JP6075044B2 - Measuring method of coal moisture on conveyor - Google Patents
Measuring method of coal moisture on conveyor Download PDFInfo
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- JP6075044B2 JP6075044B2 JP2012266414A JP2012266414A JP6075044B2 JP 6075044 B2 JP6075044 B2 JP 6075044B2 JP 2012266414 A JP2012266414 A JP 2012266414A JP 2012266414 A JP2012266414 A JP 2012266414A JP 6075044 B2 JP6075044 B2 JP 6075044B2
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Description
本発明は、コンベヤ上を搬送される石炭の水分を精度よく測定する方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for accurately measuring the moisture content of coal conveyed on a conveyor.
例えば製鉄工場においては、コークス炉へ原料となる石炭を供給するために、ベルト式のコンベヤが使用されている。石炭は予め乾燥機において乾燥されたうえでコークス炉に投入されるのであるが、一般的には投入石炭の水分が低いほどコークスの品質が向上すると言われている。しかし余りに水分を低下させると発火する危険性があるため、水分を所定範囲に制御することが必要である。 For example, in a steel factory, a belt type conveyor is used to supply coal as a raw material to a coke oven. Coal is previously dried in a dryer and then charged into a coke oven. Generally, it is said that the lower the moisture content of coal, the better the quality of coke. However, if there is too much moisture, there is a risk of fire, so it is necessary to control the moisture within a predetermined range.
このため従来から、コークス炉へ搬送される石炭の水分をコンベヤ上で測定している。例えば特許文献１には、赤外線式の水分計をコンベヤの上方位置に設置し、コンベヤ上を搬送される石炭の水分を非接触で計測する方法が開示されている。図１はこの方法を模式化したものである。しかし乾燥機から出た石炭Ｃは水蒸気や粉塵を発生するため、これらが石炭Ｃと水分計１との間に存在して赤外線を拡散してしまい、精度のよい水分測定を行えないという問題があった。 For this reason, conventionally, the moisture of coal conveyed to the coke oven has been measured on a conveyor. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which an infrared moisture meter is installed at an upper position of a conveyor and moisture of coal conveyed on the conveyor is measured in a non-contact manner. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates this method. However, since the coal C discharged from the dryer generates water vapor and dust, they exist between the coal C and the moisture meter 1 and diffuse infrared rays, so that there is a problem that accurate moisture measurement cannot be performed. there were.
また、搬送量が変化すると石炭Ｃの層厚が変化するため、石炭Ｃと水分計１との間の距離が変動する。これによっても水分の測定値に変動が生じる。このため、特許文献１の方法では搬送量の変動にかかわらず、精度よく水分測定を行なうことは困難であった。 Moreover, since the layer thickness of the coal C changes when the conveyance amount changes, the distance between the coal C and the moisture meter 1 varies. This also causes fluctuations in the measured water content. For this reason, it has been difficult for the method of Patent Document 1 to accurately measure moisture regardless of variations in the transport amount.
このほか特許文献２に示されるように、水分計をコンベヤの上方位置に設置するとともにその上流側に均し装置を設置し、水分計の直下を通過する石炭の層厚及び密度を一定にする方法も提案されている。この方法は搬送量の変動があっても水分計の直下を通過する石炭の層厚が一定となるため、特許文献１の欠点を補ったものと言える。しかし石炭から発生する水蒸気や粉塵が水分計との間に存在することは避けられず、やはり精度のよい水分測定は困難であった。 In addition, as shown in Patent Document 2, a moisture meter is installed at an upper position of the conveyor, and a leveling device is installed upstream of the moisture meter so that the layer thickness and density of coal passing directly under the moisture meter are constant. A method has also been proposed. This method compensates for the drawbacks of Patent Document 1 because the layer thickness of the coal passing directly under the moisture meter is constant even if the transport amount varies. However, it is inevitable that water vapor and dust generated from coal exist between the moisture meter, and it is difficult to accurately measure moisture.
