JP6126893B2 - Shredder dust processing apparatus and processing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for effectively using shredder dust (hereinafter referred to as “SR”) generated when an industrial shredder crushes waste home appliances and waste automobiles as a cement kiln burner fuel or the like.

  SR refers to a mixture of debris that is discarded as industrial waste after crushing waste home appliances and waste automobiles with an industrial shredder and collecting metal and the like. The composition varies depending on the shredder process technology / facility and the state of waste pre-sorting. Therefore, the main constituent phases are resin, urethane foam, fibers, rubber, etc., and some metals and glass. Recycling is required for SRs that need to be disposed of in managed landfills. Recycling technology is being developed mainly in both the thermal and chemical fields, and the use as a fuel substitute is also being considered in the cement industry. Has been.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes that SR including a large crushed piece having a maximum diameter of about 100 mm is difficult to burn in a cement kiln burner, and is therefore preferably put directly into the cement kiln kiln bottom. Has been.

  However, in order to promote SR recycling in the cement industry, it is necessary not only to directly input SR into the bottom of the cement kiln kiln as described in Patent Document 1, but also to promote its use as a kiln burner fuel. is there.

  In order to use SR as fuel for a kiln burner, it is essential to reduce the SR diameter by crushing as pretreatment. Therefore, in Patent Document 2, SR crushing processing is performed in multiple stages using a trommel, a primary crusher, a foreign substance removing device, a secondary crusher, and the like, and the crushing by the secondary crusher that is the final crushing stage is performed. Before, the process of removing foreign materials, such as metals, is introduced for the maintenance of the secondary crusher which is fine crushing equipment.

JP 2009-242146 A JP 2012-153889 A

  However, in the method of fuelizing combustible waste described in Patent Document 2, foreign matter that cannot be removed even in the foreign matter removing process such as metals remains, so that the blade of the fine crushing equipment is worn, worn, or damaged, This is an issue for stable recycling.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to effectively use SR as a fuel for a cement kiln burner stably at low cost without causing wear of a blade of a fine crushing facility.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a device for producing a fuel for a cement kiln burner from SR, comprising an extrusion crushing means for extruding and crushing SR having a water content of 15 to 50% by weight. To do.

  According to the present invention, since the extrusion crushing means is used for the fine crushing, the maintenance of the cutter of the crusher in the fine crushing process becomes unnecessary, the efficiency of the SR pretreatment process and the maintenance cost for the pretreatment equipment are reduced. Is possible. Moreover, by adding water, it is possible to prevent the formation of pellets with poor flammability by the extrusion crushing means.

  The extrusion crushing means can be an extrusion molding machine, and the thickness of the die of the extrusion molding machine is 1.5 times or more the hole diameter of the insertion hole through which the extrusion crushing product generated by the extrusion crushing passes the die. It can be 12 times or less. The purpose of use of the extruder in the present invention is fine crushing, and it is not preferable that the extruded crushed material is formed into pellets with poor flammability. Therefore, the insertion hole is inserted by reducing the thickness of the die. The time during which pressure is applied to SR can be shortened to prevent the formation of pellets.

  Further, on the upstream side of the extrusion crushing means, a striking crushing means for striking and crushing SR with an impact blade, and sieving the crushed SR with a sieve according to the particle size, and having a predetermined particle diameter or less passing through the sieve Sieving means for supplying the SR to the extrusion crushing means. Thereby, SR can be crushed and coarse or hard materials in SR can be crushed.

  Between the sieving means and the extrusion crushing means, there can be provided a wet classification means for separating SR having a predetermined particle size or less by specific gravity and supplying the SR floated by the separation to the extrusion crushing means. . Thereby, even if it does not supply water to the said extrusion crushing means, SR will contain a water | moisture content and it can prevent that a pellet arises by an extrusion crushing means.

  A crushing means for crushing the SR discharged from the extrusion crushing means can be provided downstream of the extrusion crushing means. Thereby, even if pellets are formed by the extrusion crushing means, they can be crushed again to form a fluff shape.

  Further, the present invention is an SR treatment method, in which the SR is blown and crushed, the blown and crushed SR is sieved, water is added to the SR after the sieving, the extrusion is crushed, and the extrusion is crushed. SR is crushed, and the crushed SR is used as a fuel for a cement kiln burner.

  According to the present invention, when the SR is made into fuel for a cement kiln burner, the use of the extrusion crushing means for fine crushing eliminates the need for maintenance of the cutter of the crusher in the fine crushing process, and the SR pretreatment process. Efficiency and reduction of maintenance costs for pretreatment equipment.

