JP6151500B2 - Formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment method and formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment equipment - Google Patents

Formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment method and formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment equipment Download PDF

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JP6151500B2
JP6151500B2 JP2012207776A JP2012207776A JP6151500B2 JP 6151500 B2 JP6151500 B2 JP 6151500B2 JP 2012207776 A JP2012207776 A JP 2012207776A JP 2012207776 A JP2012207776 A JP 2012207776A JP 6151500 B2 JP6151500 B2 JP 6151500B2
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圭一郎 福水
圭一郎 福水
佳介 瀧口
佳介 瀧口
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

本発明は、飲料製造工場、食品製造工場等から排出されるホルムアルデヒドを含有するホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法およびホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater containing formaldehyde discharged from beverage production plants, food production plants, and the like, and a treatment apparatus for formaldehyde-containing wastewater.

飲料製造工場等では、缶コーヒー等の缶製品を製造する際に蒸気等による殺菌を行っている。殺菌後の製品は高温になるため、水道水や井戸水等による冷却および洗浄を行っているが、この際に生じる排水(以下、缶洗浄排水)中には、印字塗料等に由来するホルムアルデヒドが含まれることがある。   In beverage manufacturing factories and the like, sterilization with steam or the like is performed when producing can products such as canned coffee. Since the product after sterilization becomes hot, it is cooled and washed with tap water, well water, etc., but the wastewater generated at this time (hereinafter referred to as can washing wastewater) contains formaldehyde derived from printing paint, etc. May be.

従来のアルデヒドの処理方法としては、特許文献1に代表される生物を用いた処理方法と、特許文献2に代表されるヒドロキシラジカル等による有機物酸化を利用した処理方法とが挙げられる。   Examples of conventional aldehyde treatment methods include treatment methods using organisms represented by Patent Document 1 and treatment methods utilizing organic matter oxidation by hydroxy radicals and the like represented by Patent Document 2.

近年、飲料業界等では、水原単位の低減等を目的とした水回収への取り組みが盛んである。特に、缶洗浄排水は工場全体の排水量に占める割合が多いため、水原単位を下げるためには水回収を行うことが必須となる。しかし、缶洗浄排水を回収するシステムは確立しておらず、その要因は缶洗浄排水の水質にあると考えられる。缶洗浄排水の水質は、通常、水道水水質にホルムアルデヒドが数mg/L程度含まれた低濃度のものである。この低濃度の缶洗浄排水を効率よく回収するには、ホルムアルデヒドを高効率で処理することが求められる。   In recent years, in the beverage industry and the like, efforts have been actively made to collect water for the purpose of reducing the unit of water. In particular, since can washing wastewater accounts for a large percentage of the total amount of wastewater in the factory, it is indispensable to collect water in order to reduce the water intensity. However, a system for collecting can washing wastewater has not been established, and the cause is considered to be the water quality of can washing wastewater. The water quality of can washing wastewater is usually of a low concentration containing about several mg / L of formaldehyde in the quality of tap water. In order to efficiently recover this low concentration can washing wastewater, it is required to treat formaldehyde with high efficiency.

特許文献1のように生物を用いてホルムアルデヒドを処理しようとする場合、活性汚泥法では、広い設置面積が必要となることが問題であった。また、活性汚泥法は生物を保持するための有機物負荷が必要であり、ホルムアルデヒド濃度が低い缶洗浄排水等の処理には、活性汚泥法は適さないと判断される。   When trying to treat formaldehyde using a living organism as in Patent Document 1, the activated sludge method has a problem that a large installation area is required. In addition, the activated sludge method requires an organic load to retain living organisms, and it is judged that the activated sludge method is not suitable for treatment of canned wastewater or the like having a low formaldehyde concentration.

ホルムアルデヒド濃度が低い缶洗浄排水等についてオゾンや紫外線等を用いた酸化処理を行おうとする場合、生物処理に比べて処理速度は速いが、ラジカルスカベンジャ等の影響により処理効率が低下してしまう等の問題点があった。また、オゾン処理を行う場合、排水中に共存する物質の種類によっては、トリハロメタン等の副生成物を生じる場合がある。   When oxidation treatment using ozone or ultraviolet rays is performed on canned wastewater with low formaldehyde concentration, the treatment speed is faster than biological treatment, but the treatment efficiency decreases due to the effects of radical scavengers, etc. There was a problem. In addition, when ozone treatment is performed, by-products such as trihalomethane may be generated depending on the types of substances that coexist in the waste water.

