JP2009233494A - Method and system for disposing of shredder dust - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and its system of disposing of shredder dust, both being designed to dispose of the dust more efficiently than the conventional ones, when disposing of the dust in a gasification melting furnace. <P>SOLUTION: This method of disposing of shredder dust includes: (a) a process (S1) for sifting shredder dust 10 into at least three different sizes with the help of a sifting means 20 equipped with screens of different mesh sizes; (b) a process (S5) for disposing of the shredder dust 10a of the smallest size in the gasification melting furnace; (c) a process (S5) for removing ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals (S2 and S3) from the shredder dust 10b having passed through a screen of a larger mesh size than the smallest mesh size, then, crushing (S4) the shredder dust 10b into almost the same size as the shredder dust 10a of the smallest size, and then disposing of the shredder dust 10b in the gasification melting furnace; and (d) a process for removing shredder dust 10f of the size not passing through the screens of the sifting means 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and system for processing shredder dust, and more particularly, a shredder dust for efficiently processing shredder dust obtained by pulverizing industrial waste such as automobiles, motorcycles and electrical appliances in a gasification melting furnace. The present invention relates to a processing method and its system.

  Conventionally, industrial wastes such as automobiles, motorcycles, and electrical appliances have been easily separated and recycled for easily separable parts, etc., although those that are difficult to sort contain valuable metals. Most of them were disposed of or landfilled. For example, in the case of a scrapped vehicle, the following processing has been performed. First, pick out what can be used as a used part such as an engine, or something that can be separated. Then, the waste car waste remaining at the end is finely crushed to remove metals, and the remaining one becomes shredder dust called ASR (Automobile Shredder Residue). The automobile recycling rate is about 80% by weight, and the remaining 20% is said to be ASR. Since ASR is mixed with various materials such as plastic, it is difficult to separate, so the processing cost increases. For this reason, since most ASR was disposed of in landfills, it was required to reduce the amount of ASR and to collect and recycle valuable metals contained therein.

  Therefore, the applicant of the present application has applied for a patent to provide a method for recovering valuable metals with good quality by suppressing the generation of harmful substances and preventing metal oxidation while simultaneously processing both shredder dust and metal soot. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-302748 (Patent Document 1)). Furthermore, a patent application (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-41436 (Patent Document 2)) was filed for the improved technology. Specifically, the method is such that industrial wastes such as copper slag and shredder dust are put into a fluidized bed gasifier, and air is blown from the lower part of the gasifier to form a fluidized bed to produce industrial fluid such as shredder dust. Gasification of waste, collecting the first incombustible material containing valuable metals from the gasification furnace, and in the gasification furnace with the second incombustible material containing valuable metals rising to the melting furnace by air from the lower part of the gasification furnace The generated pyrolysis gas is charged while swirling, and slag containing valuable metals is generated in a melting furnace, separated and recovered.

  On the other hand, shredder dust is mainly composed of combustible materials such as petroleum and wood, and its calorific value is about 7,000 to 10,000 Kcal / kg. If the problem caused by the above problem is solved, a process for reducing the volume of the shredder dust and solidifying it so as to be easily transported and processed has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-1138 (Patent Document). 3)). Therefore, in patent document 3, the rod mill or ball mill which grinds shredder dust, the iron separation means which isolate | separates iron from the 1st processed material processed with the rod mill or the ball mill, and isolation | separation of iron from a 1st processed material There is disclosed a shredder dust pre-treatment device for solidifying shredder dust, characterized by having a non-ferrous separation means for separating non-ferrous metals from the second treated product.

  Similarly, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-244838 discloses a method for turning shredder dust into resources. Specifically, all the particles of the shredder dust are screened to a predetermined particle size or less, and the sized shredder dust is floated upward in a zigzag air sorter such as fiber, light plastic, rubber, etc. Heavy rubber and plastic, heavy dust such as glass, and metals such as iron and non-ferrous metals are dropped and sorted, and the fallen heavy dust and metals are separated into metals and non-metals using an eddy current sorter. Separately, the collected light dust is collected by a cyclone, and the collected light dust is reduced and molded as a fuel compressed and solidified by a volume reduction molding machine.

