JP6085661B1 - Super finishing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a super finishing device for super finishing a crowned outer surface without reciprocating a roller in its axial direction. A super finishing device includes a rocking grindstone holding device 1, a pressing device 1 having a pressing portion that presses a circumferential surface of a roller W in one direction, an oscillation device 4 that integrally vibrates them, and a vibration direction. And a reciprocating device that reciprocates them in the same direction. The rocking grindstone holding device has a grindstone rocking portion 2 that rockably holds the grindstone Gs, and a grindstone pressing portion 3 that presses the grindstone grinding surface against the roller circumferential surface. The pressing direction of the grindstone pressing portion matches the pressing direction of the pressing portion. This pressing direction is orthogonal to the vibration direction of the oscillation device. The grindstone and the pressing part can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the roller at the same time and are arranged in the vibration direction of the oscillation device. The rocking shaft 25 of the grindstone is orthogonal to the vibration direction of the oscillation device and the pressing direction of the pressing portion. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a superfinishing apparatus that superfinishes the outer surface of a roller used in a roller bearing.

  For example, in a cylindrical roller bearing using a cylindrical cylindrical roller as a rolling element and a tapered roller bearing using a truncated cone tapered roller as a rolling element, the roller and the raceway surface (outer ring, inner ring) are in line contact. In such a roller bearing, when the outer shape of the roller is a geometric cylinder or a truncated cone itself, the contact surface pressure becomes excessive at the end of the roller, which may cause deformation of the roller. In order to avoid an excessive contact surface pressure at the end of the roller, the cylindrical roller and the tapered roller are crowned from the rolling surface (circumferential surface) to the end surface.

Regarding the crowning on the rolling surface of the roller, there is disclosed a technique of forming this (crowning) by grinding a prototype (workpiece) of a cylindrical roller or a tapered roller (Patent Document 1).
Furthermore, if superfinishing is performed on the outer peripheral surface including the crowning at the end of the roller, the cylindrical roller bearing and the tapered roller bearing can be operated more smoothly and an improvement in durability can be expected. In order to superfinish the crowning at both ends of the roller, a technique has been proposed in which a grindstone holder that holds a grindstone is swung (Patent Document 2).

JP 2010-017788 A JP 2005-118926 A

  The technique disclosed in the cited document 1 mainly grinds the outer diameter surface of the workpiece into a crowning shape, and does not superfinish the outer diameter surface of the crowning shape. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-290347 discloses that the outer diameter surface is subjected to crowning using a super finishing machine. However, the prior art described in Patent Document 1 performs finishing of the straight portion and cannot superfinish the crowning continuous from the outer peripheral surface to the end surface.

On the other hand, the technique proposed in Patent Document 2 rotates a roller that holds a pair of transport rollers, whose axis centers are inclined, forward and backward, and controls the rotational speed of each transport roller separately. The roller is moved in the direction of the approximate axis of the transport roller, and the crowning is superfinished. In the embodiment described in Patent Document 2, the positions of the rollers moving in the axial direction of the transport roller are detected by a plurality of sensors. The superfinishing is made up of a pair of grindstones that vibrate minutely and a pair of grindstones that swing between them, depending on the position of the detected roller and the set moving direction of the rollers. Two grindstones (one of a very small vibration grindstone and one of a swinging grindstone) are lowered.

  The technique proposed in the cited document 2 requires a long conveying roller because the roller needs to reciprocate in the axial direction, and controls the number of rotations of the pair of conveying rollers for reciprocating the roller. The processing contents are complicated because the position of the moving roller is grasped by the sensor, and the timing of the vertical movement of the two sets of grindstones (grindstone holders) is controlled based on these information.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a super finishing device for super finishing the outer surface of the crowning shape without reciprocating the roller in the axial direction.

The superfinishing apparatus according to the present invention is a superfinishing apparatus that superfinishes the peripheral surface of a roller. Superfinishing apparatus abrasive stone holding device, pressing means for pressing the one specific direction the roller against the workpiece disengagement prevention means comprises a contact can work falling prevention means on the peripheral surface of the roller, grinding stone holding device and It has an oscillation device that holds the pressing means and applies the same super finishing vibration to them, and a reciprocating device that reciprocates the oscillation device in the same direction as the oscillation direction of the oscillation device.

The oscillating grindstone holding device is a grindstone oscillating portion for oscillating the grindstone, and a grindstone that presses the grindstone oscillating portion in a specific direction to bring the grinding surface of the grindstone into contact with the circumferential surface of the roller. It has a pressing part.
Oscillation device grinding stone holding device and the pressing means fixed to the the pressing direction of the pressing direction and the pressing portion of the grinding wheel swinging portion of the grindstone pressing portion coincide. This pressing direction is orthogonal to the vibration direction of the oscillation device. The grindstone and the workpiece drop prevention means are arranged in the vibration direction of the oscillation device so that they can simultaneously contact the peripheral surface of the roller. The rocking shaft of the rocking grindstone is orthogonal to both the vibration direction of the oscillation device and the pressing direction of the workpiece drop prevention means .

Other super finishing apparatuses according to the present invention include a pair of grindstone holding apparatuses, an oscillation apparatus that holds a pair of grindstone holding apparatuses and applies them to the same super finishing vibration, and a pair of grindstone holding apparatuses and oscillations. It has a reciprocating device that reciprocates the device in the same direction as the direction of vibration for super finishing.
The grindstone holding device includes a grindstone rocking portion for rockably holding the grindstone, and a grindstone pressing portion that presses the grindstone rocking portion in a specific direction to bring the grinding surface of the grindstone into contact with the circumferential surface of the roller Have

  The pressing directions of the grindstone pressing portions to the grindstone rocking portion are the same. Further, the pressing direction is orthogonal to the vibration direction of the oscillation device, and the grindstones held by them are arranged in the vibration direction of the oscillation device so that they can simultaneously contact the circumferential surface of the roller. And the rocking | fluctuation axis | shaft of each grindstone which can rock | fluctuate is orthogonal to both the vibration direction of an oscillation apparatus, and the pressing direction of a grindstone press part.

