JP6028293B1 - Lightning suppression type lightning arrester - Google Patents

Abstract

A lightning protection type lightning arrester capable of forming a lightning protection region in accordance with an object to be protected is provided. A lightning suppression type lightning arrester 1 installed on an upper part of a building B so as to suppress lightning strikes on the building, the second being disposed along the upper surface of the building. Lightning arrester configuration comprising an electrode body 3, an insulating coating body 4 formed of an electrically insulating material that covers the second electrode body, and a first electrode body 2 provided to cover the surface of the insulating coating body A body Z is provided, and the second electrode body is grounded. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a lightning-suppressing lightning arrester for protecting a protected body such as a building or equipment from lightning damage by suppressing lightning.

  Lightning strikes are discharge phenomena that occur in the atmosphere. Lightning discharges include in-cloud discharges, inter-cloud discharges, and cloud-ground discharges. It is the cloud-to-ground discharge (hereinafter referred to as lightning strike) that causes significant damage from lightning discharge. A lightning strike is a phenomenon that occurs when the electric field strength between a thundercloud (cloud bottom) and a structure constructed on the earth or ground becomes very large, and its charge is saturated to break the insulation of the atmosphere. is there.

When lightning phenomena are observed in detail, in the case of a general lightning (summer lightning) that occurs in the summer, when the thundercloud matures, the steppedore approaches the ground from the thundercloud, selecting where it is likely to discharge air.
When the stepreader is at a certain distance from the ground, a weak current upward streamer (greeting discharge) extends from the ground, a building (lightning rod), a tree, or the like toward the stepreader.
When this streamer and steppeda are coupled, a large current (feedback current) flows between the thundercloud and the ground through the path.
This is a lightning phenomenon.

  In view of such a lightning phenomenon, most conventional lightning protection concepts have received a lightning strike to a ground with a needle-type lightning rod (Franklin rod) from the viewpoint that lightning cannot be prevented.

  On the other hand, the present inventors have proposed a lightning suppression type lightning arrester shown in Patent Document 1 in order to protect the protected object by suppressing the occurrence of lightning as much as possible.

  This lightning-suppressing type lightning arrester has an upper electrode body and a lower electrode body arranged with an insulator interposed therebetween, and is configured by grounding only the lower electrode body.

  For example, when a thundercloud in which negative charges are distributed at the cloud bottom approaches, charges opposite to the thunderclouds (plus charges) are distributed on the surface of the ground, and positive charges are also collected on the grounded lower electrode.

  Then, the upper electrode body disposed via the insulator is negatively charged by the action of the capacitor.

  This action makes it difficult to generate upward streamers in the lightning arrester and its surroundings and suppresses the occurrence of lightning strikes.

Japanese Patent No. 5839331

  By the above-mentioned proposal by the present inventors as described above, lightning can be suppressed in a circular protection area centering on the lightning arrester.

  However, the objects to be protected against lightning are diversified, and it has been found that it is necessary to form an optimal protection region corresponding to the diversification of the objects to be protected.

  The present invention has been made based on the above-described knowledge, and is a lightning suppression type lightning arrester for a building which is installed on the top of a building and suppresses lightning strikes on the building, A second electrode body disposed along the upper surface of the object, an insulating covering formed by an electrically insulating material covering the second electrode body, and a second electrode covering the surface of the insulating covering. And a lightning arrester constituting body having one electrode body, wherein the second electrode body is grounded.

  By adopting such a configuration, the first electrode body and the second electrode body are held at a predetermined interval by the insulating coating body over their entire length and are electrically insulated. Retained.

  For example, when a thundercloud in which a negative charge is distributed on the cloud base approaches, the opposite charge (positive charge) is distributed on the surface of the ground, and the second electrode body grounded to this ground also has a cloud bottom. The positive charge is attracted by the negative charge.

Then, the first electrode body disposed on the second electrode body via the insulating coating body is negatively charged by the action of the capacitor.
This action makes it difficult to generate upward streamers in the first electrode body and its periphery, and can suppress the occurrence of lightning strikes.

