JP6145148B2 - cooling tower - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling tower that circulates water between facilities that use cooling water to cool the water.

  In air-conditioning facilities and industrial facilities that use cooling water, cooling towers that cool water by using latent heat of water evaporation are widely used. In this cooling tower, cooling water from the load side is cooled by being brought into direct contact with the outside air sucked into the tower by a blower while flowing down the surface of the packing material in the tower. Such a cooling tower includes a counter flow type (also referred to as a counter flow type, see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3) and a cross flow type (depending on the flow direction of the cooling water flowing down the surface of the filler and the outside air. Also referred to as a cross flow type (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5). The counterflow type is usually a round type, and the crossflow type is usually a square type.

  FIG. 12 shows an example of the configuration of a conventional counterflow type cooling tower. The cooling tower CT1 has an outside air intake port 101 for sucking outside air into the tower body 100 at the lower outer peripheral portion of the tower body 100. The tower body 100 has a sprinkling arm 102 directly below it. In this case, the filler 103 for promoting heat exchange is arranged so that a space is formed in the lower part of the tower body 100 by the support member 104. In addition, a water supply pipe 105 for sending cooling water returning from the load side to the sprinkling arm 102 is provided at the center of the tower body 100, and the cooling water cooled by the filler 103 is received at the bottom of the tower body 100. The water tank 106 is further provided with a blower composed of a blade 108 such as a propeller fan and a motor 109 in an exhaust port 107 provided in the upper part of the tower body 100 (see Patent Document 1). In FIG. 12, the thin arrow a shows the movement of the cooling water, and the thick arrow A shows the movement of the outside air. ai is cooling water returning from the load side, ao is cooling water sent to the load side, Ai is air sucked into the tower body 100, and Ao is air discharged outside the tower body 100.

FIG. 13 shows an example of the configuration of a cross-flow type cooling tower. The cooling tower CT2 is provided with an upper water tank 201 for receiving cooling water returned from the load side at the upper part in the tower body 200, and between the upper water tank 201 and a lower water tank 202 provided at the bottom of the tower body 200. A packing material 203 is provided, and outside air intake ports 204 are provided on both sides of the tower body 200 at a height corresponding to the packing material 203. A motor 206 and a motor 206 are rotated by an exhaust port 205 at the top of the tower body 200. When a blower comprising the blade 207 is provided and the fan is rotated, outside air is sucked from the outside air intake port 204, and heat exchange between the outside air and the cooling water sprayed from the upper water tank 201 to the filler 203 is filled. The air that has been promoted by the material 203 and passed through the filler 203 is configured to be exhausted from the exhaust port 205 to the outside of the tower body 200 (see Patent Document 5). In FIG. 13, a thin arrow a indicates the movement of cooling water, and a thick arrow A indicates the movement of outside air. ai is cooling water returning from the load side, ao is cooling water sent to the load side, Ai is air sucked into the tower body 200, and Ao is air discharged outside the tower body 200.

JP 2003-139488 A JP 2011-122745 A JP 2003-65686 A JP-A-8-49989 JP 2010-91226 A

  As described above, the conventional cooling tower is provided with a blower at the exhaust port (107, 205) of the tower body (100, 200) in both the counter flow type and the cross flow type. In the case of a counter flow type cooling tower, there are large cooling towers having an exhaust port diameter of about 1500 to 3800 mm and an outer diameter of about 5000 to 8500 mm. In the case of a cross flow type cooling tower, the front width is 1700. Some are ˜12000 mm, height is 2800 to 3300 mm, and depth is 3300 to 3800 mm. Further, the depth of the lower water tank (202) of the crossflow type cooling tower may be 1000 mm or more. And in the conventional cooling tower, in order to acquire the expected cooling effect, the air blower with a blade using the propeller fan etc. from which a required air volume is obtained is used for an air blower.

  In a cooling tower using a blower with blades that can obtain such a required air volume, vibration of the blower is conducted to the hollow tower body, so that a large noise is generated from the cooling tower during operation and power consumption is large. The air blowing efficiency, and hence the cooling efficiency is low.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a cooling tower in which generation of noise during operation is suppressed and cooling efficiency is improved.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides cooling by directly bringing the cooling water from the load side into the tower while flowing down the surface of the packing material in the tower and directly contacting the outside air discharged from the exhaust port. In the counterflow type cooling tower, a plurality of separately formed annular jet generating pipes that generate upward jets inside the exhaust port are provided concentrically, and pressurized air is supplied to each jet generating pipe. A pressurized air source is connected.

