JP5988770B2 - Opening structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an opening structure of a building using a lighting surface material that is provided at an opening of a lighting window or the like of a building and improves the feeling of indoor brightness.

In general, a diffuser plate such as ground glass or a translucent plate such as transparent glass is used as a face material for daylighting of windows.
As a daylighting surface material devised so as to guide sunlight into the interior of the room, a window plate in which an outdoor surface is covered with a prism sheet has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, in a dome-type daylighting apparatus, a technique has been proposed in which a milky white dome cover is attached to a daylighting opening and a prism-processed light distribution plate is provided at an emission opening (Patent Document 2).
In addition, there exists a window glass which provided the polarizing film as a technique which improves light-shielding property (for example, patent document 3).

JP 11-280350 A JP-A-11-281913 JP 2008-165201 A JP 2010-001628 A JP 2010-259406 A

  In a building built in a narrow area, even if you try to take outdoor light indoors through the windows on the wall, you can not take sunlight indoors unless the sun is at a high position. Moreover, even if it is taken in from a high position, the walls and ceiling, which are important for the brightness of the room, are dark because the outdoor light does not reach and the room is dark. In frosted glass, natural light diffuses and enters the room, but most is facing downward.

In the case where the prism processing part is provided on the emission side described above, it is possible to guide sunlight into the interior of the room, but a rainbow-like light pattern may be reflected in the room, resulting in a sense of incongruity as natural light. . Further, the prism processed surface is easily contaminated due to the unevenness. Although it was considered to use a refractive film that refracts light instead of the prism processing portion, a discomfort may occur as natural light due to a light pattern such as a rainbow in the room, as in the case where the prism processing portion is provided. In addition, the refractive effect of a refractive film is reduced due to scratches, dirt, modification by ultraviolet rays, and the like.

The object of the present invention is to allow outdoor light to be fully taken into the interior without a sense of incongruity, to improve the feeling of indoor brightness, and for daylighting functions due to dirt and modification during long-term use It is providing the opening part structure of the building using the lighting surface material which does not produce the fall of easily.

This adopted optical surface material, a lighting surface material of the multi-layer incorporating outdoor light provided in the opening portion of the building closing the opening indoors,
A non-diffusible translucent plate provided on the outdoor side, a diffuser plate provided on the indoor side for diffusing transmitted light, and a surface interposed between the translucent plate and the diffusing plate for refracting and transmitting incident light Is provided with a flat refractive material layer, and an air layer is interposed between the refractive material layer and the diffusion plate.
The opening of the building is an outer wall, various walls such as a partition wall and a balcony waist wall, a window opening provided on a roof surface and the like, an entrance / exit, and the like. The refractive material layer is a refractive film, a refractive material coating layer, or the like.

According to this configuration, for example, when the light from the sun at a high position is taken indoors through an opening such as a window on the outer wall of the building, the incident light transmitted downward through the light-transmitting plate of the lighting surface material is The light is refracted upward by the refractive material layer, and the upward light passes through the diffusion plate of the daylighting surface material to become diffused light. As a result, light from the outside can be taken into the interior, walls and ceilings that are important in obtaining a sense of brightness become brighter, and a sense of brightness in the room is improved. For this reason, even in an environment where daylighting is not normally desired in a narrow area or the like, the light from the opening can be delivered to the interior of the room, and the brightness of the room can be improved. As a result of manufacturing and testing the embodiment products using a commercially available refractive film of a resin material, this effect was confirmed. The direction in which light is refracted by the refractive material layer is not limited to the upward direction, and may be in the left-right direction. In some cases, light can be taken indoors. For example, in the case of a single door or the like, it may be preferable that the refraction direction is the left-right direction. Moreover, the heat insulation effect of an opening part can be improved by interposing the said air layer.

In addition, since the light transmitted through the refractive material layer is diffused by the diffusion plate, unlike the case where the refractive material layer is provided on the exit surface, the prism phenomenon like a rainbow generated in the transmitted light by transmitting through the refractive material layer is caused. It can be relaxed with a diffusing plate and light can be delivered indoors. Since the refractive material layer is interposed between the translucent plate and the diffusing plate, unlike the case where it is exposed, scratches and dirt are less likely to occur, and the effect of refraction is prevented from deteriorating due to modification by ultraviolet rays, etc. Refractive performance is maintained.

