JP6128539B1 - Lightning suppression type lightning arrester - Google Patents

Abstract

A positive charge region formed around a lightning arrester is reduced as much as possible to effectively suppress the generation of upward streamers. A grounded second electrode body 2, a first electrode body 3 provided so as to wrap the second electrode body 2 with a predetermined gap G, and the gap G are provided. The second electrode body 2 and the first electrode body 3 are made of an electrically insulating layer S that maintains an electrically insulating state, the second electrode body 2 is formed in a substantially spherical shape, and the first electrode body 3 is The second electrode body 2 is formed in a spherical shell shape similar to the outer surface shape of the two-electrode body 2, and the second electrode body 2 is covered by the first electrode body 3 over almost the entire surface. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a lightning-suppressing lightning arrester for protecting a protected body such as a building or equipment from lightning damage by suppressing lightning.

  Lightning strikes are discharge phenomena that occur in the atmosphere. Lightning discharges include in-cloud discharges, inter-cloud discharges, and cloud-ground discharges. It is the cloud-to-ground discharge (hereinafter referred to as lightning strike) that causes significant damage from lightning discharge. A lightning strike is a phenomenon that occurs when the electric field strength between a thundercloud (cloud bottom) and a structure constructed on the earth or ground becomes very large, and its charge is saturated to break the insulation of the atmosphere. is there.

When lightning phenomena are observed in detail, in the case of a general lightning (summer lightning) that occurs in the summer, when the thundercloud matures, the steppedore approaches the ground from the thundercloud, selecting where it is likely to discharge air.
When the stepreader is at a certain distance from the ground, a weak current upward streamer (greeting discharge) extends from the ground, a building (lightning rod), a tree, or the like toward the stepreader.
When this streamer and steppeda are coupled, a large current (feedback current) flows between the thundercloud and the ground through the path.
This is a lightning phenomenon.

  In view of such a lightning phenomenon, most conventional lightning protection concepts have received a lightning strike to a ground with a needle-type lightning rod (Franklin rod) from the viewpoint that lightning cannot be prevented.

  On the other hand, the present inventors have proposed a lightning suppression type lightning arrester shown in Patent Document 1 in order to protect the protected object by suppressing the occurrence of lightning as much as possible.

  This lightning-suppressing type lightning arrester has an upper electrode body and a lower electrode body arranged with an insulator interposed therebetween, and is configured by grounding only the lower electrode body.

  For example, when a thundercloud in which negative charges are distributed at the cloud bottom approaches, charges opposite to the thunderclouds (plus charges) are distributed on the surface of the ground, and positive charges are also collected on the grounded lower electrode body.

  Then, the upper electrode body disposed via the insulator is negatively charged by the action of the capacitor.

  This action makes it difficult to generate upward streamers in the lightning arrester and its surroundings and suppresses the occurrence of lightning strikes.

Japanese Patent No. 5839331

  By the above-mentioned proposal by the present inventors as described above, lightning can be suppressed in a circular protection area centering on the lightning arrester.

  However, in the previous proposal, since a positive charge region is formed in the lower electrode body, which is the lower structure of the lightning arrester, lightning strike to the lower electrode body is assumed depending on the lightning strike energy. As a result, the inventors have found that it is necessary to narrow the positive charge region as much as possible.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-described knowledge, the grounded second electrode body, the first electrode body provided to wrap the second electrode body with a predetermined gap, An electrical insulation layer provided in the gap and holding the second electrode body and the first electrode body in an electrically insulated state, wherein the second electrode body is formed in a substantially spherical shape, and the first electrode body is a sphere It is characterized by being formed into a shell.

  With such a configuration, the spherical shell-shaped first electrode body is disposed in an electrically insulated state so as to cover the grounded substantially spherical second electrode body in a wrapping form.

  When a thundercloud in which negative charges are distributed at the cloud bottom approaches, the opposite charge (plus charge) is distributed on the surface of the ground, and the positive charges are also collected on the second electrode body grounded to the ground. become.

Then, the first electrode body disposed on the second electrode body via the insulating coating layer is negatively charged by the action of the capacitor.
This action makes it difficult to generate upward streamers in the first electrode body and its periphery, and can suppress the occurrence of lightning strikes.

  Here, since the first electrode body is disposed so as to wrap around the second electrode body, most of the area around the lightning arrester is covered with negative charges.

  Therefore, the positive charge region in the lightning arrester can be suppressed to be extremely small, and the occurrence of upward streamer when the thundercloud approaches can be effectively suppressed. As a result, the lightning suppression effect can be enhanced.

