JP2013191394A - Lightning arrester device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem in which since a conventional deionization capacity type lightning arrester has a large top portion and is large in moment, there is a need for strong fitting to a support pipe and construction is complicated and dangerous.SOLUTION: There is provided a deionization capacity type lightning arrester device that has another conductive component arranged at a periphery of a conductive rod electrically connected to the ground without coming into direct contact with the rod. As an embodiment, there is available a method of forming a capacitive connection by using existing lightning conductor facilities as they are as the conductive rod connected to the ground in terms of direct current, and covering a periphery of the existing lightning conductor with a conductive metal cylinder or net with a spacer of a resin insulator interposed. Consequently, deionization capacity type lightning arrester facilities are obtained which have small increase in moment and are easy to construct and less dangerous. The principle is that since the metal cylinder or net arranged at the periphery of the conductive rod is insulated from the ground, the charging amount of the lightning arrester device is limited and a discharge from a thundercloud to the lightning arrester device hardly occurs.

Description

The invention relates to an apparatus for reducing the risk of occurrence of lightning damage by making it difficult to receive lightning.

There is a deionization capacity type lightning rod in which an insulator is sandwiched between two metal plates processed into a hemispherical shape, and the lower metal plate is electrically connected to the ground.
An outline is shown in FIG.

Compared to the needle-shaped lightning rod, the conventional deionization capacity type lightning rod has a large top and a large moment. Therefore, when attaching, a flange is welded to the upper end of the support tube, and the deionization capacity type lightning rod is firmly attached via the flange. Need to connect.
In other words, when an existing lightning rod is remodeled and a deionizing capacity type lightning rod is to be installed, it is necessary to cut the support tube once and weld the flange there.
Since lightning rods are generally installed at high places, if a part is dropped during welding work or is damaged from the flange due to wind, rain, or erosion after installation, a heavy deionizing capacity type lightning rod will be used. There is a risk of falling on people and objects and causing great damage.

First, a conductive rod is installed at a high place.
Next, the rod and the ground, or the rod and a structure having a large capacitance are electrically connected.
In addition, a deionizing capacity type lightning arrester is constructed by arranging other conductive parts around the bar so as not to directly touch the bar.
An existing lightning rod can be used as a conductive rod installed at a high location and connected to the ground in a direct current manner.
In addition, structures having a large capacitance include ships.
Examples of conductive parts covering the periphery of the rod include a metal such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper, or a conductive resin in the shape of a cylinder, a plate, a punching plate, a cage, a wire, or the like.

Since no flanges are used, there is no need to cut or weld the existing lightning rod support tube, and installation to existing equipment can be done easily and safely.
Since the center of gravity is high and there is no unstable top, it is only necessary to slightly increase the diameter of the existing lightning rod, so there is little increase in wind receiving area and moment. In other words, since the load on the support tube is small, it can be safely installed for a long time in high places exposed to strong winds.

The components of Example 1 and the existing lightning rod are shown. It is sectional drawing of the components of Example 3, and the existing lightning rod. It is sectional drawing of background art. It is an image figure of the charge in the conventional lightning rod simple substance. It is an image figure of the charge of a deionization capacity type lightning arrester. The components of Example 4 and the existing lightning rod are shown.

It is a deionization capacity lightning arrester that is small and lightweight while maintaining capacitive coupling.
Example 1 is shown in FIG.
The lightning arrester of the present invention is mainly composed of a conductive rod connected in direct current to the ground, a conductive component covering the rod, and an insulating spacer that secures the distance between the two.
The existing lightning rod equipment is used as a conductive rod that is connected to the ground in a direct current, and the existing lightning rod is covered with a conductive metal tube or net with a resin spacer in between. Get capacitive coupling.
At this time, since the conductive parts covering the lightning rods do not allow electrons to enter and leave the ground, the amount of charge is limited.
In the case of a conventional lightning rod alone, the charge having the opposite charge to the ground surface of the thundercloud concentrates on the top of the lightning rod according to the charge amount of the thundercloud due to the entry and exit of electrons with the ground.
In other words, a charge having the opposite charge according to the charge amount of the thundercloud is induced in the lightning rod and concentrated at the upper end near the thundercloud.
FIG. 4 shows an image of charging with a conventional lightning rod alone.
For example, when the ground surface of a thundercloud is negatively charged, electrons exit from the top of the lightning rod to the ground, and the top of the lightning rod is extremely depleted of electrons and becomes positively charged.
For this reason, the potential difference between the ground surface of the thundercloud and the top end of the lightning rod increases, and the risk of lightning strikes on the lightning rod becomes extremely high.
Next, FIG. 5 shows an image of charging in the deionization capacity type lightning arrester. When a lightning rod is covered with a conductive part, the electrons on the inner surface of the conductive part, that is, the surface on the lightning rod side, are attracted by the positive charge of the lightning rod, so that the electrons originally possessed by the conductive part, that is, the negative charge, Get together.
At the same time, electrons are lost from the outer surface of the conductive part, that is, the surface on the thundercloud side, so the surface on the thundercloud side of the conductive part is positively charged.
In this way, in the deionization capacity type lightning arrester, the external surface of the conductive component is positively charged is the same as the conventional lightning rod is positively charged.
However, since the conductive parts that cover the lightning rod are insulated from the ground, the amount of charge is limited.
In a deionization capacity type lightning arrester, a conductive part cannot be charged beyond the amount of electrons that the part originally has.
That is, even if the internal lightning rod is positively charged, electrons that can balance the positive charge of the lightning rod do not collect on the inner surface of the conductive part that covers it.
At the same time, no positive charge as much as the lightning rod is charged appears on the outer surface of the conductive part.
Therefore, the potential difference between the ground surface of the thundercloud and the outer surface of the conductive part does not increase so much, and the risk of lightning strikes on the conductive part is reduced.
The above is the state of charging in the deionization capacity type lightning arrester, and the reason why the lightning protection effect is superior to the conventional lightning rod.
In the first embodiment, a lid made of an insulating resin is placed on the upper portion to serve as a spacer so that the metal tube does not come in direct contact with the lightning rod and to prevent intrusion of rainwater and dust.
A spacer made of an insulating resin is attached to the lower part as a pedestal. A metal or resin band is attached under the lower pedestal to support the pedestal from below to prevent the pedestal and the metal cylinder on the pedestal from falling.
The purpose of preventing rainwater and dust from entering is to prevent the penetration of these elements from lowering the insulation resistance between the central rod and the surrounding metal parts, or shorting out, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the lightning arrester. .