In this lighting surface material, double the refraction material layer is a refraction film, which paste this refractive film on the back surface of the transparent plate, is interposed an air layer between the refractive film and the diffusion plate It may be a daylighting material such as layer glass. When the refractive film is used, the productivity of the daylighting surface material is superior to the case where the refractive material layer is provided by coating or the like. Moreover, the heat insulation effect of an opening part can be improved by interposing the said air layer.

In adopting the optical surface material of this, the a refractive material layer birefringent film, the birefringent film may be a lighting surface material such as glass combined sandwiched between the transparent plate and the diffusion plate. In the case of this configuration, manufacturing is easy.

Said opening providing this lighting surface material is an opening in the wall of a building, the refractive material layer or birefringent film refracts upward incident light from the weather side is transmitted through the downward the transparent plate refraction It may have a property. In the case of the opening provided in the wall surface, it is generally preferable to have a refractive property that refracts upward in order to improve the sense of brightness in the room.

Opening the structure of buildings this is one having an optical surface material adopted in the opening of the building. According to this opening structure, as described above per this adoption light plane material, even in an environment in the normal can not be expected of lighting in narrow areas such as, without discomfort deliver light from the opening to the chamber back, indoor brightness A feeling can be improved. Further, even during long-term use, the daylighting function is unlikely to deteriorate due to dirt or modification of the daylighting surface material.

The lighting surface material on a part of the opening is set in said buildings vignetting, nondiffusible transparent plate to rest within the opening may be eclipsed set.
In the case of this configuration, since the daylighting surface material of the present invention is provided in a part of the opening, the incident light can be refracted upward, for example, to enter the room, and is conventionally opaque for the purpose of blindfolding. In addition to having the same function as when using glass or the like as a lighting surface material, it can also have a function of taking natural light deep into the room. From the translucent plate provided in the remaining part of the opening, light from outside travels straight and enters the room. Thereby, the indoor space can be sufficiently brightened, and a more comfortable indoor environment can be created.

When the lighting surface material is eclipsed set to a portion in said open mouth, dividing the opening into upper and lower, the lighting surface material in the lower portion of the opening is set vignetting, the upper portion of the opening non-diffusion of the transparent plate may have been kicked set in.
In the case of this configuration, the light incident on the daylighting surface member provided in the lower part of the opening is refracted upward to become diffused light, and illuminates the indoor walls and ceiling. On the other hand, the light incident downward on the translucent plate provided in the upper part of the opening travels straight and illuminates the floor surface in the room. Therefore, not only indoor walls and ceilings but also the floor surface can be illuminated, the indoor space can be brightened, and the feeling of brightness is further improved .
The building opening structure of the present invention is a building opening structure in which a lighting surface material is provided in the building opening,
The opening is divided into upper and lower parts, the daylighting surface material is provided in the lower part of the opening, and a non-diffusible translucent plate is provided in the upper part of the opening,
The daylighting material is a multi-layered daylighting material that closes the opening and takes outdoor light indoors, and a non-diffusible translucent plate provided on the outdoor side, and transmitted light provided on the indoor side. A diffusing plate for diffusing light, and a refractive material layer interposed between the light transmitting plate and the diffusing plate to refract incident light and transmit it.

Opening structure of building this is lighting surface material of the upper Symbol either configuration provided with a plurality of openings of a building, the refractive index of the refractive material layer of the daylight surface material according to the position of the opening They may be different from each other.
In this configuration, the refraction angle of the incident light from the opening is made different depending on the position of the opening. Therefore, the incident light from each opening is used as the indoor floor according to the sunshine condition at the position of each opening. The surface, wall, and ceiling can be properly illuminated up to the interior.

This adopted optical surface material, the outdoor light is provided in an opening of a building closing the opening to a lighting surface material of the multi-layer incorporating indoors, non-diffusible translucent provided on weather side A plate, a diffusion plate provided on the indoor side for diffusing transmitted light, and a refractive material layer having a flat surface that refracts and transmits incident light interposed between the light transmission plate and the diffusion plate, Since an air layer is interposed between the refractive material layer and the diffuser plate, outdoor light can be fully taken into the interior without a sense of incongruity, and the brightness of the room can be improved. Even during long-term use, the lighting function is less likely to deteriorate due to dirt or modification, and the durability is excellent.
The opening structure of a building according to the present invention is a building opening structure in which a lighting surface material is provided in the opening of the building, the opening is divided into upper and lower parts, and the lighting surface is formed in a lower portion of the opening. A non-diffusible translucent plate is provided on the upper portion of the opening, and the lighting surface material is a multi-layer lighting surface material that closes the opening and takes outdoor light indoors. A non-diffusible translucent plate provided on the outdoor side, a diffuser plate provided on the indoor side for diffusing transmitted light, and interposed between the translucent plate and the diffuser plate to refract incident light and transmit it. A refractive material layer. For this reason, the outdoor light without discomfort to the back of the indoors can be incorporated sufficiently, Ki is possible to improve the brightness sensation in the room, also during long-term use dirt and modification with the lighting function Decline is unlikely to occur.

