JP6046356B2 - Roof base laying structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a foundation laying structure of a rugged roof such as a folded plate roof or a corrugated slate roof.

  Folded plate roofs and corrugated sheet slate roofs are often used for temporary housing, factory / warehouse roofs, etc. because of their ease of construction, etc. The temperature rises sharply, which increases the cooling costs, and has a problem that the heating effect in the room is lost in winter. Types of folded-plate roofs include single-folded double-folded plates that take heat insulation into consideration, and folded-plate roofs with heat-insulated glass wool. Corrugated sheet slate is often used for inclined roofs, but there is also a double use example in which corrugated sheet slate is covered with folded sheet roof.

Further, greening the top of a folded plate roof or the like has been studied. For example, in Patent Document 1, a concave portion of an uneven folded plate roof is used as a cultivation container, and a vegetation mat is set in the concave portion. A folded-plate roof greening structure is described in which a mesh plate is placed on the mesh plate and the mesh plate is pressed and fixed by a frame.
Patent Document 2 discloses a roof greening system having irregularities such as a folded-plate roof and a corrugated slate roof, and a thin mat-like shape is formed on the roof while holding a gap through which air and water can flow in the concave portion. What fixed the soil-free culture medium is disclosed. Paragraph 0013 of Patent Document 2 states that “the soil-free medium 10 is formed from a fiber material such as coconut shell, and is laid on the root-proof sheet 22 and the flat bar 26. A vinyl net 11 as a presser member for preventing scattering is stretched on the upper side of the bolt 13c, and a nut 13a is screwed through the presser plate 13b to the upper end of the bolt 13c. 10 is pressed and fixed. "

JP 2000-166375 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-137741

However, in the thing of the said patent document, since the thin mat which consists of fiber materials, such as a coconut shell, is used, the problem that it will rot or an insect generate | occur | produces, and the air blows into the recessed part of a folded-plate roof. May cause bad odor. Moreover, in the thing of the said patent document, irrigation is required, and even if it lays on the roof etc. of a building once, regular management is required. And it is thought that the response to fire (flame retardant) is not sufficient.
In addition, in the conventional folded-plate roof, there are double folded plates considering heat insulation, folded plates with heat-insulated glass wool, etc., but these have a heat-insulating effect, but are sufficient to prevent an increase in indoor temperature in summer. Has no effect.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is that there is no problem such as rot or insects, water management such as irrigation is not necessary, and a roof laying structure suitable as a roof structure in summer and winter is provided. It is to provide.

In the roof laying structure of the present invention, the porous ceramic substrate is laid directly on the uneven folded roof or corrugated slate roof so as to be bridged between the protrusions, or attached at predetermined intervals. lateral be those laid in the base member, the porous ceramic base includes a large flat pore having a pore diameter of 1 millimeter to 30 millimeters, of 10 nanometers to 1000 micrometers while perforated fine pores, large It is a sponge-like continuous through-hole structure in which fine pores of about 10 nanometers to 1000 micrometers surround a flat pore having a diameter of about 1 to 30 millimeters, and the folded plate roof or corrugated plate slate. The face door for the recess is attached to the surface formed by the recess of the roof and the porous ceramic substrate. And features.
The porous ceramic substrate is obtained by firing a mixture of clay, diatomaceous earth and / or organic sludge, and slag, and the slag is cast iron slag having a pore diameter of 1 to 30 mm due to the slag. It has large flat pores, micrometer-sized pores inherent in diatomaceous earth and / or fine pores of 10 nanometers to 1000 micrometers due to organic sludge, and large flat pore diameters of 1 to 30 millimeters. It is characterized by a sponge-like continuous through pore structure in which fine pores caused by micrometer-sized diatomaceous earth and / or organic sludge of 10 nanometers to 1000 micrometers are surrounded around pores caused by slag of a certain degree To do.
Further, the porous ceramic substrate is a plate-shaped object having a bulk specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.5 g / cm ³ , a thickness of about 15 to 60 mm, and a side length of about 100 to 1000 mm. The side surface portion of the porous ceramic substrate is laid in contact with the side surface portion of the adjacent porous ceramic substrate, and rainwater and snow water are discharged from the cross section of the porous ceramic substrate on the outer periphery. It is characterized by being laid like this.

