JP6074586B2 - Backup power supply device and automobile using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a backup power supply device for causing an electrical component that needs to operate temporarily when a power supply from a battery in a vehicle is cut off.

  In recent years, taking into account safety during vehicle travel, automatic door locks that automatically lock the door when the traveling vehicle reaches a predetermined speed such as 20 km / h have become widespread. Measures are taken to prevent it. On the other hand, the door lock is automatically released when the vehicle encounters an accident, but the door lock cannot be automatically released if the power supply from the battery is cut off. As a result, it may be difficult to rescue the passenger by opening the door from the outside.

  In response to this, a backup power supply device has been commercialized that can temporarily operate electrical components even when the power supply from the battery is cut off. For example, as shown in the circuit configuration diagram of the conventional backup power supply device in FIG. 3, the door lock is released in an emergency when the power supply from the battery is cut off. In the conventional backup power supply device, a normal power supply line 2 and a backup power supply device 3 are connected in parallel to the battery 1, and power is supplied to the collision sensor unit 4 from both the normal power supply line 2 and the backup power supply device 3. In addition, the output terminals of the normal power supply line 2 and the backup power supply device 3 are connected to the input terminal 6 of the door lock release switch 5.

  When the collision sensor unit 4 determines that a vehicle collision has occurred, for example, by detecting an impact on the vehicle, a door lock release signal is transmitted from the collision sensor unit 4 to the door lock release switch 5. The door lock is released when the door lock release switch 5 is connected according to the release signal.

  For example, Patent Document 1 is known as prior art document information relating to the invention of this application.

JP 7-269208 A

  However, since the conventional backup power supply device always tries to supply power to the electrical components such as the collision sensor unit 4, the voltage of the battery 1 fluctuates (generally decreases) and the output voltage of the backup power supply device 3 The output current of the backup power supply device 3 is consumed every time the voltage becomes lower, and the charging voltage converter 7 and the discharging voltage converter 8 are repeatedly charged and discharged frequently. In other words, as shown in the operation waveform diagram of the conventional backup power supply apparatus in FIG. 4, the backup power supply voltage IB0 flows every time the backup power supply voltage VB0 is set as a threshold and the battery voltage VB1 falls below this value. Since this operation is to supply power to the collision sensor unit 4 shown in FIG. 3 each time, a corresponding amount of power is also supplied from the alternator 9 to the backup power supply device 3. Here, the power supply by the backup power supply device 3 other than in an emergency is not necessarily required for operating the collision sensor unit 4, and the power generation of the alternator 9 associated therewith becomes a load on the engine. As a result, the fuel consumption of the vehicle deteriorates due to unnecessary operations.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to suppress deterioration in fuel consumption of a vehicle by suppressing power consumption accompanying an unnecessary operation with a backup power source.

In order to achieve this object, the backup power supply device of the present invention includes a charging circuit that receives power supply from an input terminal connected to a battery and is connected to a charging side of the electric double layer capacitor, and the electric double layer capacitor. A discharge circuit connected to the discharge side; an addition diode connected to the output side of the discharge circuit with the discharge circuit side as the anode side; one connected to the cathode side of the addition diode and the other connected to the electrical equipment of the vehicle An emergency power output unit connected to the product control means, and a comparison control unit for controlling the output voltage after comparing the voltage of the input terminal and the output voltage of the discharge circuit, the comparison control unit, When the battery is determined to be connected, the output voltage of the discharge circuit is made lower than the voltage at the input terminal, When it is determined that a connected state is obtained by a configuration to output the emergency power output unit the output voltage of the discharge circuit as above the operating voltage of the electrical component control unit.

  As described above, the backup power supply apparatus according to the present invention supplies sufficient power to operate the electrical components for ensuring safety when the power supply from the battery to the electrical components is cut off due to a collision or the like. Is. At the same time, during the normal operation of the vehicle, the operation of the charging circuit or the discharging circuit is restricted even when the battery voltage fluctuates, especially when the battery voltage fluctuates due to the load of various electrical components. Therefore, except when the battery is lost due to an accident or the like, the power supply operation is not performed from the charging circuit or discharging circuit provided as the power storage means, and unnecessary power consumption associated with the start of the alternator on the vehicle side is avoided. It will be suppressed. Thereby, it becomes possible to prevent the deterioration of the fuel consumption of the vehicle.