JP-A-11-302748 JP 2001-41436 A JP-A-8-1138 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-244838

  Conventionally, when processing shredder dust in a gasification melting furnace, first, irons are removed by a magnetic separator, further non-ferrous metals are removed by manual sorting, and the shredder from which irons and non-ferrous metals are removed. All the dust was put into a pulverizer and pulverized to a predetermined size, and then processed by a gasification melting furnace.

  However, since shredder dust contains materials with comparatively small bulk specific gravity such as foamed urethane, synthetic resin, fiber, etc., the amount of pulverization per hour in the pulverizer is very efficient when considered on a weight basis. I could not say. Since shredder dust contains a considerable amount of finely pulverized dust, if only a large size is separately pulverized, the pulverization efficiency will be improved compared to the conventional method where the entire amount is crushed, As a result, the weight per hour of the shredder dust that can be put into the gasification melting furnace also increases.

  Accordingly, the present invention relates to a shredder dust processing method for processing shredder dust more efficiently than before when processing shredder dust obtained by pulverizing industrial waste such as automobiles, motorcycles, and electrical appliances with a gasification melting furnace. And its system.

  Here, Cited Document 4 is considered to be common to the present invention as described later in that the shredder dust is subjected to the trommel treatment and the shredder dust having a large size is crushed by the crusher. After sizing the shredder dust with a small size shredder dust screened by the trommel process, the ferrous and non-ferrous metals are sorted, but in the present invention, such merging is not performed. The sorting of irons and non-ferrous metals is different in that it is performed on shredder dust of a predetermined size or more that has been screened by the trommel process, and the crushing process is carried out after sorting the irons and non-ferrous metals.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention according to claim 1 is directed to a shredder dust processing method for efficiently processing shredder dust obtained by pulverizing industrial waste in a gasification melting furnace. A step of sieving into at least three kinds of sizes by means of sieving with different meshes, and a step of treating shredder dust that has passed through the smallest mesh among the meshes of different sizes in a gasification melting furnace And shredder dust that has passed through the smallest size mesh in the sieving means by removing the ferrous and non-ferrous materials from the shredder dust that has been screened through a mesh larger than the minimum size mesh. After crushing to a size similar to that of It is configured and the step of removing the size of shredder dust that does not pass through the shoe, characterized by comprising.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention described in claim 2 is the processing method for shredder dust according to claim 1, wherein the shredder dust having a size not passing through the mesh of the sieving means is passed through the mesh of the minimum size. The method further includes a step of processing in a gasification melting furnace after pulverizing the shredder dust to the same size as the shredder dust.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention described in claim 3 is the shredder dust processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sieving means is a trommel type rotary sieve and has a minimum mesh size. 40 mm, the next largest mesh size is 240 mm, whereby the shredder dust is screened to a size of 40 mm or less, 40-240 mm, 240 mm or more.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention according to claim 4 is a shredder dust treatment system for efficiently treating shredder dust obtained by pulverizing industrial waste by a gasification melting furnace. A sieving means comprising sieving means having different sizes so that sieving can be carried out into at least three sizes, and a mesh having a size larger than the smallest size mesh among the different size meshes. An iron removal line that removes iron from the shredder dust that has been passed through and screened, a non-ferrous metal removal line that further removes non-ferrous metals from the shredder dust from which iron has been removed, and iron and non-ferrous metals. Remove the shredder dust that has been removed and the size of the shredder dust that does not pass through the mesh of the sieving means. Pulverizing means for pulverizing to the same size as the shredder dust that passed through the mesh, and the shredder dust passing through the smallest size mesh and the shredder dust sized to the same size into the gasification melting furnace It is characterized by comprising a charging means.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention according to claim 5 is the shredder dust processing system according to claim 4, wherein the sieving means is a trommel-type rotary sieve, and the minimum mesh size is 40 mm, The next largest mesh size is 240 mm, whereby the shredder dust is screened to a size of 40 mm or less, 40-240 mm, 240 mm or more.