特開平11−019685号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-019685 特開2010−247009号公報JP 2010-247909 A

本発明の目的は、低濃度のホルムアルデヒド含有排水であっても効率よく処理することが可能なホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法およびホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater and an apparatus for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater that can be efficiently treated even with low-concentration formaldehyde-containing wastewater.

本発明は、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法であって、担体に生物を担持させ、前記担体を固定床として用いて、生物代謝により処理を行う生物ろ過によりホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物処理する生物ろ過工程と、前記生物ろ過工程により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水をろ過するろ過工程と、を含み、前記ホルムアルデヒド含有排水のホルムアルデヒド濃度が、0.08〜10mg/Lの範囲である、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法である。 The present invention relates to a method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, comprising a biological filtration step of biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater by biological filtration in which a biological substance is carried on a carrier and the carrier is used as a fixed bed, and the treatment is performed by biological metabolism. A filtration step of filtering biological filtration treated water biologically treated by the biological filtration step, wherein the formaldehyde concentration of the formaldehyde-containing wastewater is in the range of 0.08 to 10 mg / L. It is.

また、前記ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法において、前記担体が、活性炭であることが好ましい。 In the method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, the carrier is preferably activated carbon .

また、本発明は、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法であって、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過装置により生物処理する生物ろ過工程と、前記生物ろ過工程により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水をろ過するろ過工程と、前記ろ過工程において用いるろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、前記生物ろ過装置を逆洗する逆洗工程と、を含む、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法である。 The present invention is also a method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, a biological filtration step for biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater with a biological filtration device, and a filtration step for filtering biological filtration treated water that has been biologically treated by the biological filtration step. , Backwashing the filtration membrane used in the filtration step, and using at least part of the backwash wastewater generated by the backwashing, backwashing the biological filtration device , It is a processing method.

また、本発明は、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法であって、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過装置により生物処理する生物ろ過工程と、前記生物ろ過工程により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水をろ過するろ過工程と、前記ろ過工程において用いるろ過膜のみを逆洗するろ過膜逆洗工程と、前記ろ過工程において用いるろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、前記生物ろ過装置を逆洗する逆洗工程と、を含む、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法である。 The present invention is also a method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, a biological filtration step for biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater with a biological filtration device, and a filtration step for filtering biological filtration treated water that has been biologically treated by the biological filtration step. The filtration membrane backwashing step for backwashing only the filtration membrane used in the filtration step, and the backwashing of the filtration membrane used in the filtration step, using at least a part of the backwash wastewater generated by the backwashing, And a backwashing step of backwashing the biological filtration device .

また、前記ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法において、前記ろ過膜逆洗工程において用いる逆洗水に殺菌剤の添加を行うことが好ましい。   In the method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, it is preferable to add a bactericide to the backwash water used in the filtration membrane backwash process.

また、本発明は、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であって、担体に生物を担持させ、前記担体を固定床として用いて、生物代謝により処理を行う生物ろ過によりホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物処理する生物ろ過装置と、前記生物ろ過装置により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水を通水してろ過するろ過装置と、を備え、前記ホルムアルデヒド含有排水のホルムアルデヒド濃度が、0.08〜10mg/Lの範囲である、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置である。 Further, the present invention is a treatment apparatus for formaldehyde-containing wastewater, wherein biological support is carried out on biological support by biological filtration in which a biological substance is carried on a carrier and the carrier is used as a fixed bed, and treatment is performed by biological metabolism. An apparatus and a filtration apparatus that filters and filters the biological filtration treated water biologically treated by the biological filtration apparatus, and the formaldehyde concentration of the formaldehyde-containing wastewater is in the range of 0.08 to 10 mg / L. It is a treatment device for formaldehyde-containing wastewater.

また、前記ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置において、前記担体が、活性炭であることが好ましい。 In the apparatus for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, the carrier is preferably activated carbon .

また、本発明は、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であって、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過により生物処理する生物ろ過装置と、前記生物ろ過装置により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水を通水してろ過するろ過装置と、前記ろ過装置において用いられるろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、前記生物ろ過装置を逆洗する逆洗手段と、を備える、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であるMoreover, this invention is a processing apparatus of formaldehyde containing waste_water | drain, Comprising: The biological filtration apparatus which biologically processes formaldehyde containing waste_water | drain by biological filtration, and the biological filtration processing water which was biologically processed by the said biological filtration apparatus flow and filter backwashing the filtration device, the filtration membranes used in the filtration apparatus, using at least a portion of the backwash effluent generated by the backwashing, and a backwashing means for backwashing the biological filtration device, It is a treatment device for formaldehyde-containing wastewater .

