JP6067355B2 - Pile head cap - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile head cap that is attached to a pile head when the pile is buried in the ground and transmits a force for burying the pile to the pile head.

  For the purpose of reinforcing the foundation of the building from below, piles are buried in the ground. Such a pile is embedded in the ground in advance before the foundation is formed, and the position of the pile head which is the upper end of the pile is deeper than the ground surface. After the pile is buried, the foundation is reinforced from below by forming the foundation above the pile head.

  As a method for burying a pile deeper than the ground surface, with a pile head cap of a predetermined length attached to the upper end of the pile, a method of applying force by heavy machinery to push down the upper end of the pile head cap Is known (for example, Patent Document 1 below). The force applied by the heavy machinery is transmitted to the pile head via the pile head cap, and the pile is pushed down by the force. When the upper end of the pile head cap is pushed down to near the ground surface, the pile attached below the pile head cap is embedded at a position deeper than the ground surface by an amount corresponding to the length of the pile head cap.

  The pile as described above reinforces the foundation by transmitting a vertical load received from the foundation to the ground or receiving a horizontal force applied during an earthquake. If the buried pile is inclined with respect to the vertical direction, the strength at the connecting portion between the pile head and the foundation is lowered, so that the foundation cannot be sufficiently reinforced with the pile. Therefore, when the pile is buried in the ground, the pile is buried while measuring the inclination of the pile so that the pile is not inclined with respect to the vertical direction.

  As a method for measuring the inclination of the pile, there is a method in which the burying operation is temporarily interrupted in the middle of burying the pile and the inclination of the pile is measured using an inclinometer. When the slope measurement is completed, the suspended burial operation is resumed. However, it is inefficient to measure the slope of the pile by interrupting the burial operation. Moreover, after the time when the pile head is positioned lower than the ground surface, it becomes difficult to measure the inclination of the pile using an inclinometer.

  Therefore, in the pile head cap described in Patent Document 1 below, it is possible to measure the inclination of the pile as the inclination of the pile head cap by embedding an inclinometer (level) in the upper end portion of the pile head cap. Since the inclination of the pile is always measured by the inclinometer during the burying operation, the inclination of the pile can be easily measured without interrupting the burying operation. In addition, since the upper end of the pile head cap is always higher than the ground surface and can be easily seen, the pile can continue to be tilted even after the pile head position is lower than the ground surface. Can be measured.

JP 2010-270511 A

  In the pile head cap described in 1 in the above-mentioned patent document, the pile head and the inclinometer (level device) as the depth at which the pile should be embedded becomes deeper, in other words, as the length of the pile head cap becomes longer. The distance between and increases. As a result, the difference between the inclination measured by the inclinometer and the actual inclination of the pile is increased, and accurate measurement may not be possible.

  The reason is as follows. When a pile with a pile head cap attached is buried in the ground, a horizontal force is also applied to the pile head cap and the pile due to a reaction force received from an obstacle (for example, stone) existing in the ground. When such a force is applied to the pile head cap extending in the vertical direction, the pile head cap may be slightly bent. In such a case, since the inclination of the upper end portion of the pile head cap in which the inclinometer is embedded and the inclination of the lower end portion of the pile head cap (that is, the inclination of the pile) are not matched, It is impossible to accurately measure the inclination of.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and its purpose is to easily measure the inclination of the pile on the ground without interrupting the burying work of the pile, and the measurement error. It is providing the pile head cap which can reduce.

  In order to solve the above problems, a pile head cap according to the present invention is a pile head cap that is attached to a pile head when the pile is buried in the ground, and transmits the force for burying the pile head to the pile head. A pile head holding portion for holding the pile head; and a rod portion extending upward from the pile head holding portion and transmitting the force applied from the ground side to the pile head holding portion. The head holding part has an inclination measuring means for measuring the inclination of the pile in the ground, and further comprises a transmission means for transmitting a measurement result by the inclination measuring means to the ground.