  According to the processing method and system for shredder dust according to the present invention, the shredder dust below the minimum mesh size is directly obtained by sieving with at least three mesh sizes instead of pulverizing all of the shredder dust with a pulverizer. Since it was put into a gasification melting furnace and processed, and shredder dust with a mesh size larger than that was separately pulverized, it was possible to improve the pulverization efficiency, and consequently a shredder that could be processed in the gasification melting furnace There is an effect that the processing amount of dust can be increased by 10 to 20% compared to the conventional method.

  Hereinafter, a processing method and system for shredder dust according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a shredder dust processing system according to the present invention. First, a shredder dust processing system according to the present invention will be described, and then a shredder dust processing method according to the present invention will be described.

  The shredder dust processing system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is roughly composed of a sieving device 20 for sieving the shredder dust 10, an iron removal line 3 for removing irons, and a nonferrous metal for removing nonferrous metals. A removal line 5, a pulverizer 7 as pulverizing means, and a charging device 9 as charging means for charging into a gasification melting furnace are provided. The sieving device 20 includes two different sizes of meshes. The shredder dust 10a passes through the shredder dust 10 through the smallest size mesh, and the shredder passes through the larger size mesh. The dust is classified into three kinds of sizes, that is, the dust 10b and the shredder dust 10f having a size that does not pass through each mesh of the sieving device 20. In addition, although the sieving apparatus 20 of the present embodiment has two types of mesh sizes, the mesh size is not particularly limited to two types.

  Here, the shredder dust 10 is obtained by crushing industrial waste such as discarded automobiles with a shredder as described above, and includes foamed urethane, synthetic resin, fibers, metals, glass, wire harnesses, and the like. . The shredder dust processing system 1 includes a platform 51 that receives a truck 50 loaded with such shredder dust 10 and a hopper 60 that puts the shredder dust 10 into the shredder dust processing system 1. Between the hopper 60 and the sieving device 20, a conveyor 71 for conveying the shredder dust 10 put into the hopper 60 to the sieving device 20 is disposed. In the present embodiment, the conveyor 71 is a belt conveyor. However, as long as the shredder dust 10 can be conveyed, the conveyor 71 is not limited to the belt conveyor, and various conveyors such as a chain conveyor can be employed.

  As described above, the sieving device 20 is a device that sifts the shredder dust 10 put into the hopper 60 according to its size. Specifically, it is a so-called trommel type sieving apparatus as shown in FIG. That is, the sieving device 20 includes a cylindrical rotating drum 21 that is rotatably arranged with an inclination angle of about 3 to 10 °, and has a loading port 26 provided at one end thereof and the other end. A discharge port 27 is provided on the side. The peripheral surface of the rotary drum 21 has a large number of holes 23a having a minimum mesh size on the inlet 26 side, and a large number of holes 23b having a mesh size larger than the minimum mesh size on the outlet 27 side. It is installed. A hopper 29a is arranged on the lower side of the rotary drum 21 in the range where the hole 23a having the smallest mesh size is formed, and the rotary drum 21 in the range where the hole 23b having a larger mesh size is formed. A hopper 29b is disposed on the lower side of the hopper, and a hopper 29c is disposed on the lower side of the discharge port 27. Thereby, when the shredder dust 10 is thrown in from the inlet 26 and the rotating drum 21 is rotated, the shredder dust 10a having a mesh size or less of the hole 23a falls through the hole 23a. They are collected by the hopper 29a to become the shredder dust 10a. The shredder dust 10a is directly charged into a gasification melting furnace (not shown) by the charging device 9 and processed. The shredder dust 10a can also be configured so as to be introduced into a gasification melting furnace (not shown) after iron is removed by a hanging magnet (not shown).

