JP6011468B2 - Variable shape optical element - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shape variable optical element.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an actuator includes a pair of electrode layers and an ion conductive polymer film sandwiched between the pair of electrode layers, and a voltage is applied between the pair of electrode layers. There is a flexible polymer film that bends together with a pair of electrode layers (see Patent Document 1). In the actuator, a part thereof is fixed as a fixed portion, and a position away from the fixed portion acts as an action portion.

  Each of the pair of electrode layers is thicker toward the fixed part from the action part. For this reason, the rigidity of the pair of electrode layers increases as the distance from the action portion approaches the fixed portion. Therefore, the closer the actuator is to the fixed part, the smaller the amount of deformation of the actuator can be.

JP 2011-50195A

  In the actuator of Patent Document 1, the present inventors provide a light reflecting surface on the surface opposite to the ion conductive polymer film in one electrode layer of the pair of electrode layers. We studied the construction of a variable shape optical element capable of changing the shape of the light reflecting surface with bending.

  For example, in order to reduce the aberration generated in the reflected light of the variable shape optical element, it is necessary to deform the variable shape optical element to deform the light reflecting surface into a curved surface. That is, it is necessary to deform the pair of electrode layers into a curved shape.

  However, in the actuator of Patent Document 1, the rigidity of the pair of electrode layers increases as the action portion approaches the fixed portion. Therefore, although the deformation amount on the action part side of the light reflection surface increases, the deformation amount on the fixed part side of the light reflection surface decreases. Therefore, it is difficult to deform the light reflecting surface into a curved surface.

  In view of the above points, an object of the present invention is to provide a variable shape optical element that can deform a light reflecting surface into a curved surface.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to claim 1, the electrolyte membrane (30), the first electrode layer (31) formed along one surface of the electrolyte membrane, and the other surface of the electrolyte membrane. And a second electrode layer (32) formed along the first and second electrode layers, when a voltage is applied between the first and second electrode layers by the control circuit (40, 40A, 40B). The ions move in the electrolyte membrane by the electric field between the first and second electrode layers, so that the electrolyte membrane bends together with the first and second electrode layers, and the first and second electrodes A light reflecting surface (33) is disposed on the surface opposite to the electrolyte membrane in any one of the electrode layers, and at least one of the first and second electrode layers includes A gradient is formed in which the thickness dimension decreases from the end in the surface direction toward the center in the surface direction. And said that you are.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of the first and second electrode layers has a gradient in which the thickness dimension decreases from the end in the surface direction toward the center in the surface direction. Is formed. For this reason, the rigidity of one electrode layer becomes small as it goes to the center part of a surface direction from the edge part of a surface direction. Therefore, when the control circuit applies a voltage between the first and second electrode layers, the deformation amount of the electrolyte membrane can be increased from the end in the surface direction toward the center in the surface direction. Accordingly, the deformation amount of the light reflecting surface can be increased from the end in the surface direction toward the center in the surface direction. Therefore, the light reflecting surface can be deformed into a curved surface.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each means described in this column and the claim shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the head-up display 1 in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the optical mirror of FIG. It is a top view of the optical mirror of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of the optical mirror of FIG. It is a perspective view of the optical mirror for demonstrating the action | operation of the optical mirror of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the optical mirror in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the optical mirror in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the optical mirror in 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the optical mirror in 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the optical mirror in 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the optical mirror in 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the action | operation of the optical mirror in 6th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, parts that are the same or equivalent to each other are given the same reference numerals in the drawings in order to simplify the description.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a first embodiment of an automotive head-up display 1 to which the variable shape optical element of the present invention is applied.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the head-up display 1 includes a display device 10 and an optical mirror 20. The display device 10 outputs display light in a planar shape. The optical mirror 20 reflects the planar display light output from the display device 10 toward the front windshield 21. The optical mirror 20 is a variable shape optical element whose shape is changed to change the focal length and the reflection direction.

  Next, the structure of the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the optical mirror 20 includes an electrolyte membrane 30 and electrode layers 31 and 32.

  The electrolyte membrane 30 constitutes an ion conductive polymer actuator together with the electrode layers 31 and 32. The electrolyte membrane 30 is obtained by impregnating an ion conductive polymer membrane with an ionic liquid (electrolytic solution). The ion conductive polymer film is made of an ion conductive polymer compound, and is formed in a disk shape and a thin film shape.