The porous ceramic substrate is a ceramic in which an infinite number of fine pores (also referred to as pores) are vacant in the inner layer, and the porous ceramic substrate has a large amount of air with a pore diameter of about 10 nanometers to 30 millimeters. It is good to have a layer of. In addition, the hole diameter of a hole means the longest diameter of the hole which measured the hole in the cross section of a porous ceramic base | substrate using a scale, an electron microscope, etc. Therefore, according to the present invention, by directly laying the porous ceramic substrate so as to be bridged between the convex portions such as the uneven folded-plate roof, the interior of the building is cool in summer and indoors in winter. The roof structure does not release the heat. Moreover, there is almost no problem that it rots like a mat using organic matter or insects are generated.
And the porous ceramics base has more water retention than it has many holes, it stores water from rain etc. in the holes and volatilizes the water little by little when it is under hot weather (water hammering effect) Furthermore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the room temperature of a roof or a room provided under the roof.
In addition, the porous ceramic substrate is an inorganic material, unlike a mat using conventional organic matter, and thus has a high flame retardancy, so that the risk of fire is also reduced. In addition, since the porous ceramic substrate is a ceramic, its shape is more stable than a mat using organic matter, and its specific gravity is large, so it is stable when laid on the roof. Also, it can be installed by fixing the outer periphery of the porous ceramic substrate that has been laid down with a mounting bracket, etc., so work efficiency is good and it is stable against strong winds. Moreover, since it is ceramic but porous, it is lighter than ordinary roof tiles. Therefore, it can be laid in a temporary housing with low strength.

According to the roof laying structure of the present invention, a porous ceramic base is attached to a lateral base member at a predetermined interval on an uneven folded plate roof or a corrugated slate roof, and the porous ceramic base is attached to the horizontal base member at the predetermined interval. It is characterized by laying.
The horizontal base member can be attached so as to be bridged between convex portions such as a folded-plate roof, or can be attached in parallel to the concave and convex portions. From the viewpoint of creating an air flow between the porous ceramic substrate and the folded plate roof, etc., and creating an air flow in the entire space formed by the folded plate roof and the porous ceramic substrate, the lateral base member is It is good to attach so that it may span between convex parts.

  According to the present invention, by laying the porous ceramic substrate directly so as to span between the convex portions of the uneven folded-plate roof, the interior of the building is cool in summer and heat in winter. Although the roof structure does not escape, the laying state of the porous ceramic substrate is stabilized by attaching horizontal base members at predetermined intervals so as to bridge between the convex portions of the folded plate roof. As a result, the air flow between the concave portion and the concave portion of the folded plate roof or the like can be communicated, and air circulation between the roof material such as the folded plate roof and the porous ceramics can be achieved.

In the present invention, the porous ceramic substrate is a porous ceramic substrate obtained by firing a mixture of diatomaceous earth, slag, clay and biomass cake, and micrometer-sized pores and organic sludge inherent in diatomaceous earth are burned off. The combination of the resulting nanometer to micrometer size pores and the millimeter size pores generated by foaming of the slag results in about 10 nanometers around a large flat pore diameter of about 1 to 30 millimeters caused by the slag. It is preferable to have a continuous through pore structure of fine pores of about ~ 1000 micrometers.
In the present invention, the porous ceramic substrate preferably has a bulk specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.5 g / cm ³ and a saturated moisture content of 20 to 85% by mass.

  According to the present invention, the above-mentioned bulk specific gravity and saturated water content make the porosity and its water retention high, and the porous ceramic base can be laid in a low-strength building such as a temporary house because it is light, and the air Since it is contained in a large amount, it has excellent heat insulation properties and water retention, so it can contain a lot of water. It is excellent for growing and can grow plants without giving water for a long time.

As this invention, it is preferable that the surface door for recessed parts is attached to the surface formed with the recessed part and porous ceramic base | substrate of the said folded-plate roof or a corrugated sheet slate roof. As the types of face doors, those that close the concave part of the folded plate roof etc. in the summer and block the inflow of hot air, and those that have a ventilation function of the concave part such as the folded plate roof are preferable, and the concave part of the folded plate roof in the winter season A door that prevents warm air from flowing out between the roofing material and the porous ceramic, and a door that prevents cold wind, rain, snow, etc. from blowing in is preferable.
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the ventilation function of the air of recessed parts, such as a folded-plate roof, can be exhibited, or the indoor heat insulation effect can be heightened. In addition, insects and birds can be prevented from entering.

  In the present invention, the porous ceramic substrate is preferably a ceramic sintered body obtained by firing a mixture containing clay and slag. With such a porous ceramic substrate, the bulk specific gravity is small, the water retention is excellent, the heat insulation that can be installed in a temporary house, etc. is excellent, and the temperature rise suppression effect on the surface of the porous ceramic sintered body due to the hammering effect is excellent. A porous ceramic substrate is obtained.

