JP5988770B2 - Opening structure - Google Patents

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JP5988770B2
JP5988770B2 JP2012186522A JP2012186522A JP5988770B2 JP 5988770 B2 JP5988770 B2 JP 5988770B2 JP 2012186522 A JP2012186522 A JP 2012186522A JP 2012186522 A JP2012186522 A JP 2012186522A JP 5988770 B2 JP5988770 B2 JP 5988770B2
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opening
light
surface material
daylighting
plate
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JP2014044305A (en
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映子 福田
映子 福田
玄 晴夫
晴夫 玄
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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Description

この発明は、建物の採光窓等の開口部に設けられて室内の明るさ感を向上させる採光面材を用いた建物の開口部構造に関する。 The present invention relates to an opening structure of a building using a lighting surface material that is provided at an opening of a lighting window or the like of a building and improves the feeling of indoor brightness.

窓の採光用の面材には、一般的には、すりガラス等の拡散板、または透明ガラス等の透光板が用いられている。
太陽光を室内の奥まで導くように工夫した採光面材としては、屋外面にプリズムシートを被覆した窓板が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1)。また、ドーム型の採光装置において、採光口に乳白色のドームカバーを取付け、出射口にプリズム加工された配光板を設けた技術が提案されている(特許文献2)。
なお、遮光性を高める技術としては、偏光フィルムを設けた窓ガラスがある(例えば、特許文献3)。
In general, a diffuser plate such as ground glass or a translucent plate such as transparent glass is used as a face material for daylighting of windows.
As a daylighting surface material devised so as to guide sunlight into the interior of the room, a window plate in which an outdoor surface is covered with a prism sheet has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, in a dome-type daylighting apparatus, a technique has been proposed in which a milky white dome cover is attached to a daylighting opening and a prism-processed light distribution plate is provided at an emission opening (Patent Document 2).
In addition, there exists a window glass which provided the polarizing film as a technique which improves light-shielding property (for example, patent document 3).

特開平11−280350号公報JP 11-280350 A 特開平11−281913号公報JP-A-11-281913 特開2008−165201号公報JP 2008-165201 A 特開2010−001628号公報JP 2010-001628 A 特開2010−259406号公報JP 2010-259406 A

狭小地に建てられた建物では、壁面の窓から屋外の光を屋内に取入れようとしても、太陽が高い位置に来ないと太陽光を屋内に取入れられない。また、高い位置から取入れたとしても、室内の明るさ感に重要な壁や天井部が、屋外の光が届かず暗いため、室内が暗く感じられる。すりガラスでは、自然光が拡散して室内に入射するものの、大部分は下向きになっている。   In a building built in a narrow area, even if you try to take outdoor light indoors through the windows on the wall, you can not take sunlight indoors unless the sun is at a high position. Moreover, even if it is taken in from a high position, the walls and ceiling, which are important for the brightness of the room, are dark because the outdoor light does not reach and the room is dark. In frosted glass, natural light diffuses and enters the room, but most is facing downward.

上記の出射側面にプリズム加工部を設けたものでは、太陽光を室内の奥まで導くことが可能ではあるが、室内に虹のような光模様が映る場合があり、自然光として違和感が生じてしまう。また、プリズム加工面は、その凹凸のために汚れが生じ易い。プリズム加工部の代わりに、光を屈折させる屈折フィルムを用いることを考えたが、プリズム加工部を設けた場合と同様に、室内に虹のような光模様により自然光として違和感が生じることがある。また、屈折フィルムは、傷や汚れ、紫外線による変性等により、その屈折の効果が減ってしまう。 In the case where the prism processing part is provided on the emission side described above, it is possible to guide sunlight into the interior of the room, but a rainbow-like light pattern may be reflected in the room, resulting in a sense of incongruity as natural light. . Further, the prism processed surface is easily contaminated due to the unevenness. Although it was considered to use a refractive film that refracts light instead of the prism processing portion, a discomfort may occur as natural light due to a light pattern such as a rainbow in the room, as in the case where the prism processing portion is provided. In addition, the refractive effect of a refractive film is reduced due to scratches, dirt, modification by ultraviolet rays, and the like.