  As the ion conductive polymer compound of the present embodiment, for example, a cation exchange resin such as Nafion (manufactured by DuPont), Flemion (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), Aciplex (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) or the like is used. The cation exchange resin is one in which the electrolyte membrane 30 is bent when the cation moves between the electrode layers 31 and 32 together with water molecules by the electric field between the electrode layers 31 and 32. .

  An anion exchange resin in which anions move between the electrode layers 31 and 32 may be used in place of the cation exchange resin.

  The electrode layer 31 is a first electrode that is formed in a thin film shape along the entire surface of one surface along one surface of the electrolyte membrane 30 in the thickness direction. The electrode layer 31 is made of a conductive metal material such as gold.

  The electrolyte membrane 30 side of the electrode layer 31 is formed in a planar shape. On the opposite side of the electrode layer 31 to the electrolyte membrane 30, a recess that is recessed toward the electrolyte membrane 30 is formed. Thus, the electrode layer 31 is formed with a gradient in which the thickness dimension gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side in the plane direction toward the central portion 31a in the plane direction. Specifically, the electrode layer 31 has the same thickness dimension over the circumferential direction centering on the center point in the surface direction. The surface on the opposite side of the electrolyte membrane 30 in the electrode layer 31 of the present embodiment constitutes a light reflecting surface 33 that reflects the planar display light output from the display device 10.

  FIG. 2 shows an example in which the thickness dimension of the electrode layer 31 changes stepwise, but in actuality, the thickness dimension of the electrode layer 31 changes smoothly.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the electrode layer 32 is a second electrode formed in a thin film shape on the entire other surface side along the other surface side in the thickness direction of the electrolyte membrane 30. The electrode layer 32 of the present embodiment has the same thickness dimension over the surface direction. The electrode layer 32 is made of a conductive metal material such as gold.

  In the present embodiment, the thickness dimension of the thinnest part of the electrode layer 31 having the smallest thickness dimension is about 0.2 μm. The thickness dimension of the thickest portion of the electrode layer 31 having the largest thickness dimension is about 10 μm. The thickness dimension of the electrode layer 32 is about 0.2 μm. The thickness dimension of the electrolyte membrane 30 (ion conductive polymer membrane) is about 200 μm.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the optical mirror 20 of this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

  First, in the first step (step 100), a cation exchange resin membrane made of a cation exchange resin is prepared.

  In the next second step (step 110), a plating layer made of a conductive metal material is formed on one side of the cation exchange resin film by plating. In addition, a vapor deposition film that covers the plating layer is formed by vapor deposition. The deposited film is made of the same metal material (for example, gold) as the conductive metal material used in the plating process.

  In the vapor deposition process, the amount of the conductive metal that covers the plating layer is increased from the center in the surface direction to the outer periphery in the surface direction of the cation exchange resin film. For example, by repeating vapor deposition using a metal mask while changing the opening location of the metal mask, a gradient in which the thickness dimension increases from the center in the surface direction to the outer periphery in the surface direction is formed in the deposited film. Along with this, a light reflecting surface 33 is formed as one surface of the vapor deposition film. As a result, an electrode layer 31 composed of a plating layer and a vapor deposition film is formed.

  In the next third step (step 120), an electrode layer 32 as a conductive metal film is formed by plating on the other side of the cation exchange resin film. At this time, the amount of the conductive metal covering the other surface side of the cation exchange resin film in the plating process is made the same over the entire other surface of the cation exchange resin film. Thereby, the electrode layer 32 is formed.

  Next, in the fourth step, the cation exchange resin membrane is impregnated with an ionic liquid (step S130). As a result, the electrolyte membrane 30 is formed. Thus, the manufacture of the optical mirror 20 is completed.

  Next, the electrical configuration of the head-up display 1 of the present embodiment will be described.

  The head-up display 1 includes a control circuit 40 as shown in FIG. The control circuit 40 includes output electrodes 40 a and 40 b for applying a voltage to the electrode layers 31 and 32 of the optical mirror 20. The output electrode 40 a and the side surface 31 b of the electrode layer 31 are connected by a wiring 41. The side surface 31 b is a surface formed in parallel with the thickness direction of the electrolyte membrane 30. The output electrode 40 b and the one surface 32 a of the electrode layer 32 are connected by a wiring 42. The one surface 32 a is a surface of the electrode layer 32 on the side opposite to the electrolyte membrane 30.