  Here, by installing the lightning arrester structure on the top of the building, an area for suppressing the occurrence of the above-mentioned lightning strike, that is, a protection area is formed around the building, and lightning strikes the building. Can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the protection region mentioned above can be freely formed by installing the said lightning arrester structural body according to the shape of a building.

  As a result, the protection area can be set in accordance with the protection target to be protected, and an optimal protection area can be formed for the protection target.

  In addition, since the lightning arrester component has an integrated structure in which the first electrode body, the second electrode body, and the insulating cover are stacked concentrically, the handling is easy and the construction is high. Sex can be secured.

  And the said insulation coating body is provided between the both ends of the said 1st electrode, and the both ends of the said 2nd electrode, Between these both insulation coating bodies, between the said 1st electrode body and the said 2nd electrode body An electric insulating layer made of an air layer may be formed between the first electrode body and the second electrode body to be kept in an electric insulating state.

  When installing the lightning arrester structure on the upper part of the building, a support is provided on the upper part of the wall formed along the upper peripheral edge of the building with an interval in the length direction of the wall. In addition, these support bodies can be configured to support both end portions of the second electrode body.

  By setting it as such a structure, the said lightning arrester structure body can be installed using the existing wall in the said building.

  Then, when the lightning arrester component is supported by the support, a connection body made of a conductive material is provided on the support, and the end of the second electrode body is electrically connected to the connection body. It can be set as the structure connected in a state.

  Further, the connecting body is provided so as to penetrate the support body, and one end of the lightning arrester constituting body is connected to one end of the connecting body via the second electrode body, and the connection By connecting the other lightning arrester constituting body to the other end of the body via the second electrode body, a plurality of the lightning arrester constituting bodies can be arranged in series.

  By setting it as such a structure, the installation according to the shape of the upper part of the said building can be performed easily.

  On the other hand, the support can be formed of an electrically insulating material, or can be formed of a conductive material.

  In the former case, since the support functions as an electrical insulator, electrical insulation between the first electrode body and the second electrode body at both ends of the lightning arrester component is ensured.

  In the latter case, since it is assumed that the first electrode body and the second electrode body are electrically connected via the support body, the insulating cover is moved from the end of the first electrode body. It is necessary to extend outward and interpose between the first electrode body and the support body, or to separate the both by a predetermined distance.

In the latter case, the second electrode body can be grounded by grounding the support body when the support body is electrically connected to the second electrode body. .
Accordingly, since the grounding can be performed at the support portion of the second electrode body, the configuration for grounding is simplified.

  Further, the support is configured to include a fastening portion formed in an inverted U shape so as to straddle the inner and outer surfaces and the upper surface of the wall, and along the inner surface of the wall of the fastening portion. The position to be positioned may be longer than the position to be positioned outside the wall.

  By setting it as such a structure, the said support body can be easily mounted | worn to the said wall by mounting | wearing with the said fastening part so that it may cover the wall of the said building from the upper part.

  In addition, since the portion that is positioned inside the wall of the fastening portion is formed long, the fastening portion floats from the wall when the fastening portion tilts toward the outside of the wall. In this way, it is possible to prevent the support body and thus the apparatus from falling outside the building.

  According to the lightning suppression type lightning arrester of the present invention, it is possible to easily form a lightning protection region corresponding to various protected objects, particularly corresponding to a building.

1 is an external perspective view of a building to which a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded view of a main part, showing a first embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a connection state of a grounding wire according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown and it is a top view which shows the corner part of a building. It is the schematic for demonstrating the streamer generation | occurrence | production suppression effect | action in this invention. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the state which showed the 2nd Embodiment of this invention and decomposed | disassembled.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a lightning suppression type lightning arrester (hereinafter abbreviated as a lightning arrester) according to the present embodiment, and is installed on the waist wall D on the roof of the building B.

  The waist wall D is erected over the entire circumference so as to surround the peripheral edge of the roof of the building B, and the lightning arrester 1 of the present embodiment is installed on the top of the waist wall D. .