  The pile head cap which concerns on this invention is provided with the pile head holding | maintenance part and the rod part. A pile head holding part is a part for holding the pile head which is the upper end part of a pile. When the pile head holding part holds the pile head, the pile head cap is attached to the pile head. The rod portion is a portion extending upward from the pile head holding portion, and is a portion for transmitting the force applied from the ground side (force applied to bury the pile) to the pile head holding portion.

  The pile head holding part has an inclination measuring means for measuring the inclination of the pile in the ground. By having such an inclination measuring means, the inclination of the pile can be measured without interrupting the burying operation of the pile.

  In this invention, an inclination measurement means is a part of pile head holding part holding a pile head, Comprising: The inclination of a pile is measured in the ground. In other words, the inclination measuring means measures the inclination of the pile while being arranged in the vicinity of the pile head. Therefore, even when the pile head cap is bent due to a reaction force received from an obstacle (for example, stone) existing in the ground, an error in measurement by the inclination measuring means is reduced. As a result, the inclination of the pile can be measured relatively accurately.

  Moreover, the pile head cap which concerns on this invention is further equipped with the transmission means, and the measurement result by an inclination measurement means is transmitted to the ground by the said transmission means. For this reason, although the inclination measurement by the inclination measuring means is performed in the ground, the measurement result can be easily confirmed on the ground (above the ground surface).

  Further, in the pile head cap according to the present invention, the pile head holding portion includes a top end that comes into contact with the pile head from above, and the top end so as to surround a side surface of the pile near the pile head. It is also preferable that the tilt measuring means is attached to the top end.

  In this preferred embodiment, the pile head holding portion of the pile head cap has a substantially cylindrical shape extending downward from the top end so as to surround the side of the pile in the vicinity of the top end contacting the pile head from above. And a side tube. When the pile head cap is attached to the pile head, the pile is in a state where a portion near the pile head is fitted to the top end and the side tube. For this reason, a shift | offset | difference does not arise easily between the inclination of a pile head holding part, and the inclination of a pile.

  Moreover, the inclination measuring means is attached to the top end of the pile head holding portion. That is, the inclination measuring means is attached to the most easily attached portion of the pile head holding portion formed as described above.

  As described above, in this preferred embodiment, the inclination measuring means is attached to the top end which is the most easily attached portion of the pile head holding portion, and the inclination of the pile head holding portion (top end) and the inclination of the pile are It is possible to make a state in which a gap does not easily occur. As a result, the inclination of the pile can be measured more accurately.

  Moreover, in the pile head cap which concerns on this invention, it is also preferable that the length of the said side cylinder along the axial direction of the said pile is more than the length of the internal diameter of the said side cylinder.

  In this preferable aspect, the length of the side cylinder along the axial direction of the pile is not less than the length of the inner diameter of the side cylinder. Since the fitting depth of the pile with respect to the side tube is sufficient, the difference between the inclination of the top end on which the inclination measuring means is mounted and the inclination of the pile is further less likely to occur. As a result, the inclination of the pile can be measured more accurately.

  Moreover, in the pile head cap according to the present invention, the pile head holding portion further includes a position measuring means for measuring the position of the pile head based on communication with a GPS communication satellite, and the transmission means is In addition to the measurement result by the inclination measurement means, it is also preferable that the measurement result by the position measurement means is transmitted to the ground.

  In this preferable aspect, the pile head holding part further has a position measuring means for measuring the position of the pile head based on communication with the GPS communication satellite. Further, the transmission means transmits the measurement result (pile position) by the position measurement means to the ground in addition to the measurement result (pile inclination) by the inclination measurement means. With such a configuration, the pile can be buried while accurately measuring the position of the pile (pile head) on the ground in addition to the inclination of the pile. As a result, the pile burying operation can be performed more accurately.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the pile head cap which can measure the inclination of a pile easily on the ground, and can reduce the error of the said measurement, without interrupting the embedding work of a pile is provided.