  According to the present invention, when the porous ceramic substrate is laid so as to be bridged between the convex portions of the uneven folded-plate roof or corrugated slate roof, the temperature inside the building is suppressed in summer. In winter, the heat from the heating will not be lost. And even if it uses for a long period of time, it can suppress that it decays | rotates or an insect is generated. In addition, because the water retention is high (because rainwater is retained), under the hot sun, the retained water is vaporized, creating a water-damping effect, and suppressing the rise in the surface temperature of the porous ceramic substrate. Temperature rise is suppressed.

It is a figure of the laying state of the porous ceramic base of this invention, (a) is a side view, (b) is sectional drawing of the location with a metal fitting for heat insulation. It is a figure of the laying state of the porous ceramic base using the horizontal base member of this invention, (a) is a top view of the state which has arrange | positioned the porous ceramic base on the horizontal base member, (b) is horizontal It is sectional drawing of the location (AA line) with a base member, (c) is sectional drawing of the location (BB line) without a horizontal base member. It is a figure explaining the construction example of the porous ceramics base | substrate which is not planted of this invention. It is a figure which shows the porous ceramic base material of this invention. It is a figure explaining the process of laying and planting the porous ceramic base | substrate of this invention in a farm field. It is a figure which shows the planted porous ceramic base | substrate of this invention. It is a figure explaining the process of laying the planted porous ceramic base | substrate on a folded-plate roof. It is a figure explaining the process of laying the planted porous ceramic base | substrate on a folded-plate roof. It is a figure explaining the process of laying the planted porous ceramic base | substrate on a folded-plate roof. It is a figure explaining the process of laying the planted porous ceramic base | substrate on a folded-plate roof. It is a figure explaining the process of laying the planted porous ceramic base | substrate on a folded-plate roof. It is a figure explaining the process of laying the planted porous ceramic base | substrate on a folded-plate roof. It is a figure explaining the process of laying the planted porous ceramic base | substrate on a folded-plate roof. It is an example of the face door for recessed parts which concerns on this invention. It is an example of the face door for recessed parts which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the construction example of the face door for the recessed parts which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the construction example of the face door for the recessed parts which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the construction example which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1
As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the basement laying structure of the folded-plate roof according to the present embodiment includes a porous ceramic substrate 1 between the convex portions 11a and 11a in the concave-convex folded-plate roof 11. It is laid so as to be bridged over. Here, it is preferable to arrange the side surface portion 1a of the porous ceramic substrate 1 so as to be positioned on the convex portion 11a of the folded plate roof 11 (FIG. 1A).
The porous ceramic substrate 1 can be an arbitrary porous ceramic plate. Preferably, the porous ceramic substrate 1 having a large air layer by having many fine pores having a pore diameter of about 10 nanometers to 30 millimeters is preferable.
Such a porous ceramic substrate 1 is obtained by firing a mixture containing clay and slag. When the mixture containing clay and slag contains diatomaceous earth and / or organic sludge (also referred to as biomass cake) in addition to clay and slag, a porous ceramic substrate having a larger number of fine pores can be obtained. FIG. 4A shows a porous ceramic substrate 1 obtained by firing the mixture (clay, slag, diatomaceous earth, organic sludge) as a raw material at a predetermined temperature. The porous ceramic substrate 1 is baked and hardened with an inorganic substance such as clay, but the porous ceramic substrate 1 of the present embodiment includes diatomaceous earth and slag (not particularly limited, but blast furnace slag generated during metal refining. Examples include municipal waste slag generated when melting municipal waste, sewage sludge molten slag generated when sewage sludge is melted, and glassy slag such as cast iron slag generated when cast iron such as ductile cast iron. Cast iron slag is preferred from the standpoint of performance) and a porous ceramic substrate obtained by firing a mixture of clay and biomass cake. More specifically, the combination of micrometer-size pores inherent in diatomaceous earth and nanometer-to-micrometer-size pores obtained by burning organic sludge with millimeter-size pores generated by foaming of slag produces slag. It has a sponge-like continuous through-hole structure in which fine pores of about 10 nanometers to about 1000 micrometers are surrounded around large flat pores (pore diameter of about 1 to 30 millimeters) caused by the above. And, in the manner of firing (firing temperature, time, temperature increase rate, etc.), the upper layer and the lower layer are formed with pores equivalent to the inner layer, the upper layer is formed with pores equivalent to the inner layer, Moreover, pores in the lower layer are finer than those in the upper layer and the inner layer, and those in which the upper layer and the lower layer are the same pores and the inner layer is finer than the upper layer and the lower layer can be manufactured.