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the lightning arrester 1 has a second electrode body 3 formed in a rod shape with a conductive material, and an electrical insulation covering the second electrode body 3 over its entire length. A lightning arrester constituting body Z comprising an insulating covering 4 formed of a conductive material and a first electrode body 2 provided to cover the surface of the insulating covering 4 and formed in a tubular shape by a conductive material. Yes.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the lightning arrester structure Z is formed by concentrically laminating the insulating cover 4 and the first electrode body 2 around the second electrode body 3. It becomes the composition.

  The lightning arrester structure Z having the above-described configuration is installed on the upper portion of the waist wall D, with both ends thereof supported by the support 5 shown in FIG.

  Most of the support 5 is formed of an electrically insulating material, and the inverted U-shape that can be brought into contact with the inner surface, the outer surface, and the upper surface of the waist wall D across the upper end of the waist wall D. The fixing part 5a has a shape, a connecting part 5b screwed onto the fixing part 5a, and a cover 5c provided to cover the connecting part 5b.

  The connecting portion 5b is formed with a screw hole 6 extending substantially in the horizontal direction, and a connecting body 7 made of a conductive material is screwed into the screw hole 6 in a penetrating state.

  The support body 5 is configured such that the connecting portion 5b is screwed to the fastening portion 5a, the cover 5c is covered on the connecting portion 5b, and the connecting body 7 is screwed to the connecting portion 5b. As shown in FIG. 7, the fastening portion 5a is attached to the upper portion of the waist wall D by fitting it from above.

  Thus, in a state where the support body 5 is mounted on the waist wall D, the connection body 7 screwed to the connection portion 5b is held horizontally along the waist wall D, and The both end portions are held so as to protrude from the connecting portion 5b.

  On the other hand, at both ends of the second electrode body 3 of the lightning arrester constituting body Z, an engagement hole 3a is formed along the length direction, and this engagement hole 3a is connected to the end of the coupling body 7. As shown in FIG. 6, it is integrated with the support 5.

  Therefore, by attaching the support body 5 to both ends of the lightning arrester structure Z, the lightning arrester structure Z is fixed to the waist wall D at both ends thereof.

  Further, as described above, the connecting body 7 is provided so as to penetrate the support body 5, and one end of the lightning protection device structure Z is connected to one end of the connecting body 7 with the second electrode body. 3 and connecting the other lightning arrester structure Z to the other end of the coupling body 7 via the second electrode body 3, as shown in FIG. A plurality of lightning arrester components Z are connected in series.

  The number of the lightning arrester constructs Z to be connected is appropriately adjusted according to the length of the waist wall D.

  In this state, the second electrode bodies 3 of the adjacent lightning arrester constituting bodies Z are electrically connected to each other by the connecting body 7, but the first electrode bodies 2 are electrically connected to each other. Insulated state.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, there is provided a conductive cover 8 disposed across the support 5 and fitted on each of the adjacent first electrode bodies 2, as shown in FIG. Electrical conduction between the adjacent first electrode bodies 2 is ensured through a conductive cover 8.

  The second electrode body 3 is grounded as described above. As the installation method, the following configuration is adopted in the present embodiment.

That is, one end of the connection body 7 of the support body 5 that supports the end portion of the lightning arrester structure Z installed at the end is exposed.
As shown in FIG. 9, a ground wire 10 is connected to the exposed end using a clamp 9 or the like.

  On the other hand, the lightning arrester structure Z is installed so as to be substantially perpendicular at the corner of the waist wall D, in addition to being installed in a straight line.

  In such a corner portion, the adjacent lightning arrester structure Z is connected to a conductive state as shown in FIG.

  The connecting parts 5b of the support 5 are attached to both sides of the corners of the waist wall D, and a curved connecting body 7 is mounted between these connecting parts 5b. The cover 5c is covered with a curved cover, and the conductive cover 8 is bent in the same manner as the cover 5c.

  Accordingly, the first electrode bodies 2 of the adjacent lightning arrester constituting bodies Z arranged at right angles can be electrically connected to each other, and the second electrode bodies 3 can also be electrically connected to each other.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the fastening portion 5 a of the support 5 is formed with a long portion that is positioned inside the waist wall D.
This is because the balance of the center of gravity of the support body 5 is inclined to the inside of the building B, and when the support body 5 is inclined to the outside, the stop on the inner surface side of the waist wall D is set. This is a procedure for securing the engagement state between the wearing portion 5a and the waist wall D.