  It is desirable that the plurality of annular jet generating tubes formed separately are provided concentrically at the same height or at different heights.

  The present invention also provides a cooling tower that cools the cooling water from the load side by cooling it by directly contacting the outside air that is sucked into the tower and discharged from the exhaust port while flowing down the surface of the packing material in the tower. In the case of a flow-type cooling tower, an exhaust port is provided at the ceiling of each heat exchange chamber where the filler is disposed, and an annular jet formed separately to generate an upward jet inside each exhaust port A plurality of generating pipes are provided concentrically, and a pressurized air source for supplying pressurized air is connected to the jet generating pipe.

Also, a plurality of jet generating tube at the same height, or be provided concentrically at different heights is desirable.

  In both the counterflow type cooling tower and the crossflow type cooling tower, it is desirable that the pressurized air source is provided outside the cooling tower and sucks the air in the upper space inside the cooling tower.

  The jet generation pipe has an annular internal passage and a jet outlet that communicates the internal passage with the outside. When pressurized air is supplied to the internal passage, the jet pipe extends from the jet along the wall of the jet generation pipe. A jet. The pressurized air supply source is connected to a part of the internal passage of the jet generating pipe and supplies pressurized air to the internal passage. The pressurized air supply source can be called a primary blower, and the jet generating tube can be called a secondary blower. What connected the pressurized air supply source to the jet flow generation pipe can also be called a bladeless blower.

  A bladeless blower is a concentric arrangement of at least two jet generating pipes: a jet generating pipe installed close to the inner wall of the exhaust port of the cooling tower and a jet generating pipe installed inside the jet generating pipe. It has it.

  The pressurized air supply source is a primary blower that supplies pressurized air to the jet generating pipe. As the primary blower, a normal bladed blower such as a propeller fan, a turbo fan, and a sirocco fan can be used according to the required air flow rate of the cooling tower. An ejector blower or a compressor may be used instead of the bladed blower.

  The pressurized air supply source may be provided so as to suck outside air outside the cooling tower and supply it to the internal passage of the jet generating pipe, but sucks air in the upper space of the cooling tower and supplies it to the internal passage. This is preferable because the air flow for heat exchange (cooling) in the tower is promoted.

  When the cooling tower is large like a cross flow type, it is desirable to provide a pit that is open to the outside of a part of the outer wall of the tower body and to provide a primary blower in the pit. Thereby, deterioration by the heat | fever and humidity of a primary air blower is reduced, and a primary air blower can be maintained easily.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of annular jet generating tubes formed separately are provided concentrically, even when the inner diameter of the exhaust port is large, a sufficient amount of upward air flow is provided in the exhaust port. Since it can generate | occur | produce, the heat exchange rate of the heat exchange area | region in a tower improves, and also noise generation at the time of operation is suppressed.
In addition, since multiple jet generating tubes are formed separately, it is possible to install multiple jet generating tubes concentrically at the same height or concentric at different heights depending on the inner diameter of the exhaust port. It can also be installed in the shape.

It is a front view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of counterflow type | mold cooling tower which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the cooling tower of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of only the jet generating tube along line XX in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a right side portion of FIG. 3. It is a top view which shows another example of 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the arrangement structure of the jet generating pipe of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the arrangement structure of the jet generating pipe of FIG. It is a front view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of cross flow type | mold cooling tower which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the cooling tower of FIG. It is a top view which removes a cover and shows other embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cooling tower of FIG. It is a front view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of typical example of the conventional counterflow type | mold cooling tower. It is a front view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of typical example of the conventional crossflow type | mold cooling tower.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an example when the present invention is applied to a counterflow type cooling tower. The same or corresponding members as those in FIG. 12 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the cooling tower CT3 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a bladeless blower B1 is attached instead of the conventional bladed blower and blower driving motor.

  The bladeless blower B <b> 1 has a jet generating pipe 1. A pressurized air supply source 2 is connected to the jet generating pipe 1. Only the jet generating pipe 1 is attached to the inside of the exhaust port 107 of the tower body 100. When the bladeless blower B1 is operated, the air A in the upper space in the tower body 100 is sucked upward from the exhaust port 107 in the same manner as when the conventional bladed fan is operated. Since the space is depressurized, the outside air Ai is sucked from the outside air suction port 101, passes between the fillers 103, and is exhausted upward from the exhaust port 107. Unlike the conventional blower with blades, the jet generating pipe 1 does not have a blade, and induces an air flow by generating an upward jet in the exhaust port 107, so that the air in the upper space in the tower body 100 is generated. A is sucked up and moved upward from the exhaust port 107. The principle will be described in detail later.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the jet generating pipe 1 is formed in an annular shape and has an opening O at the center. In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the jet generating tube 1 is formed of one or a plurality of plates, and has a continuous inner wall 11 and an outer wall 12, and the inner wall 11 and the outer wall 12 define the jet generating tube 1. A continuous internal passage 13 is formed around the central axis of the opening O.

