JP6073236B2 - 粒子用保持装置としてニットワイヤーメッシュを有する化学反応器 - Google Patents
粒子用保持装置としてニットワイヤーメッシュを有する化学反応器 Download PDFInfo
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Description
20m2/g未満のBET表面面積を有する酸化アルミニウム担体上に
(a)1〜100g/リットルの元素の周期表の族8〜12の少なくとも1つの金属の担体、および
(b)0〜100g/リットルの元素の周期表の族4〜6および12の少なくとも1つの遷移金属の担体、および
(c)0〜100g/リットルの元素の周期表の族14および15の種族元素の少なくとも1つの金属の担体。
図1 本発明の化学反応器
図2 本発明の更なる化学反応器
図3 本発明の更なる化学反応器
図4 本発明の更なる化学反応器
図5 本発明の更なる化学反応器
図6 本発明の更なる化学反応器
図7 図6に示す反応器の詳細
本発明の好ましい態様は、以下を包含する。
[1]流体の不均一触媒反応のための化学反応器であって、流体が流れる粒子(80、100)用保持装置を含み、流体の流れの方向から見た場合に上流に位置する保持装置の側は、ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)を含み、およびニットワイヤー編織布(50)の平均クリヤーメッシュ幅は、粒子(80、100)の平均粒径x 50.3 より小さいことを特徴とする、化学反応器。
[2]ニットワイヤー(50)の平均クリヤーメッシュ幅は、粒径(80、100)の平均粒径x 50.3 の≧20%〜≦80%である、[1]に記載の反応器。
[3]ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)の進展性は、平面方向における機械および/または熱応力への暴露下で≧1%である、[1]に記載の反応器。
[4]ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)のワイヤー径は、≧0.03mm〜≦1mmである、[1]に記載の反応器。
[5]ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)の高さは、粒子用保持装置において≧3mm〜≦100mmである、[1]に記載の反応器。
[6]ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)は、機械的作用により変形したニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布である、[1]に記載の反応器。
[7]ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)は、担体(30)上に配置され、および担体(30)は、流体の流れの方向において連続的開口(40)を含む、[1]に記載の反応器。
[8]ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(60)は、担体(30)および反応器の壁(10)の間に更に配置されている、[7]に記載の反応器。
[9]触媒粒子(80)は、保持装置においてニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)上に配置されている、[1]に記載の反応器。
[10]流体に対して不活性である粒子(100)の層は、保持装置においてニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)上に配置され、触媒粒子(80)は、該層上に配置される、[1]に記載の反応器。
[11]流体の反応のための方法であって、該反応を、[1]〜[10]のいずれかに記載の反応器において不均一触媒粒子(80)の存在下で行い、および触媒粒子(80)を、触媒粒子(80)用保持装置において配置することを特徴とする、方法。
[12]反応が終了したときに、反応器を、≧200℃〜≦400℃の温度にて酸素の存在下で加熱することを継続する、[11]に記載の方法。
[13]流体は、芳香族ニトロ化合物および水素を含む、[11]に記載の方法。
[14]反応は断熱的に行う、[11]に記載の方法。
[15]化学反応器における触媒粒子(80)および/または不活性粒子(100)用保持装置としてのニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)の使用。
この実施例では、アニリンを与えるニトロベンゼンの断熱的水素化を、触媒床のための自己支持溝孔付スクリーンを有する反応器中で行った。溝孔付スクリーンのVプロファイルワイヤーは、1.8mmの幅および3.7mmの高さを有し、Vプロファイルワイヤー間の溝幅は、0.65mmであった。Vプロファイルワイヤーの構造物は通常であり、すなわち、反転していない。
実験手順は、実施例C−1からの実験手順に対応し、支持スクリーンは、不活性物質の2つの5cm高さの層で更に覆った。最初のスクリーン上に位置する層は、6mm径の酸化アルミニウムビーズから出来ており、この上に位置する層は、4mm径の酸化アルミニウムビーズから出来ている。この2番目の層上にのみバルク触媒は見出され、この触媒粒子は、1.5mmの平均粒径x50.3を有した。
実験手順は、実施例C−1の実験手順に対応し、溝孔付スクリーンは、連続ワイヤーのニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布で更に覆った。メッシュ編織布は、0.23mmの直径を有し、二重編みされ、3つの層に折り畳まれた。メッシュ編織布は、高純度鋼から製造され、平均クリヤーメッシュ幅は、0.65mmであった。メッシュ編織布は、ボルトにより溝孔付スクリーンへ固定された。
実験手順は、実施例E−1に対応し、ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布の金属ガスケットは、そのワイヤー径は、0.23mmであり、その平均透明メッシュ幅は0.65mmであり、溝孔付スクリーンの外側の担体環と反応器壁の間のギャップに位置する。ガスケットは、反応条件下でさえなお軟質であり、1.2cmの直径を有し、ギャップにおいてそのばね張力により固定した。
この実施例では、アニリンを与えるニトロベンゼンの断熱的水素化を、触媒床のための単純格子を有する反応器中で行った。格子の平均メッシュ幅は、30×10mmであった。プロファイルおよび支持プロファイルの腐食および曲げは、オーステナイト鋼を用いることにより防止した。格子の外側担体環は、浮遊式で反応器壁上に軌道輪上に取り付けた。これにより、低温状態では、約1cmのギャップが担体環および反応器壁間に存在した。ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布の金属ガスケットは、そのワイヤー径は、0.23mmであり、その平均透明メッシュ幅は0.65mmであり、このギャップに位置する。ガスケットは、反応条件下でさえなお軟質であり、1.2cmの直径を有し、ギャップにおいてそのばね張力により固定した。
実験手順は、実施例E−3に対応するが、バルク触媒の高さが50cmへ増加していることが異なっている。比較例および実施例E−1乃至E−3と同じニトロベンゼンの単位時間当たりの量を、反応させた。この場合、これにより1gニトロベンゼン/(mL触媒・時)の代わりに0.8gニトロベンゼン/(mL触媒・時)だけの触媒の体積処理量が得られた。
Claims (3)
- 流体の不均一触媒反応のため、および繰り返しの熱応力への暴露のための化学反応器であって、流体が流れる粒子(80、100)用保持装置を含み、流体の流れの方向から見た場合に上流に位置する保持装置の側は、ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)を含み、およびニットワイヤー編織布(50)の平均クリヤーメッシュ幅は、粒子(80、100)の平均粒径x50.3より小さく、
前記ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)は、担体(30)上に配置され、および前記担体(30)は、流体の流れの方向において連続的開口(40)を含み、
触媒粒子(80)が、前記保持装置において前記ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)上に配置されているか、
又は、
流体に対して不活性である粒子(100)の層が、前記保持装置において前記ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(50)上に配置され、触媒粒子(80)が、該層上に配置されていることを特徴とする、化学反応器。 - ニットワイヤーメッシュ編織布(60)が、前記担体(30)および反応器の壁(10)の間に更に配置されている、請求項1に記載の化学反応器。
- 流体の反応のための方法であって、該反応を、請求項1に記載の反応器において不均一触媒粒子(80)の存在下で行い、および触媒粒子(80)を、前記流体が流れる粒子(80、100)用保持装置において配置することを特徴とする、方法。
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DE102021201811A1 (de) | 2020-02-25 | 2021-08-26 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Reaktor für die katalytische Behandlung eines Gasstroms |
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