The porous ceramic substrate 1 is, for example, a plate-like material having a bulk specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.5 g / cm ³ , a thickness of about 15 to 60 mm, and a side length of about 100 to 1000 mm. Has continuous pores and water retention. Moreover, it is preferable that saturation moisture content is 20-85 mass%. In the present embodiment, it is more preferable that the bulk specific gravity is 0.5 to 1.0 g / cm ³ and the saturated moisture content is 30 to 80% by mass.
Such a porous ceramic substrate 1 is an inorganic material and does not rot itself like an organic material, and is excellent in flame retardancy. Furthermore, there is no volatilization of organic chemical substances or elution of heavy metals, etc., and it is excellent in water permeability, water retention, sound absorption, heat insulation, workability, and water absorption.
Moreover, since the porous ceramic substrate 1 has excellent water retention, it is possible to grow plants. According to the porous ceramic substrate 1 of the present embodiment, a succulent plant 3 such as sedum can usually be grown only with the moisture of rainwater, and weeding and pruning operations can be reduced. Once planted, it can be grown even with a rainfall of about once a month with almost no human intervention.

  In planting the porous ceramic substrate 1, for example, giraffe, evergreen giraffe, tight gome, malva mannegusa, menomanengusa and the like are preferable because of their long-term preservation, in addition to turf and moss. Here, the succulent plant 3 has various strains, and there are some species in which many species have become succulent, such as cactaceae, aloe family, sea urchinaceae, and crassulaceae. These cultivations are carried out after planting in a field (a field in a state like a paddy field or paddy field) where moisture is sufficiently distributed (FIG. 4 (b)), and then carried on the roof of the building and laid (FIG. 4 ( e) to (j)). When planting in the above-mentioned field in the greenhouse 5, it is possible to plant stably (hard to come off) faster than open field cultivation, and the effect of making the entire base 1 conform to water.

  FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a state in which the porous ceramic substrate 1 on which the succulent plant 3 is not planted is directly laid on the metal folded plate roof 11 of the building. By attaching a mounting bracket (heat insulating bracket with heat insulation in FIG. 3) 4 on the folded plate roof 11 before construction shown in FIG. 3 (a), the porous ceramic substrate 1 extends over the entire folded plate roof 11. Are fixed in an array. In the present embodiment, the porous ceramic substrate 1 is directly laid so as to span the convex portions 11 a and the convex portions 11 a of the folded plate roof 11. There is also an advantage that it can be installed. Thus, the porous ceramic substrate 1 of the present embodiment can be used as a roof member, and can be constructed on a newly built or existing folded plate roof 11 using the mounting bracket 4 such as a heat insulating bracket. . Here, the direct laying means that the lateral base member 7 is not used, and a sheet or board is sandwiched between the folded roof 11 and the porous ceramic substrate 1, but only the lateral base member 7 is used. If the porous ceramic substrate 1 is directly laid only on the convex portion 11a of the folded plate roof 11 using only the mounting bracket 4 without sandwiching a board or the like, the construction is easy and preferable. The mounting bracket 4 is not limited to metal, and may be made of resin such as polycarbonate. Moreover, the attachment metal fitting 4 may not have heat insulation.

  FIG.1 (b) is an example in the case of laying the porous ceramic base | substrate 1 which has not planted the succulent plant 3 in the metal folded-plate roof 11, and is a figure of the location with the attachment metal fitting 4, FIG. 1A is a diagram of a portion where the mounting bracket 4 is not provided. The mounting bracket 4 here is a bracket that exerts a heat insulating action, and is mounted so as not to cover the horizontal H-shaped head (FIG. 3B).

