CN111357609A - Sponge urban formula engineering soil and bioretention system - Google Patents

Sponge urban formula engineering soil and bioretention system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111357609A
CN111357609A CN202010197472.6A CN202010197472A CN111357609A CN 111357609 A CN111357609 A CN 111357609A CN 202010197472 A CN202010197472 A CN 202010197472A CN 111357609 A CN111357609 A CN 111357609A
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parts
soil
particle size
sponge
layer
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王书敏
李强
丁武泉
夏红霞
关伟
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Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences
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Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used

Abstract

The sponge urban formula engineering soil specifically comprises, by volume, 20-30 parts of clay, 70-80 parts of river sand, 2-12 parts of furnace slag, 1-3 parts of activated carbon, 1-3 parts of vermiculite, 3-5 parts of sponge iron and 2 parts of perlite. The sponge urban formula engineering soil provided by the invention coordinates the porosity of the soil, so that the soil has excellent water retention performance and permeability, and pollutants are uniformly dispersed in the soil, thereby improving the soil decontamination capability. The formula engineering soil provided by the invention has the advantages that the pH value of the system is adjusted, the buffering capacity of the soil is improved, the growth of plants and microorganisms is promoted, and the bioretention system provided by the invention has high-efficiency decontamination capability and excellent hydrological efficiency.

Description

Sponge urban formula engineering soil and bioretention system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to sponge urban formula engineering soil and a bioretention system.
Background
The sponge city is a city which can be like a sponge, has good elasticity in the aspects of adapting to environmental changes, coping with natural disasters and the like, absorbs water, stores water, seeps water and purifies water when raining, and releases and utilizes the stored water when needed. The rainwater dissolves a large amount of acid gases, automobile exhaust, factory waste gas and other polluting gases in the air, and after the rainwater falls to the ground, the rainwater contains a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and other polluting substances due to scouring of roofs, asphalt concrete roads and the like, and when the rainwater flows into the ground surface or lakes, eutrophication of water bodies is generated. Bioretention ponds (also known as rain gardens) are an efficient storm water flood control measure to cut rain water from the source and control the migration of pollutants. The bioretention pond can store rainwater, reduces the rainwater flood peak, gets rid of pollutants such as suspended solids in the rainwater.
The bioretention system can not effectively remove pollutants in rainwater and simultaneously keep higher hydrological efficiency, because the modifier is added into the filler formula soil used by the bioretention system to increase the soil decontamination capability, but the modifier is easily added to cause the soil to agglomerate, the water holding capability of the formula soil is increased, and the water is remained in the soil for a long time, so that the rainwater retention space is reduced during the next rainfall, more inflow water flows out, and the rainwater runoff relieving capability of the bioretention system is reduced; with the increase of the operation time and the sharp increase of the operation load of the bioretention system, the uncertain external particles are continuously added to cause the change of the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and the obvious particle size agglomeration and layering phenomena gradually occur in the components of the formulated soil with different particle sizes, so that the permeability of the bioretention pool is deteriorated; in addition, when plants are planted on the surface of the formula soil, the root systems of the plants cannot be combined with soil in a mature mode, the root systems of the plants do not play a role in dredging the soil, and the roots of the plants are blocked by infiltration of water.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a sponge urban formula engineering soil, which has excellent hydrological performance while efficiently removing pollutants in rainwater.
The invention also aims to provide a bioretention system containing the sponge urban formula engineering soil.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a sponge urban formula engineering soil is characterized in that: the concrete comprises, by volume, 20-30 parts of clay, 70-80 parts of river sand, 2-12 parts of furnace slag, 1-3 parts of activated carbon, 1-3 parts of vermiculite, 3-5 parts of sponge iron and 2 parts of perlite.
Specifically, the sponge city formula engineering soil comprises, by volume, 30 parts of clay, 70 parts of river sand, 10 parts of furnace slag, 2 parts of activated carbon, 2 parts of vermiculite, 2 parts of perlite and 4 parts of sponge iron.