The pressing unit may further include a second workpiece drop prevention unit that can contact the peripheral surface of the roller and press the roller in a specific direction. In this case, the second workpiece drop-off preventing means, the pressing direction to match the pressing direction of the other workpiece disengagement prevention means is integrated into the other workpiece drop-off preventing means. Grinding stone holding device and the pressing means fixed to oscillation device, arranged in the vibration direction on both sides of the grinding wheel across the grinding wheel (the other) workpiece drop-off preventing means and the second workpiece drop-off preventing means oscillation device In addition, the grindstone and the workpiece drop prevention means can be brought into contact with the circumferential surface of the roller simultaneously, and the grindstone and the second workpiece drop prevention means can be brought into contact with the circumferential surface of the roller at the same time.

Either one or both of the workpiece drop prevention means and the second workpiece drop prevention means may be configured to bring the grindstone into contact with the peripheral surface of the roller.
Preferably, the grindstone rocking portion includes a grindstone holding portion that holds the grindstone and a rocking support portion that rockably holds the grindstone holding portion. The grindstone holding unit includes a grindstone hole that penetrates and holds the grindstone, and a cylindrical rocking shaft that projects in both directions different by 180 degrees. The swing support portion is provided with a pair of plate-like arm portions that are parallel to each other and provided with cutouts that house different ones from which the swing shaft protrudes, and the swing shafts that are housed in the cutouts. In order to prevent falling off from the opening, a rocking shaft support member for closing the opening is provided.

  Preferably, the notch is an isosceles triangle having a deepest apex angle when viewed in the direction of the swing axis.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a superfinishing device for superfinishing the outer surface of the crowning shape without reciprocating the roller in the axial direction.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a grindstone holding device. FIG. 2 is a side view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view of the grindstone holding unit. FIG. 4 is a side view taken along the line CC of FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of the grindstone holding device. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a moving cycle by the reciprocating device of the grindstone holding device during super finishing. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of the movement of the grindstone holding device during superfinishing. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the rocking center of the grindstone and the grinding surface of the grindstone. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the measurement results of unevenness in the axial direction of the peripheral surface before and after superfinishing of the tapered roller. FIG. 10 is a view showing the unevenness measurement results in the circumferential direction of the circumferential surface before and after the superfinishing of the tapered roller. FIG. 11 is a front view of a grindstone holding set including another grindstone holding device. FIG. 12 is a left side view of the grindstone holding set. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a moving cycle by the reciprocating device of the grindstone holding set during super finishing.

  1 is a front view of the grindstone holding device 1, FIG. 2 is a side view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of the grindstone rocking portion 2, and FIG. 4 is taken along the line CC of FIG. FIG. 5 is a side view showing the outline of the grindstone holding device 1. FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the grip portion 19. The right half in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5A is a plan view, FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 4, and FIG. 5C is a back view.

The grindstone holding device 1 includes a grindstone rocking portion 2 and a grindstone pressing portion 3.
The grindstone rocking portion 2 includes a grindstone holding portion 11, a rocking support portion 12, a restoring biasing material 13, and a rocking shaft support material 14.
The grindstone holding unit 11 includes a holding unit main body 15, a fixing material 16, and a male screw 17.
The holding part main body 15 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, and a grindstone hole 21 for holding a grindstone passes through between the opposing surfaces having the narrowest width. The grindstone hole 21 extends orthogonally to the open surfaces 22, 22 and is biased to one side of the two surfaces 23, 23 orthogonal to the surfaces 22, 22. The grindstone hole 21 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. The cross-sectional shape of the grindstone hole 21 substantially matches the cross-sectional shape of the grindstone Gs used for superfinishing.

  The holding part main body 15 includes a swing shaft 25 having a circular cross section and extending outwardly from the surfaces 24 and 24 perpendicular to the surfaces 24 and 24 perpendicular to both of the two surfaces 22 and 23 described above. The rocking shaft 25 is disposed at a position biased to one side of the surfaces 22 and 22 where the grinding wheel hole 21 is opened, with the axial center of the rocking shaft 25 being orthogonal to the axial center of the grinding wheel hole 21. The “axial center of the grindstone hole 21” refers to a line connecting centroids in each cross section perpendicular to the penetrating direction of the grindstone hole 21 in the penetrating direction.

The holding part main body 15 has a through hole (hereinafter referred to as “fixing material hole 26”) orthogonal to the axis of the grindstone hole 21 and parallel to the rocking shaft 25 on the side opposite to the side where the grindstone hole 21 is biased. The fixing material hole 26 has a circular cross section, and a part of the peripheral surface is opened in a rectangular shape and communicates with the grindstone hole 21.
The holding body 15 includes a female screw 27 that penetrates the fixing material hole 26 from the front surface (opposite surface of the surface 23) of the grindstone hole 21 and the fixing material hole 26. The holding body 15 is made of a super hard alloy having excellent wear resistance.

The fixing member 16 has a cylindrical shape, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixing member hole 26, and its length is substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the length of the fixing member hole 26. The fixing member 16 has a substantially circular depression at the center in the axial direction.
The male screw 17 is screwed into the female screw 27 of the holding portion main body 15, and the screw portion is longer than the female screw 27.

  The grindstone holding portion 11 has a male screw 17 that is inserted into the fixing material hole 26 so that the recess of the fixing material 16 faces the female screw, and the male screw 17 screwed into the female screw 27 passes through the grindstone Gs. The grindstone Gs is integrated by tightening. In the grindstone holding part 11 (holding part main body 15), the axis of the swing shaft 25, the center line of the fixing material hole 26, and the axis of the female screw 27 exist on the same plane. It is preferable to be orthogonal to the axis.

