JP6045398B2 - Multi-directional machining method and wire saw for multi-directional machining - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for machining a workpiece from multiple directions using a wire of a wire saw, and a wire saw for multidirectional machining.

  In a single wire type wire saw, a workpiece is cut by a single wire such as a yarn saw, and is usually processed and fed to a running wire by a wire saw processing feed device. The work feed direction of the workpiece is to support the pair of grooved rollers with respect to the wire in order to prevent the wire from meandering or from detaching the grooved roller, that is, the position of the wire circumscribing with respect to the pair of grooved rollers In the radial direction of each grooved roller or close to it.

  For this reason, when the workpiece feed direction deviates from the support direction of the pair of grooved rollers with respect to the wire, the operator feeds the workpiece while turning the workpiece around the wire as in the case of machining the workpiece with a thread saw. Must. Such processing feed makes it difficult to automate the processing.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 rotates a pair of grooved rollers together with a roller support arm around a wire when the machining direction of the workpiece is changed, thereby displacing the support direction of the pair of grooved rollers with respect to the wire. The work feed direction of the workpiece is matched with the support direction of the total rigidity for the wire.

  In the technique of Patent Document 1, in order to rotate the pair of grooved rollers, the component force of the processing force acting on the wire is detected, and the roller supporting arm is rotated around the wire. This control is detected from a phenomenon associated with a change in the workpiece feed direction of the workpiece, that is, a component force acting on the wire as a result of a change in the workpiece feed direction. For this reason, a delay is likely to occur in the rotation operation of the roller supporting arm, and the wire processing path is likely to be out of the target processing path.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a wire is always sandwiched between a pair of grooved rotating rollers, and the pair of grooved rotating rollers are rotated in accordance with a change in the cutting direction of the wire. According to the technique of Patent Document 2, since a pair of grooved swivel rotary rollers is always a resistive load during wire travel, a large amount of power is required for wire travel.

WO2008 / 001816 publication JP 2003-165047 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to enable the wire to be supported by the guide roller from the direction facing the machining feed direction without changing the direction of the pair of guide rollers for supporting the wire when changing the machining feed direction of the workpiece. Is to do.

  Based on the above-described problems, the present invention provides a plurality of guide rollers that can be moved forward and backward around a wire of a wire saw, and the machining feed direction according to a change in the machining feed direction of the workpiece during workpiece cutting processing. The guide roller at a position facing the wire is moved to a position circumscribing the wire, and the wire is supported by the moved guide roller from a direction facing the machining feed direction to receive the wire.

  If it describes in detail based on a claim, the multi-directional processing method which concerns on Claim 1 will carry out the workpiece | work on a XY table X with respect to the wire of the running state currently stretched between a pair of guide rollers. In a wire saw that feeds and feeds the workpiece in the direction and the Y direction, and cuts the workpiece with the wire, a plurality of guide rollers are arranged around the wire at respective positions sandwiching the workpiece so as to be movable forward and backward with respect to the wire. When cutting the workpiece, the guide roller in a direction opposite to the machining feed direction is moved to a position circumscribing the wire according to a change in the workpiece feeding direction of the workpiece, and the wire is moved by the moved guide roller. It supports from the direction which opposes the said process feed direction.

  In the multi-directional machining method according to claim 2, the adjacent guide roller is moved to a position circumscribing the wire in a position close to a direction facing the machining feed direction in accordance with a change in the machining feed direction of the workpiece. Yes.

  And the wire saw for multi-directional machining according to claim 3 causes the workpiece on the XY table to be processed and fed in the X direction and the Y direction with respect to the wire in the running state stretched between the pair of guide rollers, In a wire saw that cuts the workpiece with the wire, a plurality of guide rollers arranged around the wire at respective positions sandwiching the workpiece so as to be movable forward and backward with respect to the wire, and provided for each of the guide rollers, A plurality of actuators that move each guide roller from a standby position to a position that circumscribes the wire, and a machining feed direction of the workpiece are detected from data of machining feed amounts in the X direction and the Y direction, and the detected machining feed direction is detected. And a drive control device that drives the actuator at an opposing position, and when the workpiece is cut, the workpiece feed In response to a change in direction, the drive control device detects the machining feed direction of the workpiece from the machining feed amount data in the X direction and the Y direction, and drives the actuator in a direction opposite to the detected machining feed direction. Then, the guide roller in the direction facing the machining feed direction is moved to a position circumscribing the wire, and the wire is supported in the direction facing the machining feed direction by the moved guide roller. Yes.