It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the outline | summary of the embedding work of a pile performed using the pile head cap which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the outline | summary of the embedding work of a pile performed using the pile head cap which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the state which the embedding work of the pile was completed. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the outline | summary of the embedding work of a pile performed using the pile head cap which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the outline | summary of the embedding work of a pile performed using the pile head cap which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the state which the embedding work of the pile was completed. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the pile head cap which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate the understanding of the description, the same constituent elements in the drawings will be denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible, and redundant description will be omitted.

  An outline of pile embedding work performed using a pile head cap according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Such an operation is an operation of burying the pile 10 in the ground in a stage before forming the foundation for the purpose of reinforcing the foundation of the building from below. The pile 10 is a concrete pile and is buried in a state perpendicular to the ground surface GL.

  The position of the pile head 11 which is the upper end part of the pile 10 becomes a position of the depth DP from the ground surface GL in a state where the burying work is completed. FIG. 3 schematically shows a state in which the pile 10 has been buried.

  In burying the pile 10 in the ground, first, the ground of the portion where the pile 10 is buried is improved. Improvement of the ground refers to injecting cement milk into the soil of the excavated part while excavating the ground or after excavation. In the present embodiment, the substantially cylindrical portion of the ground is improved in accordance with the shape of the pile 10 to be buried. As shown in FIG. 1, the portion is filled with mixed soil MG formed by mixing soil and cement milk.

  After the ground improvement is completed, the pile 10 is buried. FIG. 1 schematically shows a state immediately before starting to bury piles. As shown in FIG. 1, the pile 10 is held by the heavy machine 100 in a state perpendicular to the ground surface GL. The heavy machine 100 is a lift that can be self-propelled, and has a lift head 120 that moves up and down along the column 110. The raising / lowering head 120 is holding the upper end part (stake head 11) of the pile 10 via the pile head cap 50 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The specific shape and the like of the pile head cap 50 will be described in detail later.

  After adjusting the position of the heavy machine 100 so that the lower end of the pile 10 is at a predetermined position (directly above the mixed soil MG), the lifting head 120 is lowered and the pile 10 is embedded in the mixed soil MG. At this time, by lowering the elevating head 120, a force for embedding (force directed downward in the vertical direction) is applied to the pile head cap 50. Such force is transmitted to the pile head 11 via the pile head cap 50 and lowers the pile 10.

  When the position of the pile head 11 reaches the position of the depth DP from the ground surface GL, the operation of the lifting head 120 is stopped. Specifically, the position (target position) of the lifting head 120 in a state in which the pile head 11 is in such a position is obtained in advance, and when the position of the lifting head 120 reaches the target position, the lifting head The operation of 120 is stopped. FIG. 2 shows the state of the pile 10 and the like when the operation of the elevating head 120 is stopped.

  Then, the raising / lowering head 120 is raised and the pile head cap 50 is pulled up. At this time, the pile 10 is left in the ground in the state shown in FIG. 2 to be in the state shown in FIG. That is, the position of the pile head 11 is the position of the depth DP from the ground surface GL, and the periphery of the pile 10 is filled with the mixed soil MG. In the building process after the pile 10 has been buried, the soil existing above the pile 10 (for example, the soil surrounded by the dotted line A in FIG. 3) is removed, and the foundation is located above the pile head 11. Will be formed.

  In addition, the operation | work which embeds the pile 10 in the ground using the pile head cap 50 is not limited to the above. For example, the pile 10 may be buried without previously improving the ground. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the pile 10 is held by the heavy machine 100 in a state perpendicular to the ground surface GL. At this time, the ground immediately below the pile 10 is not improved (unlike in the case of FIG. 1) and is a normal ground.