このように従来技術では水分の測定値のバラツキが大きいため、測定値が実際の水分よりも高く測定される可能性がある。そのような場合には石炭の過乾燥により発塵・火災の発生する恐れがあるため、測定値の変動幅を見込んで石炭水分の管理値を高めに設定しておく必要がある。このため必要以上に高品質の石炭を使用することとなり、コストアップの原因となっていた。 As described above, in the prior art, there is a large variation in the measured value of moisture, and thus the measured value may be measured higher than actual moisture. In such a case, there is a risk of dust generation and fire due to overdrying of the coal. Therefore, it is necessary to set a high control value for the coal moisture in consideration of the fluctuation range of the measured value. For this reason, unnecessarily high quality coal was used, which caused an increase in cost.
従って本発明の目的は上記した従来の問題点を解消し、水蒸気や粉塵を発生する石炭の水分を、搬送量の変動に左右されることなく、コンベヤ上において精度よく測定することができるコンベヤ上における石炭水分の測定方法を提供することである。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and to measure the moisture of coal that generates water vapor and dust on the conveyor with high accuracy without being affected by fluctuations in the transport amount. It is to provide a method for measuring the moisture content of coal.
上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明は、非接触式水分計の底部に、マイクロ波を透過させることができる材質のフランジを取付け、このフランジをボックスの底面に固定してボックスの底面を封鎖したものを、コンベヤ上を搬送される石炭層の層表面よりも低い位置に支持し、石炭層の内部に埋め込んだ状態でマイクロ波を照射して石炭の水分を測定することを特徴とするものである。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. A flange made of a material capable of transmitting microwaves is attached to the bottom of a non-contact moisture meter, and the flange is fixed to the bottom of the box to fix the bottom of the box. It is characterized by measuring the moisture content of coal by irradiating microwaves in a state where it is embedded in the coal bed while supporting it at a position lower than the surface of the coal bed being conveyed on the conveyor. To do.
なお、非接触式水分計としてマイクロ波式水分計を用いることが好ましい。また、コンベヤがコークス炉への石炭搬送用のコンベヤであることが好ましい。さらに前記ボックスが、上流側に石炭をかき分けるための突起を備えたものであることが好ましい。 A microwave moisture meter is preferably used as the non-contact moisture meter. Moreover, it is preferable that a conveyor is a conveyor for coal conveyance to a coke oven. Furthermore, it is preferable that the box is provided with a protrusion for scraping coal on the upstream side.
本発明のコンベヤ上における石炭水分の測定方法によれば、ボックスの内部に封入した非接触式水分計をコンベヤ上を搬送される石炭層の層表面よりも低い位置に支持し、石炭層の内部に埋め込んだ状態で石炭の水分を測定する。このため石炭から発生する水蒸気や粉塵が石炭と非接触式水分計との間に入り込むことがなくなる。また搬送量の変動によってコンベヤ上における石炭の層厚が変動しても、その影響を受けることがない。このため本発明によれば、従来法によるよりも水分の測定精度を向上させることが可能となる。 According to the method for measuring coal moisture on the conveyor of the present invention, the non-contact type moisture meter enclosed in the box is supported at a position lower than the surface of the coal bed transported on the conveyor, Coal moisture is measured while embedded in For this reason, the water vapor | steam and dust which generate | occur | produce from coal do not enter between coal and a non-contact-type moisture meter. Further, even if the coal layer thickness fluctuates on the conveyor due to fluctuations in the transport amount, it is not affected. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the measurement accuracy of moisture as compared with the conventional method.
以下に本発明の好ましい実施形態を説明する。
図２と図３は本発明の実施形態を説明する模式図である。これらの図において、１は石炭Ｃを搬送するコンベヤである。この実施形態では乾燥機により乾燥された石炭をコークス炉へ搬送するためのベルトコンベヤであり、例えば１００ｍ／ｍｉｎの速度で２００トン／時の石炭を搬送するものである。
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
2 and 3 are schematic views for explaining an embodiment of the present invention. In these drawings, 1 is a conveyor for transporting coal C. In this embodiment, it is a belt conveyor for conveying coal dried by a dryer to a coke oven, for example, conveying 200 tons / hour of coal at a speed of 100 m / min.