  The wire saw for multi-directional machining according to claim 4 is a position in which the guide roller adjacent to the wire is circumscribed by the actuator at a position close to a direction facing the machining feed direction according to a change in the machining feed direction of the workpiece. Is moved to.

  In the wire saw for multi-directional machining according to a fifth aspect, among the plurality of guide rollers, the guide rollers adjacent around the wire are arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire.

  In the wire saw for multi-directional machining according to a sixth aspect, the guide roller is also used as the guide roller in the same supporting direction as the guide roller among the plurality of guide rollers.

  According to the multi-directional machining method according to claim 1, when the workpiece is cut, the guide roller in the direction opposite to the workpiece feeding direction moves to a position circumscribing the wire in accordance with a change in the workpiece feeding direction. Therefore, the wire is supported from the direction opposite to the machining feed direction. As a result, the travel of the wire is stable, and the guide rollers other than the support direction of the wire are separated from the wire. It does not become a load, and the traveling of the wire can be performed with low power accordingly.

  According to the multi-directional machining method according to claim 2, since the adjacent guide rollers circumscribe the wire at a position close to the direction facing the machining feed direction, the boundary area between the guide rollers adjacent to each other in the machining feed direction of the workpiece is determined. It can respond when you are oriented.

  According to the wire saw for multi-directional machining according to claim 3, when cutting the workpiece, the guide roller in a direction opposite to the workpiece feeding direction moves to a position circumscribing the wire in accordance with a change in the workpiece feeding direction. Therefore, the wire is supported from the direction opposite to the machining feed direction, the wire travel is stable, and the guide rollers other than the wire support direction are separated from the wire. In particular, a plurality of guide roller advancing and retreating actuators are selected and driven based on the machining feed amount data in the X and Y directions when machining the workpiece. It can respond promptly without delay from movement.

  According to the multi-directional machining wire saw according to claim 4, since the adjacent guide rollers are circumscribed by the actuator at a position close to the direction facing the machining feed direction, the work feed direction of the workpiece is between the adjacent guide rollers. Appropriate responses can be made even when facing the boundary area.

  According to the wire saw for multi-directional processing according to claim 5, if the adjacent guide rollers are arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire among the plurality of guide rollers, the adjacent guide rollers simultaneously circumscribe the wire. Therefore, when the workpiece feed direction is directed between the adjacent guide rollers, it is possible to effectively cope with the case where the adjacent guide rollers are simultaneously circumscribed by the wire.

  According to the wire saw for multi-directional machining according to the sixth aspect, when the guide roller also serves as the guide roller in the same supporting direction, the guide roller and the actuator at that position can be omitted. Can be

It is a block diagram of the wire saw for multi-directional processing which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is a side view of a wire, a workpiece, a pair of guide rollers, and a plurality of guide rollers in the multi-directional wire saw according to the present invention. It is a top view of the support part of a guide roller. It is a perspective view of a wire, a workpiece, a pair of guide rollers, and a plurality of guide rollers. It is explanatory drawing of the allocation range of a guide roller. It is explanatory drawing of the correspondence of the process feed direction of a workpiece | work, and a guide roller. It is explanatory drawing of the correspondence of the process feed direction of a workpiece | work, and a guide roller.

  1 to 7 show a specific configuration example of a wire saw 1 for multidirectional machining based on the multidirectional machining method according to the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the multidirectionally processed wire saw 1 is based on a single-type wire saw 2. The single-type wire saw 2 travels between a pair of guide rollers 3 and a single wire 4 that is stretched under a predetermined tension. The workpiece 6 is cut into an arbitrary shape by feeding and moving the workpiece 6 in the X and Y directions on the XYZ orthogonal coordinates. The pair of guide rollers 3 is a disk-like grooved roller or a cylindrical grooved roller, and is rotatably supported at a fixed position, and guides the wire 4 in the groove on the outer peripheral surface.

  The wire 4 is preferably a wire with a fixed abrasive, for example, a wire with diamond, and after being fed from the wire feeding device 7, it is wound in the Z direction between the pair of guide rollers 3, and the wire winding device 8 It is wound up. The illustrated wire 4 has an end shape, but may be configured as an endless shape. The wire feeding device 7 and the wire winding device 8 drive the wire 4 in a one-way continuous traveling state or a reciprocating traveling state in order to cut the workpiece 6 between the pair of guide rollers 3. It has a function of absorbing the slack of the wire 4 while controlling the tension to a value appropriate for the cutting process of the workpiece 6.