It is sectional drawing which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of opening part of the building using the lighting surface material concerning one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a daylighting state of an example of a room provided with the same daylighting material at the opening, and (B) is daylighting when a conventional daylighting material is provided at the opening of the room of (A). The horizontal sectional view which shows a state, (C) is a horizontal sectional view which shows the lighting condition of the room of (A). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting state of the other example of the room which provided the same lighting surface material in the opening part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting condition of the further another example of the room which provided the same lighting surface material in the opening part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting condition of the further another example of the room which provided the same lighting surface material in the opening part. It is a horizontal sectional view showing an example in which the same daylighting surface material is provided in a plurality of openings. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting surface material concerning other embodiment of this invention, (B) is a disassembled perspective view of the lighting surface material. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting surface material concerning further another embodiment of this invention, (B) is an exploded perspective view of the lighting surface material.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an opening of a building using the daylighting material. The daylighting surface material 1 is a surface material that is provided in an opening 11 of a building and closes the opening 11 to take in outdoor light indoors. In this example, the daylighting face material 1 is mounted in a window door frame 7 to form a window door 6, and the window door 6 is provided in the opening frame 11 a of the opening 11. The opening 11 in the figure is a window opening provided on the outer wall surface of the building. The window door 6 may be a hinged door, a sliding door, or another opening / closing type door. The building provided with the opening 11 may be any of a detached house, an apartment house, an office building, etc., and may be a building having any construction method.

The daylighting surface material 1 includes a non-diffusible light transmitting plate 2 provided on the outdoor side, a diffusion plate 3 provided on the indoor side for diffusing transmitted light, and between the light transmitting plate 2 and the diffusion plate 3. It is provided with a refractive film 4 that is a refractive material layer that intervenes to refract and transmit incident light, and is a daylighting surface material having a multilayer structure such as multilayer glass. The translucent plate 2 is made of, for example, a single plate of transparent glass, but may be made of a plate material such as a transparent synthetic resin such as a transparent acrylic resin other than the transparent glass. As the diffusion plate 3, a single plate of ground glass is used, but in addition to this, a single plate of transparent glass having a light diffusive diffusion film attached thereto, or a transmitted light diffusing light synthetic resin plate is used. It may be used. The refractive film 4 is not limited to a film, and may be a layer in which a refractive material is coated on the translucent plate 2 or the like. For the refractive film 4, specifically, a refractive film whose main material is a commercially available synthetic resin such as acrylic resin can be used.

Here, the refractive film 4 is attached to one side facing the indoor side of the translucent plate 2 provided on the outdoor side, and has a refractive property that refracts incident light transmitted downward through the translucent plate 2 upward. In addition, an air layer 5 is provided between the refractive film 4 and the diffuser plate 3 provided on the indoor side to constitute a pair glass with an air layer. As the material of the refraction film 4 and the refraction material layer, a synthetic resin material having a high light transmittance and a high refractive index is used.