  Then, after adjusting the position of the heavy machine 100 so that the lower end of the pile 10 may become a predetermined position, the raising / lowering head 120 is lowered | hung and the pile 10 is embed | buried in the mixed soil MG. At this time, by lowering the elevating head 120, a force for embedding (force directed downward in the vertical direction) is applied to the pile head cap 50. Such force is transmitted to the pile head 11 via the pile head cap 50 and lowers the pile 10.

  When the position of the pile head 11 reaches the position of the depth DP from the ground surface GL, the operation of the lifting head 120 is stopped. Specifically, the position (target position) of the lifting head 120 in a state in which the pile head 11 is in such a position is obtained in advance, and when the position of the lifting head 120 reaches the target position, the lifting head The operation of 120 is stopped. FIG. 5 shows the state of the pile 10 and the like when the operation of the elevating head 120 is stopped.

  Then, the raising / lowering head 120 is raised and the pile head cap 50 is pulled up. At this time, the pile 10 is left in the ground in the state shown in FIG. 5 to be in the state shown in FIG. That is, the position of the pile head 11 is the position of the depth DP from the ground surface GL. After the pile 10 has been buried, the soil existing above the pile 10 (for example, the soil surrounded by the dotted line A in FIG. 6) is removed, and the foundation is formed above the pile head 11. It becomes.

  The pile 10 is for reinforcing the foundation by transmitting a vertical load received from the foundation to the ground or receiving a horizontal force applied during an earthquake. If the embedded pile 10 is tilted with respect to the vertical direction, the strength at the connection portion between the pile head 11 and the foundation is lowered, and thus the foundation cannot be sufficiently reinforced with the pile head 11.

  Therefore, when embedding the pile 10 in the ground, it is necessary to take care that the inclination of the pile 10 with respect to the vertical direction does not occur as much as possible. Moreover, it is necessary to pay attention so that the position of the pile head 11 (position in the horizontal direction) does not deviate from a predetermined position.

  As will be described below, the pile head cap 50 according to the present embodiment has a function for measuring the inclination of the pile 10 and the position of the pile head 11 during the burial operation and notifying the operator. For this reason, an operator (an operator of the heavy equipment 100) embeds the pile 10 at a predetermined position and along the vertical direction by operating the heavy equipment 100 while constantly checking the inclination of the pile 10 at the present time. be able to.

  The configuration of the pile head cap 50 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the pile head cap 50 in a state where it is held by the lifting head 120 in a state of being attached to the pile head 11 (that is, the state shown in FIG. 1). A pile head cap 50 is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the pile head cap 50 has a pile head holding portion 60 for holding the pile head 11 and a rod portion 70 extending upward from the pile head holding portion 60. The pile head holding portion 60 includes a substantially disc-shaped top end 61 that comes into contact with the pile head 11 from above, and a substantially cylindrical side tube 62 that extends downward from the top end 61. The outer diameter of the top end 61 and the outer diameter of the side tube 62 are the same, and the central axes of both are the same. The top end 61 only needs to be in contact with substantially the entire top surface of the pile 10, and various plate-like bodies can be used in addition to the one shown in FIG.

  The inner diameter D1 of the side tube 62 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pile 10. With such a configuration, when the pile head cap 50 is attached to the pile head 11, the pile 10 is in a state in which a portion near the pile head 11 is fitted to the top end 61 and the side tube 62. Yes. The length L1 along the vertical direction of the side tube 62 (the length along the central axis of the side tube 62) is longer than the length of the inner diameter D1 of the side tube 62. For this reason, the center axis of the pile 10, the center axis of the side cylinder 62, and the center axis of the top end 61 all coincide with each other, and a shift (inclination) between these center axes hardly occurs. In other words, the state in which the inclination of the pile 10 (and the pile head 11) and the inclination of the top end 61 substantially coincide with each other is maintained.

  The length L1 along the vertical direction of the side tube 62 is not less than the length of the inner diameter D1 of the side tube 62, so that the difference between the inclination of the pile 10 and the inclination of the top end 61 is less likely to occur. it can. On the other hand, it is desirable that the length L1 along the vertical direction of the side tube 62 does not exceed four times the length of the inner diameter D1 of the side tube 62. This is because when the length L1 is too long, it becomes difficult to smoothly fit the pile 10 to the top end 61 and the side tube 62.