Reference numerals 6a and 6b in FIG. 1 (a) are conventional commercially available face doors, and the surface formed by the convex portions 11a and girders of the folded plate roof 11 (side surface on the eaves side) is like a lid. Install. Reference numeral 6a is a face door that does not have a vent or the like, and reference numeral 6b is a face door with a ventilation function, in which a clearance c for ventilation is formed.
Furthermore, on the surface (side surface of the eaves side) formed by the concave portion 11b of the folded plate roof 11 and the porous ceramic substrates 1 and 2, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the face door according to the present invention is provided. 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f, 9g, 9h, 9i, 9j are arranged. That is, the recessed surface doors 9a to 9j of the present embodiment are arranged so as to close the recessed portion 11b of the folded plate roof 11, and the recessed surface doors for discharging rainwater, snow water, and the like (see FIG. 5 (a), 9a in FIG. 5 (b), a recessed door that slides downward on the lower side (9c in FIG. 5 (a)), and a mesh-structured recess. Because the face door (symbol 9b in FIG. 5 (a)), the sealed face door (symbol 9d in FIG. 5 (a)) that prevents the inflow and outflow of air from the recess, and the slight flow of air A face door employing a structure such as a face door provided with a gap c (reference numeral 9e in FIG. 5A) can be given. In the example in which the opening / closing part d is opened and closed by the hinge 9t in FIG. 5 (a) or 9g in FIG. 5 (b), when rainwater or the like flows into the recessed part 11b of the folded plate roof, The opening / closing part d is easily opened, but the opening / closing part d is not opened by an external force such as wind. Moreover, as a type using the hinge t, the opening / closing part d can be opened inward by the wind from the outside so that external air can be taken in. In addition, it is also possible to make a double opening in which the opening / closing part d opens both inside and outside.
Further, the face doors (reference numerals 9i and 9j in FIG. 5B) provided with a gap c at the lower end are used for discharging rain water and the like together with the air flow, and the gap c at a predetermined height position. The provided door (symbol 9h in FIG. 5B) can be used. In the example of the code | symbol 9i in FIG.5 (b), about 0.5-2 cm is preferable from the bottom part of the recessed part 11b. In the example of reference numeral 9j in FIG. 5B, in addition to the gap c at the lower end, gaps c are also provided on the left and right sides, and a U-shaped gap c is provided as a whole. In the example of 9h in FIG.5 (b), rain water etc. can be stored to predetermined height by providing the clearance c in the height position about 1-2 cm from the bottom part of the recessed part 11b. It evaporates and suppresses the temperature rise in the building by the heat of vaporization. Further, the face doors 9a to 9j of the present invention may be of a type such as a removable cap (which becomes a lid when the surrounding taper enters inside) or a type fixed with screws or the like, Moreover, the thing of L-shaped cross section mentioned later may be sufficient (FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9).
Moreover, the same kind of surface door may be used, and several types of surface doors 9a-9j may be used together like FIG. 5 (a) (b). In order to discharge rainwater or the like that has reached the recessed portion 11b of the folded plate roof, it is possible to provide a gap c at the bottom (lowermost portion) of the recessed portion 11b so that rainwater or the like does not stay while closing the recessed portion 11b. (Reference numerals 9i and 9j in FIG. 5B). In the example of the face doors 9a, 9c, and 9g having the opening / closing portion d, if the opening / closing portion d is not opened by an external force such as wind, but a force that is easily opened by an internal force is used, a strong wind is generated in winter. Even if it blows, only the unnecessary water accumulated at the bottom of the recess 11b is discharged without releasing the warm air in the recess 11b of the folded plate roof. Moreover, in the example shown to the codes | symbols 9e and 9h, when giving rainwater etc. and water storage, the crevice c of the lowest part provided in the face doors 9e and 9h exists in the place about 1-2 cm from the lower surface of a face door. And preferred. In addition, the thickness of the gap c is preferably about 1 to 5 mm from the viewpoint of being able to drain water and suppressing intrusion of birds, insects, and the like. From the viewpoint of the flow of air, the gap c is preferably a plurality (9e) having a single door or having a predetermined shape (9j). On the other hand, the gap c may be provided at only one place (9h).
In addition, when water accumulates in the concave portion 11b of the folded plate roof 11, an open / close type can be opened by opening the open / close portion d of the surface doors 9a, 9c, 9g for the concave portion, and a removable one can be used for the concave portion. By removing the face doors (9a to 9j), water is discharged from the side surface (eave side) of the concave portion 11b of the folded plate roof 11 (see FIGS. 7 and 8).
In addition, if the porous ceramic substrate 1 of the present embodiment is used, it has excellent water retention due to the structure of the pores as described above, and rain water and snow water are perpendicular to the porous ceramic substrate 1. Since the diffusion in the horizontal direction is faster than that, rainwater or the like diffuses from the side surface 1a of the porous ceramic substrate 1 to the side surface 1a of the adjacent porous ceramic substrate 1 (FIG. 1 (a), FIG. 4 (j)), it is possible to prevent water from being collected between the folded plate roof 11 and the porous ceramic substrate 1 by being discharged from the cross section of the outer peripheral porous ceramic substrate 1 laid.