  Next, the operation of the head-up display 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the control circuit 40 is indicated by a battery symbol.

  First, the control circuit 40 applies a DC voltage between the electrode layers 31 and 32.

  For example, the control circuit 40 applies a DC voltage between the electrode layers 31 and 32 so that the electrode layer 31 is an anode electrode and the electrode layer 32 is a cathode electrode. Then, the cation moves in the electrolyte membrane 30 together with water molecules to the electrode layer 32 side along the electric field between the electrode layers 31 and 32.

  Here, the electrode layer 31 has a gradient in which the thickness dimension gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side in the plane direction toward the central portion 31a in the plane direction. For this reason, in the electrode layer 31, the rigidity becomes so small that it goes to the surface direction center part 31a side from the surface direction outer peripheral side. For this reason, it deform | transforms so that the surface direction center part may become convex in the electrode layer 32 side among the electrolyte membranes 30. FIG. Along with this, the electrode layers 31 and 32 are deformed along the electrolyte membrane 30. As a result, the light reflecting surface 33 is deformed into a curved shape whose center in the surface direction is recessed toward the electrolyte membrane 30 (see FIG. 5).

  For example, the control circuit 40 applies a DC voltage between the electrode layers 31 and 32 so that the electrode layer 31 is a cathode electrode and the electrode layer 32 is an anode electrode. Then, the cation moves in the electrolyte membrane 30 together with water molecules to the electrode layer 31 side along the electric field between the electrode layers 31 and 32.

  For this reason, in the electrode layer 31, the rigidity becomes so small that it goes to the surface direction center part 31a side from the surface direction outer peripheral side. For this reason, it deform | transforms so that the surface direction center part may become convex in the electrode layer 31 side among the electrolyte membranes 30. FIG. Along with this, the electrode layers 31 and 32 are deformed along the electrolyte membrane 30. As a result, the light reflecting surface 33 is deformed into a curved surface that is convex on the opposite side of the electrolyte membrane 30.

  According to this embodiment described above, the optical mirror 20 is formed along the electrolyte membrane 30, the electrode layer 31 formed along one surface of the electrolyte membrane 30, and the other surface of the electrolyte membrane 30. The electrode layer 32 is provided. When a voltage is applied between the electrode layers 31 and 32 by the control circuit 40, the cation moves together with water molecules in the electrolyte membrane 30 by the electric field between the electrode layers 31 and 32. As a result, the electrolyte membrane 30 is bent together with the electrode layers 31 and 32. A light reflecting surface 33 is formed on the electrode layer 31. The electrode layer 31 is formed with a gradient in which the thickness dimension decreases from the outer peripheral portion in the surface direction toward the central portion in the surface direction.

  Therefore, the rigidity of the electrode layer 31 becomes smaller from the outer peripheral side in the plane direction toward the center in the plane direction. Therefore, when the control circuit 40 applies a voltage between the electrode layers 31 and 32, the deformation amount of the electrolyte membrane 30 can be increased from the outer peripheral side in the surface direction toward the center in the surface direction. Accordingly, the deformation amount of the light reflecting surface 33 can be increased from the outer peripheral side in the surface direction toward the center in the surface direction. Therefore, the light reflecting surface 33 can be deformed into a curved surface.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the electrode layer 31 has a gradient in which the thickness dimension decreases from the outer peripheral portion in the surface direction toward the central portion in the surface direction. Therefore, when the ratio of the thickness of the thinnest portion of the electrode layer 31 having the smallest thickness to the thickness of the thickest portion of the electrode layer 31 having the largest thickness is increased, the radius of curvature is greatly changed and the focal length is changed. Can be lengthened.

  In the present embodiment, a light reflecting surface 33 is formed on one surface of the electrode layer 31. For this reason, compared with the case where a light reflection film is provided in addition to the electrode layer 31, the deformation amount of the light reflection surface can be increased. For this reason, the freedom degree of a deformation | transformation of a light reflection surface can be enlarged.

  In this embodiment, the side surface 31 b of the electrode layer 31 and the output electrode 40 a of the control circuit 40 are connected by the wiring 41. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the wiring for connecting the electrode layer 31 and the control circuit 40 from interfering with the light reflection by the light reflecting surface 33.

