JP6118720B2 - Elevator equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of an elevator apparatus suitable for space saving of a cross-sectional area of a hoistway.

  There are two types of roping methods in an elevator: 1: 1 roping in which a rope and a weight are connected to both ends of the rope, and 2: 1 roping in which a pulley is attached to the carriage and the weight, and the rope is suspended through the pulley. In a 2: 1 roping elevator, a pulley may be attached to the upper part of the car and a pulley may be attached to the lower part of the car. When a pulley is attached to the upper part, it is called a lifting type, and when a pulley is attached to the lower part, it is called a lifting type.

  For the need to reduce the clearance at the top of the car, a lift type elevator is employed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2001-80852 A International Publication WO2004 / 000711

  In the case of the lifting type, it is necessary to route the rope from the bottom of the car to the top of the car. At this time, since the place through which the rope is passed cannot be the door surface, the rope passes through the side surface other than the surface where the door of the car is located, and in many cases, the side surface passes in the lateral direction with respect to the door. Therefore, normally, the two pulleys under the car are arranged so as to be parallel to the door opening and closing direction, as shown in Patent Document 1. Further, at this time, in the horizontal cross-sectional view of the hoistway, the line connecting the two pulleys is arranged so as to pass through the center of gravity of the passenger car or the vicinity of the center of gravity. At this time, the counterweight may be on the side of the car, that is, on the extension line of the two pulleys under the car, or on the rear side of the car, that is, not on the extension line of the two pulleys. .

  If the counterweight is not on the extension of the two pulleys under the car, the rope is redirected by a pulley installed in the hoistway. Therefore, in this case, the directions of the rotation axes of the pulley under the car and the pulley installed in the hoistway are different.

  In addition, since the rope needs to be arranged so that it protrudes outside the projected cross section of the car in the horizontal cross section of the hoistway, the pulley installed in the hoistway also protrudes from the projected cross section of the car . At this time, since a plurality of ropes are used in the elevator, the pulley has a width corresponding to the number of ropes. Therefore, the amount of protrusion from the projected cross section of the car is increased by the amount by which the rotation axis of the pulley is inclined. Therefore, the amount of protrusion from the projected cross section of the car increases in proportion to the thickness of the pulley installed in the hoistway, and the larger the amount of protrusion, the larger the hoistway cross-sectional area necessary for installing the elevator. There was a problem.

  Further, the amount of protrusion at this time is affected by the dimension in the thickness direction of the pulley, and therefore the larger the number of ropes used, the larger the amount. Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of protrusion is inevitably increased when a large number of ropes need to be used, such as when the load is large or when a rope with a small breaking load is used.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object thereof is to reduce the amount of protrusion of the pulley installed in the hoistway from the car projection cross-section, and to reduce the hoistway cross-sectional area necessary for installation. It is to provide an elevator device.

  In order to achieve the above object, an elevator apparatus according to the present invention includes an elevating body that elevates and lowers in a hoistway, a plurality of tensile bodies that suspend the elevating body, and the hoistway above the elevating body. An elevator apparatus comprising a pulley having a groove around which the tensile body is wound, and when the plurality of tensile bodies are respectively wound around the groove, the tensile portion of the portion arranged in an arc shape When the diameter of the arc drawn by the central axis of the body is defined as the pitch circle diameter, the grooves are arranged so that the pitch circle diameter gradually decreases from the largest pitch circle diameter in the pulley, and the lifting and lowering of the lifting body The amount of movement of the tensile body associated with the plurality of tensile bodies is equal to each other.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the elevator apparatus which can make small the amount of protrusion from the cage projection cross-section part of the pulley installed in the hoistway, and can make small hoistway cross-sectional area required for installation can be provided.

It is a hoistway top view at the time of seeing an elevator from the upper surface. It is a figure at the time of seeing an elevator from the front. It is a top view explaining arrangement | positioning of a top pulley. It is a top view explaining arrangement | positioning of a top pulley. It is a hoistway top view at the time of seeing an elevator from the upper surface. It is a hoistway top view at the time of seeing an elevator from the upper surface. It is a figure at the time of seeing an elevator from the front. It is a hoistway top view at the time of seeing an elevator from the upper surface.

  Hereinafter, an elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, with an example.

