JP6079986B2 - How to disassemble sludge and turn it into sand - Google Patents
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- JP6079986B2 JP6079986B2 JP2012117804A JP2012117804A JP6079986B2 JP 6079986 B2 JP6079986 B2 JP 6079986B2 JP 2012117804 A JP2012117804 A JP 2012117804A JP 2012117804 A JP2012117804 A JP 2012117804A JP 6079986 B2 JP6079986 B2 JP 6079986B2
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 100
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 description 34
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 12
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000737241 Cocos Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000257465 Echinoidea Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010230 functional analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000462 iron(III) oxide hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、ヘドロ（汚濁底質）を分解して砂地化する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for decomposing sludge (polluted sediment) into sand .
河川の浄化や海の磯焼け防止等の水環境保全のためにフルボ酸鉄が使用されている（引用文献１、２参照）。フルボ酸は腐植物質の一形態であり、長い年月をかけて植物の葉や茎の部分が腐食して出来た有機成分を腐植物質と言い、例えば、森に永い歳月を経て堆積した腐葉土や好気条件下で腐熟された完熟堆肥がそれである。この腐植物質には酸により沈殿する分画をフミン酸と呼び、沈殿しない分画をフルボ酸と呼び、このフルボ酸と鉄（Ｆｅ）が反応してフルボ酸鉄ができる。 Iron fulvic acid is used for water environment conservation such as purification of rivers and prevention of sea burning (see cited references 1 and 2). Fulvic acid is a form of humic substance, and organic components that are formed by corroding the leaves and stems of plants over a long period of time are called humic substances. For example, humic soil deposited in forests over a long period of time It is a mature compost that has been ripened under aerobic conditions. In this humic substance, the fraction that precipitates with an acid is called humic acid, and the fraction that does not precipitate is called fulvic acid, and this fulvic acid reacts with iron (Fe) to produce iron fulvic acid.
鉄イオンを含む製紙スラッジに汚泥(下水汚泥又は食品廃棄物等)と発酵菌(キノコ菌、放線菌等)を混合し、発酵処理した物や又は木屑と汚泥、鉄イオン含有物(ポリ硫酸第二鉄、塩化第二鉄、シリカー鉄系無機凝集剤等)、発酵菌を混合し、その発酵途中に光フェントン反応により、フルボ酸鉄含有物質を生成する。この物質より微量のフルボ酸鉄が溶出し、海や河川に流出することによって、生態系を活性化し海や河川の水質改善を図ることが可能になる。 Paper sludge containing iron ions is mixed with sludge (sewage sludge or food waste, etc.) and fermenting bacteria (mushrooms, actinomycetes, etc.), fermented or wood chips and sludge, iron ion containing substances (polysulfuric acid Ferric acid, ferric chloride, silica-iron inorganic flocculant, etc.) and fermenting bacteria are mixed, and an iron fulvic acid-containing substance is produced by the photo-Fenton reaction during the fermentation. When a small amount of iron fulvic acid is eluted from this substance and flows into the sea or river, it becomes possible to activate the ecosystem and improve the water quality of the sea or river.
フルボ酸鉄を溶出する形態として、前記特許文献1には、二価鉄含有物質と腐植含有物質をココナッツ繊維からなる袋材に詰めた水域環境保全材料が記載されている。また、前記特許文献２には、ダム湖底に堆積した腐植物等の堆積物を採取して固形化した固形有機態と、二価鉄含有物質とを収納したイオン溶出性収容体が記載されている。このイオン溶出性収容体は、透水性のココナッツヤシ繊維を袋にした中袋と、この中袋の外側を覆うヤシネットとの二重構造の袋体であり、中袋の中に固形有機態と鉄含有物質を所定量投入し、開口部を封止したものである。 As a form for eluting fulvic acid iron, Patent Document 1 describes a water environment conservation material in which a divalent iron-containing substance and a humus-containing substance are packed in a bag made of coconut fiber. Patent Document 2 describes an ion-eluting container that contains a solid organic state obtained by collecting and solidifying sediments such as humus deposited on the bottom of a dam lake, and a divalent iron-containing substance. Yes. This ion-eluting container is a double-structured bag body consisting of a water-permeable coconut palm fiber bag and a palm net covering the outside of the bag. A predetermined amount of iron-containing material is charged and the opening is sealed.