また、本発明は、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であって、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過により生物処理する生物ろ過装置と、前記生物ろ過装置により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水を通水してろ過するろ過装置と、前記ろ過装置において用いられるろ過膜のみを逆洗するろ過膜逆洗手段と、前記ろ過装置において用いられるろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、前記生物ろ過装置を逆洗する逆洗手段と、を備える、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であるMoreover, this invention is a processing apparatus of formaldehyde containing waste_water | drain, Comprising: The biological filtration apparatus which biologically processes formaldehyde containing waste_water | drain by biological filtration, and the biological filtration processing water which was biologically processed by the said biological filtration apparatus flow and filter At least part of the backwash waste water generated by backwashing the filtration device, the filtration membrane backwashing means for backwashing only the filtration membrane used in the filtration device, and the filtration membrane used in the filtration device using, and a backwashing means for backwashing the biological filtration apparatus is a processing apparatus formaldehyde-containing waste water.

また、前記ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置において、前記ろ過装置において用いられるろ過膜のみの逆洗において用いられる逆洗水に殺菌剤の添加を行う殺菌剤添加手段を備えることが好ましい。   Moreover, it is preferable that the processing apparatus for the formaldehyde-containing wastewater includes a disinfectant addition means for adding a disinfectant to backwash water used in backwashing only the filtration membrane used in the filtration apparatus.

本発明では、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過により生物処理し、生物処理した生物ろ過水をろ過することにより、低濃度のホルムアルデヒド含有排水であっても効率よく処理することが可能となる。   In the present invention, formaldehyde-containing wastewater is biologically treated by biological filtration, and biologically treated biological filtered water is filtered, so that it is possible to treat even low-formaldehyde-containing wastewater efficiently.

本発明の実施形態に係るホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置の一例を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the processing apparatus of the formaldehyde containing waste_water | drain which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 実施例における運転日数と膜ろ過処理水のホルムアルデヒド濃度との関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the operation days in an Example, and the formaldehyde density | concentration of membrane filtration treated water.

本発明の実施の形態について以下説明する。本実施形態は本発明を実施する一例であって、本発明は本実施形態に限定されるものではない。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. This embodiment is an example for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

本発明者らは、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水、特に従来効率よく処理することが困難であったホルムアルデヒドが1mg/L以下程度含まれた低濃度のホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理について検討したところ、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過により生物処理し、生物処理した生物ろ過水をろ過することにより、低濃度のホルムアルデヒド含有排水であっても効率よく処理することが可能となることを見出した。   The present inventors have examined the treatment of formaldehyde-containing wastewater, particularly low-concentration formaldehyde-containing wastewater containing about 1 mg / L or less of formaldehyde that has been difficult to treat efficiently. The present inventors have found that biological treatment by filtration and biological treatment water that has been biologically treated can efficiently treat even low-concentration formaldehyde-containing wastewater.

本発明の実施形態に係るホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置の一例の概略を図1に示し、その構成について説明する。ホルムアルデヒド含有排水処理装置1は、原水槽10と、生物ろ過により生物処理する生物ろ過装置12と、生物ろ過処理水槽14と、ろ過装置16と、ろ過処理水槽18とを備える。   The outline of an example of the processing apparatus of the formaldehyde containing waste_water | drain based on embodiment of this invention is shown in FIG. 1, and the structure is demonstrated. The formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 1 includes a raw water tank 10, a biological filtration apparatus 12 that performs biological treatment by biological filtration, a biological filtration treatment water tank 14, a filtration apparatus 16, and a filtration treatment water tank 18.

図1のホルムアルデヒド含有排水処理装置1において、原水槽10の出口と生物ろ過装置12の入口とがポンプ20を介して原水配管26により接続され、生物ろ過装置12の出口と生物ろ過処理水槽14の入口とが生物ろ過処理水配管28により接続され、生物ろ過処理水槽14の出口とろ過装置16の入口とがポンプ22を介して生物ろ過処理水配管30により接続され、ろ過装置16の出口にろ過処理水配管32が接続され、ろ過処理水配管32の途中からろ過処理水配管34が分岐して、ろ過処理水槽18の入口に接続されている。   In the formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 1 of FIG. 1, the outlet of the raw water tank 10 and the inlet of the biological filtration apparatus 12 are connected by a raw water pipe 26 via a pump 20, and the outlet of the biological filtration apparatus 12 and the biological filtration treatment water tank 14 are connected. The inlet is connected by a biological filtration treated water pipe 28, the outlet of the biological filtration treated water tank 14 and the inlet of the filtration device 16 are connected by a biological filtration treated water pipe 30 via a pump 22, and filtration is performed at the outlet of the filtration device 16. A treated water pipe 32 is connected, and a filtered water pipe 34 is branched from the middle of the filtered water pipe 32 and connected to the inlet of the filtered water tank 18.