Moreover, the face door 9f shown in FIG. 6 is the face door 9f according to the present invention for simultaneously closing the plurality of recesses 11b, and the lower side (opening / closing part d) is opened via the hinge t to discharge rainwater or the like. A plurality (two) of doors 9g for recesses are connected. The recessed surface door 9f shown in FIG. 6 closes the plurality of recessed portions 11b at the same time and is connected via a connecting portion r. The face doors to be connected are not limited to the face door 9g, and the face doors 9a to 9j can be arbitrarily used, and a plurality of kinds of face doors 9a to 9j may be combined. Moreover, the number of the face doors 9a-9j to connect can also be made into 2 pieces or 3 or more. Furthermore, as shown to Fig.5 (a) (b), the recessed part 11b of the folded-plate roof 11 is obtained by using together the face door 9a-9j of the invention of this application, and the conventional face door (code | symbol 6a, 6b). Reinforcement of the folded-plate roof 11 on the eaves side can be achieved by both the convex portion 11a (from both the inside and the outside).
These recessed doors 9a to 9j may be configured to allow air (wind) to flow through the recessed portion 11b of the folded roof 11 in the summer (for example, the mesh-structured recessed doors 9b and gaps c). Opening and using the recessed doors 9e, 9i, 9j and the opening / closing doors d of the openable doors 9a, 9c, 9g.) In winter, the side surface of the recessed portion 11b of the folded plate roof 11, that is, folding On the surface formed by the concave portion 11b of the plate roof 11 and the porous ceramic bases 1 and 2, the sealing type face door (lid) 9d according to the present invention and the opening and closing parts d of the opening and closing type face doors 9a, 9c and 9g are provided. It can be used by closing it, or it can be used according to the season.
Moreover, as an example of construction of the face doors 9a to 9j for the recesses of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the prism column frame 13 in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the folded plate roof 11 (the side on which the flange 15 is arranged). The porous ceramic substrate 1 is laid down to the position where the surface door is disposed, the frame 14 having the step 14a is continuously arranged on the prismatic frame 13, and the face doors 9a to 9j of the above embodiment are passed through the step 14a. Attach by screwing or fitting. If the face doors 9a to 9j are formed in an L-shaped cross section, the face doors 9a to 9j having an L-shaped cross section can be superposed on the stepped portion 14a and can be fastened with screws or the like. It is. In addition, when the face doors 9a to 9j are the face doors 9i and 9j having the gap c, the predetermined gap c may be closed with a caulking agent m or the like. In addition, the other side of the said construction example is construction which leaves the recessed part 11b of the folded-plate roof 11 at the eaves end side like FIG. In the example of FIG. 9, one recess 11 b is left on the eaves side, but a plurality of works can be left. Further, the face doors 9a to 9j are not arranged in the recess 11b left on the eaves side, and reinforcing bars h are attached at predetermined intervals.

  As described above, in order to lay the non-planted porous ceramic substrate 1 of the present embodiment on the folded plate roof 11, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the folded plate roof 11 is porous. The quality ceramic substrate 1 is laid so as to be bridged between the convex portion 11a and the convex portion 11a of the folded plate roof 11 by using a mounting bracket (insulating metal bracket) 4 or the like. That is, in the case of the present embodiment, the porous ceramic substrate 1 is directly laid without using the horizontal base member 7. It should be noted that both the porous ceramic substrate 1 without planting and the porous ceramic substrate 2 with planting can be laid, and it is of course possible to use both of these porous ceramic substrates 1 and 2.

Embodiment 2
FIG. 4 shows an example in which the horizontal base member 7 is attached to the folded roof 11 having irregularities at a predetermined interval, and the porous ceramic substrate 2 is laid between the horizontal base member 7 and the horizontal base member 7. Specifically, the horizontal base member 7 is attached at predetermined intervals so as to be bridged between the convex portions 11a and 11a of the folded plate roof 11 (FIGS. 4 (g) (j)), and the mounting bracket is provided so as not to be displaced. 4 is used (FIG. 4 (h)). The porous ceramic substrate 2 is inserted into the U-shaped space of the prismatic frame 13 on the outer periphery of the spread porous ceramic substrate 2 (FIG. 4 (i)). In FIG. 4 (i), the planted porous ceramic substrate 2 is used, but the non-planted porous ceramic substrate 1 or the non-planted porous ceramic substrate 1 and the planted porous ceramic substrate. It is also possible to lay the folded plate roof 11 in combination with the base 2.

