JP6016446B2 - 海洋に適用するための温度調節可能な導管 - Google Patents
海洋に適用するための温度調節可能な導管 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6016446B2 JP6016446B2 JP2012105852A JP2012105852A JP6016446B2 JP 6016446 B2 JP6016446 B2 JP 6016446B2 JP 2012105852 A JP2012105852 A JP 2012105852A JP 2012105852 A JP2012105852 A JP 2012105852A JP 6016446 B2 JP6016446 B2 JP 6016446B2
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/24—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes wound from strips or bands
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/01—Risers
- E21B17/015—Non-vertical risers, e.g. articulated or catenary-type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
- F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
- F16L11/083—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire three or more layers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L53/35—Ohmic-resistance heating
- F16L53/38—Ohmic-resistance heating using elongate electric heating elements, e.g. wires or ribbons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
- H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
- H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/0318—Processes
- Y10T137/0391—Affecting flow by the addition of material or energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
− 内側ライニング
− 少なくとも1つの補強層並びに
− 場合による外側被覆
を有し、更に、2つの層の間に、巻き付けられたテープからなる他の層が存在し、前記テープは次の層
a) 導電性でないプラスチック成形材料からなる第1の外側層(1)、
b) 導電性プラスチック成形材料からなる第2の中間層(前記第2の中間層のIEC60093による体積抵抗は10-3〜1010Ωmの範囲内、有利に10-2〜108Ωmの範囲内、特に有利に10-1〜107Ωmの範囲内、殊に有利に100〜106Ωmの範囲内であり、この場合、前記中間層中に、前記テープに沿って少なくとも2つの金属導体(4)は、全長にわたり接触しないように埋め込まれている)及び
c) 電導性でないプラスチック成形材料からなる第2の外側層(3)
を有する、フレキシブル管により解決される。
(−Ar−X−)および(−Ar′−Y−)、
[式中、ArおよびAr′は、二価の芳香族基、有利に1,4−フェニレン、4,4′−ビフェニレンならびに1,4−、1,5−又は2,6−ナフチレンを表す]の単位を含む。Xは、電子求引性基、有利にカルボニル又はスルホニルであり、Yは、他の基、例えばO、S、CH2、イソプロピリデン等である。この場合、基Xの少なくとも50%、有利に少なくとも70%、特に有利に少なくとも80%は、カルボニル基であり、基Yの少なくとも50%、有利に少なくとも70%、特に有利に少なくとも80%は、酸素からなる。
(−C6H4−S−)の単位を含有し、
有利にこの少なくとも50質量%、少なくとも70質量%、少なくとも90質量%はこの単位からなる。この残りの単位は、ポリアリーレンエーテルケトンの場合に上記されているような単位、又は三官能性又は四官能性分岐単位であることができ、この分岐単位は、この合成の際に例えばトリクロロベンゼン又はテトラクロロベンゼンの併用から生じる。ポリフェニレンスルフィドは、様々な種類若しくは成形材料で市販されている。
Claims (5)
- 内側から外側に向かって以下の複数の層:
− 内側ライニング及び
− 少なくとも1つの補強層
を有し、更に、2つの層の間に、巻き付けられたテープからなる他の層が存在する、原油又は天然ガスを搬送するためのフレキシブル管において、前記テープは次の層:
a) 導電性でないプラスチック成形材料からなる第1の外側層(1)、
b) IEC60093による体積抵抗は、10-3〜1010Ωmの範囲内にある、導電性プラスチック成形材料からなる中間層(2)及び
c) 導電性でないプラスチック成形材料からなる第2の外側層(3)
を有し、前記中間層(2)中に、前記テープに沿って少なくとも2つの金属導体(4)が、全長にわたり接触しないように埋め込まれており、
b)による層の導電性プラスチック成形材料は、導電性カーボンブラック、黒鉛粉及び/又はグラファイトフィブリルを含有することを特徴とする、フレキシブル管。 - 前記テープは、0.2〜5mmの範囲内の厚さを有し、b)による層は0.1〜3mmの範囲内の厚さを有し、a)及びc)による2つの外側の層はそれぞれ0.05〜1.5mmの範囲内の厚さを有することを特徴とする、請求項1記載のフレキシブル管。
- 前記1つの補強層又は複数の補強層は、スパイラル状に配置された鋼製ワイヤ、鋼製異形材又は鋼製バンドからなることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載のフレキシブル管。
- 原油を搬送するための、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載のフレキシブル管の使用。
- 前記中間層に埋め込まれた金属導体を電源に接続して、前記導電性中間層を通して電流を流すことを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載のフレキシブル管の加熱方法。
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DE102011075383.4 | 2011-05-06 | ||
DE201110075383 DE102011075383A1 (de) | 2011-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Temperierbare Rohrleitung für Offshoreanwendungen |
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EP (1) | EP2520839B1 (ja) |
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DE102011075383A1 (de) | 2012-11-08 |
RU2598618C2 (ru) | 2016-09-27 |
ES2555272T3 (es) | 2015-12-30 |
JP2012233581A (ja) | 2012-11-29 |
BR102012010528B1 (pt) | 2020-11-24 |
US20120279577A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
EP2520839A3 (de) | 2014-01-01 |
AR086269A1 (es) | 2013-12-04 |
EP2520839A2 (de) | 2012-11-07 |
BR102012010528A2 (pt) | 2015-11-17 |
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