JP6092429B2 - 粉末状フラックス及び粉末状金属を用いた超合金の溶着法 - Google Patents
粉末状フラックス及び粉末状金属を用いた超合金の溶着法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6092429B2 JP6092429B2 JP2015556047A JP2015556047A JP6092429B2 JP 6092429 B2 JP6092429 B2 JP 6092429B2 JP 2015556047 A JP2015556047 A JP 2015556047A JP 2015556047 A JP2015556047 A JP 2015556047A JP 6092429 B2 JP6092429 B2 JP 6092429B2
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- superalloy
- layer
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- powdered
- metal
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- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 89
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 161
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000684 Cobalt-chrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001011 CMSX-4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100523490 Dictyostelium discoideum rab8A gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZMZREIADCOWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium cobalt nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Co].[Ni] SZMZREIADCOWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013206 minimal dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007778 shielded metal arc welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
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- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
- C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
- F05D2230/31—Layer deposition
Description
本発明は、一般には金属接合の分野に関し、具体的には超合金材料の溶接クラッドの形成及び修復に関する。
溶接法は、溶接対象の材料の種類に依存して著しく大きく変わってくる。種々の条件下でも比較的容易に溶接することができる材料もあれば、他方では、周辺の基材を劣化させることなく構造的に確実な接合を実現するのに特殊な処理を要する材料もある。
[先行技術文献]
[特許文献]
[特許文献1]米国特許出願公開第2013/0140278A1号明細書
[特許文献2]米国特許出願公開第2010/0116793A1号明細書
[非特許文献]
[非特許文献1]G.J.Bruck著「A study of fluxing agents in High power laser beam cladding」 Westinghouse R&D Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. March 7, 1989
本願の発明者らは、溶接が非常に困難な超合金材料を有効に接合及び/又は修復できる材料接合プロセスを開発した。従前は、フラックス材料は超合金材料を溶接する際には使用されたことがなかったが、本発明の方法の実施形態は、溶解及び再凝固プロセス中に超合金基材上で粉末状フラックス材料を適用できるという利点を奏する。幾つかの実施形態では、エネルギビーム加熱プロセス、例えばレーザービーム加熱法の正確なエネルギ入力制御手段を利用している。粉末状フラックス材料は、高温ホットボックス溶接の利用又はチルプレートの使用もしくは不活性シールドガスの使用を要さずに、超合金材料を割れ無しで接合できるよう、ビームエネルギの捕捉、不純物洗浄、大気シールド、ビードの成形及び冷却温度制御を実施するのに有効である。本発明の種々の構成要素は数十年前から溶接業において公知となっているが、本願の発明者らは、長い間問題となっている材料割れを解消する、超合金の接合方法の複数の工程を組み合わせたものを開発するという革新を成し遂げた。
・レーザービームの焦点外し距離;
・焦点において方形のエネルギ源を生成するダイオードレーザーの使用;
・焦点において方形のエネルギ源を生成するセグメントミラー等のインテグレート光学系の使用;
・1次元以上でのレーザービームの走査(ラスタ走査);
・可変ビーム径(例えば、微細加工作業を行う際には、焦点ビーム径は0.5mmであり、比較的微細でない作業を行う際には、焦点ビーム径は2.0mmにまで及ぶ)の集光光学系の使用;
を含むことができるが、これらに限定されない。カスタム形状の溶着層を形成するため、光学系及び/又は基材の移動を、選択的レーザー溶融プロセス又は選択的レーザー焼結プロセスと同様にプログラミングすることができる。上述のプロセスにより奏される、公知のレーザー溶融法やレーザー焼結法に対する利点には、
・溶着速度が速く、各処理層中の溶着厚が厚いこと;
・シールドが、不活性ガスを用いる必要なく、高温の溶着金属全体に及ぶように改善されたこと;
・フラックスにより、凝固割れの原因となる成分の溶着部の洗浄が強化されること;
・フラックスにより、レーザービーム吸収が増大し、処理装置へ戻る反射が最小化されること;
・スラグ形成により溶着部が成形されて支持され、熱が保存されて冷却速度が緩慢になることにより、溶接後熱処理中にひずみ時効(再加熱)割れを発生させる残留応力が低下すること;
・フラックスにより成分損失が補償されるか又は合金成分が追加され、溶着部が厚いことにより、部品形成全体にかかる総時間が大幅に短縮されるので、粉末及びフラックスの事前配置又は供給を効率良く選択的に行えること;
などが含まれる。
・シースソリッド体積は、総金属ソリッド体積の約60%であり、純粋なNiである;