  The XY table 5 is, for example, a rectangular frame in order to allow the wire 4 to pass at the machining position, and the workpiece 6 to be machined on the XY plane of the frame is positioned by clamping means (not shown). They are fixedly moved and moved in the X and Y directions by the XY indexing unit 9, the Y direction feed drive motor 11 and the X direction feed drive motor 12, respectively, and positioned relative to the wire 4.

  Although not shown, the XY indexing unit 9 is composed of a combination of movement guide means in the X and Y directions and a feed screw unit in the X and Y directions, and each drive motor 11 and drive motor 12 is fed in each direction. The screw unit is rotated, and the XY table 5 is fed in the X direction and the Y direction for positioning. The drive motor 11 and the drive motor 12 are driven by the drive amplifiers 13 and 14 based on the machining feed amount data from the feed control device 10.

  The feed control device 10 incorporates a machining program for NC control, for example, for target cutting of the workpiece 6, and when the workpiece 6 is cut, the drive motors 11, 12 are based on the machining feed amount data. , The workpiece 6 on the XY table 5 is fed and moved in a predetermined direction, and the wire 4 is relatively moved along the target machining path 15 of the workpiece 6 illustrated in FIG. Move to. The machining program and the machining feed amount data of the machining path 15 can be input by an input device 16 with a display.

  And the wire saw 1 for multi-directional processing which concerns on this invention presupposes the said wire saw 2, and as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 as a characteristic structure, it is a some movable guide roller in order to support the wire 4 17, a plurality of actuators 18 that move each guide roller 17, and a drive control device 19 that drives each actuator 18.

  As shown in FIG. 4 in addition to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a plurality of, for example, four guide rollers 17, as shown in FIG. Are arranged so as to be movable forward and backward in the radial direction of the wire 4. The four guide rollers 17 are preferably disk-shaped grooved rollers or cylindrical grooved rollers, and surround the wire 4 so as to be radial in the radial direction of the wire 4, in other words, a vertical plane with respect to the wire 4, that is, an XY plane. Above, it arrange | positions radially for every position of 90 degrees of center angles centering on the wire 4, and is rotatably supported by the roller shaft 21 of the roller holder 20, respectively, as shown in FIG. If the guide roller 17 is a grooved roller, there is no lateral vibration of the wire 4 and stable running of the wire 4 is possible.

  Each roller holder 20 is provided so as to be movable forward and backward with respect to the wire 4 by an actuator 18 such as an electromagnetic plunger or an air cylinder, and is retracted to a standby position away from the wire 4. 18 is driven forward, circumscribes the wire 4, and receives the force in the machining feed direction of the workpiece 6.

  The number of guide rollers 17 is not limited to four, but may be three or more. For example, the number of guide rollers 17 may be eight, and the guide rollers 17 may be radially arranged around the wire 4 at a central angle of 45 degrees. Further, since the upper and lower guide rollers 3 can also function as the guide roller 17 in the same supporting direction, that is, the guide roller 17 in the same phase, the guide roller 17 and the actuator 18 at that position can be omitted as necessary. If the guide roller 17 and the actuator 18 at that position are omitted, the configuration can be simplified accordingly.

  The drive control device 19 receives the machining feed amount data in the X direction and the Y direction from the feed control device 10 and performs vector calculation from both machining feed amount data, thereby detecting the machining feed direction of the workpiece 6. Then, by selecting the actuator 18 at a position facing the range of the detected machining feed direction and driving the selected actuator 18, the wire 4 when cutting the workpiece 6 is moved in the machining feed direction by the guide roller 17. It supports from the opposing support direction, ie, the direction which receives the wire 4. FIG.

  According to the example shown in the figure, since four guide rollers 17 are provided, each guide roller 17 is responsible for a range A, B, C, and D with a central angle of 90 degrees as shown in FIG. Thus, the wire 4 is supported.

  For example, when the machining path 15 for the CFRP workpiece 6 is cut out like a rectangular window as in the example of FIG. 4, the machining start hole 22 is formed in the workpiece 6 in advance before machining. After the machining start hole 22 is machined, the workpiece 6 is attached and fixed on the XY table 5 in a positioning state by a clamping means (not shown).

  At the time of cutting, the operator inputs the machining feed amount data in the X direction and the Y direction for the machining program and the machining path 15 to the feed control device 10 by operating the input device 16 with a display, and then a pair of guide rollers. 3, the wire 4 is cut, one cut end of the wire 4 is passed through the machining start hole 22, and one cut end of the wire 4 passed through is connected to the other cut end of the wire 4 by welding or knotting. Then, the wire 4 is continuously run or reciprocated while a target tension is applied to the wire 4, and a processing start command is given to the feed control device 10.

