JP6111742B2 - Proximity IC card system and proximity IC card - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for omitting a communication parameter negotiation process in a collision prevention procedure standardized by a standard for a proximity IC card.

  In the standard for proximity IC cards, the communication parameters supported by the proximity IC card may differ between the proximity IC cards, and there may be a plurality of proximity IC cards in the operating magnetic field of the reader / writer. In consideration of the above, a collision prevention procedure, which is a procedure for establishing communication between the reader / writer and each proximity IC card, is defined.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a collision prevention procedure in ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B). In FIG. 5, the proximity IC card 5 used for operation is two proximity IC card cards 5A and 5B.

  In the collision prevention procedure for the type B proximity IC card 5, the proximity IC card 5 to which power is supplied by the carrier wave transmitted from the reader / writer 4 transits to the IDEL state, and the reader / writer 4 is initially set to the proximity IC card. REQB, which is one of initial response request commands for requesting a response, is transmitted (S20).

  The proximity IC cards 5A and 5B that have received REQB transition to the Ready state and generate a random number R used for collision prevention. Here, the number of slots indicated by REQB is “4”, the random number R generated by the proximity IC card 5A is “1”, and the random number R generated by the proximity IC card 5B is “3”.

  The proximity IC card 5A having the generated random number R of “1” includes information indicating communication parameters supported by the proximity IC card 5A because the condition for sending the ATQB which is a response to the REQB is satisfied. ATQB as a response is transmitted (S21).

  The reader / writer 4 that has received the ATQB from the proximity IC card 5A refers to the information included in the ATQB, determines communication parameters used for communication with the proximity IC card 5A, and then includes the determined communication parameters to perform communication. Is sent to the proximity IC card 5A (Proximity Card Selection Command, ATTRIB for type B) to select the proximity IC card 5 that establishes (S22).

  The proximity IC card 5A that has received ATTRIB sends ATA, which is an ATTRIB response, to the reader / writer 4 (S23), then sets the communication parameter of the proximity IC card 5A to the value specified by ATTRIB, and is in the Active state. Transition to. The communication parameter negotiation between the reader / writer 4 and the proximity IC card 5A ends when the proximity IC card 5A changes to the active state.

  When the reader / writer 4 receives the ATA from the proximity IC card 5A, the reader / writer 4 transmits an upper command (for example, Read Record command) to the proximity IC card 5A (S24), and receives a response of the upper command from the proximity card 5A. As a result (S25), the processing related to the proximity IC card 5A is advanced.

  When the processing related to the proximity IC card 5A is completed, the reader / writer 4 obtains an initial response from the proximity IC card 5 that has generated the random number R corresponding to the designated slot number by one of the initial response request commands. A slot-maker that designates the slot number “2” is transmitted as the slot-maker that is the command (S26). However, since there is no proximity IC card 5 in which the generated random number R is “2”, The reader / writer 4 cannot receive ATQB (S27).

  Since the slot-maker with slot number “2” cannot receive ATQB, the reader / writer sends a slot-maker specifying slot number “3” (S28), and the generated random number R is close to “3”. The type IC card 5B transmits ATQB, which is a slot-maker response (S29), and the reader / writer 4 sends ATTRIB to the proximity IC card 5B in the same manner as the proximity IC card 5A (S30). ATA is received from the proximity IC card 5B (S31), and communication parameters are negotiated with the proximity IC card 5B. When the negotiation of the communication parameters with the proximity IC card 5B is completed, the reader / writer 4 proceeds with the processing for the proximity IC card 5B.

ISO / IEC144443-3

  As described above, in the collision prevention procedure of ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B), the reader / writer executes the communication parameter negotiation process. However, the communication parameter used for communication between the reader / writer and the proximity IC card is previously set. If it is determined, the time required for the collision prevention procedure can be shortened if the communication parameter negotiation process can be omitted.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a proximity that can reduce the time required for the negotiation process of the communication parameters determined in the collision prevention procedure when the communication parameters used for communication between the reader / writer and the proximity IC card are predetermined. It is an object of the present invention to provide a proximity IC card system, a proximity IC card and a reader / writer necessary for the proximity IC card system.

A first invention that solves the above-described invention is a proximity IC card system that includes at least a proximity IC card and a reader / writer, and the reader / writer performs a collision in order to omit a communication parameter negotiation process. When performing the prevention procedure, at the timing of sending an initial response request command for requesting an initial response to the proximity IC card for which the collision prevention procedure has not been completed, a predetermined communication parameter is set together with the initial response request command. sending a proximity type IC card selected command including, the proximity type IC card, when performing the collision avoidance procedure, when receiving the proximity type IC card selection commands with the initial response request command, the response of the previous SL initial response request command Response to the initial response request command Without sending, and transmits a response before Symbol proximity IC card select command to the reader writer.

