JP6094013B2 - Evacuation device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an evacuation device that can evacuate quickly and safely in the vicinity when an emergency such as a tsunami, flood, or a gust of wind (including a tornado) occurs.

  The tsunami that occurred in the Great East Japan Earthquake was far beyond expectations and caused a major disaster because the evacuation site was limited to a high ground. The present applicant has been conducting research and development to provide artificial evacuation devices that can evacuate in the vicinity of residents rather than distant hills, and has provided many tsunami evacuation devices before the earthquake.

  JP 2009-036014 A

As one of the tsunami evacuation devices, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1, which is a local resident before a tsunami strikes on a pedestrian bridge that is built to straddle roads, rivers, railways, etc. In particular, an evacuation stage is provided in addition to the walking road surface so that as many people as possible can evacuate.
However, the pedestrian bridge described in the same document 1 has a narrow stage housing that is separate from the pedestrian bridge main body, so it cannot evacuate many people in the town, which is a big problem. Yes.
In addition, it is common to use a structure called a box type for the frame structure such as the above-mentioned crossover frame or stage frame. However, the box type frame is perpendicular to the direction in which the tsunami strikes one side surface. Because the tsunami flow and floating objects collide with the wall surface of the frame at right angles and receive an excessive load that is not assumed, the frame has a sealed space due to the box structure. As a result of excessive buoyancy, the evacuation device may not only cause unexpected damage such as the base of the column to fall off, breakage of other parts or loss of floating upstream, and may not be able to protect the evacuees safely.

  The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and is based on the premise of providing an evacuation device that can evacuate as many inhabitants as possible in the vicinity. Especially, tsunami currents and floats have been attacked. It is another object of the present invention to provide an evacuation device that can avoid direct hits and prevent buoyancy from acting so as to reduce damage to the device itself and to protect refugees safely.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is used as a support body such as a straight pillar or an arch structure standing on the ground and an evacuation stage having an area where a large number of people can evacuate. An evacuation device having a frame structure attached and supported to the support body and an ascending / descending means connecting the ground and the frame body, the frame body taking in a tsunami flow that is expected to come in and discharging it to the outside It is formed in the cylinder type | mold which made the cylinder cylinder front-and-back end open shape possible.

  As described above, the present invention includes a support body such as a straight column or an arch structure standing on the ground, a frame structure attached to the support body so that it can be used as an evacuation stage, and the ground and frame structure. An evacuation device having an ascending / descending means for connecting, wherein the frame body is formed in a cylinder body shape having an open front and rear end of the cylinder body so that a tsunami flow expected to come in can be taken in and discharged to the outside. Because it is a feature, even if a tsunami current or a floating thing attacks, it can avoid the direct hit and prevent buoyancy from acting so that damage to the device itself can be reduced and refugees can be protected safely An evacuation device can be provided.

  The top view of the evacuation apparatus which shows one Embodiment of this invention.   The side view of FIG.   III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The top view which shows other embodiment.   The front cross section top view of the evacuation apparatus which shows other embodiment.   The front view of the evacuation apparatus which shows other embodiment.   The schematic front view which shows other embodiment of a frame.   The schematic front view which shows other embodiment of a frame.   The schematic front view which shows other embodiment of a frame.   The top view of FIG.   The side view of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Each technique described in each embodiment can be applied to other related embodiments.
FIGS. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a large-scale tsunami evacuation device. The device can be used for a meeting or festival of a neighborhood association or a temporary or temporary use type in addition to evacuation in the event of a flood or tornado. It can also be used for applications such as stores and store openings, and can also be used for installation of facilities such as gas stations and government offices, and for installation of solar and wind power generation systems. Large-scale refers to those that can evacuate not only about tens of people but hundreds of people, for example, all local residents.

  In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a roadway, which is a one-lane or multiple-lane road, and may be a one-way type. A sidewalk (or a bicycle pedestrian road) 2 slightly higher than the roadway 1 is provided on both left and right sides. , 2 are provided, and a building such as a residence facing the sidewalk 2 is installed (not shown). Although there are various widths as the roadway 1, in this embodiment, it is 5 m only on one side, 10 m on both sides, and the sidewalk 2 is about 3 m. In the center of the roadway 1, a central separation band 16a is provided short or long. T indicates the assumed direction in which the tsunami strikes as a push wave, -T indicates the assumed direction of the pulling wave, and the flow direction of these T and -T is the roadway 1 as seen in the previous great earthquake. It is assumed that there are stores or houses with flow resistance on both sides of the sidewalk 2 and that they naturally correspond to the direction of traffic on the roadway 1.

  Reference numeral 3 denotes a side column (main material of the support body), which is a vertical pillar, and is vertically erected on each sidewalk 2 along the length of the roadway 1, for example, at intervals of 50m to 100m in the front and rear direction. 4 is each foundation block (one of the support bodies) fixed by the steel pipe pile, and the side strut 3 is fixed to the base via an attachment flange (not shown) as a support member and an anchor thereon. Yes.