The swing support part 12 includes a connecting part 31 and a clamping part 32. The connecting portion 31 is a right triangle with an unequal side in the front view (FIG. 3), and is a solid thick plate. In the vicinity of the long side of the triangle, the thickness is reduced by the concave portions 33 on both sides.
The sandwiching portion 32 is formed by a pair of arm portions 34 and 34 projecting outward from the short side of the triangle in the connecting portion 31 in the oblique direction of the triangle. The arm portions 34, 34 are parallel to each other with an interval substantially equal to the thickness of the holding portion main body 15, and each has a plate shape thinner than the connecting portion 31.

The arm portion 34 has a lower surface extending in front of the lower surface of the connecting portion 31 (an oblique side portion in the front view) in front view (FIG. 3), and then the long side of the triangle in the connecting portion 31 (front view). Extending in parallel. The upper surface of the arm portion 34 extends so that the distance from the lower surface gradually decreases as the distance from the connecting portion 31 increases in a front view. The end surface of the arm portion 34 is orthogonal to the lower surface of the connecting portion 31.
Each of the arms 34 and 34 is provided with a notch 35 that opens to the lower surface. The notches 35 extend in parallel from the opening toward the back, and both side surfaces extend. The opposing side surfaces are each bent to the other side at the extended end. That is, the shape on the back side of the notch 35 in the front view is an isosceles triangle. The interval between the side surfaces extending in parallel and facing each other in the notch 35 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the swing shaft 25. The depth of the notch 35 is designed so that the swing shaft 25 slightly protrudes from the notch 35 when the swing shaft 25 having a circular cross section is fitted.

The notch 35 is provided in the vicinity of the extended end of the arm portion 34. The notch 35 in the arm portion 34 is configured so that when the swing shaft 25 of the grindstone holding portion 11 is accommodated in the notches 35 and 35 and swings around the swing shaft 25, the male screw 17 is connected to the connecting portion 31 (the grindstone holding portion 11. Is provided at a position away from the connecting portion 31 so as not to hit the connecting portion 31.
The vicinity of the openings of the notches 35, 35 below the outwardly facing surfaces of the arm portions 34, 34 are inclined so that the width gradually decreases downward. This inclined surface is referred to as a “tapered surface 36”.

The taper surface 36 is for avoiding interference with a pair of rollers Rl and Rr that rotate the roller during superfinishing (see FIG. 2 for the possibility of interference). An inclined surface 37 is also provided on the protruding end sides on both sides of the swing shaft 25 for the same purpose.
The restoring biasing member 13 is a plate-like long and narrow rectangle, and portions at a predetermined distance from both ends are bent at obtuse angles in different directions. The bent end portions are parallel to each other. At one bent end of the restoring urging member 13, a notch 41 that opens at the end in the longitudinal direction is provided. Two holes are provided in the vicinity of the bent other end of the restoring biasing member 13.

The restoring biasing member 13 is fixed by screws 42 and 42 near the end of the recess 33 side of the surface of the connecting portion 31 of the swing support portion 12 facing the clamping portion 32 side. The fixed restoring biasing member 13 has a central portion in the longitudinal direction extending obliquely toward the grindstone holding portion 11, and a portion near one end having the notch 41 is provided on the grindstone holding portion 11 (holding portion main body 15). Touch.
The restoring biasing member 13 is cut when the direction in which the grindstone rocking portion 2 in the grindstone pressing portion 3 to be described later is pressed (the direction in which the rod 51 of the pressing device 18 to be described later extends) and the penetrating direction of the grindstone hole 21 coincide. The degree of bending near both ends is adjusted so that the vicinity of the end side having the notch 41 is in surface contact with the grindstone holding portion 11. The vicinity of the end side having the notch 41 extends from the approximate center of the surface with which the grindstone holding portion 11 contacts to the vicinity of the end on the male screw 17 side. Here, the notch 41 avoids interference between the restoring urging member 13 and the male screw 17, and the restoring urging member 13 can be brought into contact with the side surface of the grindstone holding unit 11 in a larger area. The restoring biasing member 13 is made of spring steel.

  The rocking shaft support member 14 is formed in a strip shape with a metal plate having elasticity. The swing shaft support member 14 covers the lower surface of the connecting portion 31 in the swing support portion 12 and the lower surface of the clamping portion 32 (arm portions 34, 34) that follows this. Therefore, the swing shaft support member 14 is bent along the lower surface of the swing support portion 12 in the middle of the longitudinal direction so as to contact the lower surface of the swing support portion 12. A portion of the rocking shaft support member 14 that covers the lower surface of the sandwiching portion 32 is notched 45 so that the central portion is omitted so as not to hinder the rocking of the grindstone holding portion 11. Further, the arm portions 34, 34 have a narrow bottom surface near the opening of the notch 35 due to the tapered surface 36, and therefore, the width of the portion that is bifurcated by the notch 45 according to this width is narrow.

  The end of the swing shaft support member 14 opposite to the notch 45 is fixed to the lower surface of the connecting portion 31 by two screws 46 and 46. The rocking shaft support member 14 prevents the rocking shaft 25 of the holding unit main body 15 from dropping from the notches 35 and 35 of the clamping unit 32 (arm portions 34 and 34). Furthermore, since the depth of the cutout 35 is set so that the swing shaft 25 slightly protrudes, the swing shaft support member 14 always presses the swing shaft 25 to the back of the notch 35. As a result, the rocking shaft 25 is always in contact with two equilateral parts of the isosceles triangle in the back of the notch 35, and the center of the rocking stone holder 11 during rocking does not change and is stable.