Further, according to a second invention, in the proximity IC card system described in the first invention, the proximity IC card can use only the initial response request command so that the proximity IC card can be used in other systems. Is received, an anti-collision procedure according to the standard indicated by the initial response request command is executed.

  Further, a third invention is an invention to which ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B) is applied. In the proximity IC card system described in the first invention or the second invention, the initial response request command is sent to the ISO. / IEC144443-3 (type B) REQB and Slot-Maker, and the proximity IC card selection command is ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B) ATTRIB.

  Furthermore, in the fourth aspect of the invention, when performing the collision prevention procedure, at the timing of sending an initial response request command for requesting an initial response to a proximity IC card that has not completed the collision prevention procedure, together with the initial response request command, The reader / writer is configured to transmit a proximity IC card selection command including a predetermined communication parameter.

Further, the fifth aspect of the present invention provides a proximity type including a predetermined communication parameter together with an initial response request command for requesting an initial response to a proximity type IC card that has not completed the collision prevention procedure when performing the collision prevention procedure. Upon receiving the IC card select command, before Symbol if the conditions for sending a response of the initial response request command is satisfied, without providing the response of the initial response request command, the response of the previous SL proximity IC card select command It is a proximity IC card characterized by being configured to transmit.

Further, the sixth invention is the proximity IC card according to the fifth invention, wherein the proximity IC card receives the initial response request command only, and the standard indicated by the initial response request command. It is comprised so that the collision prevention procedure according to may be performed.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when communication parameters used for communication between a reader / writer and a proximity IC card are determined in advance, a plurality of communication parameters are negotiated between the reader / writer and the proximity IC card in order to negotiate communication parameters. It is not necessary to exchange these commands, and the time required for the communication parameter negotiation process can be reduced.

The figure explaining the proximity type IC card system concerning this embodiment. The figure explaining schematic structure of a reader / writer. The figure explaining schematic structure of a proximity type IC card. The figure explaining the operation | movement at the time of the operation | use form using two proximity | contact type | mold IC cards. The figure explaining the collision prevention procedure in ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B).

  From this, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. The following description is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but is provided to aid understanding.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a proximity IC card system 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the proximity IC card system 1 according to this embodiment includes a reader / writer 2 and a proximity IC card 3.

  The proximity IC card system 1 according to the present embodiment is subjected to a communication parameter negotiation process executed in the collision prevention procedure when communication parameters used for communication between the reader / writer 2 and the proximity IC card 3 are determined in advance. Here, the communication parameter negotiation process is a system developed so that the time can be shortened. The reader / writer 2 sends information indicating communication parameters supported by the proximity IC card 3 from the proximity IC card 3. This means a series of processes for acquiring and determining communication parameters used for communication with the proximity IC card 3 and notifying the proximity IC card 3 of the determined communication parameters.

  ISO / IEC 14443-3 (type B) is well known as a standard for exchanging a plurality of commands between the reader / writer 2 and the proximity IC card 3 in the communication parameter negotiation process executed in the collision prevention procedure. In the embodiment, it is assumed that the proximity IC card 3 conforms to ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B), and the reader / writer 2 also conforms to ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B).

  First, the reader / writer 2 constituting the proximity IC card system 1 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the reader / writer 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the reader / writer 2 includes an antenna 2a, an RF interface 2b, a CPU 2c, a ROM 2d, a RAM 2e, and an NVM (Non-Volatile Memory) 2f.

  The antenna 2 a is provided in the reader / writer 2 for transmitting a carrier wave. The carrier IC is used to supply power to the proximity IC card 3 and to transmit data to and from the proximity IC card 3. The RF interface 2 b is a circuit that modulates data to be transmitted to the proximity IC card 3 and demodulates data received from the proximity IC card 3.

  The CPU 2c is a circuit that controls the reader / writer 2 as a whole. The NVM 2f, the RAM 2e, and the ROM 2d such as an EEPROM and a flash memory are memories used by the CPU 2c. In this embodiment, the program code for the collision prevention procedure is stored in the ROM 2d. ing.

  In the ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B) collision prevention procedure, when the reader / writer 2 negotiates communication parameters with the proximity IC card 3, an initial response is sent to the proximity IC card 3 for which the collision prevention procedure has not been completed. After sending an initial response request command for requesting and receiving an initial response from the proximity IC card 3, an initial response is sent for a proximity IC card selection command including communication parameters determined based on information included in the initial response If the communication parameter used for communication between the reader / writer 2 and the proximity IC card 3 is determined in advance, the communication parameter supported by the proximity IC card 3 is set. The information shown is not necessary on the reader / writer 2 side.