  Although the side support | pillar 3 may be a round steel pipe, a square steel pipe is used here, and it has comprised so that each square ridge part may be turned back and forth, and tsunami flow T, -T can be cut off. This side support 3 extends from the ground to a height of 15 to 20 m.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a frame having an evacuation stage 6 on the upper surface. The upper end flange 7 is attached to a side column 3 having a height of 15 to 20 m, and is attached and supported through the upper surface. The frame body 5 may be supported more firmly by supporting it on a plurality of central support columns 16 disposed along the central separation band 16a of the roadway 1.
As shown in the right column of FIG. 4, the frame 5 is formed by combining a plurality of rectangular cylinder-shaped box-shaped frames 8... A plurality of (5) are integrated and integrated in the left-right width direction using the joining plate 9 to form a long rectangular structure in the front-rear direction. Since each box-type frame 8 is long in the front-rear direction, the joint plate 9 can be used as a common plate to serve as a front-rear connection. The lines joined before and after the box frame 8 are not shown. The frame body 5 is a stage floor base material 10 and is laid so that a plurality of the floor frames 5 are arranged in parallel in the front-rear longitudinal direction of the frame body 5 with the longitudinal direction thereof being directed in the left-right width direction. The evacuation stage 6 is fixed via the upper surface of the stage floor base material 10.
A reinforcing member 11 having a triangular tube shape or a rectangular tube shape may be attached to the inner corner portion of the box-shaped frame 8. 12 is a front water inlet for tsunami flow intake, and 13 is a rear water outlet. The upper end flange 7 has a flat plate shape. However, as indicated by the phantom line in the right column of FIG. 4, the upper end flange 7 is formed into an angle type consisting of a horizontal flat plate portion and a side rising from the horizontal flat plate portion. You may make it aim at the connection reinforcement | strengthening of the side support | pillar 3 and the frame 5 so that it may be attached by attachment or welding. Reference numeral 9a denotes a bottom connecting plate that connects the box-type frames 8 to each other, and is an effective reinforcement without blocking the flow of the tsunami flow T.
Since the frame 5 is a structure that is formed in an open shape at the front and rear as described above, not only the strength is satisfied, but also when a tsunami current or a floating object T attacks, the flow passes through the front water inlet 12. Since it is swallowed and acts so as to flow out from the rear water passage 13 through the internal water passage 14, an impact is not applied to the frame body 5 and buoyancy does not act, providing an evacuation device that is not damaged and does not lift up Therefore, evacuees can be safely protected.

  A jet port 15 is formed at the front and rear ends of the bottom surface of each box-shaped frame 8. The jet port 15 may be an open port or may be formed by a net-like member such as grating or a perforated plate as shown in the figure. Good. This jet port 15... Jets and attenuates a tsunami flow that may flow through the bottom surface of the frame 5, and the jet port 15 on the left side (front side) of FIG. The right side (rear side) jet port 17 functions when a tsunami flow (return flow) -T acts.

  17 is a side buffer pile, 18 is a central buffer pile, and the side buffer pile 17 is fixedly disposed near the front of the front and rear side columns 3 to prevent a tsunami flow or floating material from directly hitting the side columns 3. Thus, the central buffer pile 18 also has a role of preventing the tsunami flow and the floating material from directly hitting the frame body 5. The central buffer pile 18 is located on the central separation line and at a position farther forward and backward than the side buffer pile 17. The central buffer pile 18 and the side buffer pile 17 form a triangular apex arrangement, and the upper front side thereof. A plurality of defenses 19 installed horizontally so as to form a mountain shape when viewed from above opposes and floats off the slanting side while catching the floating material in advance, thereby allowing tsunami flow and floating material Is prevented from directly hitting the frame 5 and the side column 3, and the coarse floating material is prevented from reaching the front water inlet 12 or the rear water inlet 13, so that only the tsunami flow is swallowed into the water inlets 12, 13. It is designed to flow smoothly. If a knitted material such as a reinforcing net is attached to the defense 21, even fine floating objects can be captured in advance. The defense 21 can be formed of a rod, a pipe, a wire, or the like. By placing the defense 21 so as to pass through the front sides of the buffer piles 17 and 18, these floats can be divided into left and right and easily flow.

21 is a climbing means for evacuees and is provided in the shape of an eight on both the left and right sides of the frame 5 and may be used as a staircase for a footbridge during normal times. Reference numeral 22 denotes a climbing means for the vehicle. In this evacuation device, only the climbing means 21 or the vehicle climbing means 22 may be used. In the case of only the vehicle climbing means 22, the evacuees can also climb along the side. Reference numeral 23 denotes a protective fence.
The frame 5 is formed by connecting a plurality of box-shaped frames 8 horizontally, but as shown in FIG. 5, one large box-shaped frame 5a is formed by the upper and lower and left and right end plates of the horizontally long plate. However, it may be configured to be partitioned by vertical partition plates 25. Further, as shown in the upper right column of the figure, the frame body 5 may be configured by arranging a diagonal partition plate 26 inside the box frame 5a, and further, as shown in the lower right column of the figure, A diagonal partition plate 26 may be combined between the vertical partition plates 25 to increase the strength without impairing water permeability.