また、ろ過処理水槽18の出口とろ過装置16とがポンプ24を介して逆洗水配管36により接続され、ろ過装置16と生物ろ過処理水配管28の途中とが生物ろ過逆洗水配管38により接続され、生物ろ過処理水配管30の途中には逆洗排水配管40が、原水配管26の途中には生物ろ過逆洗排水配管42が接続されている。   Further, the outlet of the filtered water tank 18 and the filtration device 16 are connected by a backwash water pipe 36 via a pump 24, and the filtration device 16 and the biological filtration water pipe 28 are connected by a biological filtration backwash water pipe 38. A backwash drainage pipe 40 is connected in the middle of the biological filtration treated water pipe 30, and a biological filtration backwash drainage pipe 42 is connected in the middle of the raw water pipe 26.

本実施形態に係るホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法およびホルムアルデヒド含有排水処理装置1の動作について説明する。   The operation of the formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment method and the formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 1 according to this embodiment will be described.

原水槽10に貯留されたホルムアルデヒド含有排水は、ポンプ20により原水配管26を通して生物ろ過装置12に送液され、下向流で通液される。生物ろ過装置12において、生物を担持させた担体を用いた生物代謝により生物処理が行われる(生物ろ過工程)。
生物ろ過装置12において生物処理された生物ろ過処理水は、生物ろ過処理水配管28を通して生物ろ過処理水槽14に送液されて一旦貯留される。生物ろ過処理水槽14に貯留された生物ろ過処理水は、ポンプ22により生物ろ過処理水配管30を通してろ過装置16に送液され、ろ過装置16においてろ過される(ろ過工程)。ろ過装置16においてろ過されたろ過処理水は、ろ過処理水配管32を通して排出される。
The formaldehyde-containing wastewater stored in the raw water tank 10 is sent to the biological filtration device 12 through the raw water pipe 26 by the pump 20 and is passed in a downward flow. In the biological filtration device 12, biological treatment is performed by biological metabolism using a carrier on which a biological organism is supported (biological filtration step).
The biological filtration treated water biologically treated in the biological filtration device 12 is sent to the biological filtration treated water tank 14 through the biological filtration treated water pipe 28 and temporarily stored. The biological filtration treated water stored in the biological filtration treated water tank 14 is sent to the filtration device 16 through the biological filtration treated water piping 30 by the pump 22 and filtered in the filtration device 16 (filtration step). The filtered water filtered in the filtering device 16 is discharged through the filtered water pipe 32.

このように、本実施形態では、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水中に含まれるホルムアルデヒドを、生物ろ過における生物の代謝作用により処理し、さらに、生物ろ過処理水をろ過して除濁を行う。ホルムアルデヒド含有排水中に含まれるホルムアルデヒドを、生物ろ過における生物の代謝作用により処理することで、活性汚泥法等の他の生物処理方法と比較して高速処理が可能となり、さらに、活性汚泥に必要な曝気が不要なので、ランニングコストを抑制することができる。   Thus, in this embodiment, the formaldehyde contained in the formaldehyde-containing wastewater is treated by the biological metabolic action in the biological filtration, and further, the biological filtered water is filtered to perform turbidity. By treating formaldehyde contained in formaldehyde-containing wastewater with the metabolic action of organisms in biological filtration, high-speed treatment is possible compared to other biological treatment methods such as activated sludge method, and it is necessary for activated sludge. Since aeration is unnecessary, running costs can be reduced.

本明細書において、「生物ろ過」とは、活性炭等の担体に生物を担持させ、生物代謝により処理を行うことを指す。通水方式としては、原水を下方向に通水し、担体を固定床として用いることが好ましいが、特に制限はなく、原水を上方向に通水し、担体を流動させて処理を行うことも可能である。   In this specification, “biological filtration” refers to carrying organisms on a carrier such as activated carbon and performing treatment by biological metabolism. As the water flow method, it is preferable to pass the raw water downward and use the carrier as a fixed bed, but there is no particular limitation, and the raw water may be passed upward and the treatment may be performed by flowing the carrier. Is possible.

