the laser light L, and reflected light reflected at the irradiation target position T of the spraying surface 6. A light receiving unit 3b having a light receiving element for receiving R, and a control calculation unit 3c for controlling the irradiation of the laser light L from the irradiation unit 3a and monitoring the capture of the reflected light R by the light receiving unit 3b. Yes.

  The control calculation unit 3c includes a control board on which a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like are mounted, a memory, a communication module that transmits and receives various control signals, and the control board performs an operation process according to a predetermined program. Implement various functions.

  If demonstrating it concretely, the control calculating part 3c will irradiate the laser beam L by a fixed space | interval by controlling the irradiation part 3a (laser beam irradiation function). Furthermore, the time difference from the irradiation of the laser beam L each time to the arrival of the reflected light R is calculated, and as a result, the distance from the laser rangefinder 3 to the spray surface 6 is calculated each time (calculation function). Moreover, the control calculation part 3c transmits the data as a calculation result to the monitoring apparatus 4 (transmission function). The timing of irradiating the laser beam L at a constant interval is preferably several seconds in order to improve the monitoring accuracy, but may be several minutes.

  In the present embodiment, the distance from the laser distance meter 3 to the spray surface 6 will be described as an example of the relative positional relationship from the laser distance meter 3 to the spray surface 6. The relative positional relationship to the spray surface 6 is intended to be a relative positional relationship between the laser rangefinder 3 and the irradiation target position T, and is generated not only by the mutual distance but also by shaking, displacement, vibration, rotation, and the like. This concept includes displacement. As in the present embodiment, when the relative positional relationship is based on distance, it is preferable because the load in the arithmetic processing and the like is small.

  Based on the data transmitted from the laser distance meter 3, the monitoring device 4 outputs a change in distance with time, that is, an amount of extrusion of the spray surface 6. The monitoring device 4 is, for example, a PC or a monitor on which predetermined software is installed. The monitoring device 4 monitors the displacement rate of the extrusion amount. If the displacement rate of the extrusion amount exceeds a predetermined value and the tendency becomes large enough to suggest the possibility of collapse, for example, an alarm such as sound or light (Alarm information) is issued (output) to call attention. In addition, the predetermined value used as the reference | standard of evaluation for collapse prediction changes with properties of a natural ground. However, it is also possible to define a strict standard value on the safety side and share it.

  Next, a specific method for predicting collapse will be described in more detail. In the laser distance meter 3, the displacement in the normal direction with respect to the spray surface 6 is mainly measured, and the reciprocal of the displacement speed is continuously supplied to the monitoring device 4 in real time. The monitoring device 4 monitors the reciprocal of the displacement speed supplied from the laser rangefinder 3, calculates the time when the value becomes zero “0” as the predicted collapse time, and displays the predicted collapse time on the monitor in real time. . The predicted collapse time displayed on the monitor is an example of alarm information.

  Furthermore, the monitoring device 4 stores data (for example, 30 minutes) serving as a management reference time. When the predicted collapse time is 30 minutes, that is, when the management reference time is less than the management reference time, sound or light is stored. The warning (warning information) is output to urge evacuation. In the present embodiment, since the monitoring device 4 predicts collapse, accidents due to sudden rock collapse can be prevented in advance.

  A primary spray concrete Ca is applied to the face surface 5 according to the present embodiment to form a spray surface 6. Although the spraying surface 6 is less than the bare ground, there are considerable irregularities. That is, when the spray surface 6 is irradiated with the laser light L, the reflected light R diffuses, and the intensity of the reflected light R that can be captured by the laser distance meter 3 becomes low. As a result, if the distance from the laser rangefinder 3 to the spray surface 6 becomes too long, a measurement error may occur or the accuracy may be reduced.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the retroreflective coating P is attached to the irradiation target position T of the spray surface 6. Retroreflective coating P is a blend of water, mica, mica, glitter pigment, adhesive resin, etc. in addition to spherical glass beads having a reflective refractive index of 1.5 or more and 2.0 or less. Is a paint that causes a phenomenon of returning to the incident direction (retroreflection) regardless of the incident angle of the incident light.

  In addition, a retroreflective coating P is used which has a high refractive index of 2.2 or higher and contains spherical glass beads, has water resistance, and can be retroreflected even in spring water. You can also According to this kind of retroreflective coating P, since it has a good retroreflective function and water resistance, even if the irradiation target position T gets wet with spring water, it is possible to accurately monitor the amount of extrusion of the spray surface 6. This is preferable.