Circuit connection diagram of backup power supply device of the present invention Operation waveform diagram of backup power supply device of the present invention Circuit diagram of conventional backup power supply Operating waveform diagram of conventional backup power supply

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a circuit connection diagram of a backup power supply device installed in a vehicle. Here, a case where the backup power supply device 10 is applied for unlocking a door in an emergency will be described as an example.

  A battery 11 and an alternator 12 are connected to the input side of the backup power supply 10, and a collision detection means 13 for transmitting a door lock release signal at the time of a vehicle collision and a signal from the collision detection means 13 to the output side. In response, a door lock release switch 14 for forcibly releasing the door lock is connected. In addition, the battery 11 is connected to the collision detection means 13 and the door lock release switch 14. When the power supply from the battery 11 to the collision detection means 13 or the door lock release switch 14 is interrupted during a vehicle collision or the like, the motor for releasing the door lock from the backup power supply 10 through the door lock release switch 14 is used. 15 is supplied with electric power.

  Here, the backup power supply device 10 receives power supply from the input terminal 16 connected to the battery 11 and is connected to the charging side as viewed from the electric double layer capacitor 17 and from the electric double layer capacitor 17. A discharge circuit 19 connected to the discharge side, an addition diode 20 connected to the output side of the discharge circuit 19 with the discharge circuit 19 side as an anode side, one connected to the cathode side of the addition diode 20 and the other detected collision A backup power output unit 21 connected to the means 13 and the battery 11 and a comparison control unit 22 for controlling the output voltage after comparing the voltage of the input terminal 16 with the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 are provided.

  Next, operations of the backup power supply device 10 and the battery 11, alternator 12, collision detection means 13, door lock release switch 14 and motor 15 connected to the backup power supply device 10 will be described.

  Here, when the battery 11 in the first control state is connected to the input end 16 and the collision detection means 13 and the door lock release switch 14, that is, when the vehicle is operating normally, the comparison control unit 22 Controls the operation of boosting the voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 17 in the discharge circuit 19 so that the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 is always kept lower than the voltage of the input terminal 16 while maintaining a constant potential difference. .

  Further, when the battery 11 in the second control state is disconnected from the input terminal 16 or the collision detection means 13 or the door lock release switch 14, that is, in an emergency when the battery 11 is cut off due to a vehicle accident or the like. In some cases, the comparison control unit 22 controls the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 to be equal to the voltage at the input terminal 16 when the vehicle is operating normally. Alternatively, the comparison control unit 22 controls the discharge circuit 19 so that the output voltage is equal to or higher than the voltage value at which the operation of the electrical component control means such as the control electrical component including the collision detection means 13 can be performed. .

  That is, when the vehicle is operating normally, the output of the discharge circuit 19 is set to be lower than the voltage of the battery 11, but the output of the discharge circuit 19 is normal because the battery 11 is shut off. The voltage is boosted to a level equivalent to the voltage of the battery 11 at that time, or the output of the discharge circuit 19 maintains the operating voltage of the electrical component control means such as the collision detection means 13 or more.

  Here, when the battery 11 in the first control state is normally connected to the input end 16 and the collision detection means 13 and the door lock release switch 14, the comparison control unit 22 causes the battery 11 to collide with the input end 16 and the collision. This means that it is determined that the detection means 13 and the door lock release switch 14 are connected. Also, in the case of an emergency in which the battery 11 in the second control state is not connected to the input terminal 16 or the collision detection means 13 or the door lock release switch 14, the battery 11 is connected to the input terminal 16 by the comparison control unit 22. Or it means the case where it is judged that it is in the state interrupted by the collision detection means 13 and the door lock release switch 14. As will be described later, the threshold value between the connected state and the disconnected state is the operating voltage of the electrical component control means such as the collision detecting means 13, and when the voltage supplied from the battery 11 is higher than this operating voltage, it is normal. In the case where the voltage supplied from the battery 11 is lower than the operating voltage, it is desirable to determine as an emergency.

  With the above configuration, when the vehicle is operating normally, the backup power output unit 21 is in a state where the voltage supplied from the battery 11 through the power supply connection unit 23 is set higher than the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19. Therefore, the summing diode 20 is in a reverse bias non-conduction state. That is, the backup power supply device 10 is separated from the collision detection means 13 and the motor 15 serving as loads. Therefore, while the vehicle is operating normally, as long as the above voltage relationship is satisfied, the backup power supply device 10 will not operate. Therefore, the backup power supply 10 does not consume a large amount of power, and the alternator 12 is not operated in order to operate the backup power supply 10, and the vehicle engine (not shown) associated with the operation of the alternator 12 corresponding thereto is shown. The fuel consumption can be suppressed by not causing a load on

  On the other hand, when the battery 11 is cut off due to a vehicle accident or the like, the backup power output unit 21 loses the voltage supplied from the power supply connection unit 23 and the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 is normal. The discharge circuit 19 is operated so that the voltage value at that time is boosted as a target value, or the output voltage is maintained to be equal to or higher than the operating voltage of the control electrical equipment including the collision detection means 13. ing. For this reason, the addition diode 20 is in a forward bias conduction state, that is, a state in which power can be supplied from the backup power supply device 10 to the collision detection means 13 and the motor 15.