担体としては、生物を担持させることができるものであればよく、特に制限はないが、例えば、活性炭、スポンジ状や円筒状の担体等が挙げられ、コスト等の点から活性炭が好ましい。また、原水であるホルムアルデヒド含有排水中に次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等の殺菌剤が含まれる場合には、活性炭を用いることにより、次亜塩素酸等の殺菌剤を分解する効果によって、生物の活性を維持しやすく、生物ろ過処理が安定する。   The carrier is not particularly limited as long as it can carry a living organism, and examples thereof include activated carbon, sponge-like and cylindrical carriers, and activated carbon is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and the like. In addition, when formaldehyde-containing wastewater, which is raw water, contains a bactericide such as sodium hypochlorite, by using activated carbon, the activity of the organism can be increased by the effect of decomposing the bactericide such as hypochlorous acid. Easy to maintain and stable biofiltration.

ホルムアルデヒド含有排水のホルムアルデヒド濃度が0.08〜10mg/Lの範囲である場合に、本実施形態に係るホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法が好適に適用される。ホルムアルデヒド含有排水のホルムアルデヒド濃度は、0.08〜10mg/Lの範囲であることが好ましく、0.08〜2mg/Lの範囲であることがより好ましく、0.08〜1mg/Lの範囲であることが最も好ましい。一般に、標準活性汚泥法の処理可能なBODとしては、100〜5,000mg/L程度とされている(例えば、文献:吉村二三隆著『わかりやすい水処理設計』(工業調査会)のP49参照)。したがって、ホルムアルデヒド濃度が0.08〜10mg/Lの範囲であるホルムアルデヒド含有排水の生物処理として標準活性汚泥法を用いると、BODが低いために生物の活性を維持することが困難である。本実施形態では、ホルムアルデヒド含有排水のホルムアルデヒド濃度が0.08〜10mg/Lの範囲という低濃度であっても、生物ろ過における生物の代謝作用により処理することにより、生物の活性を維持して処理を行うことが可能となる。   When the formaldehyde concentration of the formaldehyde-containing wastewater is in the range of 0.08 to 10 mg / L, the method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater according to this embodiment is suitably applied. The formaldehyde concentration of the formaldehyde-containing wastewater is preferably in the range of 0.08 to 10 mg / L, more preferably in the range of 0.08 to 2 mg / L, and in the range of 0.08 to 1 mg / L. Most preferred. In general, the BOD that can be treated by the standard activated sludge method is about 100 to 5,000 mg / L (for example, see P49 of Literature: Fumizo Yoshimura, “Easy to understand water treatment design” (Industry Research Committee)). ). Therefore, when the standard activated sludge method is used for biological treatment of formaldehyde-containing wastewater having a formaldehyde concentration in the range of 0.08 to 10 mg / L, it is difficult to maintain the biological activity due to low BOD. In this embodiment, even if the formaldehyde concentration of the formaldehyde-containing wastewater is as low as 0.08 to 10 mg / L, the treatment is performed by the biological action of the organism in biological filtration, thereby maintaining the activity of the organism. Can be performed.

ろ過装置16におけるろ過方式としては、生物ろ過処理水の除濁を行うことができるものであればよく、特に制限はないが、例えば、膜ろ過方式、砂ろ過方式等が挙げられる。膜ろ過方式におけるろ過膜としては、精密ろ過膜(MF膜)、限外ろ過膜(UF膜)等が挙げられる。これらのうち、除菌等の点から、精密ろ過膜または限外ろ過膜を用いる膜ろ過方式が好ましい。   The filtration method in the filtration device 16 is not particularly limited as long as it can remove the turbidity of biological filtration treated water, and examples thereof include a membrane filtration method and a sand filtration method. Examples of the filtration membrane in the membrane filtration method include a microfiltration membrane (MF membrane) and an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane). Among these, a membrane filtration method using a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane is preferable from the viewpoint of sterilization and the like.

精密ろ過膜(MF膜)または限外ろ過膜(UF膜)を用いる場合、精密ろ過膜または限外ろ過膜でろ過される際に膜の孔径により除濁、除菌等が可能となる。精密ろ過膜または限外ろ過膜の差圧上昇を抑制するために、生物ろ過処理水に次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等の殺菌剤を注入してろ過膜に通水してもよい。   When a microfiltration membrane (MF membrane) or an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane) is used, turbidity, sterilization, and the like are possible depending on the pore size of the membrane when filtration is performed with a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane. In order to suppress an increase in the differential pressure of the microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration membrane, a bactericide such as sodium hypochlorite may be injected into the biological filtration treated water and passed through the filtration membrane.

