JP6151077B2 - Deterioration judgment method for exterior materials - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, in homes and other buildings, about the deterioration determination how the exterior material for judging degree of deterioration of the outer package is a member that faces the outside such as external wall material or roof material.

  Exterior materials such as outer walls in buildings deteriorate due to the effects of solar heat, moisture, ultraviolet rays, etc., and color changes, choking, dirt, etc. appear over time. In particular, the color change often occurs at a stage before choking or smearing. For this reason, it is common to digitize the color and grasp the degree of deterioration based on the difference from the initial value. A color difference meter is used for digitizing the color.

As a method for digitizing the color, a method represented by “Lab” or the like using a color difference meter or the like is generally performed. Here, “L” represents lightness, and “ab” represents green, red, blue, and yellow saturation, and evaluation of the degree of progress of deterioration by brightness difference, saturation difference, and color difference that comprehensively evaluates them. Used as an indicator. Note that “Lab” and “ab” are numerical values generally indicated by the color system of “L ^* a ^* b ^* ” and “a ^* b ^* ”. In this specification, the following explanation is given. The star symbol is also omitted in FIG.

JP 2011-99709 A JP 2002-298134 A JP 2010-117259 A

  The color difference meter has a mechanism for measuring a vertical color reflected by directing diffused light from multiple directions by directly contacting a sensing portion of about 8 mm in diameter with an outer wall or the like. The structure around the φ8mm sensor is equipped with a horizontal auxiliary member (attachment) of φ40mm to improve the adhesion between the sample and the sensor and prevent extra light from entering from the outside. is there.

  Usually, the outer wall material has unevenness such as a handle that can be judged visually. In some cases, a groove having a width of about 20 mm is provided. For this reason, the attachment of the color difference meter interferes and may not be in close contact, and there is a possibility that measurement cannot be performed correctly. In addition, when the groove pitch of the outer wall is narrow, there is a possibility that a recess is included in the sensing unit. In addition, since the sensing unit is small, there is a problem that variation is large for each measurement site in the case of a multicolor sample. Furthermore, since the color difference meter is expensive and wired, it has disadvantages such as poor operability in the realization field and limitations on measurement.

The object of the present invention is to accurately perform color quantification and accurately determine deterioration even when there are uneven exterior materials or the shooting environment such as sunshine, without using a dedicated measuring instrument. it is to provide a deterioration determining how of the exterior material.

The exterior material deterioration determination method of the present invention is a method for determining deterioration by photographing using a so-called digital camera or the like.
That is, the method for determining deterioration of the exterior material according to the present invention is as follows.
A preparation step (S0) of preparing a gray color known body (1) having at least one part confirmation opening (1a) penetrating through and having a known numerical value of color;
A photographing process (S1) of photographing the exterior material (4) to be subjected to deterioration determination in the building and the color known body (1) together with a color digital photographing means (2);
A color correction process in which the color of the image of the captured digital data is corrected using the color of the image (G1) of the portion of the color known body (1) in the image, and the corrected color is digitized ( S2)
A deterioration determination step (S3) for determining deterioration of the exterior material (4) according to a condition determined from the color values of the color-corrected exterior material (4).
The “exterior material (4)” refers to a member disposed outside the building, such as an outer wall material or a roof material. The “color known body (1)” is, for example, a gray card. The color known body (1) is not preferable to be 18% gray to the front side of the whole surface.
More specifically, in the color correction step (S2), an image (G1) of the portion of the known color body (1) is extracted from the entire image of the photographed digital data, and the color of the extracted image (G1) Is compared with a known value of the color of the known color body (1), and the color of the image of the photographed digital data is corrected using the comparison result, and the corrected color is digitized. To do.
Further, in the imaging step (S1), it is checked whether the known color body (1) is arranged at an appropriate position in the exterior material (4) by looking through the part confirmation opening (1a).