The rocking support part 12 supports the grindstone holding part 11 so as to be rockable in such a posture that the surface 22 on the side where the rocking shaft 25 is biased becomes the rocking shaft support member 14 side.
The restoring urging member 13 functions to return the rocking grindstone holding portion 11 to its reference posture, that is, to return the grind surface of the grindstone Gs to be held to a posture substantially orthogonal to the pressing direction of the pressing device 18 described later ( (Refer FIG.7 (b)). The “grinding surface” refers to the surface of the grindstone Gs that contacts the surface to be ground of the workpiece.

The grindstone pressing unit 3 includes a pressing device 18 and a gripping unit 19.
The pressing device 18 is a double-acting air cylinder. The distal end side of the rod 51 of the pressing device 18 (sometimes referred to as “air cylinder 18”) is connected to the grip portion 19. The rod cover of the air cylinder 18 is provided with a round bar (hereinafter referred to as “guide bar 52”) that protrudes in parallel with the rod 51 toward the outside.

  The grip part 19 includes a grip part main body 53, a fixing part 54, and a guide rod insertion part 55. The grip portion main body 53 has a flat surface (hereinafter referred to as “contact surface 56”) facing the direction in which the rod 51 extends, and the shape of the contact surface 56 is rectangular. The length and width of the abutting surface 56 are substantially the same as the rectangular portion sandwiched between the concave portions 33 on both sides of the connecting portion 31 in the plan view of the swing support portion 12 (FIG. 5A).

One of the contact surfaces 56 corresponding to the long rectangular side is provided with a first claw portion 57 that protrudes on the opposite side of the rod 51 and extends along the long rectangular side. The first claw portion 57 has a shape that fits into one of the concave portions 33 and 33 of the connecting portion 31.
The fixing portion 54 includes a second claw portion 58 having a shape symmetrical to the first claw portion 57. The 2nd nail | claw part 58 is a shape which fits the other of the recessed parts 33 and 33 of the connection part 31 exactly.

The guide rod insertion portion 55 has a guide hole 59 that is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the guide rod 52. A guide rod 52 passes through the guide hole 59, and the guide rod 52 can reciprocate while sliding in the guide hole 59.
In the gripping part 19 and the grindstone swinging part 2, the first claw part 57 of the gripping part main body 53 is fitted into one of the recesses 33, and the surface between the recesses 33, 33 of the connecting part 31 is placed on the contact surface 56. The second claw portion 58 of the fixing portion 54 is integrated with the other concave portion 33 in contact with each other. The grindstone oscillating portion 2 is stably integrated with the grip portion 19 when the connecting portion 31 (recessed portions 33, 33) is strongly sandwiched between the first claw portion 57 and the second claw portion 58.

The guide bar insertion part 55 stabilizes the position of the grip part 19, that is, the grindstone rocking part 2 (grinding wheel Gs grinding surface), by being guided by the guide bar 52 when the rod 51 is extended and contracted.
In the grindstone holding device 1, the rocking shaft 25 (the axis thereof) of the grindstone rocking portion 2 is orthogonal to the reciprocating direction of the rod 51 of the grindstone pressing portion 3. In addition, a pair of rollers Rl and Rr, an oscillation (high-speed vibration) device 4, a reciprocating device, a control device, and the like are provided.

  The pair of rollers Rl and Rr are arranged such that the rotation axes are parallel to each other and horizontally. The outer shape of the pair of rollers Rl and Rr is a truncated cone having the same shape and size when the work W is a tapered roller, and the cylinder having the same shape and size is low when the work is a cylindrical roller. It is. One of the rollers Rl and Rr is driven or both are driven at the same rotational speed and rotate in the same direction during the super finishing process. The rollers Rl and Rr support and rotate the workpiece W between each other during super finishing.

  As for a pair of grindstone holding | maintenance apparatuses 1, 1, each grindstone rocking | fluctuation part 2 and 2 is plane symmetry. In the pair of grindstone holding devices 1, 1, the rocking support portions 12, 12 are arranged so that the vertical planes (rollers Rl, Rr of the rollers R 1, Rr) of the holding portions 32, 32 (respective arm portions 34, 34) The grinding wheel pressing portions 3 and 3 are held by the oscillation device 4 in a symmetrical manner with respect to the plane orthogonal to the rotation axis. In the grindstone holding devices 1, 1 held by the oscillation device 4, both the reciprocating direction of the rod 51 and the swing shaft (the axis thereof) are orthogonal to the direction of fine vibration by the oscillation device 4.

  The oscillation device 4 causes the pair of grindstone holding devices 1 and 1 as a unit to vibrate at high speed (oscillation, linear motion) parallel to the rotation axes of the rollers Rl and Rr. The reciprocating device reciprocates the oscillation device 4 at low speed in parallel with the rotation axes of the rollers Rl and Rr. The movement direction of the oscillation device 4 by the reciprocating device is the same as the oscillation direction by the oscillation device 4.

The control device performs the number of rotations of the rollers Rl and Rr, the oscillation frequency, the moving speed of the reciprocating device, the moving range, the working fluid pressure of the air cylinder 18 and the processing time.
Next, the superfinishing processing of the outer surface of the crowned shape of the tapered roller (workpiece) W by the superfinishing apparatus provided with the grindstone holding device 1 will be described.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a movement cycle by the reciprocating device of the grindstone holding device 1 (grindstone rocking portion 2) during superfinishing, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of the movement of the grindstone holding device 1 during superfinishing.
At the time of super finishing, the rollers Rl and Rr rotate at a predetermined rotation speed, and the work W supported thereby rotates. Air (working fluid) having a set pressure is supplied to the air cylinders 18 and 18 in each of the grindstone holding devices 1 and 1, and the grindstone rocking units 2 and 2 hold the grindstones Gs and Gs to be held on the outer periphery of the workpiece W. Press against the surface. In this state, the oscillation device 4 vibrates at high speed in the axial direction of the workpiece W (vibration width Ow) and superfinishes the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W.