  In the first embodiment, the example in which one surface of the electrode layer 31 is the light reflecting surface 33 has been described, but instead, the one surface 32a of the electrode layer 32 may be the light reflecting surface.

  In the first embodiment, the example in which one surface of the electrode layer 31 is the light reflecting surface 33 has been described, but instead of this, a light reflecting film as a separate member may be provided in addition to the electrode layers 31 and 32.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the example in which the electrode layer 31 is provided with a gradient in the thickness dimension has been described. In addition, in the second embodiment, the electrode layer 32 is also provided with a gradient in the thickness dimension. Will be described.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the electrode layer 32 has a concave portion whose center in the surface direction is recessed toward the electrolyte membrane 30. As a result, the electrode layers 31 and 32 each have a slope in which the thickness dimension gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side in the plane direction toward the central portion in the plane direction.

(Third embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the example in which the voltage is applied between the electrode layers 31 and 32 by one control circuit 40 has been described. Instead, in the third embodiment, two control circuits 40A and 40B are used. An example in which a voltage is applied between the electrode layers 31 and 32 will be described.

  FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the electrical configuration of the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment. Control circuits 40A and 40B are used in the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment. The control circuit 40A and the side surface of the electrode layer 31 are connected by a wiring 41a. The control circuit 40B and the side surface of the electrode layer 31 are connected by a wiring 41b.

  Here, a part of the side surface of the electrode layer 31 to which the wiring 41a is connected is a part 42a, and a part of the side surface of the electrode layer 31 to which the wiring 41b is connected is a part 42b. The portions 42 a and 42 b are portions that are point-symmetric with respect to the center in the surface direction of the electrode layer 31.

  Therefore, the resistance distribution unevenness of the electrode layer 31 can be reduced as compared with the first embodiment. Accordingly, unevenness in the electric field distribution between the electrode layers 31 and 32 can be reduced. Thereby, the nonuniformity of movement of a cation can be relieved. For this reason, the electrolyte membrane 30 can be deformed into a smoother curved surface. Therefore, the light reflecting surface 33 can be deformed into a smoother curved surface.

  In the third embodiment, the example in which the voltage is applied between the electrode layers 31 and 32 using the two control circuits 40A and 40B has been described. However, instead of this, the electrode layer is formed using one control circuit 40. A voltage may be applied between 31 and 32.

  In this case, the first output terminal of the control circuit 40 and the side portion 42a of the electrode layer 31 are connected by the first wiring, and the first output terminal of the control circuit 40 and the side portion 42b of the electrode layer 31 are connected. Are connected by a second wiring. The first output terminal is an electrode corresponding to the output electrode 40a of the first embodiment.

  In the third embodiment, the example in which two parts for connecting the wirings are provided on the side surface of the electrode layer 31 is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and three or more parts for connecting the wirings are provided on the side surface of the electrode layer 31. May be. In this case, two portions of the plurality of portions to which the wiring is connected on the side surface of the electrode layer 31 are portions that are point-symmetric with respect to the center in the surface direction of the electrode layer 31. In this case, the plurality of portions are preferably arranged at the same interval in the circumferential direction centering on the center portion in the surface direction of the electrode layer 31.

(Fourth embodiment)
In the first to third embodiments, the example in which the wiring extending from the control circuit 40a is connected to the side surface of the electrode layer 31 has been described. Instead, in the fourth embodiment,
An example in which the wiring extending from the control circuit 40 is connected to the back surface 34 of the electrode layer 31 (that is, the surface opposite to the light reflecting surface 33) will be described.

  FIG. 8 is a top view of the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment. In the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment, wiring 50 is used to connect between the control circuit 40 and the back surface 34 of the electrode layer 31. The wiring 50 is formed so as to penetrate from the center 34 a in the surface direction of the back surface 34 of the electrode layer 31 to the opposite side of the light reflecting surface 33 through the electrolyte membrane 30 and the electrode layer 32.

  The wiring 50 includes an inner conductor 51 and a covering member 52 that covers the inner conductor 51. One end of the internal conductor 51 is connected to the center 34 a in the surface direction of the back surface 34 of the electrode layer 31. The other end of the internal conductor 51 is connected to the output terminal 40 a of the control circuit 40. The output terminal 40b of the control circuit 40 of the present embodiment is connected to the one surface 32a of the electrode layer 32 by wiring as in the first to third embodiments.