  In FIG. 1, the top view at the time of seeing the hoistway of the elevator apparatus of this invention from the upper side of a cage | basket is shown. Moreover, the figure at the time of seeing the hoistway of the elevator apparatus of this invention from the front of a cage | basket in FIG. 2 is shown. With respect to the hoistway 14, there are a car 1 and a weight 2 which are elevating bodies. The car 1 moves up and down along the rails 12a and 12b, and the weight 2 moves up and down along the rails 13a and 13b. As shown in FIG. 2, the ropes 15a to 15c, which are tensile members, are fixed to the upper part of the hoistway 14 and extend downward. From the side of the car, the ropes 15a to 15c pass through the car lower pulleys 3 and 4 and again return to the car side. It is routed upward from one side, passes through the sheave 7 via the top pulleys 5 and 6, extends downward again via the top pulleys 8 and 9, and is wound around the weight pulley 10 and routed upward. Thus, the other end is fixed to the upper part of the hoistway 14. The sheave 7 is a part of the hoisting machine 11. The top pulleys 5 and 6 and the sheave 7 and the top pulleys 8 and 9 correspond to pulleys in the present invention, and are fixed to the top of the hoistway that is above the hoisting body in the present embodiment. Each pulley 5, 6, 8, 9 and sheave 7 have three grooves that will be described in detail later, and three ropes 15 a to 15 c are wound around different grooves, respectively.

  As described above, the elevator apparatus according to the present embodiment includes the car 1 and the weight 2 which are lifting bodies that move up and down in the hoistway 14, the rope 15 that is a plurality of tensile bodies that suspend the lifting body, and the upper part of the lifting body. And pulleys 5 to 9 having grooves provided in the hoistway 14 and around which a tensile body is wound.

  The ropes 15 a to 15 c pass through the top pulleys 5 and 6. Each of the top pulleys 5 and 6 has three grooves. When ropes are laid in these grooves, the central axis of the rope is located at a certain distance from the center of the pulley. Here, when the rope is wound around the groove, the arc formed by the central axis of the portion of the rope arranged in the arc shape is called a pitch circle, and the arc of the arc drawn by the central axis of the tensile body of the portion arranged in the arc shape The diameter of the pitch circle obtained by doubling the distance between the diameter, that is, the central axis of the portion arranged in the arc of the rope, and the rotation axis of the pulley is referred to as the pitch circle diameter.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the three ropes are not parallel between the top pulleys 5 and 6 because the pitch circle diameters of the portions through which the ropes 15a to 15c pass are different. A rope that has passed through a groove with a small pitch circle diameter at the top pulley 5 has a groove with a large pitch circle diameter at the top pulley 6, and a rope that has passed through a groove with a large pitch circle diameter at the top pulley 5 has a pitch circle diameter at the top pulley 6. The rope that has passed through the small groove in the top pulley 5 through the groove having the middle pitch circle diameter passes through the groove in the top pulley 6 through the groove having the middle pitch circle diameter. Similarly, the ropes 15a to 15c pass through the top pulleys 8 and 9, but between the top pulleys 8 and 9, the pitch circle diameters of the portions through which the ropes 15a to 15c pass differ, so that there are three ropes 15a to 15c. The ropes are not parallel. A rope that has passed through a groove with a small pitch circle diameter at the top pulley 8 has a groove with a large pitch circle diameter at the top pulley 9, and a rope that has passed a groove with a large pitch circle diameter at the top pulley 8 has a pitch circle diameter at the top pulley 9. The rope that has passed through the small groove in the top pulley 8 through the groove having a medium pitch circle diameter passes through the groove in the top pulley 9 through the groove having a medium pitch circle diameter.

  FIG. 3 shows a case where a rope is hung on the top pulley 5. Three grooves are cut in the top pulley 5, and a groove 17 a, a groove 17 b, and a groove 17 c are formed from the side close to the door 16. A rope 15a is hung on the groove 17a, a rope 15b is hung on the groove 17b, and a rope 15c is hung on the groove 17c. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, the top pulley 6 also has a groove. A rope 15a is hung on the groove 18a, a rope 15b is hung on the groove 18b, and a rope 15c is hung on the groove 18c.

  Next, the relationship between the inclination angle of the pulley and the pitch circle diameter of the pulley will be described with reference to FIGS. The pitch circle diameters of the grooves 17a to 17c are d1 to d3. The pitch circle diameters of the grooves 18a to 18c are d4 to d6. Further, the grooves closer to the door are grooves 17a and 18a, and the grooves far from the door are grooves 17c and 18c. At this time, when d1, d2, and d3 are compared, d1 is the largest and d3 is the smallest. Further, when d4, d5, and d6 are compared, d6 is the largest and d4 is the smallest. Furthermore, if the sum of d1 and d4 is D1, the sum of d2 and d5 is D2, and the sum of d3 and d6 is D3, D1, D2, and D3 are equal.