  In the lightning arrester of the present invention, the first electrode body is formed in a spherical shell shape similar to the outer surface shape of the second electrode body in order to enhance the function of covering most of the lightning arrester device with negative charges. In addition, the second electrode body can be covered with the first electrode body over almost the entire surface.

  In the lightning arrester of the present invention, a through hole that communicates the inside and outside of the first electrode body is formed in the lower part, and a support rod that is electrically connected to the second electrode body is provided in the through hole. By inserting the first electrode body in an electrically insulated state, the support rod supports and supports the first electrode body, the second electrode body, and the electrical insulating layer. In addition, the lightning protection function can be secured by grounding the second electrode.

  The electrical insulating layer is configured by a spacer formed by an electrical insulating material that is disposed in the gap and holds the second electrode body and the first electrode body at a predetermined interval, and a space formed in the gap. can do.

  The electrical insulating layer may be formed by providing a spacer formed of an electrical insulating material over the entire gap formed between the second electrode body and the first electrode body. it can.

  The second electrode body and the first electrode body can be substantially spherical or elliptical in a vertical section.

  In particular, air resistance during strong winds can be reduced by using an elliptical shape like the latter.

  On the other hand, the first electrode body is constituted by a pair of first electrode structures formed by being divided into two parts, and the pair of first electrode structures is abutted so as to sandwich the electrical insulating layer. It is possible to integrate the second electrode body by enclosing the two electrode body and connecting and integrating the two electrode bodies in an electrically conductive state.

  And a pair of said 1st electrode structure can be integrated by welding the said abutted site | part or screwing in the said abutted site | part.

  According to the lightning suppression type lightning arrester of the present invention, the positive charge area formed around the lightning arrester can be made as small as possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of upward streamers, thereby enhancing the lightning suppression effect. it can.

It is a front view which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic for demonstrating the streamer generation | occurrence | production suppression effect | action in this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part which shows the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 5th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 1 shows the lightning suppression type lightning arrester (henceforth a lightning arrester) concerning this embodiment.

  The lightning arrester 1 of the present embodiment includes a grounded second electrode body 2, a first electrode body 3 provided so as to wrap the second electrode body 2 with a predetermined gap G, and a gap G. And the second electrode body 2 is formed in a substantially spherical shape, and the first electrode body 3 is formed in the first electrode body 3 with the second electrode body 2 and the first electrode body 3 in an electrically insulating state. It is formed in a spherical shell shape similar to the outer surface shape of the two-electrode body 2, and the second electrode body 2 is covered by the first electrode body 3 over almost the entire surface.

  The second electrode body 2 has a true spherical shape and is formed in a hollow shape having a predetermined thickness as shown in FIG.

A nut 4 is integrally attached to the lower portion of the second electrode body 2, and a tip of a support rod 5 described later is screwed to the nut 4.
A lock nut 6 is screwed onto the support rod 5, and the lock rod 6 and the second electrode body 2 are fixed by pressing the lock nut 6 to the fixing nut 4.

The 1st electrode body 3 is comprised by a pair of 1st electrode structure 3a * 3b formed by dividing into 2 parts up and down.
The pair of first electrode constituting bodies 3a and 3b are wrapped together so as to sandwich the electric insulating layer S, thereby enclosing the second electrode body 2, and integrated by welding (welded portion W) at the joined portions. Has been.

  A through hole 7 is formed in the lower center of the lower first electrode structure 3a so as to communicate between the inside and the outside. A support rod 5 electrically connected to the second electrode body 2 is provided in the through hole 7. The second electrode body 2 is grounded through the support rod 5.

  The electrical insulating layer S is disposed in the gap G, and includes a spacer 8 formed of an electrical insulating material that holds the second electrode body 2 and the first electrode body 3 at a predetermined interval, the second electrode body 2, It is constituted by a gap G that forms a space between one electrode body 3.

  In the present embodiment, the spacer 8 includes a lower spacer 8 a disposed at the lower portion of the second electrode body 2 and an upper spacer 8 b disposed at the upper portion of the second electrode body 2.

The lower spacer 8 a is configured to be fitted into the through hole 7 of the lower first electrode structure 3 a and to be brought into surface contact with the lower inner surface of the first electrode structure 3.
The lower spacer 8a and the lower first electrode structure 3a are integrated by an adhesive or the like.

  A support rod 5 is passed through the central portion of the lower spacer 8a. The support rod 5 is electrically insulated from the lower first electrode structure 3a by the lower spacer 8a while maintaining a predetermined distance. Linked in state.

  The upper spacer 8b is formed in a spherical shape so that the lower surface is along the outer surface of the second electrode body 2 and the upper surface is along the inner surface of the first electrode body 3, and the second electrode body 2 is formed on the lower surface. A positioning projection 10 is provided so as to be fitted in a locking hole 9 formed in the upper portion of the projection.