  According to this embodiment described above, in order to connect between the control circuit 40 and the back surface 34 of the electrode layer 31, the wiring 50 is connected to the electrolyte membrane 30 and the electrode from the center 34 a in the surface direction of the back surface 34 of the electrode layer 31. It is formed so as to penetrate through the layer 32 to the opposite side of the light reflecting surface 33. Therefore, it is possible to obstruct the light reflection of the light reflecting surface 33 by the wiring.

  In the present embodiment, the wiring 50 is connected to the central portion 34 a in the surface direction of the back surface 34 of the electrode layer 31. Therefore, similarly to the third embodiment, the uneven distribution of the resistance value of the electrode layer 31 can be reduced. Thereby, the unevenness of the electric field distribution between the electrode layers 31 and 32 can be reduced. For this reason, the light reflecting surface 33 can be deformed into a smooth curved surface.

(Fifth embodiment)
In the first to fourth embodiments, the example in which the light reflecting surface 33 is provided in the concave portion of the electrode layer 31 has been described. Instead, in the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The light reflecting surface 33 of the electrode layer 31 may be formed in a planar shape. In this case, the electrode layer 31 is formed with a recess that is recessed on the opposite side of the electrolyte membrane 30.

(Sixth embodiment)
In the first to fourth embodiments, the example in which the thickness dimension of the electrode layer 31 is the same thickness dimension in the circumferential direction centered on the center point in the plane direction has been described. In the sixth embodiment, the following is performed.

  FIG. 11 shows a top view of the optical mirror 20 of the sixth embodiment. In the electrode layer 31 of the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment, the thickness dimension decreases from the lateral end portion toward the lateral center portion, and the thickness dimension is the same in the longitudinal direction. Note that FIG. 11 shows an example in which the thickness dimension of the electrode layer 31 changes stepwise, but actually the thickness dimension of the electrode layer 31 changes smoothly.

  Here, the horizontal direction of the electrode layer 31 corresponds to the surface direction of the electrode layer 31. The vertical direction of the electrode layer 31 is a direction orthogonal to the surface direction of the electrode layer 31 and orthogonal to the thickness direction.

  Next, the operation of the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  For example, the control circuit 40 applies a DC voltage between the electrode layers 31 and 32 so that the electrode layer 31 is a cathode electrode and the electrode layer 32 is an anode electrode. Then, the cation moves in the electrolyte membrane 30 together with water molecules to the electrode layer 31 side along the electric field between the electrode layers 31 and 32.

  Here, in the electrode layer 31, the rigidity becomes so small that it goes to the horizontal direction center part 31a side from the horizontal direction edge part. For this reason, it deform | transforms so that the center part of the horizontal direction among the electrolyte membranes 30 may become convex on the electrode layer 31 side. Along with this, the electrode layers 31 and 32 are deformed along the electrolyte membrane 30. As a result, the light reflecting surface 33 is deformed into a curved shape in which the central portion in the lateral direction is convex on the opposite side of the electrolyte membrane 30 (see FIG. 12A).

  For example, the control circuit 40 applies a DC voltage between the electrode layers 31 and 32 so that the electrode layer 31 is an anode electrode and the electrode layer 32 is a cathode electrode. Then, the cation moves in the electrolyte membrane 30 together with water molecules to the electrode layer 32 side along the electric field between the electrode layers 31 and 32.

  Along with this, the electrolyte membrane 30 is deformed so that the central portion in the lateral direction is convex toward the electrode layer 32 side. Along with this, the electrode layers 31 and 32 are deformed along the electrolyte membrane 30. As a result, the light reflecting surface 33 is deformed into a curved shape whose center in the surface direction is recessed toward the electrolyte membrane 30 (see FIG. 12B).

  According to the present embodiment described above, in the electrode layer 31 of the optical mirror 20 of the present embodiment, the thickness dimension decreases from the lateral end portion toward the lateral central portion, and the thickness dimension is the same in the longitudinal direction. It has become. For this reason, when the control circuit 40 applies a DC voltage between the electrode layers 31 and 32, the electrolyte membrane 30 has a curved shape in which the central portion in the lateral direction is convex toward the electrode layer 32 or the electrode layer 31. Transforms into Accordingly, the light reflecting surface 33 can be deformed into a curved surface in which the central portion in the lateral direction is convex toward the electrode layer 32 or the electrode layer 31.