前記特許文献に記載されている鉄イオン溶出体は、二価鉄含有物質が繊維からなる袋体に詰められていることから鉄イオンの溶出が早いので、寿命が短いという欠点があった。 The iron ion eluent described in the above-mentioned patent document has a drawback that the life of the iron ion elution body is short because the iron ion elution is quick because the divalent iron-containing substance is packed in a bag body made of fibers.
そこで、本発明は、フルボ酸鉄の溶出を長期間にわたって維持することによって河川の浄化、海の磯焼け防止、魚の養殖場の浄化等の水環境を保全することが可能なフルボ酸鉄を溶出する水環境浄化用コンクリートブロックによりヘドロを分解して砂地化する方法を提供するものである。 Therefore, the present invention elutes fulvic acid iron that can preserve the water environment such as purification of rivers, prevention of sea urchin burning, and purification of fish farms by maintaining elution of iron fulvic acid over a long period of time. The present invention provides a method for decomposing sludge and converting it to sand using a concrete block for water environment purification.
本願請求項１の発明は、コンクリート１００質量％に対してフルボ酸鉄を溶出するフルボ酸鉄含有資材を３質量％〜５０質量％含み、前記フルボ酸鉄含有資材が腐植物質資材と放線菌が混合されて生成されたフルボ酸鉄含有資材であるとともにシリカー鉄系のＰＳＩが混合されているコンクリートブロックをヘドロが堆積する場所に設置することを特徴とするヘドロを分解して砂地化する方法である。 The invention of claim 1, fulvic iron fulvic iron-containing material eluting 3% by mass to 50% seen including a against 100 wt% concrete, the fulvic iron-containing material is humic substances Materials and actinomycetes A method of disassembling sludge and converting it to sandy ground, wherein a concrete block which is an iron-containing fulvic acid-containing material and mixed with silica-iron-based PSI is installed in a place where the sludge accumulates It is.
本発明の水環境浄化用コンクリートブロックで使用するコンクリートは、骨材、セメント、水を混練した通常のコンクリートである。 The concrete used in the concrete block for water environment purification of the present invention is ordinary concrete in which aggregate, cement and water are kneaded.
本発明で使用するフルボ酸鉄含有資材は、公知の腐植物質(腐葉土、木屑、製紙スラッジ、ダム低土等)と鉄イオン物質を混合し、光フェントン反応により生成したフルボ酸鉄を含有する資材であればよく、特に限定されるものではない。 The material containing iron fulvic acid used in the present invention is a material containing iron fulvic acid produced by a photo-Fenton reaction by mixing a known humic substance (humus soil, wood chip, paper sludge, dam low soil, etc.) and an iron ion substance. There is no particular limitation as long as it is sufficient.
本発明で使用する鉄含有物質は、一般に市販されているポリ硫酸第二鉄、塩化第二鉄、シリカー鉄系凝集剤（ＰＳＩ）の溶液状のもの又は鉄鋼スラグ等で、特に限定されるものではない。また、使い捨てカイロ中の鉄分、市販の鉄分も使用できる。 The iron-containing material used in the present invention is generally limited to commercially available polyferric sulfate, ferric chloride, silica-iron type flocculant (PSI) solution or steel slag, etc. is not. Moreover, the iron content in a disposable body warmer and a commercially available iron content can also be used.
フルボ酸鉄含有物質混合割合は、コンクリート１００質量％に対して、フルボ酸鉄含有資材３質量％〜５０質量％である。鉄含有物質は、水中にフルボ酸鉄を放出していく量があればよい。 The mixing ratio of the fulvic acid iron-containing substance is 3% by mass to 50% by mass of the fulvic acid iron-containing material with respect to 100% by mass of the concrete. The iron-containing substance only needs to have an amount that releases iron fulvic acid into water.
本発明のコンクリートブロックは、Ｆｅは酸化作用から守られるが、２ｃｍ（２０，０００μｍ）のコンクリートは 約６０年で中性化するので、１００μｍのセメント被覆は約４ケ月で中性化され、フルボ酸鉄含有資材中の余剰のフルボ酸とＦｅが結合しやすい状態となる。 In the concrete block of the present invention, Fe is protected from oxidation, but 2 cm (20,000 μm) concrete is neutralized in about 60 years, so that a 100 μm cement coating is neutralized in about 4 months. The surplus fulvic acid in the iron oxide-containing material and Fe are easily bonded.