このコンベヤ１を跨ぐように門型の支柱２が設けられており、その中央部から垂下させた垂直柱３の下端部に、ボックス４が取付けられている。このボックス４は鋼鉄製であり、その内部に非接触式水分計５が下向きに固定されている。非接触式水分計５の種類は特に限定されるものではないが、この実施形態ではマイクロ波式水分計が用いられている。ボックス４の底面を開口して非接触式水分計５の底面を露出させてもよいが、図２、図３に示すように非接触式水分計５の底部にフランジ７を取付け、このフランジ７をボックス４の底面にねじ止め固定してボックス４の底面を封鎖し、ボックス４内への石炭の進入を防止することが好ましい。このフランジ７はマイクロ波を透過させることができる材質、例えばフッ素系樹脂板やガラス板からなることが好ましい。 A gate-shaped column 2 is provided so as to straddle the conveyor 1, and a box 4 is attached to the lower end of a vertical column 3 suspended from the center. The box 4 is made of steel, and a non-contact type moisture meter 5 is fixed downward in the box 4. The type of the non-contact moisture meter 5 is not particularly limited, but a microwave moisture meter is used in this embodiment. Although the bottom surface of the box 4 may be opened to expose the bottom surface of the non-contact moisture meter 5, a flange 7 is attached to the bottom of the non-contact moisture meter 5 as shown in FIGS. Is preferably screwed to the bottom surface of the box 4 to seal the bottom surface of the box 4 and prevent coal from entering the box 4. The flange 7 is preferably made of a material that can transmit microwaves, such as a fluorine resin plate or a glass plate.
マイクロ波式水分計は、石炭に向ってマイクロ波を照射し、その減衰量から水分を測定する装置であり、層全体の水分を高速で測定することができる利点がある。しかしその他の型式の水分計を使用することもできる。石炭層は部位によって水分値が変動するため、マイクロ波式水分計を用いて層全体の水分値を測定できることは、コークスの品質管理上、有利である。 The microwave moisture meter is an apparatus that irradiates microwaves toward coal and measures moisture from the attenuation amount, and has an advantage that moisture of the entire layer can be measured at high speed. However, other types of moisture meters can be used. Since the moisture value of the coal layer varies depending on the part, it is advantageous in terms of coke quality control that the moisture value of the entire layer can be measured using a microwave moisture meter.
このボックス４は、コンベヤ１上を搬送される石炭層の層表面よりも低い位置に支持されている。このためボックス４は、石炭層の内部に埋め込まれた状態となり、石炭層の層表面よりも低い位置で石炭Ｃの水分を測定する。このため石炭Ｃから発生する粉塵の影響を受けることがなく、また石炭Ｃから発生する水蒸気の影響も受けることがない。 The box 4 is supported at a position lower than the layer surface of the coal layer conveyed on the conveyor 1. For this reason, the box 4 becomes a state embedded in the coal bed, and measures the moisture of the coal C at a position lower than the layer surface of the coal bed. For this reason, it does not receive the influence of the dust which generate | occur | produces from the coal C, and it does not receive the influence of the water vapor | steam generated from the coal C.
例えばコンベヤ１上を搬送される石炭Ｃの層厚が５０ｍｍである場合、非接触式水分計５がコンベヤ面から２５〜３０ｍｍ程度の高さに維持されるように、ボックス４の高さを設定しておくことが好ましい。なおボックス４の高さをコンベヤ面に接近しすぎると、その隙間に石炭が噛みこんでしまうため、ボックス４の底面とコンベヤ面との間隔は２０ｍｍ以上とすることが好ましい。 For example, when the thickness of the coal C transported on the conveyor 1 is 50 mm, the height of the box 4 is set so that the non-contact moisture meter 5 is maintained at a height of about 25 to 30 mm from the conveyor surface. It is preferable to keep it. If the height of the box 4 is too close to the conveyor surface, coal will be caught in the gap. Therefore, the distance between the bottom surface of the box 4 and the conveyor surface is preferably 20 mm or more.