ろ過装置16におけるSVは、特に制限はなく、要求される処理水水質にもよるが、SV10h−1以下が好ましい。 The SV in the filtration device 16 is not particularly limited, and is preferably SV10 h −1 or less, although it depends on the required quality of the treated water.

本実施形態に係るホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法では、必要に応じて、生物ろ過装置12およびろ過装置16の逆洗を行ってもよい。   In the method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater according to this embodiment, the biological filtration device 12 and the filtration device 16 may be back-washed as necessary.

例えば、ろ過装置16においてろ過されたろ過処理水の少なくとも一部は、ろ過処理水配管32,34を通してろ過処理水槽18に貯留される。ろ過処理水槽18に貯留されたろ過処理水は、逆洗水としてポンプ24により逆洗水配管36を通してろ過装置16に送液されて、ろ過装置16において用いられるろ過膜等が逆洗され、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部は逆洗排水配管40を通して排出され、少なくとも一部は生物ろ過逆洗水として、生物ろ過逆洗水配管38を通して生物ろ過装置12に送液され、生物ろ過装置12が逆洗される(逆洗工程)。逆洗工程により発生する生物ろ過逆洗排水は、生物ろ過逆洗排水配管42を通して排出される。ろ過装置16と生物ろ過装置12を一貫逆洗することで、システムの水回収率を高めることができる。   For example, at least a part of the filtered water filtered in the filtering device 16 is stored in the filtered water tank 18 through the filtered water pipes 32 and 34. The filtered water stored in the filtered water tank 18 is sent back to the filtration device 16 through the backwash water pipe 36 by the pump 24 as backwash water, and the filtration membrane used in the filtration device 16 is backwashed. At least a part of the backwash drainage generated by the backwash is discharged through the backwash drainpipe 40, and at least a part of the backwash drainage is sent to the biofiltration device 12 through the biofilter backwash water pipe 38 as a biofilter backwash water. The biological filtration device 12 is backwashed (backwashing process). The biological filtration backwash drainage generated by the backwashing process is discharged through the biological filtration backwash drainage pipe 42. By consistently backwashing the filtration device 16 and the biological filtration device 12, the water recovery rate of the system can be increased.

逆洗工程において用いる逆洗水には、図示しない殺菌剤添加手段により、殺菌剤を添加してもよい。殺菌剤としては、例えば、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等が挙げられる。ろ過装置16と生物ろ過装置12を一貫逆洗する場合の殺菌剤の添加量は、特に制限はないが、生物ろ過装置12における生物活性を維持する観点から1mg/L以下とすることが好ましい。   A bactericidal agent may be added to the backwashing water used in the backwashing step by a bactericide adding means (not shown). Examples of the disinfectant include sodium hypochlorite. The amount of the bactericide added when the filtration device 16 and the biological filtration device 12 are backwashed is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 mg / L or less from the viewpoint of maintaining the biological activity in the biological filtration device 12.

ここで、ろ過装置16において用いられるろ過膜等のみを逆洗する工程(ろ過膜逆洗工程)と、ろ過装置16において用いられるろ過膜等を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、生物ろ過装置12を逆洗する工程(逆洗工程)とを切り替えて行ってもよい。   Here, the backwashing drainage generated by backwashing the filtration membrane used in the filtration device 16 and the backwashing of the filtration membrane used in the filtration device 16 are backwashed. The step of backwashing the biological filtration device 12 (backwashing step) may be switched using at least a part of the above.

この場合、ろ過膜等のみを逆洗するろ過膜逆洗工程において用いる逆洗水に殺菌剤の添加を行うことが好ましい。これにより、生物ろ過装置12における生物の活性を低下させずに、ろ過装置16および生物ろ過装置12を逆洗することができる。   In this case, it is preferable to add a bactericidal agent to the backwashing water used in the filtration membrane backwashing step in which only the filtration membrane or the like is backwashed. Thereby, the filtration apparatus 16 and the biological filtration apparatus 12 can be back-washed, without reducing the biological activity in the biological filtration apparatus 12.

本実施形態において処理対象となるホルムアルデヒド含有排水としては、例えば、飲料製造工場、食品製造工場等から排出されるホルムアルデヒド含有排水が挙げられる。特に、飲料製造工場等における缶製品等を製造する際に発生する缶洗浄排水中に含まれる低濃度のホルムアルデヒドを処理する場合に、好適に適用される。   Examples of the formaldehyde-containing wastewater to be treated in the present embodiment include formaldehyde-containing wastewater discharged from beverage production factories, food production factories, and the like. In particular, it is suitably applied when processing low-concentration formaldehyde contained in can washing wastewater generated when producing can products or the like in a beverage manufacturing factory or the like.