(Other embodiments)
In the above first to sixth embodiments, the example in which the optical mirror 20 according to the present invention is applied to the head-up display 1 has been described. The mirror 20 may be applied.

  In the first to sixth embodiments, the example in which planar light is reflected by the optical mirror 20 has been described, but instead, linear light may be reflected by the optical mirror 20.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, In the range described in the claim, it can change suitably. The first to fifth embodiments are not irrelevant to each other, and can be combined as appropriate unless the combination is clearly impossible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Head up display 10 Display apparatus 20 Optical mirror 30 Electrolyte film 31, 32 Electrode layer 33 Light reflection surface 40, 40A, 40B Control circuit 41a, 41b Wiring

Claims (10)

An electrolyte membrane (30), a first electrode layer (31) formed along one surface of the electrolyte membrane, and a second electrode layer (formed along the other surface of the electrolyte membrane) 32)
When a voltage is applied between the first and second electrode layers by a control circuit (40, 40A, 40B), ions are generated in the electrolyte membrane by the electric field between the first and second electrode layers. , The electrolyte membrane bends together with the first and second electrode layers,
A light reflecting surface (33) is disposed on the surface of either one of the first and second electrode layers opposite to the electrolyte membrane,
At least one of the first and second electrode layers is formed with a gradient in which the thickness dimension decreases from the end in the surface direction toward the center in the surface direction. Variable shape optical element.   Of the first and second electrode layers, the one electrode layer in which the gradient of the thickness dimension is formed has the same thickness dimension in the circumferential direction centering on the center point in the surface direction. The variable shape optical element according to claim 1.   Of the first and second electrode layers, the one electrode layer on which the gradient of the thickness dimension is formed has the same thickness dimension across the direction perpendicular to the surface direction and perpendicular to the thickness direction. The variable shape optical element according to claim 1, wherein:   Of the first and second electrode layers, the one electrode layer in which the gradient of the thickness dimension is formed has a recess indented on the electrolyte membrane side, so that the gradient of the thickness dimension is formed. The variable shape optical element according to claim 1, wherein the variable shape optical element is provided. In order to apply the voltage between the first and second electrode layers from the control circuit, the electrode layer (31) on the light reflecting surface side of the first and second electrode layers and the control circuit Wiring (41, 41a, 41b) for connecting between
5. The shape-variable optical element according to claim 1, wherein one end of the wiring is connected to a side surface (31 b) of the electrode layer on the light reflecting surface side. The one end includes a plurality of the wirings (41a, 41b) each connected to the side surface of the electrode layer on the light reflecting surface side,
Each of the plurality of wirings is connected to a plurality of different parts at one end of each of the electrode layers on the light reflecting surface side,
6. The shape-variable optical according to claim 5, wherein two of the plurality of portions are point-symmetric with respect to a central portion in the surface direction of the electrode layer on the light reflecting surface side. element. In order to apply a voltage between the control circuit and the first and second electrode layers, between the control circuit and the electrode layer on the light reflecting surface side of the first and second electrode layers. The wiring (50) to be connected is provided,
One end of the wiring is connected to the electrolyte membrane side of the electrode layer (31) on the light reflecting surface side, and the wiring is connected to the electrolyte film and the light reflecting from the electrode layer side on the light reflecting surface side. The electrode layer (32) on the opposite side of the surface passes through the opposite side of the light reflecting surface, and the other end of the wiring is connected to the control circuit,
The electrode layer on the opposite side of the light reflecting surface is an electrode layer located on the opposite side of the light reflecting surface with respect to the electrolyte membrane among the first and second electrode layers. 5. The variable shape optical element according to any one of 1 to 4.   The variable shape optical element according to claim 7, wherein the one end of the wiring is connected to a central portion in the surface direction of the electrode layer on the light reflecting surface side.   The variable shape according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a gradient of the thickness dimension is formed in one of the first and second electrode layers. Optical element.   9. The variable shape optical element according to claim 1, wherein a gradient of the thickness dimension is formed on each of the first and second electrode layers.

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