  As described above, according to the SR processing apparatus and processing method of the present invention, the SR can be effectively used as a fuel for a cement kiln burner stably at low cost without causing wear of the blade of the fine crushing equipment. Is possible.

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an SR processing apparatus according to the present invention.

  Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an SR processing apparatus according to the present invention. This SR processing apparatus 1 crushes an SR 2 supplied from a receiving apparatus 2 including an accepting apparatus 2 including a hopper for receiving SR. An impact crusher 3, a trommel 4 for removing coarse material from the crushed material C by the impact crusher 3, a water tank 5 for wet-classifying the sieve passage S that has passed through the sieve of the trommel 4, and wet classification in the water tank 5 Extruder 6 that extrudes and crushes the lightened weight L, roll crusher 7 that crushes crushed material P discharged from the extruder 6, and foreign matter in the crushed material Q discharged from the roll crusher 7 And a magnetic separator 8 for removing the metal M.

  The impact crusher 3 is used as a hit crushing means, and is provided for crushing coarse and hard objects in the SR received by the receiving device 2 with an impact blade and crushing the SR. This crushing and crushing are performed in order to obtain a fuel with good combustibility that does not contain foreign substances. Moreover, the impact crusher 3 crushes and crushes the residue R on the sieve having a particle diameter of 100 mm or more returned from the trommel 4 again. Instead of the impact crusher 3, a hammer mark crusher or the like can be used.

  The trommel 4 serving as a sieving means includes a 100 mm screen and is provided to separate the SR into a sieve passage S having a particle size of 100 mm or less and a residue R on the sieve. This sieving is performed in order to obtain a flammable fuel that does not contain foreign substances. An inclined vibration separator or the like can be used instead of the trommel.

  The water tank 5 which is a wet classifying means is provided for water hydration and separating the sieve passage S supplied from the trommel 4 into a heavy material H and a light material L by specific gravity.

  An extrusion molding machine 6 that is an extrusion crushing means is provided for extruding and crushing the lightweight object L separated from the water tank 5. The extrusion molding machine can use a general apparatus used for molding RDF or the like such as a flat die method, a ring die method, a screw method, etc. Among them, a flat die method having a material crushing function by a stone mortar method is preferable.

  Here, in the present invention, the purpose of use of the extrusion molding machine is fine crushing, and it is not preferable that the fuel substitute F is formed into a pellet in the subsequent process. Therefore, the thickness of the die can be reduced or the back of the die can be seated. By carrying out boring or taper processing, the time during which pressure is applied to the lightweight object L is shortened so that pellets are not formed.

  The preferable thickness of the die is 1.5 to 12 times, preferably 3.5 to 7 times the hole diameter of the insertion hole through which the lightweight object L passes the die. Moreover, in order to avoid the temperature rise by the frictional heat at the time of extrusion, a mechanism for cooling the die, for example, an air cooling mechanism can be added. The lightweight object L is press-fitted into the insertion hole of the extrusion molding machine 6, and the lightweight object L is crushed by crushing or tearing action at that time. The diameter of the insertion hole of the extruder is 10 to 40 mm, more preferably 15 to 30 mm so that the size of the cement kiln burner is optimal as a result of this crushing. Therefore, the thickness of the die is 15 to 480 mm, more preferably 52.5 to 280 mm. The roller and the die are preferably formed of a steel material having high wear resistance. Specifically, martensite, bainite, and the like are preferable, and those quenched are more preferable from the viewpoint of wear resistance.

  A roll crusher 7 serving as a crushing means is provided for crushing the crushed material P discharged from the extruder 6. In the extruder 6, low-strength pellets are slightly produced, so that they need to be crushed into a fluff shape. By the extruder 6, the fuel substitute F becomes a fluff or a low-strength pellet. When a pellet is present, the roll crusher 7 makes the entire amount of the crushed material P fluffy. As a crusher, a hard crusher, an impact crusher, etc. can be used in addition to a roll crusher.

  The magnetic separator 8 is provided to remove the metal M in the crushed material Q discharged from the roll crusher 7.

  Next, the operation of the SR processing apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  After the SR is received by the receiving device 2, it is supplied to the impact crusher 3. In the impact crusher 3, coarse and hard materials in SR are crushed and SR is crushed.