Further, the particle size of the clay is 0.025-0.075mm, the particle size of river sand is 0.43-0.9mm, the particle size of slag is 0.25-0.5mm, the particle size of activated carbon is 0.20-0.40mm, the particle size of vermiculite is 0.15-0.40mm, the particle size of perlite is 0.8-1.0mm, and the particle size of sponge iron is 0.5-1.0 mm.
The smaller the total porosity of the formula engineering soil is, the lower the permeation rate is, the porosity of the soil is a key index influencing the removal performance of nitrogen pollutants, and the porosity comprises capillary pores and non-capillary pores, the capillary porosity represents small pores (pores with the diameter of less than 0.1 mm) of the soil and has water retention property, the non-capillary porosity represents large pores (pores with the diameter of more than 0.1 mm) of the soil, the non-capillary pores have no water retention property but have air permeability, the excessive capillary pores and the too few non-capillary pores easily cause soil agglomeration and microorganism movement obstruction, otherwise, the water retention property of the soil is reduced, aerobic conditions are formed, the activity of denitrifying bacteria and partial microorganisms is inhibited, and the removal efficiency of nitrate nitrogen is reduced. The invention just combines the components with the specific particle size, so that the formula soil has reasonable capillary pore and non-capillary pore distribution, excellent water retention property, is beneficial to the activity of microorganisms in the soil, provides proper anoxic conditions for the propagation and action of denitrifying bacteria, enhances the water conductivity of the soil, and reduces the leaching phenomenon of nitrate nitrogen.
Further, contain the biological retention system of above-mentioned sponge urban formula engineering soil, its characterized in that: the biological retention system is configured in a stepped mode, river sand is placed at the bottommost layer to serve as a drainage layer, cobbles with the size of 5-10mm are used as a filtering layer to cover the drainage layer, and sponge city formula engineering soil formed by mixing the clay, the river sand, furnace slag, vermiculite, activated carbon, perlite and sponge iron is used as a planting layer to cover the filtering layer.
Furthermore, the depth of the drainage layer is 100mm, the depth of the filtering layer is 200mm, and the depth of the planting layer is 400-800 mm.
Further, clay, river sand, slag, vermiculite, activated carbon, perlite and sponge iron are weighed according to the volume components and evenly mixed to form formula engineering soil, 25-50% of river sand accounting for the volume sum of all the components is taken to be made into a drainage layer with the depth of 200mm, cobblestones with the volume of 50% of the drainage layer are taken to be made into a filtering layer with the depth of 100mm, and finally, the formula engineering soil is used for making a planting layer with the depth of about 400-plus-material 800mm on the surface of the filtering layer.
The most direct influence of the increase of component types in the sponge urban formula engineering soil is that the flow state in the biological retention system is more complex, and pollutants in the rainwater runoff are removed under the actions of filtration, adsorption, nitrification and denitrification, microbial absorption and the like in the process of transmission in the system. However, the flow state is more complex, the soil is easy to agglomerate and reunite, the head loss in the bioretention system can be increased, and the infiltration performance of the system is influenced.
Furthermore, the sponge urban formula engineering soil is applied to a biological retention system, and the plant radix ophiopogonis is planted on the surface of the biological retention system to form a complete biological retention system.
The sponge urban formula engineering soil composed of the components in the bioretention system effectively promotes adsorption and fixation of nitrogen and phosphorus, the sponge iron is reductive, conversion of nitrate can be promoted, root growth of radix ophiopogonis is promoted, radix ophiopogonis has developed root hairs, the root systems are thin, large in number and large in length, a good fixing effect is achieved on the sponge urban formula engineering soil, effective matching of a filtering layer, a drainage layer and a planting layer in the bioretention system is combined, soil layering of the planting layer is effectively prevented, effective dredging is formed by the developed root systems to penetration of rainwater, and stability of permeability under long-term operation is guaranteed; in addition, due to the growth of the developed root system of the radix ophiopogonis and the transpiration effect of the leaves of the radix ophiopogonis, water which is fixedly held in soil and is not easy to flow out is absorbed, so that more spaces for retaining rainwater are provided for next rainfall, and the bioretention system for planting the radix ophiopogonis has a stable permeability coefficient and excellent water retention performance.