By attaching the above-mentioned retroreflective coating P to the spray surface 6, the intensity of the reflected light R captured by the light receiving unit 3b of the laser rangefinder 3 can be increased, measurement errors can be reduced, and accuracy can be increased. Is possible. In particular, by setting the content of beads contained in the retroreflective coating P to 50 to 75% (Weight%), a reflective target having a luminance range of 10 to 50 cd / lx / m ² that is considered appropriate for measurement is obtained. Can do.

  In particular, in this embodiment, the irradiation target position T is the spraying surface 6, and the viscosity of the retroreflective coating P is very important. Specifically, it is preferable that the retroreflective coating P be dispersed as evenly as possible with a reduced viscosity. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too low, it becomes difficult to adhere properly due to liquid dripping. End up. Here, the spray surface 6 has unevenness, and there is a situation in which it is difficult for the liquid to spill. Therefore, if it is 500 cps or more and 3000 cps or less, appropriate adhesion is possible and effective, and 600 cps to 2500 cps is effective. Preferably, 1000 cps to 2000 cps is more preferable.

  In addition, in the case of sprayed concrete that is generally used, by using the retroreflective coating P having the above-mentioned viscosity, it becomes possible to appropriately attach, but in particular, the maximum aggregate size of the shotcrete is 20 mm or less. When the water cement ratio is 65% or less, it is advantageous that the spray surface 6 having good compatibility with the retroreflective coating P having the predetermined viscosity can be formed.

  A spray surface monitoring system 10 (see FIG. 2) according to this embodiment includes the laser distance meter 3, the monitoring device 4, and the retroreflective coating P.

  Next, the spray surface monitoring method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 while explaining the process of excavating natural ground to form the tunnel 1.

  3 and 4 show a process in the middle of forming the tunnel 1. A steel support 11 is already installed in the mine A of the tunnel 1, and the secondary sprayed concrete Cb is sprayed on the pit wall 1a. In addition, the tunnel 1 is provided with a blower pipe 12 from the pit M toward the mine A, and wind is appropriately fed into the mine A.

  Drilling for installing gunpowder B is performed on the working face 5 which is the innermost part of the tunnel 1. Explosive B is installed in the hole formed by the drilling hole, blasting is performed, and the excavation process is executed (see FIG. 3A). Next, a slipping process for removing the earth rock D generated by the excavation process is performed (see FIG. 3B). The excavation process and the slipping process are face face advance processes.

  In the present embodiment, blast excavation is exemplified as the excavation process, but mechanical excavation that excavates using a breaker, a load header, or the like may be used. In some cases, the face face 5 formed by mechanical excavation needs higher monitoring of the amount of extrusion than the face face 5 formed by blast excavation.

  Next, a primary support process is performed in which the primary spray concrete Ca is sprayed onto the new face 5 formed by the face face advance process and the surrounding pit wall 1a to form the spray face 6 (FIG. 3 ( c)).

  After spraying the primary sprayed concrete Ca to form the sprayed surface 6, the paint adhesion process is executed (see FIGS. 4A and 5). A paint roller 13 will be described as an example of a paint applicator used in the paint adhering step according to the present embodiment. The paint roller 13 includes a roller portion (application portion) 13a having a cylindrical sponge that temporarily holds the retroreflective coating P, and a handle portion 13b that rotatably supports the roller portion 13a. . When using the paint roller 13, the handle portion 13b is operated to immerse the roller portion 13a in a container containing the retroreflective coating P, and the roller portion 13a is brought into contact with the irradiation target position T on the spray surface 6 and rolled. Then, retroreflective coating P is applied.

  It is possible for the worker H to approach the spraying surface 6 and apply the retroreflective coating P using a brush or the like, but considering the possibility of the spraying surface 6 collapsing, the paint adhering to the paint roller 13 or the like It is desirable for the worker H to work from a position as far away from the spraying surface 6 as possible. Here, according to the paint roller 13, by operating the position of the roller portion 13a with the handle portion 13b, the retroreflective coating P can be surely adhered to the target position, so that the viewpoint of safety and workability is achieved. Is desirable. For example, by using the paint roller 13, it is possible to work from a position about 3 m away from the spray surface 6.

  In particular, in this embodiment, the worker H stands in the mine area SA where the steel support 11 is already installed, and uses the paint roller 13 to attach the retroreflective coating P to the irradiation target position T. I have to. The mine area SA where the steel support 11 is installed is separated from the spraying surface 6, which is advantageous in ensuring safety. The paint roller 13 is used to reach the irradiation target position T from the mine area SA. By attaching the retroreflective coating P, the work can be performed safely.