  In FIG. 3, the ropes 15 a to 15 c are arranged substantially in parallel with the side wall surface of the car 1. This is an arrangement that can be realized because the pitch circle diameter of each groove is different. The rotation axis of the pulley is not perpendicular to the door opening / closing direction and is inclined. That is, when viewed from the orthogonal projection direction of the hoistway 14, end surfaces on the side around which the ropes 15 a to 15 c of the grooves 17 a to 17 c having different pitch circle diameters are arranged in parallel to the outer peripheral edge of the car 1 that is the hoisting body. Yes. This is the same with the pulley 9 in FIG. 2, and the end surface on the side where the ropes 15 a to 15 c of the groove are wound is parallel to the outer peripheral edge of the weight 2 as the lifting body when viewed from the orthogonal projection direction of the hoistway 14. Has been placed. Thereby, the pulley end surface inclined in the limited space of the hoistway 14 can be efficiently arranged without projecting greatly from the orthogonal projection of the elevating body.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the angle formed by the circumferential direction of the top pulley 5 in the horizontal section and the door opening / closing direction is θ, the distance between the centers of the grooves 17a and 17b on the horizontal projection plane is L1, and the grooves 17a and grooves The center-to-center distance of 17c is L2. At this time, the relationship between the pitch circle diameters d1, d2, and d3 is
d2 / 2 = d1 / 2−L1 × tan θ
d3 / 2 = d1 / 2−L2 × tan θ
It has become. With this relationship, the three ropes can be arranged in parallel to the car wall surface. Here, when the sum of the length that the rope in the top pulley 5 contacts and the length that the rope in the top pulley 6 contacts is calculated for each rope, the sum of the lengths is equal, so the top pulley 5 and the top pulley 6 are The total distance that the ropes can be laid together is equal.

  The relationship between the top pulley 5 and the top pulley 6 as described above is also established between the top pulley 8 and the top pulley 9, and the distances over which the ropes of the top pulley 8 and the top pulley 9 are combined are equal.

  As described above, the grooves 17a to 17c and the grooves 18a to 18c are arranged so as to sequentially become the smallest pitch circle diameter from the largest pitch circle diameter in the pulley, and the movement amount of the ropes 15a to 15c accompanying the raising and lowering of the lifting body is as follows. Since the plurality of ropes 15a to 15c are configured to be equal, the hoistway required to install the pulleys 5 and 6, which are pulleys installed in the hoistway 14, by reducing the amount of protrusion from the car projection cross section. The elevator apparatus which can make a cross-sectional area small can be provided. Moreover, since the pulleys 8 and 9 are similarly configured in the present embodiment, it is possible to provide an elevator apparatus that can reduce the hoistway cross-sectional area required for installation throughout the elevator apparatus.

  Further, at least one set of pulleys is provided, and the diameters of the grooves provided in the pulleys are all different within the same pulley, and the pitch circle diameter wound around one pulley of the same tensile body and the other pulley. By making the sum of the diameters of the wound pitch circles equal in all the tensile bodies, it is possible to easily adjust the complicated movement distance for each rope accompanying the lifting and lowering of the lifting body.

  When there are a plurality of grooves in one member as in this embodiment, slip occurs between the rope and the pulley in each pulley. The case where the rope 15b moves without sliding with respect to the pulley and the ropes 15a and 15c move in the same manner as the rope 15b will be described. In the top pulley 5, since the pitch circle diameter of the groove 17a through which the rope 15a passes is larger than the other grooves, the circumferential speed of the groove 17a is faster than the moving speed of the rope 15a. Therefore, the moving speed of the rope is relatively slow, and slipping occurs. On the contrary, in the top pulley 6, since the pitch circle diameter of the groove 18a is small, the circumferential speed of this groove 18a is slow. As a result, slipping also occurs here. The amount of slip at this time affects the tension fluctuation between the pulleys 5 and 6.