The proper pH value for the growth of the radix ophiopogonis is about 7.5, the excellent pH condition for the propagation of denitrifying bacteria is 6.6-7.5, acid gas in the air is dissolved in rainwater, so that the pH value of the rainwater is weak acid, aluminum in an aluminum oxide layer of a clay mineral can be released under the acid condition, the aluminum enters the surface of soil colloid to become substitutional aluminum ions, the number of the aluminum ions is far greater than that of hydrogen ions, the soil is made to be latent acid, the growth of the root system of the radix ophiopogonis can be hindered, the effective propagation of the denitrifying bacteria is realized, the pH value of the rainwater is adjusted by adding slag and vermiculite, the release of the aluminum is inhibited, the buffering capacity of the soil is improved, the plant growth and the propagation of microorganisms are facilitated, and the denitrification capacity of a biological retention system is improved.
The invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the sponge urban formula engineering soil provided by the invention coordinates the porosity of the soil, so that the soil has excellent water retention performance and permeability, and pollutants are uniformly dispersed in the soil in the rainfall process, thereby being beneficial to the removal of the pollutants by the soil. The biological retention system has the advantages that the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen concentration is up to 99.7%, the average removal rate of nitrate nitrogen is 60.6%, the total phosphorus removal rate of the system is up to 95.6%, and the removal rate of TOC is up to 94%.
(2) The bioretention system formed by combining the plants and the formulated soil reduces the soil aggregation and layering, so that the soil has stable permeability and excellent water retention performance, the rainstorm runoff output is reduced, and the reduction of the rainwater runoff reaches over 60 percent.
(3) The sponge urban formula engineering soil provided by the invention has the advantages that the pH value of the system is adjusted, the buffering capacity of the soil is improved, the growth of plants and microorganisms is promoted, and the bioretention system has high-efficiency decontamination capability and excellent hydrological efficiency (permeability and water retention performance).
Drawings
FIG. 1: the bioretention system containing the formula engineering soil has a performance diagram for removing pollutants in water and water.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention based on the above-mentioned disclosure.
Example 1
A bioretention system containing sponge urban formula engineering soil is prepared by the following steps:
weighing 30 parts of clay, 70 parts of river sand, 10 parts of furnace slag, 2 parts of activated carbon, 2 parts of vermiculite, 2 parts of perlite and 2 parts of sponge iron according to volume components, and uniformly mixing to form formula engineering soil; the particle size of the clay is 0.025mm, the particle size of river sand is 0.6mm, the particle size of furnace slag is 0.4mm, the particle size of activated carbon is 0.30mm, the particle size of vermiculite is 0.30mm, the particle size of perlite is 1.0mm, and the particle size of sponge iron is 0.9 mm; preparing a drainage layer with the depth of 200mm from 39.3 parts of river sand, preparing a filtering layer with the depth of 100mm from cobblestones with the volume of 50% of the drainage layer, wherein the particle size of the cobblestones is 8mm, finally preparing a planting layer with the depth of 600mm from the surface of the filtering layer by using formula engineering soil, and planting the plant radix ophiopogonis on the planting layer.
And (3) adjusting the pH:
during monitoring, the initial pH average value of rainwater is about 5.3 +/-0.5, the pH value of rainwater finally permeating from the formula soil is 7.56 +/-0.1, the bioretention system can increase the pH value of natural rainfall by 2.26 (42.6%), and the bioretention system has good stormwater runoff acid-base neutralization capacity, provides a good pH environment for the growth of radix ophiopogonis and the growth and the propagation of nitrorice bacteria, improves the buffer capacity of soil and promotes the growth of plants and microorganisms.