  On the other hand, the shredder dust that has not passed through the hole 23a is further conveyed in the direction of the discharge port 27, and shredder dust having a size that passes through the mesh size of the hole 23b is dropped into the hopper 29b and collected. It becomes. Then, the shredder dust 10b collected in the hopper 29b is transported to the iron removal line 3. On the other hand, the large-size shredder dust 10f that has not passed through any of the holes 23a and 23b is discharged from the discharge port 27 provided on the opposite end surface of the rotary drum 21 and collected in the hopper 29c.

The shape of the holes 23a and 23b of the sieving device 20 may be either circular or square, but the maximum size of the mesh size of the hole 23a is 40 mm, and the size of the hole 23b is 240 mm. , Thereby screening the shredder dust to a size of 40 mm or less, 40-240 mm, 240 mm or more.
Here, when the shredder dust 10 of 40 mm or less and the shredder dust 10 of 40 mm or more are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 (7: 3 by volume), the shredder dust 10 of 40 mm or less is obtained. The bulk specific gravity could be increased from 0.255 to 0.344, and the bulk specific gravity of the shredder dust 10 of 40 mm or more was reduced from 0.255 to 0.202. This is because the fine shredder dust 10 is removed and only the large shredder dust 10 is separated. As a result, the shredder dust 10 having a size of 40 mm or less that can be processed in the gasification melting path is applied to the pulverizer 7. Therefore, only the shredder dust 10 having a larger size is processed by the pulverizer 7. Therefore, the processing efficiency in the pulverizer 7 is improved as compared with the conventional case. The processing amount can be increased by about 10 to 20% with a spheroid having a size of 40 mm.

  Next, the shredder dust processing system 1 includes an iron removal line 3 for removing iron from the shredder dust 10 separated by the sieving device 20, and the iron removal line 3 is a hole in the sieving device 20. Iron is removed by the magnetic separator 3a while the shredder dust 10b separated by the section 23b is conveyed by the conveyor 72. Here, the magnetic separator 3a collects iron contained in the shredder dust 10b by a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. In this embodiment, iron is removed by applying the shredder dust 10b conveyed by the belt conveyor 72 to the magnetic separator 3a in the middle thereof.

  Next, the shredder dust processing system 1 includes a vibration sieve 4 that sifts by vibration. The shredder dust 10c from which irons have been removed by the magnetic separator 3a is further made of rubber, resin, or the like by the vibration sieve 4. Dust is separated. The vibration sieve 4 guides dust such as relatively light rubber or resin contained in the shredder dust 10b placed on the vibrating table by finely vibrating the vibrating table with a slight inclination, Dust containing non-ferrous metals such as copper is guided upstream and separated. As a result, it is possible to perform separation with higher quality.

  Next, the shredder dust processing system 1 includes a non-ferrous metal removal line 5, and further removes non-ferrous metals from the shredder dust 10c from which iron has been removed. For removal of non-ferrous metals, for example, by processing the shredder dust 10c from which irons have been removed with a rod mill or ball mill (not shown), the resin and glass are finely pulverized, and the area of the metals increases due to their ductility and malleability. Therefore, it can be performed by separating it with a sieve (not shown). Moreover, instead of treating them with a sieve, they can be sorted manually, and further, nonferrous metals can be separated and removed directly from the shredder dust 10c from which irons have been removed.