  The distal end portion 11a of the inner wall 11 and the distal end portion 12a of the outer wall 12 are each curved inward, and the distal end portion 12a of the outer wall 12 is brought close to the outer surface of the distal end portion 11a of the inner wall 11 with a predetermined distance. Yes. And the jet nozzle 14 opened in the upper direction of the central axis of the opening part O is formed between both front-end | tip parts 11a and 12a. The spout 14 is gradually narrowed from the inner passage 13 side to the outlet. Therefore, the pressurized air a supplied from the pressurized air supply source 2 to the internal passage 13 is further compressed at the ejection port 14. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, a jet b is generated that is jetted from the outlet of the jet outlet 14 toward the upper part of the central axis of the opening O. The width of the curved surface of the front end portion 11a of the inner wall 11 and the subsequent flat surface 11b and the jet outlet 14, that is, the distance between both the front end portions 11a and 12a is such that the jet b is laminar along the flat surface 11b of the inner wall 11. It is designed to produce a Coanda effect that rises.

  The tip 11a of the inner wall 11 acts as a Coanda surface, and the jet outlet 14 has a nozzle function, so that the pressurized air a in the internal passage 13 is guided to become a vigorous air flow (jet b). .

  As shown in FIG. 4 (b), when an upward jet b is generated from the jet outlet 14 of the jet generating tube 1, the jet b is caused by the air c existing in the opening O of the jet generating tube 1 according to Bernoulli's law. The air is drawn in and is discharged upward from the exhaust port 107 along with the air c. The amount of air drawn into the jet b is ten times as large as the amount of air in the jet b. The amount of air moving in the opening O is the total amount of the jet b from the jet outlet 14 of the jet generating tube 1 and the air c drawn by the jet b in the opening O. Further, since the upper space in the tower is depressurized by the accompanying air c in the opening O, the amount of air sucked from the outside air intake port 101 and discharged from the exhaust port 107 is amplified. Therefore, the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower CT3 increases.

  When the bladeless blower B1 is constituted by only the jet generating pipe 1, it is used by connecting the pressurized air supply source 2 to the jet generating pipe 1, but the pressurized air varies in air flow depending on the required refrigeration ton of the cooling tower. A source 2 is used. Therefore, the pressurized air supply source connecting portion of the jet generating pipe 1 can be connected to the pressurized air supply sources 2 having different blast volumes. The bladeless blower B1 may be configured such that the pressurized air supply source 2 is connected to the jet generating pipe 1 in advance. And in the part where the pressurized air supply source 2 of the jet flow generating pipe 1 is connected, the pressurized air supplied from the pressurized air supply source 2 to the internal passage 13 is moved to both sides from the connecting part of the jet generating pipe 1. It is preferable to provide a distributor (not shown) for evenly distributing the branched internal passages 13.

  The pressurized air supply source 2 supplies pressurized air to the jet generating tube 1 in order to generate a jet in the jet generating tube 1. As the pressurized air supply source 2 for this purpose, one capable of supplying the amount of pressurized air necessary for generating the air flow in the tower necessary for the cooling capacity of the cooling tower CT3 by the jet flow from the jet generating pipe 1 is used. used. For example, a normal bladed blower such as a propeller fan, a turbo fan, or a sirocco fan can be used. An ejector blower or a compressor may be used instead of the bladed blower.

  The pressurized air supply source 2 sucks and pressurizes air and supplies it to the jet generating pipe 1, but outside air outside the tower body 100 may be used as the air. However, as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to use the air in the upper space in the tower body 100. Thereby, since the air flow in the heat exchange region in the tower is promoted, there is an advantage that the heat exchange rate is improved.

  The air flow sucked from the upper space in the tower by the jet flow from the jet generating pipe 1 and generated in the opening O is less turbulent than the case of using a conventional bladed fan and is close to a laminar flow. Moreover, the jet generating tube 1 does not have a blade. Therefore, there is very little noise generated from the exhaust port 107 or no noise is generated. Therefore, a low noise cooling tower can be provided as an incidental effect.