The grinding surface of the grindstone Gs (surface that grinds the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W) is preferably a concave curved surface with the high-speed fine vibration direction as a generating line.
The reciprocating device of the super finishing device reciprocates the grindstones Gs and Gs together with the oscillation device 4 from one end surface of the workpiece W to the other end surface. For this reciprocating movement, for example, assuming that FIG. 6A is the starting point of movement, the grindstones Gs and Gs move to one end face side while oscillating (FIG. 6B), and the grindstone Gs on the end face side is moved to the end face. When the small radius of curvature portion is reached, this grindstone Gs maintains the oscillation state while being inclined according to the degree of curvature of the end face (FIGS. 6C and 7B).

In the grindstone Gs inclined on one end face side, the deepest position of the curved grinding face is pressed against the end face of the workpiece W. At this time, the grindstone Gs grinds the workpiece W within a minute range at the deepest position of the grinding surface. The generatrix (of the curved surface) in this minute range of the grinding surface should coincide with the tangent (of the cross section including the axis) on the surface to be ground of the end surface of the workpiece W (assuming that the minute range is a “point”) In addition, the grindstone Gs vibrates slightly. Therefore, the grindstone Gs on one end face side moves up and down in accordance with the grinding position of the small curvature radius portion by the reciprocating movement (slowly by the reciprocating device) and the fine vibration (Rm in FIG. 7A). At this time, the other grindstone G located on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W
s also moves up and down according to the crowning of the outer peripheral surface, but the degree is smaller than that of one grindstone Gs.

Here, the restoring biasing member 13 has a weaker restoring force than the pressing force by the air cylinder 18, and in the posture (left side) shown in FIG. without interfering with the transmission of), to allow swinging (tilting) of the grindstone holder 11 corresponding to the curvature of the circumferential surface.
The air cylinders 18 and 18 in the pair of grindstone holding devices 1 and 1 are supplied with pressurized air from the same pressure source. Each of the air cylinders 18 and 18 with which the working fluid communicates functions to buffer the difference in the vertical movement of the grindstone rocking portions 2 and 2.

After the oscillation device 4 reaches the moving end on the one end surface side of the workpiece W, the reciprocating device moves the oscillation device 4 toward the other end surface side of the workpiece W (FIG. 6 (c) → ( b) → (a) → (d) → (e)). The pair of grindstone holding devices 1, 1 perform the same operation on the other end face side of the workpiece W as on the one end face side.
The superfinishing device causes the grinding wheels Gs and Gs held by the pair of grinding wheel holding devices 1 and 1 to slightly vibrate while repeating the reciprocating movement cycle shown in FIG. 6 to superfinish the peripheral surface of the workpiece W.

The reason why the grindstone holding device 1 (grindstone Gs) is paired (two) is as follows.
The widths of the rollers Rl and Rr are smaller than the length of the workpiece W (dimension in the axial direction), and both ends of the workpiece W held by the rollers Rl and Rr come out of the rollers Rl and Rr (FIG. 7). .
When one grindstone Gs grinds a small radius of curvature near one end face of the workpiece W (FIGS. 6C and 6E), the force F with which the grindstone Gs presses the workpiece W is the rollers Rl and Rr. Is used as a fulcrum Rf (the fulcrum Rf is generated in each of the rollers Rl and Rr), and the other end face side of the workpiece W is lifted. Therefore, when the grindstone holding device 1 (grindstone Gs) is one, when the grindstone Gs grinds the vicinity of one end of the workpiece W, the other end side of the workpiece W is lifted (FIG. 7B), and the workpiece W is a roller. There is a risk of dropping from Rl and Rr.

  In the superfinishing apparatus including the pair of grindstone holding devices 1, 1, the other grindstone Gs that grinds the inner circumferential surface presses with the same working fluid pressure as the one grindstone Gs that grinds the end side of the workpiece W. As a result, the workpiece W is lifted from the other end face that is not ground from the rollers Rl and Rr, and is prevented from falling off from the rollers Rl and Rr, and the entire crowning by the grindstones Gs and Gs is smoothly and stably superfinished. Allows continuation.

6C and 6E, a force that moves the workpiece W in the axial direction is exerted by the grindstone Gs on the end side of the workpiece W, but the other grindstone Gs presses the workpiece W from above. Therefore, the workpiece W is ground and the end portion and the inner circumferential surface in the axial direction are ground without moving.
By using a pair of grindstones Gs, the grinding surface is doubled compared to one, and naturally it is possible to expect a reduction in superfinishing time. However, even with one grindstone, if the grinding surface is enlarged, the time can be shortened accordingly. Therefore, the main effect of the pair of grindstones Gs, Gs (the pair of grindstone holding devices 1, 1) is as follows. This makes it possible to stably support the workpiece W by the rollers Rl and Rr.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the rocking center Cs of the grindstone Gs and the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs.
FIG. 8A shows that the dimension L (referred to as “grinding wheel width L”) in the fine vibration (oscillation) direction on the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs is a distance H (from the grindstone Gs grinding surface of the rocking center Cs of the grindstone Gs. (L> H) is shown. FIG. 8B shows a case where the grindstone width L is smaller than the swing center height H (L <H). In addition, the ratio of the grindstone width L and the swing center height H in FIG. 8 is an example.