  At the same time, the collision detection means 13 senses a vehicle accident, so the door lock release switch 14 is connected. For this reason, the motor 15 is driven by the power from the backup power supply device 10 and the door lock (not shown) is released. Therefore, the operation for safety by the backup power supply device 10 can be ensured.

  Here, all of the control relating to the voltage of the battery 11, the connection state of the battery 11 to the backup power supply device 10 and the collision detection means 13, the detection of the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19, and the boosting operation to the discharge circuit 19 are all performed. Will be done. In performing this operation, the comparison control unit 22 is supplied with power from both the battery 11 and the discharge circuit 19 in a normal state of the vehicle, so that stable operation is possible. The comparison control unit 22 is independent of the collision detection unit 13 and is an element, a circuit, or a device that performs limited processing such as comparison processing in response to a signal and transmission of a control signal to the discharge circuit 19. For this reason, the power consumption is very small as compared with control electrical components such as the collision detection means 13. For this reason, the comparison control unit 22 receives power supply for operation from the discharge circuit 19 in an emergency due to a vehicle accident, but the influence on the electric power stored in the electric double layer capacitor 17 can be extremely limited. In addition, stable operation is possible continuously.

  Further, since the comparison control unit 22 operates stably, even if the battery 11 is lost due to a vehicle accident and the power supply from the power supply connection unit 23 is interrupted, the discharge circuit 19 adds the addition diode 20 and the backup power output unit. Although the power supply to the collision detection means 13 via 21 is possible for a limited period, it can be continuously and continuously from before the accident, and the operation of the control electrical components such as the collision detection means 13 in an emergency of the entire vehicle is possible. Is possible.

  Here, the discharge circuit 19 is operated so as to boost the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 when the battery 11 is cut off due to a vehicle accident or the like. However, regarding this operation, the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 when the battery 11 is in a normal connection state is left as it is, and the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 may not be boosted to the initial voltage value of the battery 11 in an emergency. . Of course, also at this time, the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 is made lower than the voltage value when the battery 11 is in a normal connection state.

  For example, the operation at this time will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. Here, the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 of the backup power supply apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 is the backup voltage VB0 shown in FIG. 2, and the voltage of the battery 11 shown in FIG. 1 is the battery voltage VB1 shown in FIG. The change of each value in time is shown.

  Here, as described above, when the battery 11 shown in FIG. 1 is normally connected, the backup voltage VB0 is always lower than the battery voltage VB1 shown in FIG. 2 while maintaining a constant potential difference. So that it is controlled.

  That is, by connecting a load such as a headlight or a wiper, the battery voltage VB1 varies and draws a curve. On the other hand, the backup voltage VB0 is controlled in a state where the battery voltage VB1 is shifted to the low voltage side with the curve as it is. Actually, the battery voltage VB0 is a curve having a delay corresponding to the calculation time with respect to the backup voltage VB1, but the degree of change with time of the battery voltage VB1 is very large compared to this delay time. It is moderate. Accordingly, there is no particular problem here regarding the time delay due to the calculation, and the backup voltage VB0 may be regarded as immediately reacting to the change in the battery voltage VB1.

  At this time, the backup current IB0 does not flow, and the discharge circuit 19 shown in FIG. 1 does not supply power to the collision detection means 13 or the motor 15 from the backup power output unit 21, but the discharge circuit 19 The output side is in a standby state where a predetermined voltage is generated. When the vehicle is operating normally, the backup power supply 10 is always in this state.

  Of course, a switching element (not shown) constituting the discharge circuit 19 performs a switching operation even during standby, and power for the switching operation is supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 17 through the comparison control unit 22. It will be. This power consumption is also very small compared to the power required for the collision detection means 13 and the motor 15, so that the influence on the power stored in the electric double layer capacitor 17 can be extremely limited. Alternatively, even if this electric power is supplied in a form supplemented by the alternator 12, it corresponds to a very small electric power, so that the fuel consumption of the vehicle is hardly deteriorated.