  Further, since the amount of air flowing through the opening O by the jet flow from the jet generating pipe 1 is increased as compared with the case where a conventional blower with a blade is used, the pressurized air supply source 2 is conventionally used at the exhaust port 107. A fan having a smaller blowing capacity than a bladed blower can be used. Therefore, the equipment cost and operating cost of the cooling tower can be reduced.

  Further, the jet generating pipe 1 of the bladeless blower B1 has an annular shape having no blades. Therefore, the operator can easily enter the tower from the opening of the jet generating tube 1 and can safely and easily perform maintenance of the watering arms 102 and the packing material 103 in the tower. Moreover, since the pressurized air supply source 2 having a movable part is provided outside the tower, maintenance of the pressurized air supply source 2 can be performed safely and easily. Therefore, the maintenance of the bladeless blower B1 can be performed safely and easily.

  The jet generating pipe 1 provided in the exhaust port 107 does not have a blade, and the pressurized air supply source 2 having the blade is installed outside the tower body 100, and the blade does not come out. Therefore, even if the bladeless blower B1 is accidentally turned on during the maintenance work in the tower, the worker is not exposed to danger, so the maintenance work can be performed with peace of mind.

  When the exhaust amount at the exhaust port 107 is small, it is sufficient to provide one jet generating pipe 1. However, when the exhaust amount at the exhaust port 107 is large and the diameter of the exhaust port 107 is particularly large, at least two jet generating pipes 1 and 1 'are concentrically arranged in the exhaust port 107 as shown in FIG. It is good to provide.

  When a plurality of jet generating pipes 1 and 1 'are provided concentrically, the outer jet generating pipe 1 and the inner jet generating pipe 1' may be provided at the same height as shown in FIG. In addition, one of the outer jet generating tube 1 and the inner jet generating tube 1 ′ can be provided at a position lower or higher than the other. In any case, the one pressurized air supply source 2 and the internal passage 13 of the two jet generating pipes 1 and 1 'are connected by the duct 23 or 23 and 23'. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 24 denotes a support member that couples the outer jet generating pipe 1 and the inner jet generating pipe 1 '. When a larger air volume is required, the same number of pressurized air supply sources as the number of jet generating tubes may be provided, and the pressurized air supplying sources and the jet generating tubes may be combined on a one-to-one basis.

  FIG. 8 shows an example when the present invention is applied to a crossflow type cooling tower. The same or corresponding members as those in FIG. 13 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the cooling tower CT4 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a bladeless blower B2 is attached to the exhaust port 205 in place of the conventional blower with blade and blower driving motor. Generally, the exhaust amount in the cross flow type cooling tower CT4 is larger than the exhaust amount in the counter flow type cooling tower CT3. Therefore, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 5 and FIG. Two jet generating pipes 1 and 1 'arranged concentrically are attached.

  Also in the second embodiment, it is possible to provide a crossflow type cooling tower with low noise and high safety.

  When the cross-flow type cooling tower is particularly large, a plurality of exhaust ports 205 may be provided in the ceiling portion. In such a case, the bladeless blower B1 having the single jet generating pipe 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 at each exhaust port 205 or the plural jet generating pipes 1 and 1 ′ shown in FIGS. A bladeless blower B2 having the following can be attached. Further, bladeless blowers B1 and B2 may be used in appropriate combination.

  The shape of the jet generating tube 1 in plan view is not limited to the above-described circular shape, and may be an elliptical shape, an oval shape, a rectangular shape, or the like. Further, the number of the pressurized air supply sources 2 that supply the primary air flow is not limited to one but may be plural. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a bladeless blower B3 provided in the crossflow type cooling tower CT5. In this example, a circular jet generating pipe 1a is used for the heat exchange chamber 31 with a small area where the filler is arranged, and an oval shape is used for the heat exchange chamber 32 with a large area where the filler is arranged. The jet generating pipe 1b is used. The pressurized air supply source 2 is mounted in a box 33 installed on one side of the upper space between the packing materials in the tower, and the pressurized air is supplied from the pressurized air supply source 2 through the duct 34. Are supplied to the jet generating pipes 1a and 1b. When a larger blast volume is required, the pressurized air supply sources 2 and 2 may be provided on both sides of the upper space in the tower. In said embodiment, the case where an operator can approach in a tower from the opening part of the jet flow generation pipe 1 was demonstrated. However, the present invention is not limited to the one in which the maintenance worker can enter the tower through the opening of the jet generating pipe 1.