  In the case of L> H, the rocking center Cs of the rockable part after the grindstone Gs is fixed, that is, the rocking of the grindstone holding part 11 and the grindstone Gs (these are referred to as “rocking bodies”). The center Cs is closer to the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs (the workpiece W at the time of superfinishing) than the center of gravity of the oscillating body, as compared with the case of L <H. Further, in the holding portion main body 15 where L> H, the swing shaft 25 is disposed at a position biased to one side of the surfaces 22 and 22 where the grindstone hole 21 opens, that is, a position closer to the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs. Thus, the design is made such that the grindstone of the grindstone Gs is brought closer to the center of gravity of the oscillator.

  By the way, at the time of super finishing, the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs is pressed against the surface to be ground of the workpiece W by a pressing device (air cylinder) 18, and a force that tries to stop on the ground surface is applied to the grinding surface even during oscillation. . The force to stop (friction force with the grinding surface) and the weight of the portion of the rocking body from the rocking shaft 25 to the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs are high-speed reciprocating movements of the grindstone holding portions 11 and 11 in super finishing ( This influences the followability of the rocking body (grinding stones Gs, Gs) to the oscillation (Ow).

In the grindstone holding portion 11 (FIG. 8A) where L> H, the weight of the portion from the rocking shaft 25 to the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs in the rocking body is small. Therefore, the grindstone Gs (oscillator) reciprocates on the surface to be ground of the workpiece W as the oscillation device 4 reciprocates during superfinishing.
On the other hand, in the case of L <H shown in FIG. 8B, the weight of the part from the rocking shaft 25 to the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs is large in the rocking body, and the rocking body is reciprocated by the oscillation device 4. Accordingly, there is a high possibility of swinging around the swing shaft 25 without reciprocating. Then, the grindstone Gs does not reciprocate on the surface to be ground of the workpiece W, and superfinishing is not performed.

The rocking shaft 25 of the grindstone holding portion 11 (the holding portion main body 15, the fixing member 16, and the male screw 17) is at least the center of gravity of the grindstone that is held in the grindstone holding portion 11 state that holds the grindstone Gs. It is preferable to be provided on the grinding surface side and be as close to the grinding surface as possible. L> H is a specific example of this preferred requirement.
This means, for example, that when you hold a pencil near the sharpening point (exposed core) and when you hold it far away from the sharpening point, the character and line etc. Common to writing as intended.

When the grindstone width L of the grindstone is smaller than the length of the workpiece W, a long time is required for super finishing. Moreover, when the grindstone width L of the grindstone is excessively larger than the length of the workpiece W, the design restrictions around the grindstone increase. Therefore, an appropriate value is selected as the grindstone width L of the grindstone in consideration of the length of the workpiece W (dimension in the axial direction).
FIG. 9 is a view showing measurement results of roughness (roughness) in the axial direction of the peripheral surface before and after superfinishing of the tapered roller W, and FIG. 10 is a measurement result of unevenness in the circumferential direction of the circumferential surface before and after superfinishing of the tapered roller W. FIG. The circumferential surface of the tapered roller W in each figure has a crowning shape in the axial direction.

In FIG. 10, “pre-processing” is before super-finishing, “after-processing” is after super-finishing, and each numerical value (for example, 0.62 μm in “pre-processing”) is a maximum unevenness difference around the arrow S.
The degree of superfinishing varies depending on the superfinishing conditions, such as the grindstone used, the frequency of oscillation, the superfinishing processing time, and the like. FIGS. 9 and 10 are examples of superfinishing performed under general superfinishing conditions by a superfinishing apparatus including a pair of grindstone holding devices 1 and 1. From FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the super finishing device provided with the pair of grindstone holding devices 1 and 1 is such that the shaft of the tapered roller W having a crowned shape without reciprocating the tapered roller (work W) in its axial direction. Good superfinishing is possible at the direction end.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a grindstone holding set including another grindstone holding device 1B, and FIG. 12 is a left side view of the grindstone holding set.
The grindstone holding set includes a grindstone holding device 1B and a fixed grindstone device 5B.
The grindstone holding device 1B includes a grindstone rocking portion 2B and a grindstone pressing portion 3.
The grindstone rocking part 2B includes a grindstone holding part 11, a rocking support part 12B, a restoring biasing material 13B, and a rocking shaft support material 14B.

The grindstone holding unit 11 is substantially the same as that in the grindstone holding device 1, and the same reference numerals as those in the grindstone holding device 1 are given in each drawing, and the description thereof is omitted.
The swing support part 12B is composed of a connecting part 31B and a sandwiching part 32B, and the shape of the front view (FIG. 11) is a trapezoid in which the apex side of the inverted isosceles triangle is missing. The connecting portion 31B is a solid thick plate on the base side of the isosceles triangle. Both surfaces near the bottom of the triangle are thinned by the recesses 33 and 33.

The sandwiching portion 32B is a portion on the apex side of the isosceles triangle, and is formed by a pair of plate-like arm portions 34B and 34B protruding in parallel outward from the connecting portion 31.
The arm portions 34B, 34B are provided with a notch 35 that opens to the upper base of the trapezoidal shape, that is, the lower surface in FIG. The notch 35 is the same as that in the grindstone holding device 1, and the description thereof is omitted.

The restoring biasing member 13B is a plate-like long and narrow rectangle, and portions at a predetermined distance from both ends are bent at obtuse angles in different directions. The shape of the restoring biasing member 13B is slightly different from that of the restoring biasing member 13 in the grindstone holding device 1, but the function thereof is the same, and the screws 42 and 42 are used to connect to the connecting portion 31B in the same manner as the restoring biasing member 13. Fixed.
The rocking shaft support member 14B is only slightly different in shape from the rocking shaft support member 14 in the grindstone holding device 1, and its configuration and operational effects are the same as those of the rocking shaft support member 14 in the grindstone holding device 1.