The lateral base member 7 may be an L-shaped bar-shaped metal fitting, resin or wood. A gap is generated between the convex portion 11a and the porous ceramic substrate 1 by using the horizontal base member 7 attached at a predetermined interval so as to span between the convex portion 11a and the convex portion 11a of the folded plate roof 11 having irregularities. The flow of the air under these is planned, and the flow of the air in the whole space formed with the folded-plate roof 11 and the porous ceramic base 1 is planned (refer FIG.2 (c)). In addition, since the horizontal base member 7 is attached at a predetermined interval, air can be taken in and out from the pores without closing the pores on the lower surface of the porous ceramic substrate 2 unlike the case where the sheet is placed downward. Secured.
Even when the horizontal base member 7 is used, the same surface doors 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f, 9g as those described above are formed on the surface formed by the uneven folded plate roof 11 and the porous ceramic substrate 1. , 9h, 9i, 9j, etc. can be attached. These face doors 9a to 9j may be removable as described above, or may be fixed with screws or the like. Moreover, when the horizontal base member 7 exists between the outer peripheral part of the laid porous ceramic substrate 2 and the folded plate roof 11 or the like, the entire surface formed by the porous ceramic substrate 2 and the folded plate roof 11 Instead, the face doors 9a to 9j may be attached only to the surface (opening) formed by the horizontal base member 7 and the folded plate roof 11.
The folded plate roof 11 is not limited to metal, and may be made of resin such as polycarbonate. The folded plate roof 11 may be a roof on which corrugated slate (straight corrugated plate) having irregularities is arranged.

The horizontal base member 7 may be attached to the folded plate roof 11 at predetermined intervals (FIG. 4G), and the porous ceramic substrate 2 may be laid between the horizontal base member 7 and the horizontal base member 7 (FIG. 2 ( a) (b)). When the porous ceramic substrate 2 is laid between the horizontal base members 7 and 7, as shown in FIG. 2C, the air flow from the concave portion 11b to the concave portion 11b is secured at the position where the horizontal base member 7 is not disposed. Will be.
In addition, when the planted porous ceramic substrate 2 is laid, the folded plate roof 11 or the corrugated slate roof can be greened.
The folded plate roof 11 includes a double-folded folded plate roof with a heat insulating material interposed therebetween, but can be applied in the same manner as in the present embodiment. Needless to say, a face door that fills the gap between the raised part of the folded plate roof and the eaves can also be used at the same time.
In addition, in both Embodiments 1 and 2, the same porous ceramic substrate, mounting bracket, face door, folded plate roof and the like can be used.

Example 1
The porous ceramic substrate 1 without planting is fixed using the mounting bracket 4 so as to be bridged directly between the convex portion 11a and the convex portion 11a of the folded plate roof 11 of the temporary house without using the lateral base member 7. Laid. Porous ceramics base 1, one side of 500mm square length and a thickness of 30 mm, having a flexural strength of 3.3 N / mm ^2. Moreover, the bulk specific gravity is 0.7 g / cm ³ , the saturated water content is 50 mass%, and the water permeability is 1 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / sec. A bending strength of 3.3 N / mm ² can sufficiently withstand the weight of snow.
Further, the porous ceramic substrate 1 has a sound absorption characteristic (vertical sound absorption coefficient) of 80% at 300 Hz, 90% at 500 Hz, and 91% at 1000 Hz. The thermal conductivity is 0.123 W / (m · K).
The face doors 9a were attached to all the surfaces formed by the outer peripheral portion of the laid porous ceramic substrate 1 and the concave portion 11b of the folded plate roof 11. Moreover, the face door 6a was also attached to the clearance between the convex portion 11a of the folded plate roof 11 and the eaves girder. The interior of the room was excellent in heat retention (heat insulation), and the sound of rain falling on the folded plate roof 11 which had been a concern in the past was reduced, and a soundproofing effect could be exhibited. And when the surface temperature of the roof was measured at noon under the hot sun in August, it was 57 ° C on the roof where the porous ceramic substrate 1 was not laid, whereas the porous ceramic substrate 1 was laid. The roof was 37 ° C. It was confirmed that the rise in the temperature of the roof was suppressed by the hammering effect of the porous ceramic substrate 1, the interior of the temporary house was cool, and the heat insulation effect by the porous ceramic substrate 1 and the face door 9 a was also confirmed.