  Here, the feed control device 10 controls the rotation amounts and rotation directions of the drive motors 11 and 12 based on the machining feed amount data with respect to the machining path 15, positions the XY indexing unit 9, and moves the data on the XY table 5. The workpiece 6 is moved along the machining path 15, and the wire 3 at a certain position is relatively moved along the target machining path 15 of the workpiece 6.

  On the other hand, the drive control device 19 receives the feed amount data in the X direction and the Y direction from the feed control device 10, performs vector calculation from both feed amount data, detects the machining feed direction of the workpiece 6, and detects it. By driving the actuator 18 at a position opposed to the machining feed direction, the guide roller 17 is advanced and circumscribed to the wire 4, and the guide roller 17 driven externally from the support direction opposed to the machining feed direction of the workpiece 6 is driven. The wire 4 is supported by the rotation. The support direction of the guide roller 17 with respect to the wire 4 coincides with the cutting direction of the wire 4 and faces the machining feed direction of the workpiece 6.

  In this way, the actuator 18 for advancing and retracting the plurality of guide rollers is selected and driven based on the machining feed amount data in the X and Y directions when the workpiece 6 is machined. Is carried out in parallel with the control of the machining feed movement of the workpiece 6, so that it can proceed without delay from the machining feed.

  According to the illustrated specific example, as shown in FIG. 5, the four guide rollers 17 each have a range A, a range B, a range C, and a range D with a central angle of 90 degrees, and support the wire 4 for each range. Accordingly, at the cutting position, the wire 4 is pushed back by the advanced guide roller 17 and cut in the cutting direction. At this time, since the guide roller 17 other than the support direction of the wire 4 is separated from the wire 4, the guide roller 17 does not rotate and does not become a traveling load of the wire 4.

  As illustrated in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 (1), the machining feed direction F faces the guide roller 17 in the range B in the machining section in the X direction from the machining start hole 22 to the machining path 15. Yes. For this reason, the drive control device 19 selects and drives the actuator 18 of the guide roller 17 in the range B, makes the guide roller 17 circumscribe the wire 4, and receives the pressing force in the processing feed direction F of the workpiece 6 at the time of cutting. . When the guide roller 17 in the range B is omitted, the guide roller 3 receives the pressing force in the processing feed direction F of the workpiece 6 during cutting in place of the guide roller 17 in the omitted range B. Become.

  Thereafter, as illustrated in (2) of FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, when the wire 4 relatively moves in the Y direction along the machining path 15, the drive control device 19 moves the wire from the direction of the machining path 15 of the workpiece 6. 4, the actuator 18 of the guide roller 17 in the range A corresponding to the determined machining feed direction F is selected and driven, the guide roller 17 is circumscribed to the wire 4, and the workpiece 6 at the time of cutting is The pressing force in the machining feed direction F is received.

  Similarly, for the remaining machining paths 15, the drive control device 19 sequentially circumscribes the guide rollers 17 in the ranges D, C, B, and A in accordance with the machining paths 15 to the wires 4, and at the time of cutting. The pressing force in the machining feed direction F of the workpiece 6 is received and cut out. In this way, the wire 4 relatively moves along the machining path 15 from the starting point of the machining path 15 of the workpiece 6, stops at the end point of the machining path 15, and cuts out the inner portion of the machining path 15.

  In this cutting process, even if the thickness of the workpiece 6 is partially changed, the cutting process is performed regardless of the thickness. The outline of the processing path 25 is not limited to a rectangle, and can be arbitrarily set such as a circle, an ellipse, or a cloud ruler. In the case of other than the cutting process, the machining start hole 22 is not necessary, and operations such as cutting and connecting the wire 4 are not required.

  Usually, since the wire 4 is set perpendicular to the workpiece 6, the cut portion (cut surface) of the cut portion is perpendicular to the front and back surfaces of the workpiece 6. However, if the wire 4 is set in an inclined state with respect to the workpiece 6, the cut portion (cut surface) of the cut portion becomes an inclined surface with respect to the front and back surfaces of the workpiece 6.

  Next, as illustrated in FIG. 6 (3), when the machining feed direction F of the workpiece 6 is oriented in the combined direction of the X direction and the Y direction, the drive control device 19 performs a vector calculation to calculate those directions. The resultant force is calculated, and the direction of the obtained resultant force is set as a machining feed direction F. A guide roller 17 in a range C corresponding to the machining feed direction F is brought into contact with the wire 4 to receive the pressing force of the workpiece 6 at the time of cutting.