製造上、１００〜２，０００μｍの範囲でコンクリート層が形成されているのでＦｅは順次６年ほどフルボ酸と反応して、フルボ酸鉄を放出することとなる。フルボ酸については、木片に付着させた放線菌などの微生物で順次生成される。 Since a concrete layer is formed in the range of 100 to 2,000 μm in production, Fe reacts with fulvic acid sequentially for about 6 years to release iron fulvic acid. Fulvic acid is sequentially produced by microorganisms such as actinomycetes attached to wood chips.
本発明の水環境浄化用コンクリートブロックは、ヘドロを、温度・酸素濃度（ＤＯ）、淡水・海水に関係なく、分解することが可能となる。ヘドロ分解後は、通常の微生物による浄化を継続することができる。 The concrete block for water environment purification of the present invention can decompose sludge regardless of temperature / oxygen concentration (DO), fresh water / seawater. After sludge degradation, purification by normal microorganisms can be continued.
また、本発明の水環境浄化用コンクリートブロックは、ヘドロ場所に投入するだけなので、非常に簡単な施工が可能となる。 Moreover, since the concrete block for water environment purification of this invention is only thrown into the sludge place, very simple construction is attained.
本発明のフルボ酸鉄資材を含有した水環境浄化用コンクリートブロック（以下、単に「ブロック」という。）は、セメント、骨材、フルボ酸鉄資材、水を混合し、例えば平板状のブロックを形成する。ブロックは透水性がある。骨材に鉄鋼スラグを使用し、鉄分の補給をすることも出来る。 Water Environment purifying concrete blocks containing fulvic iron material of the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as "block".) Is cement, aggregate, fulvic iron materials, of water were mixed, for example, a flat block formation To do. The block is permeable. Steel slag can be used for the aggregate to supply iron.
ブロックの形状は、図1（ａ）に示す平板状のブロックや図1（ｂ）に示す凹凸を有するブロックだけでなく、（ｃ）に示すように、ブロックに底付きの穴部を形成し、その中にフルボ酸鉄資材を充填してキャップで塞いだ形状にし、ブロックは透水性があるので、穴部のフルボ酸鉄資材は適宜溶出し、浄化効果を発揮する。溶出量は、ブロックの透水性能により決定する。 The shape of the block is not only a flat block shown in FIG. 1 (a) or a block having irregularities shown in FIG. 1 (b), but also a hole with a bottom formed in the block as shown in (c). Since the fulvic acid material is filled with a cap and closed with a cap, and the block is permeable to water, the fulvic acid material in the hole is appropriately eluted and exhibits a purification effect. The amount of elution is determined by the water permeability of the block.
フルボ酸は長い年月をかけて植物の葉や茎の部分が腐食して出来た有機成分であるが、長い年月を短縮するために自然界で腐植物質を生成するために必要な放線菌・光合成細菌・バチルス菌などの自然界に存在する有用微生物群を添加し、空気を加えながら発酵させることで時間を短縮する。条件にもよるが約１０日間で醗酵可能である。 Fulvic acid is an organic component produced by corroding the leaves and stems of plants over a long period of time. However, actinomycetes necessary to produce humic substances in nature to shorten the long years Add useful microorganisms that exist in nature such as photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus bacteria, and ferment while adding air to reduce time. Depending on the conditions, it can be fermented in about 10 days.
本発明の実施例で使用するフルボ酸鉄資材は、フルボ酸を短期間に生成するために、木片チップに、下水汚泥又は食品工場汚泥と有用微生物（放線菌・光合成細菌・バチルス菌・キノコ菌など）を混合し、発酵処理（２０日間）して製造され、これに可溶性の鉄を含んだシリカー鉄系のＰＳＩを混合し、太陽光の当る所に２０日程度放置し、フルボ酸鉄を生成した資材である。 In order to produce fulvic acid in a short period of time, the fulvic acid iron material used in the examples of the present invention is made of wood chip, sewage sludge or food factory sludge and useful microorganisms (actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus bacteria, mushrooms Etc.), fermented (20 days), and mixed with silica-iron-based PSI containing soluble iron, and left in a place exposed to sunlight for about 20 days. It is the generated material.