According to this method, since the color known body (1) with known color values is photographed by the digital photographing means (2) together with the exterior material (4), changes in the environment during photographing such as sunlight and weather, Even if there is a difference in characteristics depending on the model of the digital photographing means (2), the color of the image of the exterior material (4) is corrected in accordance with the change in the color image of the portion of the color known body (1) in the image. Thus, the color of the exterior material (4) can be appropriately color-corrected and digitized.
Further, since the color known surface is gray, photographing itself can be performed appropriately. That is, since the digital photographing means (2), a so-called digital camera, generally has a characteristic of photographing by averaging the photographing screen to 18% gray, when a color known surface in which 18% gray occupies most is photographed together. This means that the surrounding colors that were reflected were taken with colors close to nature. In this way, since the image is captured with a color closer to natural at the time of shooting, the numerical value of the color can be obtained with higher accuracy.
For a photographed image, for example, a commercially available image editing software or the like is used to select a range to be evaluated, and an average Lab of the selected range is read, so that the numerical value of the color can be known. Alternatively, it is possible to select a range of 18% gray and read the average Lab of the selected range.
Further, for example, brightness, saturation difference, and color difference are obtained from the initial Lab prepared in advance and the Lab obtained from the image photographed by the digital photographing means (2) in the actual building as described above. In this way, by knowing the difference in the numerical values of the color such as brightness, saturation difference, color difference, etc., by comparing this with a prediction diagram of deterioration prepared in advance, the degree of deterioration of the exterior material, and the remainder Appropriate presentation of service life and maintenance time is possible.

  The equipment used for the deterioration determination may be a digital photographing means (2) and an information processing device (3) for processing the data. The digital photographing means (2) includes a digital camera and a mobile phone terminal with a camera function. Etc. can be used. As the information processing apparatus (3), a personal computer, a multifunction telephone terminal such as a so-called smartphone, a tablet terminal, or the like can be used. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately correct the influence of changes in the surrounding environment such as sunlight and weather without using expensive dedicated measuring equipment, and to determine the degree of color degradation with high accuracy.

In the deterioration determination method of the present invention, the color known body (1) has a penetrating portion confirmation opening (1a) in one place or more, if parts position confirmation opening (1a) is, the outer package from the It is easy to confirm whether the known color body (1) is arranged at an appropriate position in the exterior material (4). In addition, by providing a plurality of site confirmation openings (1a), it is possible to perform deterioration determination of a plurality of locations and deterioration determination of multi-colored exterior materials by one imaging.

The exterior material deterioration judging device of the present invention is
A color image of digital data obtained by photographing the exterior material (4) to be subjected to deterioration determination in the building and the color known body (1) having a known color value is stored in a predetermined storage area (6a). Input processing means (31);
Color correction means (32) for color-correcting the color of the image using the color of the image (G1) of the portion of the color known body (1) in the image and digitizing the corrected color;
Deterioration determining means (33) for determining deterioration of the exterior material (4) according to a condition determined from the color value of the color-corrected exterior material (4),
The color correcting means (32) corrects the color assuming that the known color body (1) is 18% gray.

  According to the deterioration determination device of this configuration, it can be realized by an information processing device (3) such as a personal computer, a smartphone, a tablet terminal, etc., as described above with respect to the deterioration determination method of the present invention. A mobile phone terminal or the like with a camera function can be used. In this way, without using a dedicated measuring instrument, even if the exterior material has irregularities or the shooting environment such as sunshine is different, the color can be digitized correctly and the deterioration can be determined with high accuracy.