  When the processing feed direction F of the workpiece 6 and the roller support direction do not completely coincide with each other as in the example of (3) in FIG. The guide resistance of the guide roller 17 makes it easier to meander and the vehicle may not run stably. Therefore, if the number of guide rollers 17 is increased as much as possible, it is advantageous in that the deviation between the processing feed direction F of the workpiece 6 and the roller support direction can be reduced.

  In addition, when a large number of guide rollers 17 are radially arranged on one vertical plane (XY plane) with respect to the wire 4, the adjacent guide rollers 17 are likely to interfere with each other when moving forward and backward. Such interference between the adjacent guide rollers 17 can be avoided by installing the guide rollers 17 in a dispersed state on a plurality of vertical planes with respect to the wire 4.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B, when the two guide rollers 17 adjacent to each other around the wire 4 in the range B and the range C are in different positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire 4, that is, in different plane positions, Even if two adjacent guide rollers 17 are simultaneously circumscribed to the wire 4 at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire 4, the two guide rollers 17 do not interfere with each other. In this way, when two adjacent guide rollers 17 are simultaneously circumscribed on the wire 4 at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire 4, the processing feed direction F of the workpiece 6 is determined by the two adjacent guide rollers 17. It can also be made to oppose correctly to the process feed direction F with the resultant force of a roller support direction.

  As shown in FIG. 7, even if the machining feed direction F is at the boundary position between the range B and the range C, the machining feed direction F can be handled by the two adjacent guide rollers 17. Therefore, the wire saw can be supported by the two adjacent guide rollers 17 even when the processing feed direction F of the workpiece 6 is directed between the adjacent guide rollers 17.

  The present invention has been developed for processing CFRP as the workpiece 5, but is not limited thereto, and can also be applied to processing of crystal bodies, metal plates, and other materials.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wire saw for multi-directional processing 2 Wire saw 3 Guide roller 4 Wire 5 XY table 6 Work 7 Wire feeding device 8 Wire winding device 9 XY indexing unit 10 Feed control device 11 Drive motor 12 Drive motor 13 Drive amplifier 14 Drive amplifier 15 Processing path 16 Input device with indicator 17 Guide roller 18 Actuator 19 Drive control device 20 Roller holder 21 Roller shaft 22 Processing start hole

Claims (6)

In a wire saw in which a workpiece on an XY table is processed and fed in the X direction and the Y direction with respect to a wire in a running state stretched between a pair of guide rollers, and the workpiece is cut by the wire.
A plurality of guide rollers are arranged around the wire at respective positions sandwiching the workpiece so as to be able to advance and retreat with respect to the wire, and the machining feed direction according to a change in the workpiece feed direction at the time of cutting the workpiece The multi-directional machining method is characterized in that the guide roller in a direction facing the wire is moved to a position circumscribing the wire, and the wire is supported from the direction opposed to the machining feed direction by the moved guide roller. .   2. The multiple guide rollers according to claim 1, wherein the adjacent guide rollers are moved to a position circumscribing the wire in a position close to a direction facing the machining feed direction according to a change in the machining feed direction of the workpiece. Direction processing method. In a wire saw in which a workpiece on an XY table is processed and fed in the X direction and the Y direction with respect to a wire in a running state stretched between a pair of guide rollers, and the workpiece is cut by the wire.
A plurality of guide rollers arranged around the wire at each position sandwiching the workpiece so as to be movable forward and backward with respect to the wire, and provided for each of the guide rollers, and the guide rollers are moved from the standby position to the wire. Drive control for detecting a machining feed direction of the workpiece from data of machining feed amounts in the X direction and the Y direction, and driving the actuator at a position facing the detected machining feed direction, with a plurality of actuators moved to circumscribed positions An apparatus, and when machining the workpiece, the machining control direction of the workpiece is determined from the machining feed amount data in the X direction and the Y direction by the drive control device according to a change in the machining feed direction of the workpiece. Detecting and driving the actuator at a position facing the detected machining feed direction, the direction in the direction facing the machining feed direction Idorora is moved until a position circumscribing said wire, wire saw multidirectional machining, characterized in that the support in the direction opposite the wire to the processing-feed direction by the guide roller after the movement. The guide roller adjacent to a position close to a direction facing the machining feed direction according to a change in the machining feed direction of the workpiece is moved to a position circumscribing the wire by the actuator. The wire saw for multi-directional processing described .   The wire saw for multidirectional processing according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, among the plurality of guide rollers, the guide rollers adjacent to each other around the wire are arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire. .   6. The multi-directional machining according to claim 3, wherein among the plurality of guide rollers, the guide roller at a position in the same supporting direction as the guide roller is also used as the guide roller. Wire saw.

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