  As shown in FIG. 7, an inclinometer 63, a GPS device 64, and a transmitter 65 are mounted on the top surface of the top end 61. The inclinometer 63 is a device for measuring the inclination with respect to the vertical direction. By attaching the inclinometer 63 to the top end 61, it is possible to measure the inclination of the normal line of the top end 61.

  As already described, the state in which the inclination of the pile 10 (and the pile head 11) and the inclination of the top end 61 substantially coincide with each other is maintained. For this reason, the inclinometer 63 functions as a device for measuring the inclination of the pile 10. The inclination measured by the inclinometer 63 is converted into an electric signal and input to the transmitter 65 as an inclination signal.

  The GPS device 64 is a device for measuring its position (position in the horizontal direction) by communicating with a GPS communication satellite. By attaching the GPS device 64 to the top end 61, the position of the pile head 11 can be measured. The position measured by the GPS device 64 is converted into an electric signal and input to the transmitter 65 as a position signal.

  The transmitter 65 is a device that transmits (transmits) the tilt signal input from the inclinometer 63 and the position signal input from the GPS device 64 toward the ground using radio waves. The signal (radio wave) transmitted from the transmitter 65 is received by the display device 71 attached to the rod unit 70. The tilt signal and position signal are constantly updated. For this reason, the signal (radio wave) received by the display device 71 is a tilt signal and a position signal based on the current measured value.

  In addition, the display apparatus 71 does not necessarily need to be attached to the pile head cap 50, and may be disposed, for example, in the driver's seat of the elevator 100. Moreover, the apparatus which receives the signal transmitted from the transmitter 65 on the ground surface does not necessarily need to be an apparatus which displays the inclination and position of the pile head 11, and is an apparatus capable of notifying the operator on the ground surface. I just need it.

  The rod portion 70 is a substantially cylindrical portion extending upward from the pile head holding portion 60, and the central axis thereof coincides with the central axis of the top end 61 and the central axis of the side tube 62. For this reason, in the state where the pile head cap 50 is attached to the pile head 11, the central axis of the rod portion 70 also coincides with the central axis of the pile 10. The rod part 70 is held by the lifting head 120 at its upper end.

  As already described, when the elevating head 120 is lowered, a force for embedding the pile 10 (force directed downward in the vertical direction) is applied to the pile head cap 50. It can be said that the rod part 70 is a part for transmitting such force applied from the heavy equipment 100 on the surface to the pile head holding part.

  The length of the rod part 70 is determined according to the position (depth DP in FIG. 3) of the pile head 11 at the time when the pile 10 is completely buried. That is, at the time when the pile 10 is completely buried, the rod portion 70 has a depth DP so that the distance from the position of the ground surface GL (indicated by the dotted line GL1 in FIG. 7) to the bottom surface of the top end 61 becomes the depth DP. The length has been determined. In addition, in this embodiment, although the whole rod part 70 is integrally formed, embodiment of this invention is not limited to such an aspect. For example, when the depth DP is very deep, the rod portion 70 may be formed by preparing a plurality of substantially cylindrical members and adding them in a state where the respective central axes coincide with each other. Good.

  A display device 71 is mounted near the upper end of the rod portion 70 and below the portion held by the lifting head 120. The display device 71 is a device that receives a signal (radio wave) transmitted from the transmitter 65 and displays the inclination of the pile 10 based on the inclination signal and the position of the pile head 11 based on the position signal. The display is constantly being updated. For this reason, the display device 71 displays the current inclination of the pile 10 and the current position of the pile head 11 in real time.