  Then, when the battery voltage VB1 drops below a predetermined threshold value due to “vehicle accident” or the like, that is, from the state where the battery 11 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the state where the battery 11 is lost. The comparison control unit 22 stops the control for maintaining the constant potential difference between the battery voltage VB1 and the backup voltage VB0 shown in FIG. That is, when the battery voltage VB1 drops beyond the threshold, the backup voltage VB0 stops following the battery voltage VB1, and maintains the backup voltage VB0 before the battery voltage VB1 drops beyond the threshold. Will be.

  This corresponds to the timing of A in FIG. 2, and while the battery voltage VB1 decreases, the backup voltage VB0 maintains the immediately preceding output voltage or further boosts the immediately preceding output voltage.

  Therefore, the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 shown in FIG. 1 becomes higher than the voltage of the power supply connection portion 23, and as a result, the adding diode 20 becomes forward biased. As a result, power is supplied from the backup power supply 10 to the control electrical components such as the door lock release switch 14 and the collision detection means 13, and the backup current IB0 shown in FIG. It becomes.

  Here, as an initial setting in the vehicle, the battery voltage VB1 is set so as not to fall below VC in a normally connected state. This VC is an operating voltage that is a lower limit value for operating control electrical components such as the collision detecting means 13 shown in FIG. 1, or the voltage decreases when the battery 11 is normally connected. The lower limit voltage may be set.

  On the other hand, the backup voltage VB0 may have a timing lower than the operating voltage VC.

  If the backup voltage VB0 is lower than the operating voltage VC when the battery voltage VB1 is lost, the operation of further boosting the backup voltage VB0 is performed by an instruction from the comparison control unit 22 in the discharge circuit 19 of FIG. It becomes. If the target value of the boosted voltage is equal to or higher than the operating voltage VC shown in FIG. 2, there is no problem in operation as a backup power source.

  If the backup voltage VB0 is higher than the operating voltage VC when the battery voltage VB1 is lost, the voltage of the backup voltage VB0 at that time is output as it is and further boosting is performed in the discharge circuit 19 shown in FIG. There is no need to perform the operation.

  Since the boosting operation in the discharge circuit 19 and the timing at which the adding diode 20 is forward biased are performed substantially simultaneously, when the voltage of the battery 11 drops below a predetermined threshold voltage in practical use, The backup power output unit 21 may immediately output a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold value.

  Therefore, as a boundary based on the voltage of the battery 11 between the first control state which is a steady state and the second control state in an emergency where the battery 11 does not exist, the operation shown in FIG. It is desirable to use the operation lower limit value such as the collision detection means 13 shown in FIG. As a result, further boosting from the backup voltage VB0 shown in FIG. 2 at the time of the accident is not essential except during the period B, so that a backup voltage with quick response can be supplied.

  Alternatively, the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 shown in FIG. 1 may be a constant voltage value in the standby state regardless of time, such as VB2 shown by a broken line in FIG. In this case, the value of VB2 is set as a value lower than VC so that the backup current IB0 does not flow frequently, and when VB1 drops beyond VC, the voltage is always boosted from VB2 to a voltage value higher than VC. The discharge circuit 19 shown in FIG. 1 may be controlled by the comparison control unit 22 so as to perform the operation. In the case of this operation, the reference voltage value in the comparison control unit 22 handles only VC, so that it is sufficient if an easy calculation can be performed, and a very simple configuration can be obtained.

  As described above, as described above, except in the case of an emergency in which the voltage of the battery 11 has greatly decreased beyond the threshold value, that is, when it is determined that the connection between the battery 11 and the power receiving side is cut off. Therefore, the backup power supply device 10 is not operated, and the fuel efficiency of the vehicle is not reduced. In particular, in the case of a vehicle having an idling stop function, the battery voltage VB1 shown in FIG. 2 is likely to fluctuate greatly, so that the fuel efficiency is greatly improved by applying the backup power supply device 10 shown in FIG. Become.

  Here, as a standby voltage, it is a condition for starting the boosting operation that the minimum voltage value of the backup voltage VB0 shown in FIG. 2 does not decrease until it reaches 0 (V). It is desirable to determine a potential difference between the battery voltage VB1 and the backup voltage VB0 as a reference.

  As a result, it is possible to suppress the fuel consumption of the vehicle due to the operation of the backup power supply device 10 more than necessary, and the necessary power when an emergency occurs based on the voltage. Can be supplied from the backup power supply 10 to a load that requires power.