According to the exterior material deterioration determination method of the present invention, a preparation process of preparing a gray color known body having one or more penetrating part confirmation openings and a known numerical value of a color is subjected to deterioration determination in a building. A photographing process of photographing the exterior material and the color known body together with a color digital photographing means, and extracting an image of the portion of the color known body from the entire image of the photographed digital data image. Is compared with a known value of the color of the known color body, and the color of the image of the photographed digital data is corrected using the comparison result, and the corrected color is digitized. a color correction process, look including a degradation determiner course deterioration of the sheathing material according to the conditions defined by value of color of the color-corrected exterior material, in the imaging process, looking into the site confirmation opening The color known body is To confirm whether it is properly positioned in the exterior material without using a dedicated measuring instrument, in exterior materials an uneven, also be different shooting environment sunshine etc., the correct color of digitizing It is possible to perform deterioration determination with high accuracy.
In particular, if the entire surface on the front side of the known color body is 18% gray, when it is photographed by a digital photographing means, it will be photographed with a color close to nature, and deterioration determination with higher accuracy can be performed.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the deterioration determination method of the exterior material which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention in process order. It is a graph which shows the example before the comparison correction of a digital camera and a color difference meter. It is a graph which shows the example after the comparison 18% correction | amendment of a digital camera and a color difference meter. It is a graph which shows the example of the calculation result of the color difference in a digital color image, a chroma difference, and a brightness difference. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware structural example of the deterioration determination apparatus of the exterior material which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the conceptual structure of the degradation determination apparatus.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This exterior material deterioration determination method is a method for determining deterioration of the exterior material 4 that is a member facing the outside such as an outer wall material or a roof material in a building. In this exterior material deterioration determination method, the preparation process S0, the photographing process S1, the color correction process S2, and the deterioration determination process S3 are performed in this order. As shown in FIG. 5, the devices used are the color known body 1, the digital photographing means 2, and the information processing device 3.

The known color body 1 is a correction tool for photographing with the exterior material 4 for color correction, and has a known color value and a gray known surface. The known color surface is, for example, an 18% gray which is an intermediate color between pure white and jet black, or an achromatic gray surface of about 18% gray. The known color body 1 has, for example, a flat plate shape or a sheet shape, and a so-called gray card may be used. In this example, a penetrating part confirmation opening 1 a is provided on the color known surface of the known color body 1. The part confirmation opening 1 a is a square hole, for example, and is provided in the center of the known color body 1. Two or more site confirmation openings (1a) may be provided.
“18% gray” is also referred to as “standard gray” or “standard 18% gray” and refers to a color tone having a reflectance of 18% at all wavelengths of visible light.

The digital photographing means 2 is a means capable of photographing a color digital image, such as a digital camera (so-called digital camera), a mobile phone terminal having a camera function, another portable information processing terminal (PDA, tablet) or the like. Also good.
The information processing apparatus 3 is a personal computer, a multifunctional mobile phone terminal such as a so-called smartphone, a PDA or a tablet-type mobile information processing terminal, or the like.

  In FIG. 1, a preparation process S0 is a process of preparing the known color body 1 for photographing. In the photographing process S <b> 1, the exterior material 4 to be subjected to deterioration determination in the building is photographed by the digital photographing unit 2 together with the color known surface of the color known body 1. For example, the color known body 1 is overlapped on the front surface of a location where the degradation of the exterior material 4 is to be measured, and the exterior material 4 is photographed. Depending on the situation, this photographing is performed by limiting ambient light with a light shielding sheet or the like. You may shoot using a strobe. The exterior material 4 is a surface material of an outer wall, for example. In the example of the figure, a joint pattern portion 4a having an uneven pattern is provided in a brick shape. When the known color body 1 is provided with the part confirmation opening 1a, the surface of the exterior material 4 can be seen in the interior, so it is confirmed whether or not the known color body 1 is disposed at an appropriate position. easy. In addition, by providing a plurality of site confirmation openings (1a), it is possible to perform deterioration determination of a plurality of locations and deterioration determination of multi-colored exterior materials by one imaging.

  The image data thus captured is taken into the information processing apparatus 3 (FIGS. 5 and 6), and each process of the color correction process S2 and the deterioration determination process S3 is performed by each means of the information processing apparatus 3.

In the color correction step S2, the entire color of the captured digital data image is color-corrected using the color of the color known surface image of the color known body 1 in this image, and the corrected color is digitized.
Specifically, the image G1 of the portion of the known color body 1 is extracted from the entire image, and the color value (for example, Lab) of the extracted image G1 and the color value (for example, Lab) of the known color body 1 are known. Compare the value. If there is a difference between the two, the image G4 of the color measurement portion (the portion where the color is to be measured) or the entire image is corrected at the difference ratio.