  Further, in the paint adhering step, the amount of air blown to the mine A through the blow pipe 12 may be increased. By increasing the air flow rate, the retroreflective coating P attached to the irradiation target position T can be dried faster than in the case where the air flow rate is constant.

  In the above description, the paint roller 13 is exemplified as the paint adhering tool. However, instead of the paint roller 13, a paint adhering tool in which the brush portion (application portion) is supported by the handle portion can be used.

  Moreover, although the case where the primary spray concrete Ca is sprayed to form the spray surface 6 and the retroreflective coating P is attached to the spray surface 6 is illustrated above, the primary spray concrete Ca is sprayed to form the spray surface 6. When the process is not performed, the retroreflective coating P can be directly adhered to the spray surface 6 in the coating adhesion process.

  When the paint adhesion process is completed, the laser distance meter 3 irradiates the irradiation target position T with the laser light L, captures the reflected light R reflected at the irradiation target position T, and measures the distance to the irradiation target position T. To start. Thereafter, the measurement process is continued while the subsequent process is being performed, for example, until the excavation process of the face face advance process is continued, and the amount of extrusion of the spray surface 6 is measured.

  When the paint adhesion process is completed and the measurement process is started, the steel support 11 is built alongside the face 5 (spraying face 6) of the steel support 11 already installed in the tunnel A of the tunnel 1. (See FIG. 4B). Furthermore, the secondary supporting process of spraying the secondary spray concrete Cb on the pit wall 1a and driving the lock bolt is executed.

  The face face progression process, primary support process, and secondary support process described above are repeatedly executed to advance the face face 5, and after the primary support process, the paint adhesion process is executed, and the measurement process is continued. The amount of extrusion of the spray surface 6 is monitored by carrying out.

  The excavation pattern has several modes. For example, in the case of full-section excavation, the lower half construction is performed after the upper half construction. Upper half excavation, upper half excavation, upper half primary spray (primary spray concrete construction), upper half steel support construction, upper half secondary spray (secondary spray concrete construction), upper half lock Make bolts. In the lower half construction, lower half excavation, lower half primary spraying (primary spraying concrete construction), lower half steel support construction, lower half secondary spraying (secondary spraying concrete construction), lower half Place half-lock bolts. And a measurement process can be implemented, implementing a paint adhesion process after the upper half primary spraying in upper half construction.

  In addition, when an auxiliary method such as the AGF method is used, since the progress of the face is stopped, the measurement process can be repeatedly executed during this time to monitor the amount of extrusion. Further, since the progress of the face surface is stopped similarly during a long holiday or weekend, the measurement process can be repeatedly executed during that time, and the amount of extrusion can be monitored.

  According to the spraying surface monitoring method according to the present embodiment, the retroreflective coating P adheres regardless of the unevenness of the spraying surface 6 and does not peel off, so that it is easy to stably obtain a predetermined amount of reflected light R, The extrusion amount of the spray surface 6 can be monitored with high accuracy. Further, since the retroreflective coating P and the spraying surface 6 are in close contact with each other, there is no gap between them, and the amount of extrusion of the spraying surface 6 can be measured directly, which is advantageous in improving monitoring accuracy. Further, the attachment of the retroreflective coating P is simpler than, for example, the installation of a reflector or the like. In particular, the irradiation of the retroreflective coating P from the position where the worker H or the like is away from the spray surface 6 is the target position T. Since it can be made to adhere to, it is advantageous also on safety.

When the spray surface 6 is measured without using the retroreflective coating P, for example, the limit of about 40 m is a predetermined quality (brightness of 10 to 50 cd / lx / m ²⁾ according to this embodiment. ) Can be installed, and as a result, it is possible to measure up to about 210 m. Further, since the reflective target is formed of the retroreflective coating P, there is no gap between the reflective target and the spraying surface 6, and therefore the displacement of the spraying surface 6 can be directly measured. Furthermore, since the retroreflective coating P is firmly adhered to the spraying surface 6 with a predetermined viscosity, the retroreflective coating P is not affected by the influence of wind from the blower pipe 12 or the vibration of heavy machinery. In addition, by adjusting the brightness | luminance of the retroreflection coating material P suitably, the light quantity excess can be easily prevented, for example, at a short distance of less than 10 m.

  The spray surface monitoring system 10 according to the present embodiment calculates the push amount of the spray surface 6 based on the distance (relative positional relationship) measured by the laser distance meter 3, and based on the calculation result of the push amount. A monitoring device 4 for outputting alarm information is provided. In the spray surface monitoring system 10, alarm information can be appropriately output based on the calculation result of the extrusion amount monitored by the monitoring device 4.