  Therefore, the reader / writer 2 according to the present embodiment transmits an initial response request command when executing the collision prevention procedure so that the time required for the communication parameter negotiation process executed in the collision prevention procedure can be shortened. At the timing, a proximity IC card selection command including a predetermined communication parameter is transmitted by a command to be sent next to the initial response request command together with the initial response request command.

  As described above, in the ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B) collision prevention procedure, the initial response request command is REQB and Slot-Maker, and therefore the reader / writer 2 of the present embodiment transmits the REQB. If the proximity IC card 3 that sends ATRQB together with REQB and sends ATQB that is a response to REQB is within the operating magnetic field, ATA that is an ATTRIB response is received from the proximity IC card 3 instead of ATQB. To do.

  Further, the reader / writer 2 of the present embodiment transmits the ATTRIB together with the slot-maker at the timing of transmitting the slot-maker, and the proximity IC card 3 that transmits the ATQB that is the response of the slot-maker is within the operating magnetic field. If there is, the ATA which is an ATTRIB response is received from the proximity IC card 3 instead of the ATQB.

  Next, the proximity IC card 3 constituting the proximity IC card system 1 will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the proximity IC card 3.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the proximity IC card 3 includes an antenna 3a, an RF interface 3b, a CPU 3c, a coprocessor 3d specialized for cryptographic operations, a ROM 3e, a RAM 3f, and an NVM 3g.

  The antenna 3a is provided in the proximity IC card 3 to receive a carrier wave transmitted from the reader / writer 2, and power is supplied to the proximity IC card 3 using this carrier wave, and the antenna 3a is connected to the reader / writer 2. Data transmission is performed. The RF interface 3 b is a circuit that modulates data to be transmitted to the reader / writer 2 and demodulates data received from the reader / writer 2.

  The CPU 3c is a circuit that controls the proximity IC card 3, and the NVM 3g such as EEPROM, the RAM 3f, and the ROM 3e are memories used by the CPU 3c, and the program code for the collision prevention procedure is stored in the ROM 3e.

  The reader / writer 2 of the present embodiment sends a proximity IC card selection command including a predetermined communication parameter together with the initial response request command when executing the collision prevention procedure. When the type IC card 3 receives the proximity type IC card selection command together with the initial response request command when performing the collision prevention procedure, the condition for transmitting the response of the initial response request command is satisfied after executing the initial response request command. If it is, the proximity IC card selection command received together with the initial response request command is executed without sending the response of the initial response request command, and the response of the proximity IC card selection command is sent.

  As described above, the reader / writer 2 sends ATTRIB together with REQB, which is one of the initial response request commands, and Slot-Maker, which is one of the initial response request commands, at the timing of sending REQB. Since there is a case where ATTRIB is transmitted together with the slot-maker at the transmission timing, when the proximity IC card 3 receives ATTRIB together with REQB, a condition for transmitting ATQB which is a response of REQB is established after executing REQB. If it does, ATTRIB is executed without sending ATQB, and ATA, which is a response to ATTRIB received together with REQB, is sent. When the condition for sending ATQB, which is a response to REQB, is not satisfied, the proximity IC card 3 does not execute ATTRIB and does not respond.

  Further, when the proximity IC card 3 receives ATTRIB together with the slot-maker, if the condition for executing the slot-maker is satisfied, after executing the slot-maker, the proximity IC card 3 receives the ATQB which is the response of the slot-maker. If the transmission condition is satisfied, ATTRIB is executed without transmitting ATQB which is a response of Slot-Maker, and ATA which is a response of ATTRIB is transmitted. If the condition for sending ATQB, which is a slot-maker response, is not satisfied, the proximity IC card 3 does not execute ATTRIB, and does not respond.

  From here, the operation of the proximity IC card system 1 of the present embodiment will be described. Note that, in an operation mode using only one proximity IC card 3, the reader / writer 2 does not transmit a slot-maker because the number of slots specified by the reader / writer 2 in REQB is “1”. In this operation mode, as shown in FIG. 1, the reader / writer 2 receives REQB, which is one of the initial response request commands, in order to detect the proximity IC card 3 existing in the operating magnetic field of the reader / writer 2. Here, the reader / writer 2 sends ATTRIB together with REQB (S1).

  When the proximity IC card 3 existing in the operating magnetic field of the reader / writer 2 receives ATTRIB together with REQB, it executes REQB. Here, since the number of slots is “1”, it is always a response of REQB. When the condition for sending ATQB is satisfied and the proximity IC card 3 executes REQB, it executes ATTRIB without sending ATQB which is a response of REQB, and sends ATA which is a response of ATTRIB ( S2).