  Next, the shredder dust treatment system 1 includes a crusher 7 that crushes the shredder dust 10d from which irons and non-ferrous metals have been removed, and the iron and non-ferrous metals are removed by the non-ferrous metal removal line 5. The shredder dust 10d is further finely pulverized and pulverized to approximately the same size as the shredder dust 10a having a size passing through the mesh of the minimum size sieved by the sieving device 20 described above. In this embodiment, it grind | pulverizes to the size of 40 mm or less which is a size which can pass the hole 23a of the sieving apparatus 20. FIG. The shredder dust 10 d is supplied to the pulverizer 7 by temporarily storing the shredder dust 10 d in a hopper 63 provided on the downstream side of the nonferrous metal removal line 5, cutting out the shredder dust 10 d from the hopper 63, and using the conveyor 74. It is supposed to be transported up to. On the other hand, the largest size shredder dust 10f discharged from the discharge port 27 of the sieving device 20 and collected in the hopper 29c is also transported to the hopper 63 via the belt conveyors 75 and 76, and is minimized by the pulverizer 7 together with the shredder dust 10d. It is designed to be crushed below the mesh size.

  In the pulverizer 7, moisture contained in the shredder dust 10d can be removed by frictional heat and shear heat generated when volume reduction by pulverization is performed, and the volume can be compressed to about 1/3. . Then, the shredder dust 10d pulverized to 40 mm or less by the pulverizer 7 is put into a gasification melting furnace (not shown) by the charging device 9 together with the shredder dust 10a that has been sieved through the hole 23a of the sieving device 20. And processed.

Next, a preferred embodiment of the shredder dust processing method according to the present invention will be described together with the operation of the shredder dust processing system 1 described above.
First, shredder dust 10 obtained by crushing industrial waste such as discarded automobiles including foamed urethane, synthetic resin, fibers, metals, glass, wire harnesses, etc., with shredder is carried to platform 51 by truck 50 and put into hopper 60. The process is started (step S0).

  The shredder dust 10 thrown into the hopper 60 is conveyed to the sieving device 20 by the conveyor 71, and the shredder dust 10 is screened (step S1). The sieving device 20 is a trommel type sieving device having meshes of different sizes. When the shredder dust 10 is introduced and the rotating drum 21 is rotated, the mesh of the minimum size drilled on the side surface of the rotating drum 21 is provided. The shredder dust 10a having a size passing through the hole 23a is dropped and collected in the hopper 29a. On the other hand, the shredder dust 10b sieved through the hole 23b is collected by the hopper 29b and carried to the iron removal line 3. The shredder dust 10f having a size that does not pass through the holes 23a and 23b is discharged from the discharge port 27 and collected in the hopper 29c. Here, the sieving is preferably performed by setting the size of the hole portion 23a of the sieving device 20 to a diameter of 40 mm and the size of the hole portion 23b to 240 mm, with 40 mm or less, 40-240 mm, 240 or more as a boundary. Thereby, as above-mentioned, the processing amount of the shredder dust 10 of about 10-20% can be increased compared with the past.

  Next, the shredder dust 10b sent to the iron removal line 3 is removed by the magnetic separator 3a while being conveyed by the conveyor 72 (step S2). The shredder dust 10c from which iron has been removed by the magnetic separator 3a is then sent to the vibration sieve 4 where the dust such as rubber and resin is separated. The relatively light rubber or resin dust contained in the shredder dust 10b placed on the vibration table is guided downward, and the dust containing non-ferrous metal such as copper is guided upstream to perform high quality separation.

  The shredder dust 10c from which dust such as rubber and resin has been removed by the vibration sieve 4 is further subjected to removal of non-ferrous metals (step S3). The removal of non-ferrous metals can be performed, for example, by a rod mill or a ball mill (not shown) or manually.