なお、このような位置にボックス４を固定すると石炭Ｃが激しく衝突することとなる。そこで図４に示すようにボックス４の上流側に石炭Ｃをかき分けるための突起６を設けておけば、走行する石炭が左右にかき分けられるので、石炭と衝突する際の負担を軽減することができる。この実施形態では突起６の形状は図４の示されるような嘴状であるが、必ずしもこれに限定されるものではない。 If the box 4 is fixed at such a position, the coal C will collide violently. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, if the projection 6 for separating the coal C is provided on the upstream side of the box 4, the traveling coal can be divided into left and right, so that the burden when colliding with the coal can be reduced. . In this embodiment, the shape of the protrusion 6 is a bowl shape as shown in FIG. 4, but is not necessarily limited thereto.
このような非接触式水分計５の出力は垂直柱３を通じて外部に取り出され、管理水分値よりも測定された水分値が高い場合には、乾燥機への供給熱量を増加させ、逆に管理水分値よりも測定された水分値が低い場合には、乾燥機への供給熱量を減少させる制御が行なわれる。 The output of such a non-contact type moisture meter 5 is taken out through the vertical column 3, and when the measured moisture value is higher than the managed moisture value, the amount of heat supplied to the dryer is increased and managed in reverse. When the measured moisture value is lower than the moisture value, control is performed to reduce the amount of heat supplied to the dryer.
本発明者が実機で測定した結果、従来法では測定水分値と実水分との間のバラツキは０.４５％程度であったが、本発明法によれば、測定水分値と実水分との間のバラツキは０.１３％にまで減少した。このため、従来は（設定水分値＋０.４５％）を管理水分値とし、測定値に０.４５％の誤差が含まれていてもなお設定水分値以下とならないように乾燥機を操業していたが、本発明によれば（設定水分値＋０.１３％）を管理水分値とすればよく、従来よりも高級な石炭の使用量を減少させることが可能となった。 As a result of measurement by an inventor of the present invention, the variation between the measured moisture value and the actual moisture was about 0.45% in the conventional method, but according to the method of the present invention, the measured moisture value and the actual moisture are The variation between them decreased to 0.13%. For this reason, conventionally, (set moisture value + 0.45%) is set as the controlled moisture value, and the dryer is operated so that the measured value does not fall below the set moisture value even if an error of 0.45% is included. However, according to the present invention, it is only necessary to set (set moisture value + 0.13%) as the control moisture value, and it has become possible to reduce the amount of coal used higher than before.
以上に説明したように、本発明によれば、水蒸気や粉塵を発生する石炭の水分を、搬送量の変動に左右されることなく、コンベヤ上において精度よく測定することが可能となった。 As described above, according to the present invention, the moisture of coal that generates water vapor and dust can be accurately measured on the conveyor without being influenced by fluctuations in the transport amount.
コンベヤ
２ 門型の支柱
３ 垂直柱
４ ボックス
５ 非接触式水分計
６ 突起
Conveyor 2 Gate-shaped column 3 Vertical column 4 Box 5 Non-contact moisture meter 6 Protrusion
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| DE2712210A1 (en) * | 1977-03-19 | 1978-09-21 | Eirich Hubert | METHOD OF MOISTURE MEASUREMENT OF FLOWABLE MATERIAL AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
| JPS6035879Y2 (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1985-10-24 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Coal powder moisture measuring device |
| JPS5742837A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1982-03-10 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Coal and coke moisture measuring device using infrared- ray moisture meter |
| JPS61200444A (en) * | 1985-03-02 | 1986-09-05 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for measuring moisture of particulate |
| JPH0743319A (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-14 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and device for measuring moisture content of coal |
| US6130931A (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2000-10-10 | Process Control, Inc. | X-ray fluorescence elemental analyzer |
| JP2004191323A (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-07-08 | Kansai Coke & Chem Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for measuring moisture of coal |
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