The effects of the above embodiment are as follows.
(1) Improvement of safety a. Since a rotating member such as a blade is not exposed at the exhaust port of the cooling tower, there is no possibility of an accident involving the maintenance work. Therefore, an accident prevention effect can be obtained.
b. Further, since no rotating member such as a blade is exposed at the exhaust port of the cooling tower, there is no danger in the maintenance work such as cleaning the algae and dirt of the packing material, ascending above the cooling tower.
c. Since the exhaust port of the cooling tower does not have a drive unit or a rotating member, there is no fear that parts and the like are deteriorated and damaged and scattered.
(2) Maintenance effect d. Since the drive motor for the pressurized air supply source does not need to be provided above the exhaust port, the proportion of work at high places in the cooling tower is reduced.
e. Since the motor for driving the pressurized air supply source can be provided inside the cooling tower, maintenance can be performed regardless of the weather.
f. Since the driving motor can be provided on the outer surface of the side of the cooling tower, repair and maintenance can be performed even during operation of the cooling tower.
(3) Effective utilization of pressurized air supply source The filler is divided into a plurality of sections, exhaust ports are provided for each section, and a duct from one pressurized air supply source is provided to the jet generation pipe provided in each exhaust port. Can supply pressurized air.
Since pressurized air can be distributedly supplied to the subdivided sections and an upward air flow can be generated in each space, the cooling efficiency can be improved, so that the structure of the cooling tower can be fundamentally changed.
(4) Other effects An existing cooling tower can be made into the cooling tower which concerns on this invention only by replacing the air blower with a blade in the existing cooling tower with a bladeless air blower. It can be retrofitted in a short period of time at low cost, such as when installing existing cooling tower fans and bearings. When installing a bladeless blower, it is not necessary to increase the voltage and current, so there is no need to modify the existing electrical equipment.
The amount of air from the exhaust port is increased by the jet flow from the jet generating pipe, and the cooling efficiency is increased. Therefore, the cooling tower can be made smaller than before. Since the air volume increases, the motor of the pressurized air supply source can be made smaller than before.
The wind discharged from the exhaust port is excellent in straightness and has some power, so it can be used for wind power generation.

CT1, CT2, CT3, CT4 Cooling tower 100, 200 Tower 101, 204 Outside air inlet 102, 202 Sprinkling arm 103, 203 Filler 106 Water tank 201 Upper water tank 202 Lower water tank 107, 205 Exhaust port B1, B2, B3 Bladeless Blower 1, 1a, 1b Jet generation tube O Opening 11 Inner wall 11a Inner wall tip 12 Outer wall 12a Outer wall tip 13 Internal passage 14 Jet outlet 2 Pressurized air supply source 21 Blower (blower with blade)
22 Motor

Claims (8)

In a cooling tower that cools down by bringing the cooling water from the load side down the surface of the packing material in the tower and cooling it by directly contacting the outside air that is sucked into the tower and discharged from the exhaust port,
A plurality of individually formed annular jet generating pipes that generate upward jets inside the exhaust port are provided concentrically, and a pressurized air source that supplies pressurized air to each of the jet generating pipes is connected. A cooling tower characterized by that.   2. The cooling tower according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of jet generating tubes are provided concentrically at the same height.   2. The cooling tower according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of jet generating tubes are provided concentrically at different heights.   4. The cooling tower according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized air source is provided outside the cooling tower and sucks air in an upper space inside the cooling tower. In the cross-flow type cooling tower that cools down by bringing the cooling water from the load side down the surface of the packing material in the tower and cooling it by directly contacting the outside air that is sucked into the tower and discharged from the exhaust port,
The exhaust port is provided in a ceiling portion of each heat exchange chamber where the filler is disposed,
A plurality of annular jet generating tubes formed concentrically , each generating an upward jet inside each exhaust port,
A cross-flow type cooling tower, wherein a pressurized air source for supplying pressurized air is connected to the jet generating pipe. 6. The cooling tower according to claim 5 , wherein the plurality of jet generating tubes are provided concentrically at the same height. 6. The cooling tower according to claim 5 , wherein the plurality of jet generating tubes are provided concentrically at different heights. 8. The cross-flow type cooling tower according to claim 5, 6 or 7 , wherein the pressurized air source is provided outside the cooling tower, and sucks air in an upper space in the cooling tower. cooling tower.

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