The grindstone pressing unit 3 is the same as the grindstone pressing unit 3 in the grindstone holding device 1.
The grindstone holding device 1B is fixed to the oscillation device 4 so that the reciprocating direction of the rod 51 of the air cylinder 18 and the axis of the swing shaft 25 are both orthogonal to the fine vibration direction of the oscillation device 4.
The fixed grindstone device 5 </ b> B includes a grindstone fixing device 6 </ b> B and a grindstone pressing unit 3.

The grindstone pressing unit 3 in the fixed grindstone device 5B is the same as the grindstone pressing unit 3 in the grindstone holding device 1B.
The grindstone fixing device 6B includes a first arm 61B, a second arm 62B, and an arm connecting portion 63B.
The first arm 61B is elongated as a whole, and one end side is connected to the rod 51 of the air cylinder 18 in the grindstone pressing portion 3. The same end as the guide rod insertion portion 55 in the grindstone holding device 1B is provided on one end side of the first arm 61B, and the first arm 61B is guided by the guide rod 52 when the rod 51 is extended and contracted, so that it can stably reciprocate. Move.

The first arm 61B extends for a while from the connecting portion with the rod 51 in the reciprocating direction of the rod 51, and bends at an obtuse angle from the middle. The first arm 61B can fix the grindstone Gs at the other end, that is, in the vicinity of the bent tip. The first arm 61B fixes the grindstone Gs so that the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs is substantially oriented in the extending direction of the rod 51.
The second arm 62B is elongated as a whole, and can fix the grindstone Gs in the vicinity of one end.

  The arm connecting portion 63B has a “U” shape in plan view (viewed from above in FIGS. 11 and 12). In the arm connecting portion 63B, one end of the “U” shape is continuous with the end of the portion extending in the same direction as the extension of the rod 51 in the first arm 61B, and the portion just before bending. The other “U” -shaped end of the arm connecting portion 63B is continuous with the end of the second arm 62B opposite to the end where the grindstone Gs can be fixed.

In the grindstone fixing device 6B, in a front view (FIG. 11), the first arm 61B and the second arm 62B approach each other from the connecting portion with the arm connecting portion 63B toward the portion where the grindstone Gs can be fixed.
The grindstone pressing unit 3 is the same as the grindstone pressing unit 3 in the grindstone holding device 1.
The grindstone holding device 1B is fixed to the oscillation device 4 such that the reciprocating direction of the rod 51 of the air cylinder 18 and the axis of the swing shaft 25 are both orthogonal to the fine vibration direction of the oscillation device 4. .

  The fixed grindstone device 5B is fixed to the oscillation device 4 along with the grindstone holding device 1B. In the fixed grindstone device 5B, the “U” -shaped arm connecting portion 63B wraps behind the grindstone rocking portion 2B of the grindstone holding device 1B in a front view. In the fixed grindstone device 5B, the grindstone Gs and Gs fixing end portions of the first arm 61B and the second arm 62B are located between the grindstone holding portions 11 of the grindstone rocking portion 2B, and the grindstone Gs and Gs fixing end portions are positioned therebetween. The grindstone holder 11 is arranged in a line in the reciprocating direction of the oscillation device 4.

The air cylinder 18 of the fixed grindstone device 5B and the air cylinder 18 of the grindstone holding device 1B have a common pressure source for the working fluid (air) and extend at the same air pressure. The grindstones Gs, Gs fixed to the first arm 61B and the second arm 62B in the fixed grindstone device 5B move up and down together with the expansion and contraction of the air cylinder 18.
At the time of super finishing, the grindstone holding set includes at least one of the grindstones Gs and Gs fixed to the first arm 61B and the second arm 62B and the grindstone while the reciprocating device that fixes the oscillation device 4 reciprocates. The grindstone Gs held by the holding unit 11 is designed so as to be in contact with (press) the circumferential surface of the workpiece W to be superfinished.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a moving cycle by the reciprocating device of the grindstone holding set during super finishing.
(A) to (e) in FIG. 13 correspond to (a) to (e) in FIG.
In the grindstone holding set, only the grindstone holding device 1B that holds the rocking grindstone Gs is involved in the superfinishing of the crowned shape peripheral surface of the workpiece W end. In FIG. 13C, when the grindstone of the grindstone holding device 1B grinds the left end portion of the work W, the grindstone Gs of the second arm 62B comes off to the left outside of the work W, and the grindstone Gs of the first arm 61B is disengaged. Grind the inner circumferential surface of W. At this time, the grindstone Gs of the first arm 61B prevents the right side of the workpiece W from being lifted by the grindstone Gs of the grindstone rocking portion 2B pressing the left end portion of the workpiece W.

Similarly, in FIG. 13E, the grindstone Gs of the first arm 61B is disengaged to the right outside of the workpiece W, and the grindstone Gs of the second arm 62B grinds the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece W while the workpiece W is ground. To prevent the left side of the
In the fixed grindstone device 5B, the first arm 61B and the second arm 62B move up and down in conjunction with each other. Therefore, even when one of the grindstones Gs is detached from the workpiece W (FIGS. 13C and 13E), the detached grindstone Gs is positioned at substantially the same height as the other grindstone Gs, and the rocking grindstone Gs is When grinding in the vicinity of the end face of the workpiece W and moving inward again (FIGS. 13B and 13D), the grindstone Gs at the detached position can smoothly return to the peripheral surface of the workpiece W.

The superfinishing apparatus provided with the grindstone holding set can superfinish the outer surface of the crowning shape without reciprocating the tapered roller and the cylindrical roller in the axial direction.
In the grindstone holding set shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the grindstone fixing device having only the first arm 61 </ b> B without the second arm 62 </ b> B and the arm connecting portion 63 </ b> B can be provided. In this case, since the grinding wheel holding set is difficult to grind the end surface of the workpiece W on the side of the grinding wheel fixing device with respect to the grinding wheel holding device 1B during super finishing, the workpiece W is reversed and the other end surface is ground. .