  The crushed material C discharged from the impact crusher 3 is supplied to the trommel 4 and is separated into the on-screen residue R and the sieve passing material S depending on the particle size of the crushed material C. The residue R on the sieve is put into the kiln bottom of the cement kiln and used as a cement manufacturing fuel, or returned to the impact crusher 3 and coarsely crushed and crushed again. The sieve passing portion S is supplied to the water tank 5.

  The sieve passage S separated by the trommel 4 is supplied to the water tank 5 and separated into a heavy material H and a light material L by a water tank. The heavy object H is mainly resin, metal, earth and sand, and glass, and the light object L is plastic or the like. The heavy material H that settles in the water tank 5 is put into the kiln bottom of the cement kiln. The lightweight object L that floats in the water tank 5 is put into the extruder 6. In addition, 10 to 50 weight% is preferable and, as for the moisture content rate of the lightweight material L, 15 to 40 weight% is more preferable.

  The lightweight object L put into the extruder 6 is extruded and crushed. The temperature of the lightweight object L in the extruder 6 is set to 150 ° C. or less in order to avoid fusion between the lightweight objects L. Further, when wet classification in the water tank 5 is not performed, or when the moisture content of the lightweight material L is reduced by drying or the like after wet classification, a temperature increase due to frictional heat during extrusion in the extruder 6 is avoided. For this reason, water W is added during the transportation to the extrusion molding machine 6 or in the extrusion molding machine 6 to perform the hydration treatment. The hydration treatment is preferably mist spraying. The crushed material P discharged from the extruder 6 is squeezed to have a moisture content of 10% or less. The moisture squeezed from the light weight L supplied to the extrusion molding machine 6 is returned to the water tank 5.

  The crushed material P discharged from the extrusion molding machine 6 is supplied to the roll crusher 7 to make the crushed material P in the form of low-strength pellets into a fluff shape. In the roll crusher 7, the moisture content of the crushed material P supplied from the extruder 6 is adjusted to about 5% suitable for blowing with a cement kiln burner.

Since the crushed material Q discharged from the roll crusher 7 may contain a metal M, the metal M is removed by the magnetic separator 8 as necessary. The fuel substitute F from which the metal M has been removed is blown into the cement kiln burner before the cement kiln kiln with an air amount of 0.4 to 3.0 Nm ³ / kg. If separation of the metal M and the fuel substitute F occurs, the crushed material Q discharged from the roll crusher 7 can be directly used as the fuel for the cement kiln burner.

As described above, in this embodiment, since the extrusion crushing means is used for fine crushing, the maintenance of the crusher blade in the fine crushing process becomes unnecessary, the efficiency of the SR pretreatment process and the pretreatment equipment are reduced. Maintenance costs can be reduced.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 SR processing apparatus 2 Receiving apparatus 3 Impact crusher 4 Trommel 5 Water tank 6 Extruder 7 Roll crusher 8 Magnetic separator C Crushed material F Fuel substitute H Heavy material L Lightweight material M Metal P Crushed material Q Crushed material R Residue on sieve Minute S Screen passage W Water

Claims (7)

An apparatus for producing a fuel for a cement kiln burner from shredder dust, comprising an extrusion crushing means for extruding and crushing shredder dust having a water content of 15 to 50% by weight .   The shredder dust processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion crushing means is an extrusion molding machine.   The thickness of the die of the extrusion molding machine is 1.5 times or more and 12 times or less with respect to the hole diameter of the insertion hole through which the extruded crushed material generated by the extrusion crushed die is inserted. The shredder dust processing apparatus described in 1. On the upstream side of the extrusion crushing means, a hitting crushing means for hitting and crushing shredder dust with an impact blade,
The pulverized shredder dust is sieved with a sieve according to particle size, and sieving means for supplying shredder dust having a predetermined particle size or less that has passed through the sieve to the extrusion crushing means is provided. Item 4. The shredder dust treatment apparatus according to Item 1, 2 or 3.   A wet classification means is provided between the sieving means and the extrusion crushing means for separating the shredder dust having a predetermined particle size or less by specific gravity and supplying the shredder dust floating by the separation to the extrusion crushing means. The shredder dust processing apparatus according to claim 4.   The shredder dust processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a crushing unit that crushes the shredder dust discharged from the extrusion crushing unit on a downstream side of the extrusion crushing unit. Blow shredder dust,
Sieving the shredded shredded dust,
Water is added to the shredder dust after the sieving and extruded and crushed,
Crushing the shredder dust that has been crushed by extrusion,
A method for treating shredder dust, wherein the shredded dust is used as fuel for a cement kiln burner.

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