  What is important here is that although the comparison control unit 22 instructs the discharge circuit 19 to set the voltage during standby, the power from the backup power supply 10 in an emergency is switched by the addition diode 20 based on the potential difference during normal operation. Is to be done. That is, in the backup power supply device 10, the power supply step is performed after switching operation of the conductor path based on the potentials at both ends of the diode rather than the switching operation by the switch element based on the information of “vehicle accident” in an emergency. It is also possible to maintain high reliability by proceeding.

  In the backup power supply device 10 described here, whether the battery 11 is in a normal state or an emergency state, and whether the battery 11 is connected or disconnected is determined by the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19. And the voltage at the input terminal 16 are detected by the comparison control unit 22. The detection target of this determination may be the output voltage of the discharge circuit 19 and the voltage of the backup power output unit 21. Since both the input terminal 16 and the backup power output unit 21 are directly connected to the battery 11, the operation is the same as described above.

  In the above embodiment, the emergency power output from the backup power supply device 10 has been described as the door lock release output, but the use of the backup power supply device 10 is not limited to this. As for the emergency power output, for example, a power window is used as power for moving a power seat (not shown) in a direction in which the passenger in the vehicle should be safely protected, and so that the passenger is not trapped in the vehicle. Emergency power for connecting to these emergency devices as power to open (not shown) or power to send GPS location information when a vehicle accident occurs For example, power may be supplied by providing a switch for power supply, and may be applied as power for performing a combination of these operations.

  Further, in addition to the above-described effects, the backup power supply apparatus 10 of the present invention is operated by control independent of the collision detection means 13, so that it is connected between the battery 11 and the collision detection means 13. It can be easily operated as an emergency power source for the entire vehicle. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange complicated wiring for the emergency power supply in the vehicle or a device such as a relay for operating the emergency power supply, and it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of design and arrangement for the vehicle. It is also a thing.

  The backup power supply apparatus of the present invention has an effect of improving the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by suppressing unnecessary power consumption in the backup power supply, and is useful in various vehicles.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Backup power supply device 11 Battery 12 Alternator 13 Collision detection means 14 Door lock release switch 15 Motor 16 Input end 17 Electric double layer capacitor 18 Charging circuit 19 Discharge circuit 20 Addition diode 21 Backup power output part 22 Comparison control part 23 Power supply connection part

Claims (8)

A charging circuit that receives power from the input connected to the battery and is connected to the charging side of the electric double layer capacitor;
A discharge circuit connected to the discharge side of the electric double layer capacitor;
An addition diode connected to the output side of the discharge circuit with the discharge circuit side as the anode side,
One side is connected to the cathode side of the summing diode and the other is an emergency power output unit connected to the vehicle electrical component control means and the battery;
A comparison control unit that controls the output voltage after comparing the voltage of the input terminal and the output voltage of the discharge circuit,
The comparison control unit
In the case where the battery is connected to the input terminal, the output voltage of the discharge circuit is made lower than the voltage of the input terminal,
A backup power supply apparatus that outputs the output voltage of the discharge circuit to the emergency power output unit as the operating voltage of the electrical component control means when the battery is disconnected from the input terminal. When the voltage at the input terminal is equal to or higher than the operating voltage of the electrical component control means, the battery and the input terminal are connected,
2. The backup power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the battery and the input terminal are not connected when the voltage at the input terminal is equal to or lower than the operating voltage of the electrical component control means. 3. The backup power supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the battery and the input end are in a connected state, the output voltage of the discharge circuit is always kept lower than the voltage at the input end while maintaining a constant potential difference. 3. The backup power supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the battery and the input terminal are connected, the output voltage of the discharge circuit is a constant value and lower than the operating voltage of the electrical component control means. When the comparison control unit transitions from the connected state to the battery to the disconnected state,
While stopping the operation to make the output voltage of the discharge circuit lower than the voltage at the input end,
5. The backup power supply device according to claim 3, wherein the output voltage of the discharge circuit is output to the emergency power output unit as the operating voltage of the electrical component control means or higher. 6. When the battery is disconnected, the output voltage of the discharge circuit is made equal to the voltage at the input terminal when the battery is connected, and then output to the emergency power output unit. The backup power supply described. The backup power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is disposed in a vehicle,
Connect a battery to the input end of the backup power supply and the emergency power output unit,
An automobile in which electrical component control means and an emergency switch are connected to the emergency power output unit. The automobile according to claim 7, wherein the emergency switch is a door lock release switch.

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