The numerical value of the corrected color is, for example, a numerical value shown in the L ^* a ^* b ^* color system. In the L ^* a ^* b ^* color system, lightness is indicated by L ^* , and hue and saturation are indicated by a ^* and b ^* . In the description so far, the star symbol is omitted, but specifically, the following numerical values are used.
If the color value of the reference point (L0 ^* , a0 ^* , b0 ^* ) and the color value of the measurement point (L1 *, a1 ^* , b1 ^* ) are taken, the lightness difference: ΔL = √ (L1 ^* −L0 ^* ) ²
Saturation difference: Δa ^* b ^* = √ (a1 ^* −a0 ^* ) ² + (b1 ^* −b0 ^* ) ²
Color difference: ΔE = √ (L1 ^* −L0 ^* ) ² + (a1 ^* −a0 ^* ) ² + (b1 ^* −b0 ^* ) ²

In the deterioration determination step (S3), the deterioration of the exterior material 4 is determined in accordance with conditions determined from the color values (for example, Lab values) of the color corrected exterior material 4.
Specifically, the numerical value (for example, Lab value) of the image G4 of the color measurement portion of the exterior material 4 is compared with the numerical value of the initial color (for example, Lab value) of the exterior material 4 of the color measurement portion. A brightness difference (ΔL), a color difference (ΔE), and a saturation difference (Δab) are obtained. The initial color of the exterior material 4 may be obtained from a new exterior material that is the same as the exterior material 4 used for the outer wall or the like. You may get. Further, color values recorded for the same new exterior material as the exterior material 4 may be used.

  In this way, after obtaining the difference between the numerical values of the colors, these numerical values (lightness difference (ΔL), color difference (ΔE), saturation difference (Δab)) are compared with a prediction diagram of deterioration prepared in advance. Thus, the degree of deterioration of the outer wall material 4, the remaining life, and the time of maintenance are obtained.

  The obtained degree of deterioration, remaining life, maintenance time, etc. are displayed on the screen display device 12 of the information processing device 3.

According to the exterior material deterioration determination method of this embodiment, the color known surface of the known color body 1 whose color values are known is photographed by the digital photographing means 2 together with the exterior material 4, so that it is possible to photograph sunlight, weather, and the like. Color correction of the image of the exterior material 4 in accordance with the change in the color image of the portion of the known color surface in the image, even if there is a change in the environment of the camera or the characteristics of the digital photographing means 2 Thus, the color of the exterior material 4 can be appropriately corrected and digitized.
Further, since the color known surface is gray, photographing itself can be performed appropriately. That is, since the digital photographing means 2, that is, a so-called digital camera, generally has a characteristic that the photographing screen is averaged to 18% gray and is photographed. The surrounding colors were taken with colors close to nature. In this way, since the image is captured with a color closer to natural at the time of shooting, the numerical value of the color can be obtained with higher accuracy.

The photographed image is selected by selecting a range to be evaluated using, for example, the deterioration determination device of FIGS. 5 and 6 or commercially available image editing software, and reading the average Lab value of the selected range, You can know the numerical value of the color.
Further, for example, brightness, saturation difference, and color difference are obtained from the initial Lab prepared in advance and the Lab obtained from the image photographed by the digital photographing means 2 in the actual building as described above. Thus, by knowing the difference in the numerical values of the colors such as brightness, saturation difference, color difference, etc., by comparing this with a prediction diagram of deterioration prepared in advance, the degree of deterioration of the exterior material 4, Appropriate presentation of remaining life and time of maintenance becomes possible.

  The equipment used for the deterioration determination may be the digital photographing means 2 and the information processing device 3 that performs data processing. The digital photographing means 2 may be a digital camera, a mobile phone terminal with a camera function, or the like. . As the information processing apparatus 3, a personal computer, a multifunction telephone terminal such as a so-called smartphone, a tablet terminal, or the like can be used. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately correct the influence of changes in the surrounding environment such as sunlight and weather without using expensive dedicated measuring equipment, and to determine the degree of color degradation with high accuracy.