  Further, the monitoring device 4 determines the predicted collapse time based on the calculation result of the extrusion amount, and outputs alarm information when the predicted collapse time is equal to or shorter than the management reference time. That is, since it is possible to calculate the predicted collapse time and output the alarm information in advance, the safety can be further improved.

  Next, a spray surface monitoring method according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the spray surface monitoring method according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the paint adhesion process, and therefore will be described with a focus on the differences, and the elements and processes common to the first embodiment will be described. Omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the paint adhering step is executed by a method called gun blowing or water gun type. Specifically, the paint spraying device 15 that sprays the retroreflective paint P is used as the paint adhering tool. By using the paint spraying device 15, the retroreflective paint P can be easily attached to a wide range centering on the irradiation target position T. Further, the worker H is separated from the spray surface 6 and stands in the mine area SA where the steel support 11 is already installed, and the retroreflective coating P is attached to the irradiation target position T. That is, the mine area SA is advantageous in ensuring safety, and the retroreflective coating P is adhered to the irradiation target position T from the mine area SA using the paint injection device 15 to perform the work safely. Can do.

  Various types of paint spraying device 15 can be used, such as a water gun type paint spraying device or a back tank type paint level spraying device. In the water gun type paint level injection device, for example, the worker H pressurizes manually, the tip injection portion is directed to the irradiation target position T, and a trigger is pulled to continuously attach the retroreflective coating P. Can do. Further, an attachment capable of changing the firing mode may be provided at the tip injection unit, and the diffusion range of the retroreflective coating material P may be changed by the operation of the attachment. Also, as the back tank type, for example, a back tank that contains the retroreflective paint P, a hand-held nozzle, a hose that communicates from the back tank to the nozzle, a lever that opens and closes the nozzle, a retroreflective paint in the back tank A paint spraying device 15 equipped with a pump or the like that pumps P to the nozzle can be used.

  By using the paint spraying device 15, it is possible to work from a position away from the spraying surface 6 as compared with the paint roller 13 according to the first embodiment. For example, the work can be performed from a position away from 5 m or more.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited by an Example.

[Example 1]
In the spray surface monitoring method according to the first embodiment, the paint adhesion process is performed using a retroreflective paint having a luminance of 10 (cd / lx / m ² ) when adhered to the spray surface, and the measurement process is performed. did. In this case, although it was possible to measure well at a short distance of 10 m or more and less than 30 m, it became unstable when exceeding 30 m, and measurement was impossible at a long distance of 200 m.

[Example 2]
In the spraying surface monitoring method according to Example 2, the coating step is performed using a retroreflective coating having a luminance of 20 (cd / lx / m ² ) when attached to the spraying surface, and the measurement step is performed. did. In this case, it was possible to measure well at both a short distance of 10 m or more, less than 30 m, and a long distance of 200 m.

[Example 3]
In the spraying surface monitoring method according to Example 3, the coating adhesion process is performed using a retroreflective coating having a luminance of 30 (cd / lx / m ² ) when adhered to the spraying surface, and the measurement process is performed. did. In this case, it was possible to measure well at both a short distance of 10 m or more, less than 30 m, and a long distance of 200 m.

[Example 4]
In the spraying surface monitoring method according to Example 4, the paint adhesion step is performed using a retroreflective coating having a luminance of 40 to 50 (cd / lx / m ² ) when adhered to the spraying surface, and the measurement step Carried out. In this case, at a short distance of 10 m or more and less than 30 m, the intensity of reflected light was too strong to acquire data. On the other hand, it was possible to measure well at a long distance of 200 m.

[Overview of Examples 1 to 4]
From the above, when the retroreflective paint luminance when adhering to the spray surface is 10 to 50 (cd / lx / m ² ), it can be appropriately measured according to the distance, and in particular, the luminance is 20 to 30 (cd / In (lx / m ² ), it was confirmed that it was possible to measure well both at a short distance and a long distance.

[Example 5]
In the sprayed surface monitoring method according to Example 5, the coating adhesion process was performed using a retroreflective coating having a viscosity of 650 cps, and the measurement process was performed. In this case, when the paint adhering step is performed using a paint roller, it is washed away after application, and it is difficult to properly attach the retroreflective paint. On the other hand, when a paint spraying device was used, it could be diffused and thinned, but it could be measured.

[Example 6]
In the spray surface monitoring method according to Example 6, the coating step was performed using a retroreflective coating having a viscosity of 1000 cps, and the measurement step was performed. In this case, both the case where the paint adhesion process is performed using the paint roller and the case where the paint adhesion process is performed using the paint spraying apparatus can properly attach the retroreflective paint, I was able to measure.