  The fastening portion 5a of the support 5 is attached to the waist wall D by fixing means such as bolts, screws, and adhesives (not shown).

  The first electrode body 2, the second electrode body 3, the coupling body 7, and the conductive cover 8 are formed of a conductive metal such as stainless steel, and the insulating covering body 4 and the support body 5 are For example, it is formed of a conductive synthetic resin such as cross-linked polyethylene or vinyl.

The first electrode body 2 is preferably formed of a stainless steel pipe having a wall thickness of 4 mm or more and a pipe diameter of 50 to 100 mm.
The second electrode body 3 may be a steel rod having a diameter of about 10 to 20 mm. However, when considering the weight reduction and bending strength of the second electrode body 3, it is preferable that the second electrode body 3 is formed of a stainless steel pipe having a wall thickness of 4 mm or more and a pipe diameter of 15 to 30 mm.
The lengths of the first electrode body 2 and the second electrode body 3 between the support bodies 5 depend on their own weight deflection and bending strength, but should be around 4 m from the viewpoint of conveyance and workability. Is preferred.

  Next, the lightning suppression function by the lightning arrester 1 of this embodiment installed in this way will be described with reference to the schematic diagram shown in FIG.

  When the thundercloud C in which negative charges are distributed on the cloud bottom approaches, the opposite charge (plus charge) is distributed on the surface of the ground G, and is attracted to the negative charges on the cloud bottom and is grounded. A positive charge also collects in the body 3.

On the other hand, the first electrode body 2 opposed to the second electrode body 3 via the insulating coating body 4 is negatively charged by the action of a capacitor.
Due to this action, an upward streamer is unlikely to occur in the first electrode body 2 and its periphery, and as a result, the occurrence of lightning strikes is suppressed.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a state where the surface of the first electrode body 2 is negatively charged.
Considering the process in which the first electrode body 2 is negatively charged, the following phenomenon is considered.
When the positive charge is attracted to the negative charge at the cloud bottom and is collected on the second electrode body 3, the positive charge is also distributed on the surface of the second electrode body 3. Then, as the negative charge is charged on the inner surface of the first electrode body 2, the positive charge is charged on the outer surface of the first electrode body 2. At this time, the atmosphere contains many negatively charged raindrops and fine particles, and the positive charge on the outer surface of the first electrode body 2 is neutralized because it is a small amount of positive charge. . The phenomenon in which the charge on the outer surface of the first electrode body 2 changes from positive to negative occurs in a very short time and is considered to be negative thereafter.
This action makes it difficult for upward streamers to occur in the first electrode body 2 and its surroundings, and to suppress the occurrence of lightning strikes.

  Thus, the region where the occurrence of lightning strike is suppressed by the first electrode body 2, that is, the lightning strike protection region, is a predetermined range on both sides of the first electrode body 2 in a plan view. It is formed in a strip shape extending in the vertical direction.

  Thus, the lightning strike protection region is formed based on the installation form of the first electrode body 2, in other words, the installation form of the lightning arrester structure Z.

  Therefore, by setting the installation form of the lightning arrester component Z corresponding to the object to be protected, it is possible to set an optimum lightning protection region for the object to be protected.

  The various shapes, dimensions, and the like of the constituent members shown in the embodiments are merely examples, and various changes can be made based on design requirements and the like.

  For example, in the said embodiment, although the example which formed the said support body 5 with the electrically insulating material was shown, it can replace with this and the said support body 5 can also be formed with an electroconductive material.

  In this case, since the support body 5 and the second electrode body 3 are electrically connected, in order to ensure electrical insulation between the second electrode body 3 and the first electrode body 2 It is necessary to ensure electrical insulation between the first electrode body 2 and the support body 5.

  As a coping method, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the insulating coating 4 is extended to a position covering the end of the first electrode 2, and the insulating coating 4 is provided to the first electrode 2. And the support 5.