＜ブロックからのフルボ酸および鉄イオン溶出試験結果＞
試験条件
フルボ酸鉄資材含有（１０質量％）ブロック：８７．５ｇ
水道水：４００ｃｃ
期間：３３日間
検査機関： 株式会社 日本食品機能分析研究所
検査水：２５０ｍｌ 持ち込み提出
試験結果
フルボ酸 ： ２７３ｍｇ／Ｌ 全有機炭素計測定法（ＴＯＣ）
可溶性鉄 ： ３．１ｐｐｂ ＩＣＰ−ＭＳ測定法
フミン酸 ： １ｍｇ／Ｌ 以下
<Results of elution test of fulvic acid and iron ion from block>
Test condition Iron fulvic acid material content (10 mass%) block: 87.5g
Tap water: 400cc
Period: 33 days
Inspection organization: Japan Food Functional Analysis Laboratory Co., Ltd.
Inspection water: 250ml
Test results
Fulvic acid: 273 mg / L Total organic carbon meter measurement method (TOC)
Soluble iron: 3.1 ppb ICP-MS measurement method
Humic acid: 1 mg / L or less
以上により、ブロックから潤沢にフルボ酸が溶出し、また、可溶性鉄も浄化に必要とされる０．１ｐｐｂ以上の充分な量溶出していることが判明し、フルボ酸鉄が生成されていることが判明した。 From the above, it was found that fulvic acid was eluted from the block abundantly, and that soluble iron was also eluted in a sufficient amount of 0.1 ppb or more required for purification, and fulvic acid iron was produced. There was found.
<試験例１＞
本実施例のブロックと比較例のブロックの配合比率、ヘドロ分解の有効性の結果は表1に示すとおりである。
Table 1 shows the blending ratio of the block of this example and the block of the comparative example and the results of the effectiveness of sludge decomposition.
<試験例２＞
底面にヘドロが堆積する水路（幅１．４ｍ）にブロック（横１９ｃｍ、縦３９ｃｍ、高さ９ｃｍ）を長さ４．６８ｍ 幅１．０ｍに敷設し、敷設した直後と、２週間の状態を観察した。
図２の写真に示されるように、底面のヘドロが分解・分離され、下地のコンクリートが見えるようになっており、砂地化していることから、浄化されていることが確認された。
<Test Example 2>
A block (width: 19 cm, height: 39 cm, height: 9 cm) is laid in a water channel (width: 1.4 m) where sludge accumulates on the bottom, length: 4.68 m, width: 1.0 m, and immediately after laying, Observed.
As shown in the photograph in FIG. 2, the sludge on the bottom surface was decomposed and separated, and the underlying concrete was visible, and it was confirmed that it was cleaned because it was sandy.
<試験例３＞
ヘドロが堆積する伊万里湾河口の干潟に普通コンクリートブロックとフルボ酸鉄資材を含有するブロックを設置した（ブロックはいずれも、横２０ｃｍ、縦２０ｃｍ、高さ６ｃｍである。）。約３週間後の状態は図２に示すとおりであった。
<Test Example 3>
An ordinary concrete block and a block containing iron fulvic acid material were installed on the tidal flat in the Imari Bay estuary where sludge accumulates (each block is 20 cm wide, 20 cm long, and 6 cm high). The state after about 3 weeks was as shown in FIG.
図３（ｂ）に示す普通コンクリートブロックはヘドロ分解がないためヘドロ内に沈み込んでいるのに対して、図３（ａ）に示すフルボ酸鉄資材を含有するブロックはヘドロ分解をしているため周りのヘドロが減少し、砂地化しているため、ヘドロに埋没していない状況が確認された。 The ordinary concrete block shown in FIG. 3B sinks in the sludge because there is no sludge decomposition, whereas the block containing the fulvic acid iron material shown in FIG. 3A has sludge decomposition. As a result, the surrounding sludge has decreased and sandy ground has been confirmed.
１：ブロック
２：ヘドロ
３：砂
1: Block 2: Sludge 3: Sand
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