JP6140310B2 - 超臨界水流によって原油の品質を上げ、かつ脱硫するプロセス - Google Patents
超臨界水流によって原油の品質を上げ、かつ脱硫するプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 231
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 164
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 60
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 salt compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D11/0403—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid with a supercritical fluid
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/09—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/24—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing with hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/26—Steam or water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
- B01D11/0419—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid in combination with an electric or magnetic field or with vibrations
- B01D11/0423—Applying ultrasound
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/208—Sediments, e.g. bottom sediment and water or BSW
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4006—Temperature
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4012—Pressure
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/42—Hydrogen of special source or of special composition
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Description
Claims (21)
- 原油流から汚染物質を除去するプロセスであって、
原油流を混合装置に供給するステップと、
超臨界水流を前記混合装置に供給するステップと、
前記混合装置内で前記原油流及び前記超臨界水流を混合して、混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
前記混合原油及び超臨界水流を物理的濾過器に供給して、前記混合原油及び超臨界水流から固体化合物を除去して、濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
前記濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップの後に、さらなる処理のためにユニットに前記濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を供給するステップと、を含み、
さらなる処理のための前記ユニットは、脱硫ユニット、超臨界水反応炉ユニット、水素処理ユニット、および水素化分解ユニットから成る群から選択される、プロセス。 - 前記ユニットが脱硫ユニットである、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記混合装置内で前記原油流及び超臨界水流を混合した結果、前記固体化合物が沈殿する、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記固体化合物がアルカリ化合物である、請求項3に記載のプロセス。
- 前記超臨界水流を前記混合装置に供給する前に、前記超臨界水流を濾水器に供給して、濾過済み超臨界水流を生成するステップをさらに含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記物理的濾過器が直列に配置された2つ以上の濾過器を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記物理的濾過器が並列に配置された2つ以上の物理的濾過器を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記物理的濾過器に供給される際の前記混合原油及び超臨界水流の温度が400℃超の温度に維持される、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記物理的濾過器がカップ型濾過器、膜型濾過器、または深層型濾過器である、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記混合原油及び超臨界水流を前記混合原油及び超臨界水流の乱流を生み出す装置に供給して、前記混合原油及び超臨界水流を前記濾過器に供給する前に、乱流混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップをさらに含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乱流を生み出す装置が連続撹拌槽型反応器である、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 原油流から汚染物質を除去するプロセスであって、
超臨界状態未満の水流を濾水器に供給して、固体化合物を除去し、濾過済み水流を生成するステップと、
加熱装置を用いて、前記濾過済み水流を超臨界状態まで加熱して、濾過済み超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
前記濾過済み超臨界水流を混合装置に供給するステップと、
原油流を前記混合装置に供給するステップと、
前記混合装置内で前記原油流及び前記濾過済み超臨界水流を混合し、混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
前記混合原油及び超臨界水流を物理的濾過器に供給して、前記混合原油及び超臨界水流から第2の固体化合物を除去し、濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
前記濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップの後に、さらなる処理のためにユニットに前記濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を供給するステップと、を含み、
さらなる処理のための前記ユニットは、脱硫ユニット、超臨界水反応炉ユニット、水素処理ユニット、および水素化分解ユニットから成る群から選択される、プロセス。 - 前記物理的濾過器が直列に配置された2つ以上の濾過器を含む、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 前記物理的濾過器が並列に配置された2つ以上の濾過器を含む、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 前記物理的濾過器に供給される際の前記混合原油及び超臨界水流の温度が400℃超の温度に維持される、請求項12〜14のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記物理的濾過器がカップ型濾過器、膜型濾過器、または深層型濾過器である、請求項12〜15のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記固体化合物が前記水流内でアルカリ化合物である、請求項12〜16のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第2の固体化合物が、前記混合装置内で前記原油流を前記超臨界水流と混合した結果、沈殿するアルカリ化合物である、請求項12〜17のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記混合原油及び超臨界水流を前記混合原油及び超臨界水流の乱流を生み出す装置に供給して、前記混合原油及び超臨界水流を前記濾過器に供給する前に、乱流混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップをさらに含む、請求項12〜18のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乱流を生み出す装置が連続撹拌槽型反応器である、請求項19に記載のプロセス。
- 原油流から汚染物質を除去するプロセスであって、
水流を濾水器に供給して、固体アルカリ化合物を除去し、濾過済み水流を生成するステップと、
加熱装置を用いて、前記濾過済み水流を超臨界状態まで加熱して、400℃超の温度に維持される濾過済み超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
400℃超の温度に維持される前記濾過済み超臨界水流を混合装置に供給するステップと、
原油流を前記混合装置に供給するステップと、
前記混合装置内で前記原油流及び前記濾過済み超臨界水流を混合し、混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
前記混合原油及び超臨界水流を連続撹拌槽型反応器に供給して、乱流混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
400℃超の温度に維持される前記乱流混合原油及び超臨界水流を物理的濾過器に供給して、前記混合原油及び超臨界水流から第2の固体化合物を除去し、濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
前記濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を生成するステップの後に、さらなる処理のためにユニットに前記濾過済み混合原油及び超臨界水流を供給するステップと、を含み、
さらなる処理のための前記ユニットは、脱硫ユニット、超臨界水反応炉ユニット、水素処理ユニット、および水素化分解ユニットから成る群から選択される、プロセス。
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