The advantages of this embodiment are summarized below.
-Unlike the color difference meter, the color of the exterior material 4 with unevenness can be digitized.
-Colors can be digitized for a minute range or a wider range than a color difference meter.
-A single digital camera image can be digitized for many points.
・ Multicolor exterior materials can also be digitized.
-Colors can be digitized using the same principle for parts that differ from the outer wall, such as roofing materials.
-By comparing the expected diagram of deterioration prepared in advance, the degree of deterioration of the outer wall and the like and the remaining life can be obtained, and appropriate maintenance time can be presented.
-Since a general-purpose digital camera is used, the necessary means is much cheaper than a color difference meter.
・ The number of equipment for deterioration diagnosis can be reduced.
-It can be used as a sales tool for maintenance work orders.
-By linking with devices such as personal computers, it becomes possible to present the diagnosis results on the spot immediately after inspection.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a digital camera and a color difference meter before comparative correction.
FIG. 3 shows an example after a 18% comparison between the digital camera and the color difference meter.
FIG. 4 shows an example of calculation results of color difference, saturation difference, and brightness difference in a digital color image.
As can be seen from FIGS. 2 to 4, according to this embodiment, the calculation results of the color difference, the saturation difference, and the brightness difference can be obtained as in the case of using the color difference meter. Moreover, it can be performed with a general-purpose digital camera without requiring a dedicated device such as a color difference meter. Unlike the color difference meter, even if the outer wall material 4 has irregularities, the color is appropriately digitized to determine deterioration. be able to.

Next, the exterior material deterioration determination device will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 5, the information processing apparatus 3 is a personal computer or a form terminal such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal as described above. The information processing apparatus 3 includes a CPU (central processing unit) 5, a storage unit 6, and an input / output port 7. A deterioration determination program 9 is stored in the storage unit 6 and installed in a state that can be executed by the information processing apparatus 3. The storage means 6 collectively shows a large-capacity storage device such as a hard disk or SSD and a memory. The storage means 6 stores an OS (option program) (not shown), and is provided with a data storage area 6a for storing data such as image data. The deterioration determination program 9 is an application program executed on the OS.

  In addition, an input device 11 such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel and a screen display device which is an output device capable of displaying an image such as a liquid crystal display device are connected via an input / output port 7. The input / output port 7 has an interface such as a USB standard, and an image photographed by the digital photographing means 2 is input to the information processing device 3 through the input / output port 7, for example. The image photographed by the digital photographing means 2 may be stored in a removable memory chip (not shown) and input to the information processing device 3 from the memory chip.

  The deterioration determination program 9 and the hardware of the information processing apparatus 3 constitute an input processing means 31, a color correction means 32, a deterioration determination means 33, and an output processing means 34. The input processing means 31 outputs a color image of digital data obtained by photographing the exterior material 4 to be subjected to the deterioration determination and the color known body 1 together from the digital photographing means 1 to a predetermined storage area 6a of the storage means 6. It is means to memorize. The color correction means 32 and the deterioration determination means 33 are means for performing the processes of the color correction process (S2) and the deterioration determination process (S3) described above with reference to FIG. The output processing means 34 is a means for displaying the processing results in the color correction process (S2) and the deterioration determination process (S3) on the screen of the screen display device 12.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Color known body 2 ... Digital imaging | photography means 3 ... Information processing apparatus 4 ... Exterior material 9 ... Deterioration determination program 31 ... Input processing means 32 ... Color correction means 33 ... Deterioration determination means 34 ... Display means

Claims (2)

A preparation process of preparing a gray color known body having one or more penetrating part confirmation openings and known color values;
A photographing process of photographing the exterior material to be subjected to deterioration judgment in the building and the color known body together with a color digital photographing means;
Extracting the image of the known color portion from the entire image of the captured digital data image , comparing the color value of the extracted image with the known color value of the known color body, and comparing results A color correction process for correcting the color of the image of the captured digital data and digitizing the corrected color;
And determining deterioration determination process the deterioration of the external material viewed free according to the conditions defined by value of color of the color-corrected exterior material,
In the imaging process, look through the part confirmation opening to confirm whether the color known body is arranged at an appropriate position in the exterior material,
A method for judging deterioration of an exterior material, characterized in that:   The method for determining deterioration of an exterior material according to claim 1, wherein the entire front surface of the known color body is 18% gray.

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