As Example 2, there is a method using an insulating heat-shrinkable tube as a spacer.
In other words, an insulating heat-shrinkable tube is placed on a conductive rod, and the spacer is closely attached to the conductive rod.
As a result, the distance between the conductive rod and the metal parts arranged around it can be narrowed, and rainwater and dust can be prevented from entering between the existing lightning rod and the heat-shrinkable tube.
For this reason, it is possible to use a metal tube having a small diameter and a small thickness.
In addition, since there is no risk of a decrease in insulation resistance due to the ingress of rainwater or dust, there is no risk of performance degradation even if a punched metal tube is used or an elongated metal part is placed around the spacer.
The distance between the central conductive bar and the surrounding conductive parts is shortened, so that the electrostatic capacity can be increased and the lightning protection can be improved, and the use of thin, punched conductive parts can be further improved. Can be reduced in weight and size.
A cross-sectional view of Example 3 is shown in FIG.
In the third embodiment, an insulating resin spacer is housed in a metal cylinder.
Because it is an integrated type, it only needs to be placed on top of an existing lightning rod or other conductive rod for installation, and construction can be completed without using any tools.
The metal cylinder in FIG. 2 is an example using a pipe with an open upper end and a lower end because it is easy to manufacture. However, a metal cylinder with an upper end is closed from the viewpoint of reliably preventing intrusion of rainwater and dust. It is better to use
Example 4 is shown in FIG.
In this example, the metal cylinder of Example 1 is cut into small pieces and sandwiched between insulators.
In this embodiment, by reducing the volume per metal cylinder, the amount of charge on the surface of the metal cylinder is further limited, and it is difficult to generate a potential difference between the thundercloud and the surface of the metal cylinder.

1 is an insulating resin lid that acts as a spacer to prevent the metal tube from touching the existing lightning rod, and prevents rainwater and dust from entering, ensuring that the insulation between the metal tube and the lightning rod is maintained. To do.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a conductive metal cylinder, which forms an electrostatic capacitive coupling with an existing lightning rod.
Insulating a conductive metal tube from the ground, cutting off electrons from and to the ground, limiting the amount of charge in the metal tube, and keeping the potential difference between the thundercloud and the metal tube small, thereby improving the effect of lightning protection .
Reference numeral 3 denotes an insulating resin base, which serves as a spacer so that the metal cylinder does not touch the existing lightning rod.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a band attached to an existing lightning rod, and a metal cylinder is prevented from falling by supporting a pedestal.
5 is an existing lightning rod.
Reference numeral 6 denotes an insulating resin tube having a closed upper end, which is used by covering an existing lightning rod. It serves as a metal tube drop prevention, resin tube drop prevention, lid, and spacer.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a top electrode processed into a hemispherical shape.
Reference numeral 8 denotes an insulating spacer.
Reference numeral 9 denotes a conductive pipe that supports the bottom electrode processed into a hemispherical shape.
Reference numeral 10 denotes a conductive flange on the electrode side, and serves to connect to the support tube so as to face the flange on the support tube side.
11 is a thundercloud in which the ground side is negatively charged.
12 is a lightning rod that is electrically connected to the ground, and the positive charge induced by the negative charge on the ground side of the thundercloud is concentrated at the top.
13 is the earth.
14 is a metal tube or net insulated from the ground, which is installed to cover the conventional lightning rod, and constitutes a deionizing capacity type lightning arrester.

Claims (1)

A deionization capacity type lightning arrester that is arranged around a conductive rod that is electrically connected to the earth or a structure having electrostatic capacity so that another conductive component is not in direct contact therewith.