(Example 2)
The porous base material 1 is attached so that the horizontal base member 7 is bridged between the convex portions 11a and the convex portions 11a of the folded plate roof 11 of the factory so as to be bridged between the horizontal base member 7 and the horizontal base member 7. A porous ceramic substrate 2 on which a succulent plant (Sedum) 3 was planted was laid. Since the horizontal base member is installed between the outer peripheral portion of the laid porous ceramic substrate 2 and the folded plate roof 11, the folded plate among the surfaces formed by the concave portions of the porous ceramic substrate 2 and the folded plate roof 11. The surface door 9a for a recessed part was attached to all the surfaces formed with the recessed part of the roof 11, and the horizontal base member. Moreover, the face door 6a was also attached to the gap between the convex part of the folded plate roof and the eaves girder.

In addition, said various physical-property value was measured with the following method.
<Bulk specific gravity>
A porous ceramic substrate cut into approximately 15 cm x 15 cm is used as a test piece, and the volume (cm ³ ) of the test piece is determined by measuring the vertical, horizontal, and thickness using a caliper. The absolute dry mass (g) of the test piece was measured. And bulk specific gravity was calculated | required from the formula of [the absolute dry state mass (g) of a test piece] / [volume of a test piece (cm < ³ >)].
<Saturated water content>
After immersing the test piece whose bulk specific gravity is measured in water for 60 minutes, the test piece is taken out from the water with the surface facing up (to prevent water from flowing out of the test piece when tilted), and the surface of the test piece Wipe excess water adhering to the cloth with a cloth, immediately measure the mass (saturated mass), and [saturated moisture content from the formula of [(saturated mass−absolute dry mass) / (absolute dry mass)] × 100 Asked.
<Bending strength>
JIS R5201
<Sound absorption characteristics>
It conforms to the sound absorption performance test method by the “1995 Construction Technology Evaluation System”.

1 porous ceramic substrate,
2 Planted porous ceramic substrate,
3 plants (succulent plants),
4 Mounting bracket,
5 greenhouse
6a, 6b A face door for use on the surface formed by the convex portions and girders of the folded-plate roof,
7 Horizontal base material,
9 a, 9 b, 9 c, 9 d, 9 e, 9 f, 9 g, 9 h, 9 i, 9 j A recessed door for use on a surface formed by a recessed portion of a folded plate roof and a porous ceramic substrate,
11 Folded plate roof,
11a convex part,
11b recess,
13 prismatic frame,

Claims (5)

The porous ceramic substrate is laid directly on the uneven folded-plate roof or corrugated slate roof so as to span between the convex portions, or is laid on a horizontal base member attached at a predetermined interval. And
Wherein the porous ceramic base includes a large flat pore having a pore size of 1 mm to 30 mm, as well as organic fine pores of 10 nm to 1000 micrometers, larger flat pore size 1 mm to 30 mm approximately A continuous pore structure in which fine pores of about 10 nanometers to 1000 micrometers are surrounded around the pores,
A roof laying structure characterized in that a recessed door is attached to a surface of the folded plate roof or corrugated slate roof formed by a recessed portion and a porous ceramic substrate.   The porous ceramic substrate is obtained by firing a mixture of clay, diatomaceous earth and / or organic sludge, and slag, and the slag is cast iron slag, and a large flatness having a pore diameter of 1 to 30 mm due to the slag. In addition to the pores of a micrometer size inherent in diatomaceous earth and / or fine pores of a size of 10 nanometers to 1000 micrometers due to organic sludge, a large flat pore diameter of about 1 to 30 millimeters It is characterized by having a sponge-like continuous through-hole structure surrounding micropores of diatomaceous earth and / or fine pores caused by organic sludge of 10 nanometers to 1000 micrometers around pores caused by slag The roof laying structure according to claim 1   The porous ceramic substrate has a bulk specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.5 g / cm. ³ A plate-like object having a thickness of about 15 to 60 mm and a side length of about 100 to 1000 mm,
  The side surface portion of the porous ceramic substrate is laid in contact with the side surface portion of the adjacent porous ceramic substrate, and rain water and snow water are discharged from the cross section of the porous ceramic substrate on the outer periphery. The roof laying structure according to claim 2, wherein the roof is laid.   The roof laying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a succulent plant such as turf, moss or sedum is planted on the porous ceramic substrate.   The face door is at least one of whether the lower side is slid open, the lower part is easily opened with a hinge, a gap for storing rainwater or the like to a predetermined height is provided, or a gap for air to flow is provided. The roof laying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising one function.

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