以下、実施例および比較例を挙げ、本発明をより具体的に詳細に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, although an example and a comparative example are given and the present invention is explained more concretely in detail, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

<実施例1>
図1に示すホルムアルデヒド含有排水処理装置1のホルムアルデヒドの処理性能を確認するため実験を行った。実験条件を表1に示す。連続通水には、ホルムアルデヒドで1ヶ月程度馴養した活性炭に担持した生物ろ材を用いた。ろ過膜は限外ろ過膜(UF膜)を用いた。逆洗は、ろ過装置において用いられる限外ろ過膜のみを逆洗する工程と、限外ろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、生物ろ過装置を逆洗する工程とを切り替えて行い、限外ろ過膜の逆洗において用いる逆洗水に殺菌剤として次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを3mg/L添加した。
<Example 1>
An experiment was conducted to confirm the formaldehyde treatment performance of the formaldehyde-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 1 shown in FIG. Table 1 shows the experimental conditions. For continuous water flow, a biological filter medium supported on activated carbon conditioned for about one month with formaldehyde was used. An ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane) was used as the filtration membrane. Backwashing is a process of backwashing only the ultrafiltration membrane used in the filtration device, and backwashing the ultrafiltration membrane, and using at least part of the backwash drainage generated by the backwashing, the biological filtration device The step of backwashing was switched, and 3 mg / L of sodium hypochlorite was added as a disinfectant to the backwash water used in the backwashing of the ultrafiltration membrane.

Figure 0006151500
Figure 0006151500

上記の実験で得られた連続通水の結果を図2に示す。1ヶ月の連続通水の結果、膜ろ過処理水中のホルムアルデヒド濃度は安定して水道水質基準を下回った。また、膜ろ過処理水の濁度は全て0.1度以下であった。   The result of continuous water flow obtained in the above experiment is shown in FIG. As a result of continuous water flow for one month, the formaldehyde concentration in the membrane-filtered water was stably below the tap water quality standard. In addition, the turbidity of the membrane filtration treated water was 0.1 ° or less.

1 ホルムアルデヒド含有排水処理装置、10 原水槽、12 生物ろ過装置、14 生物ろ過処理水槽、16 ろ過装置、18 ろ過処理水槽、20,22,24 ポンプ、26 原水配管、28,30 生物ろ過処理水配管、32,34 ろ過処理水配管、36 逆洗水配管、38 生物ろ過逆洗水配管、40 逆洗排水配管、42 生物ろ過逆洗排水配管。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Formaldehyde containing waste water treatment equipment, 10 Raw water tank, 12 Biological filtration apparatus, 14 Biological filtration treatment water tank, 16 Filtration apparatus, 18 Filtration treatment water tank, 20, 22, 24 Pump, 26 Raw water piping, 28, 30 Biological filtration treatment water piping 32, 34 Filtration water piping, 36 Backwash water piping, 38 Biological filtration backwash water piping, 40 Backwash drainage piping, 42 Biological filtration backwash drainage piping.

Claims (10)

ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法であって、
担体に生物を担持させ、前記担体を固定床として用いて、生物代謝により処理を行う生物ろ過によりホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物処理する生物ろ過工程と、
前記生物ろ過工程により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水をろ過するろ過工程と、
を含み、
前記ホルムアルデヒド含有排水のホルムアルデヒド濃度が、0.08〜10mg/Lの範囲であることを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法。
A method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater,
A biological filtration step of biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater by biological filtration in which a biological substance is supported on the carrier, and the carrier is used as a fixed bed, and treatment is performed by biological metabolism;
A filtration step of filtering biological filtration treated water biologically treated by the biological filtration step;
Including
The formaldehyde concentration of the said formaldehyde containing waste water is the range of 0.08-10 mg / L, The processing method of formaldehyde containing waste water characterized by the above-mentioned.
請求項1に記載のホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法であって、
前記担体が、活性炭であることを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法。
A method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater according to claim 1,
A method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, wherein the carrier is activated carbon.
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法であって、
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過装置により生物処理する生物ろ過工程と、
前記生物ろ過工程により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水をろ過するろ過工程と、
前記ろ過工程において用いるろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、前記生物ろ過装置を逆洗する逆洗工程と、
を含むことを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法。
A method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater,
A biological filtration process for biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater with a biological filtration device ;
A filtration step of filtering biological filtration treated water biologically treated by the biological filtration step;
Backwashing the filtration membrane used in the filtration step, using at least a part of the backwash wastewater generated by the backwash, backwashing step of backwashing the biological filtration device ,
The processing method of the wastewater containing formaldehyde characterized by including.
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法であって、
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過装置により生物処理する生物ろ過工程と、
前記生物ろ過工程により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水をろ過するろ過工程と、
前記ろ過工程において用いるろ過膜のみを逆洗するろ過膜逆洗工程と、
前記ろ過工程において用いるろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、前記生物ろ過装置を逆洗する逆洗工程と、
を含むことを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法。
A method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater,
A biological filtration process for biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater with a biological filtration device ;
A filtration step of filtering biological filtration treated water biologically treated by the biological filtration step;
A filtration membrane backwashing step for backwashing only the filtration membrane used in the filtration step;
Backwashing the filtration membrane used in the filtration step, using at least a part of the backwash wastewater generated by the backwash, backwashing step of backwashing the biological filtration device ,
The processing method of the wastewater containing formaldehyde characterized by including.
請求項4に記載のホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法であって、
前記ろ過膜逆洗工程において用いる逆洗水に殺菌剤の添加を行うことを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理方法。
A method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater according to claim 4,
A method for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, wherein a bactericide is added to the backwash water used in the filtration membrane backwash step.
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であって、
担体に生物を担持させ、前記担体を固定床として用いて、生物代謝により処理を行う生物ろ過によりホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物処理する生物ろ過装置と、
前記生物ろ過装置により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水を通水してろ過するろ過装置と、
を備え、
前記ホルムアルデヒド含有排水のホルムアルデヒド濃度が、0.08〜10mg/Lの範囲であることを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置。
A processing apparatus for formaldehyde-containing wastewater,
A biological filtration device for biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater by biological filtration, wherein the carrier is loaded with organisms, and the carrier is used as a fixed bed, and treatment is performed by biological metabolism;
A filtration device for passing and filtering biological filtration treated water biologically treated by the biological filtration device;
With
The formaldehyde concentration of the said formaldehyde containing waste water is the range of 0.08-10 mg / L, The processing apparatus of the formaldehyde containing waste water characterized by the above-mentioned.
請求項6に記載のホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であって、
前記担体が、活性炭であることを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置。
It is a processing device of formaldehyde content drainage according to claim 6,
An apparatus for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, wherein the carrier is activated carbon.
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であって、
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過により生物処理する生物ろ過装置と、
前記生物ろ過装置により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水を通水してろ過するろ過装置と、
前記ろ過装置において用いられるろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、前記生物ろ過装置を逆洗する逆洗手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置。
A processing apparatus for formaldehyde-containing wastewater,
A biological filtration device for biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater by biological filtration;
A filtration device for passing and filtering biological filtration treated water biologically treated by the biological filtration device;
Backwashing the membrane used in the filtration device, backwashing means for backwashing the biological filtration device, using at least part of the backwash wastewater generated by the backwash,
An apparatus for treating wastewater containing formaldehyde, comprising:
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であって、
ホルムアルデヒド含有排水を生物ろ過により生物処理する生物ろ過装置と、
前記生物ろ過装置により生物処理した生物ろ過処理水を通水してろ過するろ過装置と、
前記ろ過装置において用いられるろ過膜のみを逆洗するろ過膜逆洗手段と、
前記ろ過装置において用いられるろ過膜を逆洗し、その逆洗により発生する逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、前記生物ろ過装置を逆洗する逆洗手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置。
A processing apparatus for formaldehyde-containing wastewater,
A biological filtration device for biologically treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater by biological filtration;
A filtration device for passing and filtering biological filtration treated water biologically treated by the biological filtration device;
Filtration membrane backwashing means for backwashing only the filtration membrane used in the filtration device;
Backwashing the membrane used in the filtration device, backwashing means for backwashing the biological filtration device, using at least part of the backwash wastewater generated by the backwash,
An apparatus for treating wastewater containing formaldehyde, comprising:
請求項9に記載のホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置であって、
前記ろ過装置において用いられるろ過膜のみの逆洗において用いられる逆洗水に殺菌剤の添加を行う殺菌剤添加手段を備えることを特徴とするホルムアルデヒド含有排水の処理装置。
An apparatus for treating wastewater containing formaldehyde according to claim 9,
An apparatus for treating formaldehyde-containing wastewater, comprising a sterilizing agent adding means for adding a sterilizing agent to backwashing water used in backwashing only a filtration membrane used in the filtration device.
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