  When the rope 15a advances from the pulley 5 toward the pulley 6, if the rope does not slip between the pulley 15 and is stretched while passing through the pulley 5, the tension increases and the rope 15a is compressed while passing through the pulley 6. Tension decreases. The amount of tension fluctuation is determined by the frictional force generated between the rope and the pulley. The larger the frictional force, the larger the tension fluctuation. The difference between the fluctuation in elongation due to this fluctuation and the difference in the circumference of the pulley is the slip that occurs between the rope and the pulley.

  FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment according to the present invention. The top pulley is composed of three pulley units 19a to 19c and one unit 20a to 20c each having one groove having a different pitch circle diameter. Therefore, 19a-19c and 20a-20c can rotate independently, and the slip of a rope and a pulley does not arise. Similarly, in the top pulley composed of the units of three pulleys 21a to 21c and the units of 22a to 22c in which one groove having a different pitch circle diameter exists. Therefore, 21a-21c and 22a-22c can rotate independently, and a slip of a rope and a pulley does not arise.

  In this way, the pulley is made up of an assembly in which at least two or more pulleys that can rotate independently with respect to each of the plurality of tensile bodies are arranged on the same rotation axis, so that Therefore, it is possible to satisfactorily suppress the wear of the grooves and the tensile body.

  In the above example, the top pulleys are configured with two sets of ropes so that the distances over which the ropes are laid are equal, each pulley rotates on the same axis, and all pitch circle diameters are different, but the ropes are laid Other distances may be used as long as the distances are equal. For example, only the pitch circle diameters are different from d1 and d4, and d2, d3, d5, and d6 may be the same. Moreover, the rotating shaft may be divided for each groove. For example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the pitch circle diameter of the groove of the top pulley 23 is uniform and the pitch circle diameter of the top pulley 24 is only one small, only the rope passing through the small pitch circle diameter is By passing the pulley 25, the distances over which all the ropes can be constructed may be equalized.

  Further, in this embodiment, the case where there are three ropes has been described, but other numbers may be used as long as the distances on which the ropes are hung are equal.

  Moreover, although the case where the rope was used was described in the present embodiment, other tensile bodies such as a belt may be used.

  In this embodiment, the case where the weight is located behind the car, that is, on the side opposite to the door surface has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the present invention is applied to the case where the weight is located on the side of the car. May be. As shown in FIG. 8, when the pulley under the car, the sheave, and the pulley of the weight cannot be installed in the same plane, the top pulleys 26 and 27 need to be tilted. The road cross-sectional area can be reduced.

  As described above, according to each of the above embodiments, all ropes passing through the side of the car can be arranged with the same and minimum gap between the car ropes. Can be provided.

  1 car, 2 spindles, 3, 4 car lower pulley, 5, 6, 8, 9, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 top pulley, 7 sheave, 10 spindle pulley, 11 hoisting machine, 12a, 12b, 13a , 13b rail, 14 hoistway, 15, 15a-15c rope, 17a, 17b, 17c, 18a, 18b, 18c groove, 19a, 19b, 19c, 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, 21c, 22a, 22b, 22c pulley.

Claims (4)

A pulley having a lifting body that moves up and down in the hoistway, a plurality of tensile bodies that suspend the lifting body, and a groove that is provided in the hoistway above the lifting body and around which the tensile body is wound. In an elevator apparatus equipped with
When the plurality of tensile bodies are wound around the grooves, when the diameter of the arc drawn by the central axis of the tensile body at the arc-arranged portion is a pitch circle diameter, the grooves are the pulleys. Are arranged so that the pitch circle diameter is gradually increased from the largest pitch circle diameter in FIG. 5, and the amount of movement of the tensile body accompanying the lifting and lowering of the lifting body is equal in the plurality of tensile bodies. The elevator apparatus characterized by being.   2. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an end surface of the groove on which the pitch circle diameter is different when viewed from the orthogonal projection direction of the hoistway is an outer peripheral edge of the hoisting body. An elevator apparatus characterized by being arranged in parallel.   The elevator apparatus according to claim 2, wherein at least one set of the pulleys is provided, and the diameters of the grooves provided in the pulleys are all different within the same pulley, and one of the tensile bodies is the same. The elevator apparatus, wherein a sum of a pitch circle diameter wound around the pulley and a pitch circle diameter wound around the other pulley is equal in all the tensile bodies.   The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pulley includes an assembly in which at least two or more pulleys that can rotate independently of the plurality of tensile bodies are arranged on the same rotation shaft. An elevator apparatus characterized by that.