As shown in FIG. 6, the frame body 5 may be formed such that the front part or the rear part has a step shape and the whole is viewed from above to form a mountain shape. In this case, for example, when the tsunami flow T flows along with the floating material A ..., a gap is formed between the floating material A ... and the front water inlet 12, and the tsunami current T is in the frame 5. It becomes easy to flow into.
In addition, you may arrange | position the capture protection means which consists of the said side buffer pile 17, the center buffer pile 18, and the defense 19 in the front and back of this structure 5. FIG.

  The frame 5 shown in FIG. 7 has a rhombus-shaped flow guide 29 disposed in the interior thereof, and the front and rear internal partition plates 30 are short, and the tsunami flow flowing from the front water inlet 12 is reduced. It is made to flow in the diagonal distribution channel | path 31, and is made to flow out to the outer side area | region of the frame 5 like the arrow. The flow guide 29 is not only effective for reinforcing the frame 5 but also disperses and attenuates the flow of the tsunami flow to the rear region by causing the tsunami flow to flow out to the outside region like T at an early stage. You can also In addition, an outlet 31a for allowing the tsunami flow to flow outward is formed in a part of both side wall surfaces of the frame body 5.

8 to 10 show other configuration examples of the frame 5. In the example of FIG. 8, a connecting member 34 such as a grooved steel is provided between the box-shaped frames 33 so as to be connected and integrated. Is also formed. The connecting material 34 may be H-shaped steel as shown in the lower column.
In the example of FIG. 9, an H-shaped steel is used as a girder 36, and the upper and lower portions of the flanges are connected and integrated by a connecting plate 37, so that a strong frame 5 can be obtained. 38 is a water passage.
In the example of FIG. 10, one girder 39 is formed with grooved steels back to back, and a plurality of them are connected by a connecting plate 40 to form a frame 5. Also in this case, since the upper and lower flange portions have a double structure, a strong frame 5 can be obtained. 41 is a water passage.

  11 and 12 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, instead of the above-described straight column type support body, an arch-type support body is configured, and the arch member (main material of the support body) 43 is a circular or square pipe having an arc shape. The arch members 43 are connected and fixed via a base flange 44 and an anchor 45 on a foundation block (not shown) fixed in the sidewalk 2. The left and right arch members 43 are parallel to each other, but may be arranged so as to form a letter C when viewed from the front. A connecting member 46 connects the arch members 43. The frame 5 is fixedly installed at a middle position between the arch members 43 and 43. 47 is a partition plate, 48 is a front water inlet, 49 is a rear water outlet, and water passages 50 are formed in a plurality of rows on the left and right. 51 is a climbing means for evacuees, and is used as a staircase of a footbridge during normal times. Reference numeral 52 denotes a climbing means for the vehicle, which can be entered from any direction of the roadway 1 along the traveling direction. The arch member 43 may have a lateral C-shape.

Since such an arch type support body is provided with a leg base portion a that rises diagonally, the tsunami flow T and the floating material that has come in from the front (left side in FIGS. 11 and 12) act diagonally upward and are difficult to come off. Moreover, it has a structure that is not easily damaged. This also functions in the same way against the tsunami current-T attack from the rear (right side of FIGS. 11 and 12). Further, the weight of the frame 5 is effectively supported with a simple structure. In particular, in the frame 5, even if the tsunami flow T acts, they flow away through the water channel 50, so that the impact force and load in the horizontal direction act on the support body to a small extent. As a result, the tsunami It can be a strong evacuation device. 53 is an evacuation stage and 54 is a protective fence.
In addition, as shown in the upper left column of FIG. 12, the front water flow port 48 (or the rear water flow port 49) can be formed in the diagonal cut shape which inclines downward from the upper end toward the lower end (forward) and inclines. In this case, there is no possibility that the floating material will block the front water inlet 48. The front water inlet 48 may be obliquely cut in the direction opposite to that shown in the figure.

  The evacuation device according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 may be installed on an installation ground without the roadway 1 and the sidewalk 2.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Roadway 2 ... Sidewalk 3 ... Side support 5 ... Frame structure 6, 53 ... Evacuation stage 12, 48 ... Front water inlet 13, 49 ... Rear water outlet 14, 50 ... Water passage.

Claims (1)

  A support body such as a straight column or an arch structure standing on the ground, a frame structure mounted and supported on the support body so that it can be used as an evacuation stage having an area where a large number of people can evacuate, and the ground structure and the frame structure An evacuation device having an ascending / descending means for connecting to the cylinder, wherein the frame body is formed in a cylinder body shape having an open front and rear end of the cylinder body so as to be able to take in a tsunami flow that is expected to come in and to be discharged to the outside. An evacuation device characterized by that.