  The upper spacer 8b is also fixed to the second electrode body 2 and the first electrode body 3 with an adhesive or the like.

The lightning arrester 1 of this embodiment is assembled in the following procedures.
First, the lower spacer 8a is fixed to the bottom of the inner surface of the lower first electrode structure 3a so as to close the through hole 7 provided in the bottom.

  Then, after inserting the support rod 5 to which the second electrode body 2 is fixed into the lower spacer 8 a, the upper spacer 8 b is placed on the upper part of the second electrode body 2, and the positioning protrusion 10 is placed on the second electrode body 2. It is fixed while fitting into the locking hole 9.

  Then, the upper spacer 8b is covered so as to cover the upper first electrode structure 3b, and the lower part is butted against the lower first electrode structure 3a.

  Thus, the butted portions of the upper and lower first electrode structures 3a and 3b are connected by welding to complete the assembly.

In the lightning arrester 1 of this embodiment assembled in this way, the first electrode body 3 is constituted by the lower spacer 8a and the upper spacer 8b. The second electrode body 2 is connected at a predetermined interval and in an electrically insulated state.
Further, the first electrode body 3, the second electrode body 2, and the insulating layer S are supported by the support rod 5.

In the assembled state as described above, the first electrode body 3 is positioned so as to cover almost the entire circumference of the second electrode body 2.
Further, the second electrode body 2 is electrically drawn out of the first electrode body 3 through the support rod 5.

  The lightning arrester 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above is installed on or near a protected object to be protected from lightning using the support rod 5, and the support rod 5 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. As shown in FIG.

  Next, the lightning suppression function by the lightning arrester 1 of this embodiment installed in this way will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the thundercloud C in which negative charges are distributed on the cloud bottom approaches, the opposite charge (plus charge) is distributed on the surface of the ground E and is grounded to the ground E via the support rod 5. As shown in FIG. 2, positive charges are also collected in the second electrode body 2 that is formed.

On the other hand, the first electrode body 3 opposed to the second electrode body 2 via the electric insulating layer S is negatively charged by the action of the capacitor.
Due to this action, an upward streamer is unlikely to occur in the first electrode body 3 and its periphery, and as a result, the occurrence of lightning strikes is suppressed.

  Since the first electrode body 3 is provided so as to cover almost the entire circumference of the second electrode body 2, most of the upper end portion of the lightning arrester 1 of the present embodiment is negatively charged.

  As a result, the positive charge region that causes the upward streamer can be greatly reduced, and the lightning suppression effect can be greatly improved.

  FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the lower spacer 8a and the upper spacer 8b are placed over the entire gap G formed between the second electrode body 2 and the first electrode body 3. Thus, the electrical insulation layer S is configured.

By setting it as such a structure, the 1st electrode body 3, the 2nd electrode body 2, and the support rod 5 can be rigidly connected.
Moreover, by eliminating the space inside the first electrode body 3, the change in the internal pressure can be minimized and the soundness of the lightning arrester 1 of the present invention can be improved.

  FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the first electrode structures 3a and 3b are connected by screws 11.

  By setting it as such a structure, the assembly operation of the 1st electrode body 3 can be made simple.

  Furthermore, FIG. 6 shows the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and makes the shape of the 1st electrode body 3 and the 2nd electrode body 2 elliptical in the vertical cross section.

By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the fluid resistance against the wind in the horizontal direction.
Thereby, the intensity | strength with respect to the wind of the lightning arrester 1 can be raised.

FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode body 3 is formed in a continuous spherical shell shape, and a skirt portion 3c that forms a through-hole 7 for inserting the support rod 5 is connected to the lower portion thereof. .

  The support rod 5 is inserted into the skirt portion 3c, and a first spacer 12 is mounted to hold the support rod 5 with a predetermined distance from the inner surface of the skirt portion 3c.

  The first spacer 12 is made of an electrically insulating material, and electrically insulates the support rod 5 and the skirt portion 3c.

  Further, the first spacer 12 is fitted inside the skirt portion 3c from the outside of the first electrode body 3, and is fixed to the skirt portion 3c by bonding or screwing. It has become.

  A flange 13 that is brought into contact with the lower end surface of the skirt portion 3c is integrally formed at the lower end portion of the first spacer 12, and the contact between the flange 13 and the skirt portion 12 allows positioning between the two. It has been made.

  On the other hand, the second electrode body 2 is formed in a spherical body or a spherical shell body, and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the skirt portion 3c formed in the first electrode body 3, and this skirt Insertion into the inside of the 1st electrode body 3 is enabled from the part 3c.