  The display device 71 is mounted on the rod portion 70 at a position (a position higher than the dotted line GL1 in FIG. 7) that is higher than the ground surface GL when the pile 10 is completely buried. For this reason, the operator of the heavy equipment 100 can visually check the display device 71 at any time without interrupting the work while performing the burying work, and confirm the inclination of the pile 10 and the position of the pile head 11 at the present time. Can do.

  When the pile 10 is inclined with respect to the vertical direction, the inclination can be corrected while confirming the display device 71. Therefore, the pile 10 can be embedded in a state along the vertical direction.

  As explained above, according to the pile head cap 50 according to the present embodiment, even after the point when the pile head 11 is positioned lower than the ground surface GL, the inclinometer 63 is the inclination of the pile 10 in the ground. Measure accurately. Also, such measurement results can be easily confirmed in real time on the ground surface.

  In the present embodiment, the tilt signal from the inclinometer 63 and the position signal from the GPS device 64 are transmitted toward the ground surface by a single (common) transmitter 65. However, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to such an aspect. For example, it is good also as an aspect in which the inclinometer 63 and the GPS apparatus 64 are each provided with a dedicated transmitter. In this case, the whole including both the transmitter of the inclinometer 63 and the transmitter of the GPS device 64 corresponds to the transmission means of the present invention.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the method to embed a concrete pile in the ground was demonstrated, as a use of the pile head cap which concerns on this invention, it is not limited to such a thing. For example, the pile head cap according to the present invention can also be used when burying other existing piles such as steel pipe piles. The pile head cap according to the present invention is also applied to a pile that has a spiral blade for excavation at the tip and is buried by using the propulsion force generated by the spiral blade into the ground. Can be used. In such a case, the “force for burying the pile” means a force for rotating the pile around its central axis.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the example which performs radio | wireless communication by an electromagnetic wave between the transmitter 65 and the display apparatus 71 was demonstrated, it is not limited to such a communication system of the pile head cap which concerns on this invention. . For example, a signal line may be arranged between the transmitter 65 and the display device 71 to perform wired communication.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these specific examples. In other words, those specific examples that have been appropriately modified by those skilled in the art are also included in the scope of the present invention as long as they have the characteristics of the present invention. For example, the elements included in each of the specific examples described above and their arrangement, materials, conditions, shapes, sizes, and the like are not limited to those illustrated, but can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, each element with which each embodiment mentioned above is provided can be combined as long as technically possible, and the combination of these is also included in the scope of the present invention as long as it includes the features of the present invention.

10: Pile 11: Pile head 50: Pile head cap 60: Pile head holding part 61: Top end 62: Side tube 63: Inclinometer 64: GPS device 65: Transmitter 70: Rod part 71: Display device 100: Heavy equipment 110 : Prop 120: Lift head GL: Ground MG: Mixed soil

Claims (4)

A pile head cap that is attached to the pile head when burying the pile in the ground and transmits the force for burying to the pile head,
A pile head holding portion for holding the pile head;
A rod portion extending upward from the pile head holding portion and transmitting the force applied from the ground side to the pile head holding portion;
The pile head holding portion has a slope measuring means for measuring the inclination of the pile in the ground, and a transfer means for transfer reaches a measurement result by the previous SL inclination measuring means,
The rod head has a display device for displaying the measurement result transmitted from the transmission means in the vicinity of the upper end of the rod portion . The pile head holding part is
A top edge that comes into contact with the pile head from above;
A substantially cylindrical side tube extending downward from the top end so as to surround the side surface of the pile in the vicinity of the pile head;
The pile head cap according to claim 1, wherein the inclination measuring means is mounted on the top end.   The pile head cap according to claim 2, wherein the length of the side tube along the axial direction of the pile is equal to or greater than the length of the inner diameter of the side tube. The pile head holding part further has a position measuring means for measuring the position of the pile head based on communication with a GPS communication satellite,
It said transmission means, in addition to the measurement result by the inclination measuring means, characterized in that the measurement result obtained by the position measuring means is also to reach Den, pile according to any one of claims 1 to 3 Head cap.

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