According to the opening structure provided with the window door 6 using the lighting surface material 1 having the above-described configuration, when the light from the sun S located at a high position as shown in FIG. The incident light L1 transmitted downward through one translucent plate 2 is refracted by the refraction film 4 into upward light L2, and the upward light L2 passes through the diffusion plate 3 of the lighting surface material 1. It becomes diffused light L3.
Since the incident light L1 is refracted by the refractive film 4 in this way, light from the outside can be taken into the interior, and the walls and ceiling that are important in terms of brightness become brighter. Brightness can be improved. Further, since the light transmitted through the refractive film 4 is diffused by the diffusion plate 3, the rainbow-like light pattern prism phenomenon generated in the transmitted light by transmitting through the refractive film 4 can be relaxed by the diffusion plate 3. The light can be delivered indoors. In addition, natural light enters the eyes of the resident, so that the circadian rhythm can be adjusted, contributing to health.
In the case of a conventional example in which the daylighting surface material of the window door 6 is composed only of the translucent plate 2, for example, the incident light L1 transmitted downward through the translucent plate 2 is taken in as indoors as downward light L4. , The light will not reach the interior of the room and will darken the room. Such a problem is solved by the lighting surface material 1.
In addition, since the refractive film 4 is interposed between the translucent plate 2 and the diffusing plate 3, unlike the case where it is exposed to the outdoor surface or the indoor surface, scratches and dirt are less likely to occur, and the effect of refraction due to modification by ultraviolet rays or the like. Is prevented, and the refractive performance is maintained over a long period of time.

  FIG. 2 shows a daylighting effect of an example of the opening structure of the building 10 using the daylighting surface material 1 for the opening 11 in an example of a general LDK plan room. 2A shows a longitudinal sectional view of the building 10, and FIG. 2C shows a horizontal sectional view thereof. FIG. 2B shows a horizontal cross-sectional view in the case where a conventional daylighting surface material composed only of the above-described translucent plate 2 is used for the opening 11 in the same building 10. The part which attached | subjected the hatching of the broken line in each figure shows the range which the light which injected from the outdoors does not reach.

As shown also in FIG. 1, in the opening part structure which closes the opening part 11 located in the wall surface of the building 10 with the window door 6 using the said lighting surface material 1, as shown in FIG. The light L1 incident downward from the sun S to the daylighting surface material 1 of the opening 11 is refracted upward and reaches the interior of the room as diffused light L3. As in 2 (C), the entire room can be sufficiently brightened to improve the feeling of brightness. In the example shown in the figure, a living / dining part LD is provided adjacent to the opening 11 and a kitchen K is provided on the back side. However, the kitchen K is brightened so that the user can work comfortably. .
On the other hand, in the case where the opening 11 is closed with a conventional window made of, for example, the above-described translucent plate 2 alone, the light L1 that has entered the opening 11 downward travels straight. Therefore, the light L4 that has traveled straight as shown in FIG. 2B does not reach the interior kitchen K, and the entire room becomes dark.

As shown each example in FIGS. 2 to 4, the refractive angle of the refracted light to be applied by the position and shape of the opening 11 is different, the refraction film 4 of the refraction angle of a suitable use.
FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of another example of the opening structure of the building 10 in which the daylighting face material 1 is used for the opening 11. In this opening structure, the position of the opening 11 is lower than in the case of FIG. Therefore, when the aperture 11 is closed with a conventional window made of only the above-described translucent plate 2 for example, the light L1 incident downward from the sun S at a high position to the aperture 11 Goes straight, and the light L4 transmitted through the daylighting material only irradiates a part of the floor surface in the room, and the entire room becomes darker than in the case of FIG. 2 where the opening 11 is at a high position. End up.

Therefore, in the opening structure of the embodiment of FIG. 3, the opening 11 is closed by the window door 6 using the daylighting surface material 1, and the refraction angle of the refractive film 4 constituting the daylighting surface material 1 is shown in FIG. It is bigger than the case. That is, the angle at which the incident light L1 is refracted upward by the refractive film 4 is made larger than in the example of FIG. For this reason, the light L1 that has entered the opening 11 downward is refracted upward by a sufficient angle by the lighting surface material 1 and reaches the interior of the room as diffused light L3, so that the walls and ceiling become bright. The whole room can be bright enough.

FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of still another example of the opening structure of the building 10 in which the daylighting surface material 1 is used for the opening 11. This opening part structure is the structure which closes the opening part 11 opened to the wall surface of the building 10 with the window doors 6 and 16 divided up and down, Comprising: The window doors 6 and 16 are made into a raising / lowering door, for example. In this example, a window door 6 using the daylighting surface material 1 is provided in the lower part of the opening 11, and the conventional window door using the non-diffusible translucent plate 2 in the upper part of the opening 11. 16 is provided.
In this opening structure, light L1 incident downward on the window door 6 provided in the lower part of the opening 11 is refracted upward to become diffused light L3, which illuminates the indoor wall or ceiling. On the other hand, the light L1 incident downward on the window 16 provided in the upper part of the opening 11 goes straight as it is to illuminate the floor surface in the room. Therefore, not only indoor walls and ceilings but also the floor surface can be illuminated, and the indoor space becomes brighter and the feeling of brightness can be improved.

FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of still another example of the opening structure of the building 10 using the daylighting face material 1 as the opening 11. Also in this opening structure, the window door 6 using the said lighting surface material 1 is provided in a part of the opening part 11 opened to the wall surface of the building 10, and the non-diffusible light-transmitting light is provided in the remaining part of the opening part 11. A conventional window 16 using the plate 2 is provided. In particular, in this example, the opening 11 is divided into an upper part, an intermediate part, and a lower part, and a window door 6 using the lighting surface material 1 is provided in the intermediate part, and the upper part and the lower part are provided. Conventional window doors 16 using the non-diffusible translucent plate 2 are provided.
In the opening structure, since the window door 6 using the daylighting surface material 1 is used in the intermediate portion of the opening portion 11 in the height direction, the incident light L1 from the outdoors is directed upward in the intermediate portion of the opening portion 11. It will be refracted and enter the room, and it will not only have the same function as a window using opaque glass as a lighting surface material for the purpose of blindfolding, but also will have the function of taking natural light deep into the room. Become. From the window 16 provided in the upper part and the lower part of the opening part 11, the light L1 from the outdoors travels straight and enters the room. As a result, the indoor space can be sufficiently brightened and a comfortable indoor environment can be created.

FIG. 6 shows another example of the opening structure. In the example of the figure, there are a plurality of openings 11 in the building, and each of the openings 11 is closed by the window door 6 using the daylighting surface material 1, but depending on the position of the openings 11, The refractive index of the refractive film 4 in each daylighting surface material 1 is different from each other.
In the case of this configuration, since the refraction angle of the incident light from the opening 11 is made different according to the position of the opening 11, from any opening 11 depending on the lighting conditions such as sunlight of each opening 11. Can also reach the interior of the room. In addition, it is possible to illuminate the floor, walls, and ceiling of the room evenly with no excess or deficiency.

7A and 7B show other embodiments of the daylighting surface material of the present invention. This lighting surface material 1A is a laminated glass in which a refractive film 4 is sandwiched between a non-diffusible translucent plate 2 provided on the outdoor side and a diffusing plate 3 provided on the indoor side. The refractive film 4 is configured by laminating three film layers 4a.
In this daylighting surface material 1A, the refractive film 4 is sandwiched between the translucent plate 2 and the diffusion plate 3 without a gap, so that the refractive film 4 is not only an outdoor surface or an indoor surface, but also an air layer inside the daylighting surface material. The effect of preventing dirt and preventing denaturation can be obtained even better without touching. Other effects are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.

8A and 8B show still another embodiment of the present invention. This daylighting surface material 1B has the refractive film 4 of a single layer structure in the daylighting surface material 1A of FIG. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG. In addition, it is good also as a pair glass by combining the lighting surface material 1 of the laminated glass format of the figure, and another translucent board (not shown) through an air layer.
Also in the daylighting surface material 1A in the examples of FIGS. 7 and 8, the light transmitting plate 2 and the diffusion plate 3 may be made of synthetic resin.

  In addition, although it demonstrated about the case where it uses for the use which takes in natural light in the said embodiment, if it shows as a reference proposal example, the lighting surface material 1, 1A and opening part structure of each said embodiment will also be in the location which takes in illumination light. Can be used. Moreover, it is applicable not only to the location which takes in the light from the said daylighting surface materials 1 and 1A and an opening part structure indoors indoors, but also to the opening part in an indoor partition wall.

1, 1A, 1B ... Daylighting surface material 2 ... Translucent plate 3 ... Diffusion plate 4 ... Refraction film 11 ... Opening

Claims (1)

A building opening structure in which a lighting surface material is provided in the opening of the building,
The opening is divided into upper and lower parts, the daylighting surface material is provided in the lower part of the opening, and a non-diffusible translucent plate is provided in the upper part of the opening,
The daylighting material is a multi-layered daylighting material that closes the opening and takes outdoor light indoors, and a non-diffusible translucent plate provided on the outdoor side, and transmitted light provided on the indoor side. An opening structure of a building comprising a diffusion plate that diffuses light and a refractive material layer that is interposed between the light transmission plate and the diffusion plate to refract incident light and transmit the light.

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