  When the support 5 is formed of a conductive material such as stainless steel, the ground electrode 10 is grounded by connecting the ground wire 10 to the support 5 as shown in FIG. Can be done.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the insulating cover 4 is provided between both ends of the first electrode 2 and both ends of the second electrode 3. An electric insulating layer E made of an air layer may be formed between the first electrode body 2 and the second electrode body 3.

  By setting it as such a structure, the weight reduction of the said lightning arrester structure Z can be achieved.

  In addition, when the lightning arrester structure Z between the support bodies 5 is formed to be, for example, longer than 4 m, the insulating coating body 4 may have a structure provided with an interval in the length direction of the second electrode body 3. . By doing in this way, the bending by the dead weight of the 2nd electrode body 3 can be made small.

Further, as the insulating cover 4, for example, a linear or strip-shaped insulator formed of a synthetic resin or the like may be wound around the surface of the second electrode 3 in a spiral manner to form the insulating cover 4. In this case, by adjusting the winding pitch of the linear or belt-like insulator, a spiral space (electrical insulation) in which the insulator is not filled between the first electrode body 2 and the second electrode body 3 is adjusted. Layer) can be formed. This helical space can also reduce the weight.
Also, in high-rise buildings, it is not enough to prevent lightning strikes near the rooftop, and countermeasures against “side strikes” that hit the side of the building directly are necessary. In the present embodiment, the support body 5 is installed on the waist wall to prevent lightning strikes on the rooftop. For example, in a building with a height of 60 m or more, the support body 5 is projected horizontally from the ground. At a height of 60 m or more, by surrounding the building with this lightning arrester structure Z at intervals of at least 20 m in the height direction, it is possible to prevent a side lightning strike on the building.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 (Lightning strike suppression type) Lightning arrester 2 1st electrode body 3 2nd electrode body 3a Engagement hole 4 Insulation coating body 5 Support body 5a Fastening part 5b Connection part 5c Cover 6 Screw hole 7 Connection body 8 Conductive cover 9 Clamp 10 Grounding line B Building C Thundercloud D Waist wall E Electrical insulation layer G Earth Z Lightning arrester component

Claims (9)

  A lightning suppression type lightning arrester installed on the top of a building to suppress lightning strikes on the building, the second electrode body disposed along the top surface of the building, A lightning arrester structure comprising: an insulating covering formed of an electrically insulating material covering the two-electrode body; and a first electrode body provided to cover the surface of the insulating covering; A lightning suppression type lightning arrester characterized in that the body is grounded.   The insulating cover is provided between both end portions of the first electrode body and both end portions of the second electrode body, and the first electrode body and the second electrode body are disposed between the both insulating cover bodies. The lightning-suppressing type lightning arrester according to claim 1, wherein an electrical insulating layer made of an air layer is formed between the two.   Supports are provided on the upper part of the wall formed along the upper peripheral edge of the building with a space in the length direction of the wall, and both ends of the second electrode body are provided on these supports. The lightning-suppressing type lightning arrester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lightning arrester constituting body is disposed along the wall by being supported.   A connection body made of a conductive material is provided on the support body, and an end portion of the second electrode body is electrically connected to the connection body. The lightning-suppressing type lightning arrester according to claim 3, wherein the lightning-reducing lightning arrester is supported by a support.   The coupling body is provided through the support body, and one of the lightning arrester components is connected to one end of the coupling body via the second electrode body, and the coupling body 5. The other lightning arrester constituting body is connected to the other end via the second electrode body, so that a plurality of the lightning arrester constituting bodies are connected in series. Lightning suppression type lightning arrester described in 1.   The lightning-suppressing lightning arrester according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the support is made of an electrically insulating material.   The lightning strike suppression lightning arrester according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the support is made of a conductive material.   The lightning suppression lightning arrester according to claim 7, wherein a grounding wire is connected to the support. The support includes a fixing portion formed in an inverted U shape so as to straddle the inner and outer surfaces and the upper surface of the wall, and a portion of the fixing portion is positioned along the inner surface of the wall. The lightning-reducing lightning arrester according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the lightning-reducing lightning arrester is formed longer than a portion positioned outside the wall.