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation in the operation mode using two proximity IC cards 3A and 3B. In the operation mode using two proximity IC cards 3A and 3B, the reader / writer 2 sends out a REQB having a slot number larger than “1”. Here, the reader / writer 2 has a slot number of ATTRIB is transmitted together with REQB of “4” (S10).

  The proximity IC cards 3A and 3B that have received ATTRIB together with REQB generate a random number R used for collision prevention when executing REQB. Here, the random number R generated by the proximity IC card 3A is “1”, and the random number R generated by the proximity IC card 3B is “3”.

  The proximity IC card 3A with the generated random number R being “1” satisfies the condition for sending ATQB, so the ATTRIB received together with REQB is executed without sending ATQB, and this ATTRIB response is ATA is sent out (S11). Note that the proximity IC card 3B with the generated random number R of “3” does not execute the ATTRIB received together with the REQB and does not respond because the condition for sending the ATQB is not satisfied.

  Upon receiving the ATA from the proximity IC card 3A, the reader / writer 2 sends an upper command to the proximity IC card 3A (S12), and receives a response of the upper command from the proximity IC card 3A (S13). ), The process related to the proximity IC card 3A is advanced.

  When the processing related to the proximity IC card 3A is completed, the reader / writer 2 transmits ATTRIB together with the slot-maker specifying the slot number “2” (S14). Here, the random number corresponding to the slot number “2” is transmitted. Since there is no proximity IC card 3 that has generated R, the reader / writer 2 cannot receive the ATA, which is an ATTRIB response transmitted together with the slot-maker (S15).

  Next, the reader / writer 2 transmits ATTRIB together with the Slot-Maker specifying the slot number “3” (S16). The proximity IC card 3B that has generated the random number R corresponding to the slot number “3” executes the ATTRIB received together with the Slot-Maker without sending the ATQB because the condition for sending the ATQB is satisfied. ATA, which is an ATTRIB response, is sent out (S17), and the processing for the proximity IC card 3B is advanced by the procedure described above.

  In the proximity IC card system 1 of the present embodiment, a computer program that executes the processing described so far and a computer that executes processing according to the standard of the proximity IC card 3 as computer programs for the collision prevention procedure. The program may be stored in the ROM 3e of the proximity IC card 3, and the proximity IC card 3 may switch the computer program related to the collision prevention procedure according to the content of the initial response request command received from the reader / writer 2. it can.

  In this case, when the proximity IC card 3 receives the proximity IC card selection command together with the initial response command, the proximity IC card 3 executes a process (eg, FIG. 4) that omits the communication parameter negotiation process. When only the initial response command is received, a procedure (for example, FIG. 5) based on ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B) is executed.

  Thus, according to the proximity IC card system 1 of the present embodiment, when parameters used for communication between the reader / writer 2 and the proximity IC card 3 are determined in advance, the reader / writer 2 and the proximity IC card 3 are used. Since the procedure for negotiation for determining communication parameters used in communication between the two can be omitted, this processing time can be shortened.

1 Proximity IC Card System 2 Reader / Writer 3 Proximity IC Card

Claims (5)

A proximity IC card system comprising at least a proximity IC card and a reader / writer,
When performing the collision prevention procedure, the reader / writer determines in advance together with the initial response request command at the timing of sending an initial response request command requesting an initial response to the proximity IC card for which the collision prevention procedure has not been completed. Send a proximity IC card selection command including the communication parameters
When the proximity IC card performs the collision prevention procedure, when the proximity IC card selection command is received together with the initial response request command, if the condition for sending the response of the initial response request command is satisfied, Sending a response of the proximity IC card selection command without sending a response of the initial response request command;
Proximity IC card system characterized by the above.   2. The proximity type card according to claim 1, wherein, when only the initial response request command is received, the proximity type IC card executes a collision prevention procedure according to a standard indicated by the initial response request command. IC card system.   The initial response request command is REQB and Slot-Maker of ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B), and the proximity IC card selection command is ATTRIB of ISO / IEC144443-3 (type B), The proximity IC card system according to claim 1 or 2.   When performing a collision prevention procedure, when receiving a proximity IC card selection command including a predetermined communication parameter together with an initial response request command requesting an initial response to a proximity IC card for which the collision prevention procedure has not been completed, When the condition for sending the response of the initial response request command is satisfied, the response of the proximity IC card selection command is sent without sending the response of the initial response request command. Proximity IC card characterized by The proximity IC card is configured to execute a collision prevention procedure according to a standard indicated by the initial response request command when only the initial response request command is received. 4. The proximity IC card described in 4 .

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