[Example 7]
In the sprayed surface monitoring method according to Example 7, the coating adhesion process was performed using a retroreflective coating having a viscosity of 2000 cps, and the measurement process was performed. In this case, when the paint adhesion process was carried out using a paint roller, the retroreflective paint could be properly adhered and measured well. On the other hand, when an attempt was made to perform the paint adhesion process using a paint spraying device, the paint did not diffuse after landing, making it difficult to properly attach the retroreflective paint.

[Example 8]
In the spray surface monitoring method according to the eighth embodiment, when the paint adhesion process is performed using a retroreflective coating having a viscosity of 10,000 cps, the paint adhesion process is performed using a paint roller or a paint spraying device. That was difficult.

[Summary of Examples 5 to 8]
When the viscosity of the retroreflective coating is 500 to 3000 (cps), it may be possible to appropriately attach the retroreflective coating, including when applied with a brush or the like, but if it is 600 cps to 2500 cps, It is possible to carry out the paint adhesion process using a paint applicator such as a paint roller or paint spraying device, and if it is between 1000 cps and 2000 cps, it is possible to use either paint roller or paint spraying device. Is possible and good.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on each embodiment and each Example, this invention is not limited only to these embodiment and an Example. For example, in said embodiment, the aspect which attaches a retroreflection coating to the spraying surface which sprayed the spray concrete on the face of the tunnel was illustrated. However, this spraying surface is not limited to the face of the tunnel, but may be a ground surface or excavation surface for ground construction, or a spray surface where spray concrete is sprayed on the embankment surface. A spray surface monitoring method may be used in which a paint adhesion process for attaching a reflective paint is performed, and a measurement process using a laser distance meter is performed to monitor the amount of extrusion of the spray surface.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tunnel, 3 ... Laser distance meter (measuring instrument), 5 ... Face face, 6 ... Spraying surface, 10 ... Spraying surface monitoring system, 11 ... Steel support, 12 ... Air blower, 13 ... Paint roller (paint adhesion) Tool), 13a ... roller part, 13b ... handle part, 15 ... paint spraying device (paint attachment tool), A ... underground, Ca ... primary sprayed concrete, D ... earth rock, R ... reflected light, L ... laser light, M ... wellhead, T ... irradiation target position, P ... retroreflective coating, SA ... tunnel area.

Claims (6)

A spraying surface formed by spraying shotcrete using a measuring instrument that irradiates the irradiation target position with laser light, captures reflected light from the irradiation target position, and measures the relative positional relationship to the irradiation target position. Measuring the relative positional relationship until, and based on the measured relative positional relationship is a spraying surface monitoring method for monitoring the displacement amount of the spraying surface,
A paint adhesion step of attaching a retroreflective coating to an irradiation target position irradiated with the laser light on the spray surface;
Wherein irradiating the laser beam on the irradiation target position from the instrument, and a measurement step of measuring a relative positional relationship between the irradiation target position by capturing the reflected light reflected by the irradiated target position,
The spray surface is provided in a tunnel mine,
In the tunnel mine, there is a blower pipe for sending air,
In the paint adhering step, the blowing surface monitoring method is characterized in that the amount of air sent from the blower pipe into the tunnel tunnel is increased .   The spray surface monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the retroreflective coating has a viscosity of 500 cps or more and 3000 cps or less.   The spray surface monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a maximum aggregate size of the sprayed concrete is 20 mm or less and a water cement ratio is 65% or less. While digging the face in the tunnel pit, removing the earth and rocks generated by the excavation, the face face advancing step to advance the face face,
A primary support step of forming the sprayed surface by spraying primary sprayed concrete on the face surface;
After the primary support step, a steel support is installed in the tunnel pit, and a secondary support step of spraying secondary spray concrete on the pit wall, and
Repeatedly performing the face face advancement process, the primary support process, and the secondary support process, and performing the paint adhesion process after the primary support process,
In the paint adhering step, the retroreflective paint is attached to the irradiation target position using a paint adhering tool from a mine area where the steel support is already installed, while being separated from the spray surface. The spraying surface monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. In the paint adhesion step, apart from the spray surface, the retroreflective paint is adhered to the irradiation target position using a paint adhesion tool,
The spray surface monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the paint adhering tool is a paint spraying device that sprays the retroreflective paint. In the paint adhesion step, apart from the spray surface, the retroreflective paint is adhered to the irradiation target position using a paint adhesion tool,
The spray surface monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the paint adhering tool includes an application part for attaching the retroreflective paint and a handle part for supporting the application part. .

Images