And (3) water retention property measurement:
the retention water amount of the system of the invention is obtained by subtracting the water yield from the water intake amount of 2018.11.20-2019.10.11 of 24 times of simulated rainfall experiments,
Figure BDA0002418099440000051
RV-water retention,%;
Vi-the volume of water fed, L;
Vovolume of water discharged, L
Through determination, the rainwater retention of the complete bioretention system formed by combining the engineering soil with the formula and planting the ophiopogon japonicus plants is basically unchanged along with time, and is about 28 percent on average.
Reduction of rainfall runoff:
in long-term and repeated rainfall monitoring, the formulated engineering soil prepared by the invention is matched with the radix ophiopogonis plants to plant, so that the system has stable water retention capacity, the runoff of rainwater is reduced to 27% at the lowest and 60% at the highest, and the system is related to the rainfall interval time and the rainfall at each time.
Determination of permeability coefficient:
the calculation formula of the permeability coefficient K of the formulated engineering soil is as follows:
Figure BDA0002418099440000061
k-permeability coefficient, mm/min;
Qn-n times of permeateAmount, ml;
tn-time interval, min, between each permeation event;
l is the total thickness of the formula soil, cm;
s-cross section area of experimental column, cm2；
h-head height, cm;
according to determination, the rainwater permeability coefficient of the complete bioretention system formed by combining the formula engineering soil and the planted dwarf lilyturf tuber plants changes little along with the increase of time, is maintained at 3.258-3.845 mm/min, and is high in stability. The larger the k value is, the faster the permeation rate is, the shorter the time for reaching the stable permeation rate is, the permeation rate is reduced due to the water retention of the slag and the activated carbon, and aggregates are generated in the soil due to the addition of various modifiers.
And (3) measuring the decontamination capability:
the pollutant purification efficiency of 22 rainfall simulation experiments from 2018.11.23 to 2019.10.11 is shown in figure 1, the removal rate of the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 97.5-99.7%, the total phosphorus removal rate of the system is 87.2-95.6%, and the removal rate of the TOC is about 83-94%, and as a whole, all systems in the aspects of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and TOC removal are stably maintained at a high level, the average removal rate of nitrate nitrogen is 60.6%, and the highest removal rate can reach 89%. In sum, the bioretention system of the formula engineering soil obviously improves the pollutant removal efficiency of rainfall runoff.
Example 2
A bioretention system containing sponge urban formula engineering soil is prepared by the following steps:
according to volume components, 20 parts of clay, 80 parts of river sand, 12 parts of furnace slag, 1 part of activated carbon, 3 parts of vermiculite, 2 parts of perlite and 5 parts of sponge iron are uniformly mixed to form mixed soil, the clay has a particle size of 0.075mm, the river sand has a particle size of 0.43mm, the furnace slag has a particle size of 0.5mm, the activated carbon has a particle size of 0.20mm, the vermiculite has a particle size of 0.40mm, the perlite has a particle size of 0.8mm and the sponge iron has a particle size of 0.5mm, 30.75 parts of river sand is made into a drainage layer with the depth of 50mm, cobblestones with the volume of 50% of the drainage layer are made into a filtering layer with the depth of 100mm, the cobblestones have a particle size of 10mm, finally, a planting layer with the depth of 800mm is made of mixed soil on the surface of the filtering layer.