  In place of the grindstones Gs and Gs of the first arm 61B and the second arm 62B in the grindstone holding set, a surface corresponding to the grinding surface of the grindstone Gs fixed to these is formed as a self-lubricating member. Also good. Each alternative does not have a grinding function, but prevents lifting of the end opposite to the end to which the grindstone Gs of the grindstone holding device 1B grinds in the state of FIGS. 13 (c) and 13 (e). be able to. As a result, the grindstone holding set to which the substitute is fixed can superfinish the outer surface of the crowning shape without reciprocating the tapered roller and the cylindrical roller in the axial direction. As a member having self-lubricating properties, for example, a fluororesin such as PTFE is employed.

When there is a possibility that the workpiece W may move in the axial direction at the time of super finishing due to the replacement of the grindstones Gs, Gs of the first arm 61B and the second arm 62B with the substitute (self-lubricating property of the substitute) Movement prevention stoppers may be provided on both sides of the workpiece W in the axial direction.
In the above-described embodiment, the pair of grindstone holding devices 1 and 1 has the wobble rocking portions 2 and 2 symmetric with respect to the plane. 2 may be used for superfinishing equipment.

  In addition, each structure or overall structure, shape, size, number, material, etc. of the grindstone holding device 1, 1B, super finishing device, and grindstone holding device 1, 1B, super finishing device are appropriately determined in accordance with the spirit of the present invention. Can be changed.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for an apparatus for superfinishing the outer surface of a roller used for a roller bearing.

1,1B whetstone holding equipment 2,2B grindstone swinging portion 3 grindstone pressing portion 4 oscillation apparatus 5B bonded wheels equipment 11 whetstone holding portion 12,12B pivot support portion 14,14B pivot shaft support 21 whetstone hole 25 swing shaft 34,34B (the pair of clamping portions) arms 35 (holding portion) notch 61B first arm <br/> 62B second arm <br/> 63B arm connecting portions Gs abrasive stone <br /> W (work)

Claims (6)

A super finishing device for super finishing the peripheral surface of a roller,
Abrasive stone holding device,
A pressing means that comprises a workpiece drop prevention means capable of contacting the peripheral surface of the roller and presses the roller in a specific direction against the workpiece drop prevention means ;
Before holding the Kitogi stone holding device and the pressing means and the oscillation device for vibrating for the same superfinishing to,
A reciprocating device for reciprocating the oscillation device in the same direction as the vibration direction by the oscillation device,
Before Kitogi stone holding device,
A grindstone rocking part for holding the grindstone so that it can rock,
A grindstone pressing portion that presses the grindstone rocking portion in a specific direction to bring the grinding surface of the grindstone into contact with the circumferential surface of the roller, and
Kitogi stone holding device and the pressing means before being fixed to the oscillation device,
The pressing direction of the grindstone pressing portion to the grindstone rocking portion matches the pressing direction of the pressing means ,
The pressing direction is orthogonal to the vibration direction of the oscillation device;
The grindstone and the workpiece fall-off prevention means are arranged in the vibration direction of the oscillation device so that they can simultaneously contact the circumferential surface of the roller,
The swinging shaft of the grindstone capable of swinging is orthogonal to both the vibration direction and the pressing direction of the oscillation device. A pair of grindstone holding devices;
An oscillation device that holds the pair of grindstone holding devices and gives them the same super finishing vibration;
A reciprocating device for reciprocating the pair of grindstone holding devices and the oscillation device in the same direction as the vibration direction for super finishing,
The grindstone holding device is:
A grindstone rocking part for holding the grindstone so that it can rock,
A grindstone pressing portion that presses the grindstone rocking portion in a specific direction to bring the grinding surface of the grindstone into contact with the circumferential surface of the roller, and
The pressing direction of each of the grindstone pressing portions to the grindstone swinging portion matches,
The pressing direction is orthogonal to the vibration direction of the oscillation device;
The grindstones held by them are arranged in the vibration direction of the oscillation device so that they can simultaneously contact the peripheral surface of the rollers,
In addition, the super finishing device, wherein a rocking axis of each of the grindstones capable of rocking is orthogonal to both the vibration direction and the pressing direction of the oscillation device. The pressing means further includes second workpiece drop prevention means that can contact the circumferential surface of the roller and press the roller in a specific direction.
It said second workpiece drop-off preventing means is integrated with the workpiece drop-off preventing means to match the pressing direction to the pressing direction of the workpiece drop-off preventing means,
Kitogi stone holding device and the pressing means before being fixed to the oscillation device,
The workpiece drop prevention means and the second workpiece drop prevention means are arranged in the vibration direction of the oscillation device on both sides of the grindstone with the grindstone interposed therebetween,
In addition, the grindstone and the workpiece drop prevention means can be brought into contact with the circumferential surface of the roller at the same time, and the grindstone and the second workpiece drop prevention means can be brought into contact with the circumferential surface of the roller at the same time. The superfinishing apparatus according to claim 1. The workpiece drop-off preventing means and said second workpiece drop-off preventing means, superfinishing apparatus of claim 3 having a contact capable of grinding the peripheral surface of the roller before Symbol either or both. The grindstone rocking part is
A grindstone holding part for holding a grindstone;
A rocking support portion that rockably holds the grindstone holding portion,
The grindstone holding part is
A grindstone hole for penetrating and holding the grindstone,
A cylindrical rocking shaft protruding in both directions different by 180 degrees,
The swing support part is
A pair of plate-like arm portions provided with notches for accommodating different ones protruding from the swing shaft and parallel to each other;
5. A rocking shaft support member that closes the opening in order to prevent the rocking shaft accommodated in the notch from falling off the opening of the notch. 6. The super finishing device according to item. The superfinishing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the cutout is an isosceles triangle having a deepest apex angle when viewed in the swing axis direction.