  The shredder dust 10d from which irons and non-ferrous metals have been removed is temporarily stored in the hopper 63, and sent to the pulverizer 7 by a predetermined amount from there, and is approximately the same size as the shredder dust 10a that has passed through the smallest mesh of the sieving device 20. The pulverization is performed so as to become (step S4). In this embodiment, it grind | pulverizes to the size of 40 mm or less which is the sifting size in the sifting apparatus 20. FIG. At this time, the moisture contained in the shredder dust 10d is removed by the frictional heat and shearing heat generated during pulverization by the pulverizer 7, and the volume is compressed to about 1/3. On the other hand, the shredder dust 10f discharged from the discharge port 27 without passing through the mesh of the sieving device 20 is stored in the hopper 63 together with the shredder dust 10d via the belt conveyors 75 and 76 and pulverized by the pulverizer 7 (S4). Is done.

  The shredder dust 10e pulverized to 40 mm or less by the pulverizer 7 and the shredder dust 10a sieved by the sieving device 20 are put into a gasification melting furnace (not shown) via the charging device 9 and processed (step S5). ).

  As described above, the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims, Needless to say, various modifications and changes are possible.

It is a block diagram in one embodiment of a processing system of shredder dust concerning the present invention. It is a schematic perspective view of a sieving device. It is a flowchart in one Embodiment of the processing method of the shredder dust which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shredder dust processing system 3 Iron removal line 3a Magnetic separator 4 Vibrating sieve 5 Non-ferrous metal removal line 7 Crusher 9 Loading device 10, 10a-10f Shredder dust 20 Sieving device 21 Rotating drum 23a, 23b Hole 26 loading Mouth 27 outlet

Claims (5)

In a processing method of shredder dust for efficiently processing shredder dust obtained by pulverizing industrial waste with a gasification melting furnace,
Sieving the shredder dust into at least three sizes by sieving means having meshes of different sizes;
Processing the shredder dust that has passed through the smallest mesh among the different size meshes and screened in a gasification melting furnace;
From the shredder dust that has been screened through a mesh of a size larger than the minimum size of the mesh, iron and non-ferrous materials are removed, and further, the shredder dust that has passed through the mesh of the minimum size in the screening means by a pulverizer Pulverizing to the same size as the above, and then processing in the gasification melting furnace,
Removing shredder dust of a size that does not pass through the mesh of the sieving means;
A processing method for shredder dust, comprising: In the processing method of the shredder dust of Claim 1,
The method further comprises a step of pulverizing the shredder dust having a size that does not pass through the mesh of the sieving means to the same size as the shredder dust having passed through the minimum size mesh, and then processing the shredder dust in the gasification melting furnace. A method for treating shredder dust, wherein: In the processing method of the shredder dust of Claim 1 or 2,
The sieving means is a trommel type rotary sieving machine having a minimum mesh size of 40 mm and a second largest mesh size of 240 mm, thereby reducing the shredder dust to a size of 40 mm or less, 40 to 240 mm, or 240 mm or more. A method for treating shredder dust, comprising sieving. In a shredder dust treatment system for efficiently treating shredder dust obtained by pulverizing industrial waste with a gasification melting furnace,
Sieving means for sieving the shredder dust at a predetermined size, and sieving means comprising meshes of different sizes so as to be sieved into at least three types of sizes;
An iron removal line that removes iron from shredder dust that has passed through a mesh of a size larger than the smallest mesh among the different sizes of mesh, and
A non-ferrous metal removal line for further removing non-ferrous metals from the shredder dust from which iron has been removed;
The shredder dust from which irons and non-ferrous metals have been removed and the shredder dust of a size that does not pass through the mesh of the sieving means are made to be the same size as the shredder dust that has passed through the minimum size mesh in the sieving means. Crushing means for crushing into
A charging means for charging the shredder dust that has passed through the minimum size mesh and shredder dust pulverized to the same size as that into the gasification melting furnace,
A processing system for shredder dust, comprising: The shredder dust processing system according to claim 4,
The sieving means is a trommel type rotary sieving machine having a minimum mesh size of 40 mm and a second largest mesh size of 240 mm, thereby reducing the shredder dust to a size of 40 mm or less, 40 to 240 mm, or 240 mm or more. A shredder dust treatment system characterized by screening.

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