Example 3
A bioretention system containing sponge urban formula engineering soil is prepared by the following steps:
according to volume components, 25 parts of clay, 75 parts of river sand, 2 parts of furnace slag, 3 parts of activated carbon, 1 part of vermiculite, 2 parts of perlite and 3 parts of sponge iron are uniformly mixed to form mixed soil, wherein the clay has a particle size of 0.025mm, the river sand has a particle size of 0.9mm, the furnace slag has a particle size of 0.25mm, the activated carbon has a particle size of 0.40mm, the vermiculite has a particle size of 0.15mm, the perlite has a particle size of 1.0mm and the sponge iron has a particle size of 1.0mm, 55.5 parts of river sand is made into a drainage layer with the depth of 200mm, cobblestones with the volume of 50% of the drainage layer are made into a filtering layer with the depth of 100mm, the cobblestones have the particle size of 5mm, finally, mixed soil is used for making a planting layer with the depth of 400mm on.

Claims (6)

1. A sponge urban formula engineering soil is characterized in that: the concrete comprises, by volume, 20-30 parts of clay, 70-80 parts of river sand, 2-12 parts of furnace slag, 1-3 parts of activated carbon, 1-3 parts of vermiculite, 3-5 parts of sponge iron and 2 parts of perlite.
2. The sponge urban formula engineering soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the clay particle size is 0.025-0.075mm, the river sand particle size is 0.43-0.9mm, the slag particle size is 0.25-0.5mm, the activated carbon particle size is 0.20-0.40mm, the vermiculite particle size is 0.15-0.40mm, the perlite particle size is 0.8-1.0mm, and the sponge iron particle size is 0.5-1.0 mm.
3. A contain biological detention system of sponge city formula engineering soil which characterized in that: the bioretention system is configured in a stepped mode, river sand is placed on the bottommost layer to serve as a drainage layer, then cobblestones with the thickness of 5-10mm are used as a filter layer to cover the drainage layer, and sponge city formula engineering soil formed by mixing clay 20-30 parts, river sand 70-80 parts, slag 2-12 parts, activated carbon 1-3 parts, vermiculite 1-3 parts, sponge iron 3-5 parts and perlite 2 parts is used as a planting layer to cover the filter layer; the clay particle size is 0.025-0.075mm, the river sand particle size is 0.43-0.9mm, the slag particle size is 0.25-0.5mm, the activated carbon particle size is 0.20-0.40mm, the vermiculite particle size is 0.15-0.40mm, the perlite particle size is 0.8-1.0mm, and the sponge iron particle size is 0.5-1.0 mm.
4. The bioretention system including sponge-type municipal engineered soil according to claim 3 wherein: the depth of the drainage layer is 100mm, the depth of the filtering layer is 200mm, and the depth of the planting layer is 400mm and 800 mm.
5. A bioretention system containing sponge municipal engineered soil according to claim 3 or 4 wherein: weighing clay, river sand, furnace slag, vermiculite, activated carbon, perlite and sponge iron according to the volume components, uniformly mixing to form formula engineering soil, preparing river sand accounting for 25-50% of the volume sum of all the components into a drainage layer with the depth of 200mm, preparing cobbles accounting for 50% of the volume of the drainage layer into a filtering layer with the depth of 100mm, covering the surface of the drainage layer, and finally preparing a planting layer with the depth of about 400-plus 800mm on the surface of the drainage layer by using the formula soil of the engineering process.
6. The bioretention system including sponge-type municipal engineered soil according to claim 5 wherein: and planting the plant radix ophiopogonis on the surface of the formula engineering soil to form a complete biological retention system.
CN202010197472.6A 2020-03-19 2020-03-19 Sponge urban formula engineering soil and bioretention system Withdrawn CN111357609A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113173720A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-07-27 西安理工大学 Improved filler for artificial rainwater rapid infiltration facility and preparation method thereof
CN113826528A (en) * 2021-09-13 2021-12-24 深圳市建设（集团）有限公司 High-permeability spongy soil and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113173720A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-07-27 西安理工大学 Improved filler for artificial rainwater rapid infiltration facility and preparation method thereof
CN113826528A (en) * 2021-09-13 2021-12-24 深圳市建设（集团）有限公司 High-permeability spongy soil and preparation method and application thereof

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