  The second electrode body 2 is fixed to the distal end of the support rod 5, and a female screw 5 a is formed in a predetermined region from the distal end portion to the proximal end portion of the support rod 5.

  A lock nut 14 is screwed onto the support rod 5 via a female screw 5a, and a first spacer 12 is fitted to the front end side of the lock nut 14, and further, the first spacer A cylindrical second spacer 15 is fitted closer to the tip than 12.

  As described above, when the lock nut 14, the first spacer 12, and the second spacer 15 are attached to the support rod 5, the tip of the support rod 5 is protruded from the second spacer 15. The second electrode body 2 is fixed to the projected tip by a fixing means such as screw connection or welding.

  Further, the first spacer 12 and the second spacer 15 are sandwiched and fixed between the lock nut 14 and the second electrode body 2 by screwing the lock nut 14 toward the second electrode body 2. It has become.

  By such fixing, the distance between the first spacer 12 and the second electrode body 2 is set. This distance is determined by the thickness of the first spacer 12 and the length of the second spacer 15.

  The second electrode body 2 is inserted into the first electrode body 3 through the through hole 7 of the skirt portion 3c, and the flange 13 of the first spacer 12 is brought into contact with the lower end of the skirt portion 3c. The first electrode body 3 is positioned.

  Here, the second electrode body 2 can be positioned at the center of the first electrode body 3 by setting the thickness of the first spacer 12 and the length of the second spacer 15.

Thereby, a uniform gap G can be formed over substantially the entire circumference between the second electrode body 2 and the first electrode body 3.
That is, a uniform electrical insulating layer S made of air can be formed around the second electrode body 2.

  The first spacer 12 and the support rod 5 may be screwed using the female screw 5a. The second spacer 15 is formed of an electrically insulating material, and the first spacer 12 is formed. It is also possible to integrate with.

  By setting it as such a structure, the 1st electrode body 3 can be comprised with a single member, and while reducing a number of parts and simplifying a structure, manufacturability can be improved.

  The various shapes, dimensions, and the like of the constituent members shown in the embodiments are merely examples, and various changes can be made based on design requirements and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 (Lightning strike suppression type) Lightning arrester 2 2nd electrode body 3 1st electrode body 3a 1st electrode structure 3b 1st electrode structure 3c Skirt part 4 Nut 5 Support rod 5a Female screw 6 Lock nut 7 Through-hole 8 Spacer 8a Lower part Spacer 8b Upper spacer 9 Locking hole 10 Positioning protrusion 11 Screw 12 First spacer 13 鍔 14 Lock nut 15 Second spacer C Thundercloud E Earth G Gap (Electrical insulating layer)
S Electric insulation layer W Welded part

Claims (10)

  The grounded second electrode body, the first electrode body provided so as to wrap the second electrode body with a predetermined gap, and the second electrode body and the first electrode provided in the gap. A lightning suppression type, characterized in that the second electrode body is formed in a substantially spherical shape and the first electrode body is formed in a spherical shell shape. Lightning arrester.   The first electrode body is formed in a spherical shell shape similar to the outer surface shape of the second electrode body, and the second electrode body is covered almost entirely by the first electrode body. The lightning-suppressing type lightning arrester according to claim 1.   A through hole that communicates the inside and outside of the first electrode body is formed in the lower portion of the first electrode body, and a support rod that is electrically connected to the second electrode body is electrically connected to the first electrode body in the through hole. The lightning-reducing lightning arrester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lightning-suppressing lightning arrester is inserted in an insulated state, and the second electrode body is grounded via the support rod.   The electrical insulation layer is disposed in the gap, and includes a spacer formed of an electrical insulating material that holds the second electrode body and the first electrode body at a predetermined interval, and a space formed in the gap. The lightning-suppressing type lightning arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein   The electrical insulating layer is provided over the entire gap formed between the second electrode body and the first electrode body, and is configured by a spacer formed of an electrical insulating material. The lightning-suppressing type lightning arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The lightning strike suppression lightning arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second electrode body and the first electrode body are substantially spherical.   The lightning-suppressing lightning arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second electrode body and the first electrode body have an elliptical shape in a vertical section.   The first electrode body is constituted by a pair of first electrode structures formed by dividing the first electrode body, and the pair of first electrode structures is abutted so as to sandwich the electrical insulating layer. 8. The lightning-suppressing lightning arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second electrode body is wrapped and integrated in an electrically conductive state at the abutted portion. .   9. The lightning-suppressing lightning arrester according to claim 8, wherein the pair of first electrode structures are integrated by welding at the abutted portions.   9. The lightning-suppressing lightning arrester according to claim 8, wherein the pair of first electrode structures are integrated by being screwed at the abutted portions.