・コア金属粉末体積は、総金属ソリッド体積の約40%であり、シースからの純粋ニッケルと共に溶解又は混合したときに、公称で8.3重量%のCrと、10重量%のCoと、0.7重量%のMoと、10重量%のWと、5.5重量%のAlと、1重量%のTiと、3重量%のTaと、0.14重量%のCと、0.015重量%のBと、0.05重量%のZrと、1.5重量%のHfとの組成の合金247を生成するのに十分なCr,Co,Mo,W,Al,Ti,Ta,C,B,Zr及びHfを含む;
・コアフラックス粉末体積は、大部分が非金属である追加的なワイヤ体積であり、アルミナ、フッ化物及びケイ酸塩を35:30:35の比で含む。当該ワイヤ体積のサイズは場合によっては、金属粉末体積のサイズと等しくすることができる。フラックスのメッシュサイズ範囲は、コア金属粉末内において均等に分布するようにされている。
・欠陥を除去するために、修復対象の超合金材料の表面を規定通りに研磨することにより前処理するステップと、
・表面を洗浄するステップと、
・その後、表面上に、フラックス材料を含む粉末状材料の層を事前配置又は供給するステップと、
・その後、粉末と表面の上部層とを溶解してスラグ層が浮かんだ溶湯プールを形成するため、当該表面全体にわたってエネルギビームを移動させ、溶湯プール及びスラグを凝固させるステップと
を有することができる。
Claims (19)
- 超合金基材の表面を洗浄するステップと、ただし、前記超合金基材は、チタン含有率対アルミニウム含有率を表す超合金グラフに規定された溶接性領域を超える組成を有し、前記溶接性領域の上限は、前記チタン含有率の軸と6重量%で交差し、かつ、前記アルミニウム含有率の軸と3重量%で交差する線によって定められ、
フラックス材料及び金属材料を含む粉末状材料の層を、洗浄された前記表面に事前配置又は供給するステップと、
前記粉末状材料を溶湯プール及び流動スラグ層へ溶解させるステップと、ただし、前記溶湯プールは、前記溶接性領域を超える組成を有する所望の超合金材料の組成を有し、
前記溶湯プール及び前記流動スラグ層を冷まして凝固させ、前記超合金基材上に所望の超合金材料クラッドの層を残すステップと、
溶接凝固割れ及びひずみ時効割れなしで、前記超合金材料クラッドの超合金材料及び前記超合金基材の超合金材料に対して溶接後熱処理を行うステップと
を含む方法。 - フラックス粉末及び超合金粉末の混合物としての粉末状材料の層を、2.5mmから5.5mmまでの深さへ事前配置するステップと、
走査光学系を用いて、0.6kWから2kWまでのパワーレベルのレーザーエネルギによって前記粉末状材料を溶解させ、3mmから10mmまでの幅の溶湯プール溶着物を形成するステップと
をさらに含む、
請求項1記載の方法。 - 溶湯プールへ溶融した溶加材を追加するために、前記溶解させるステップ中に、溶加材を前記溶湯プールへ供給するステップをさらに含む、
ただし、前記溶加材は、所望の超合金材料の押出成形可能な元素サブセットのみを含み、前記粉末状材料は、前記溶湯プール内で所望の超合金材料を形成するために、前記元素サブセットを補完する元素を含む、
請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記溶加材と前記基材との間に電流を流すことにより、前記溶解させるステップ中に加熱を行うステップをさらに含む、
請求項3記載の方法。 - 前記溶解させるステップ中にエネルギビームによって加熱を行うステップをさらに含む、
請求項1記載の方法。 - 粉末状フラックス材料層によって覆われる粉末状金属材料層として、前記粉末状材料の層を事前配置するステップをさらに含む、
請求項1記載の方法。 - フラックス材料及び金属材料の複合粒子層として、前記粉末状材料の層を事前配置するステップをさらに含む、
請求項1記載の方法。 - 金属材料粒子にフラックス材料粒子を混合した粉末層として、前記粉末状材料の層を事前配置するステップをさらに含む、
請求項1記載の方法。 - 金属材料粒子のメッシュサイズ範囲とフラックス材料粒子のメッシュサイズ範囲とが重なり合うように選択するステップをさらに含む、
請求項8記載の方法。 - 超合金基材の表面の一部を、フラックス材料及び金属材料を含む粉末層で覆うステップと、
溶湯プールと流動スラグとを形成するために、前記粉末層をエネルギビームで溶解させるステップと、
所望の超合金材料の修復面を形成するために、前記溶湯プールを前記流動スラグの下方で冷まして凝固させるステップと
を含む、方法において、
前記溶湯プールへ溶融した溶加材を添加するために、前記溶解させるステップ中に、ワイヤ材料又はストリップ材料の形態の溶加材を前記溶湯プールへ供給するステップをさらに含み、
ただし、前記溶加材は、所望の超合金材料を規定する元素組成の押出成形可能な元素サブセットのみを含み、前記粉末層は、前記所望の超合金材料を規定する前記元素組成を完成させるために、溶加材中の前記元素サブセットを補完する元素を含み、
所望の超合金材料の修復面を形成するために、前記溶加材と前記粉末層とは、前記溶湯プール中で組み合わされる、方法。 - 前記溶解させるステップはレーザービームを前記粉末層へ適用するステップをさらに含む、
請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記表面の一部を、粉末状フラックス材料層によって覆われる粉末状金属材料層によって覆うステップをさらに含む、
請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記表面の一部を、フラックス材料及び金属材料の複合粒子を含む粉末層によって覆うステップをさらに含む、
請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記表面の一部を、金属材料粒子にフラックス材料粒子を混合した粉末層によって覆うステップをさらに含む、
請求項10記載の方法。 - 金属材料粒子のメッシュサイズ範囲とフラックス材料粒子のメッシュサイズ範囲とが重なり合うように選択するステップをさらに含む、
請求項14記載の方法。 - ニッケルもしくはニッケルクロムもしくはニッケルクロムコバルトのワイヤ又はストリップの形態の溶加材を供給するステップをさらに含む、
請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記溶加材を前記溶湯プールへ供給するステップの前に、前記溶加材を予熱するステップをさらに含む、
請求項10記載の方法。 - 所望の超合金材料は、チタン含有率対アルミニウム含有率を表す超合金グラフに規定された溶接性領域を超えており、
前記溶接性領域の上限は、前記チタン含有率の軸と6重量%で交差し、かつ、前記アルミニウム含有率の軸と3重量%で交差する線によって定められる、
請求項10記載の方法。 - 請求項10記載の方法が室温で実行され、
前記超合金基材及び前記所望の超合金材料の修復面の双方が、3重量%より大きいアルミニウム含有率を有しており、
前記方法は、溶接凝固割れ又はひずみ時効割れなしに、前記基材及び前記修復面に溶接後熱処理を行うステップをさらに含む、方法。
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