この発明の目的は、屋外の光を違和感なく屋内の奥まで十分に取入れることができて、室内の明るさ感を向上させることができ、また長期使用の間にも汚れや変性による採光機能の低下が生じ難い採光面材を用いた建物の開口部構造を提供することである。 The object of the present invention is to allow outdoor light to be fully taken into the interior without a sense of incongruity, to improve the feeling of indoor brightness, and for daylighting functions due to dirt and modification during long-term use It is providing the opening part structure of the building using the lighting surface material which does not produce the fall of easily.

の採光面材は、建物の開口部に設けられて前記開口部を塞ぎ屋外の光を屋内に取入れる複層の採光面材であって、
屋外側に設けられる非拡散性の透光板と、屋内側に設けられ透過光を拡散させる拡散板と、これら透光板と拡散板との間に介在し入射光を屈折させて透過させる表面が平坦な屈折素材層とを備え、前記屈折素材層と前記拡散板との間に空気層が介在することを特徴とする。
前記建物の開口部は、外壁の他、間仕切り壁、バルコニー腰壁等の種々の壁、屋根面等に設けられる窓開口、出入り口等である。前記屈折素材層は、屈折フィルムおよび屈折素材のコーティング層等である。
This adopted optical surface material, a lighting surface material of the multi-layer incorporating outdoor light provided in the opening portion of the building closing the opening indoors,
A non-diffusible translucent plate provided on the outdoor side, a diffuser plate provided on the indoor side for diffusing transmitted light, and a surface interposed between the translucent plate and the diffusing plate for refracting and transmitting incident light Is provided with a flat refractive material layer, and an air layer is interposed between the refractive material layer and the diffusion plate.
The opening of the building is an outer wall, various walls such as a partition wall and a balcony waist wall, a window opening provided on a roof surface and the like, an entrance / exit, and the like. The refractive material layer is a refractive film, a refractive material coating layer, or the like.

この構成によると、例えば、高い位置にある太陽からの光を、建物の外壁の窓等の開口部から屋内に取込むときに、前記採光面材の透光板を下向きに透過した入射光が、屈折素材層により上向きの光に屈折させられ、この上向きとなった光が採光面材の拡散板を透過することで拡散光となる。これにより、屋外からの光を屋内の奥まで取入れることができ、明るさ感を得る上で重要な壁や天井が明るくなって、室内の明るさ感が向上する。そのため、狭小地等で通常では採光の望めない環境においても、開口部からの光を室内奥まで届け、室内の明るさ感を向上させることができる。この効果は、市販の樹脂材料の屈折フィルムを用いて実施形態品を製造し、試験した結果、その効果が確認できた。なお、屈折素材層により光を屈折させる方向は上方向に限らず、左右方向としても良く、この採光面材が設けられる開口部の位置や方向によっては、左右方向に光を屈折させることで、光を屋内の奥まで取入れることができる場合もある。例えば、片開きドア等の場合に、屈折方向を左右方向とすることが好ましい場合がある。また、前記空気層を介在させることで、開口部の断熱効果を向上させることができる。 According to this configuration, for example, when the light from the sun at a high position is taken indoors through an opening such as a window on the outer wall of the building, the incident light transmitted downward through the light-transmitting plate of the lighting surface material is The light is refracted upward by the refractive material layer, and the upward light passes through the diffusion plate of the daylighting surface material to become diffused light. As a result, light from the outside can be taken into the interior, walls and ceilings that are important in obtaining a sense of brightness become brighter, and a sense of brightness in the room is improved. For this reason, even in an environment where daylighting is not normally desired in a narrow area or the like, the light from the opening can be delivered to the interior of the room, and the brightness of the room can be improved. As a result of manufacturing and testing the embodiment products using a commercially available refractive film of a resin material, this effect was confirmed. The direction in which light is refracted by the refractive material layer is not limited to the upward direction, and may be in the left-right direction. In some cases, light can be taken indoors. For example, in the case of a single door or the like, it may be preferable that the refraction direction is the left-right direction. Moreover, the heat insulation effect of an opening part can be improved by interposing the said air layer.

また、屈折素材層を透過した光は拡散板で拡散されるので、出射面に屈折素材層を設けた場合と異なり、屈折素材層を透過することにより透過光に生じる虹のようなプリズム現象を拡散板で緩和することができ、屋内に違和感のない光を届けることができる。屈折素材層は透光板と拡散板の間に介在するので、露出させる場合と異なり、傷や汚れが生じにくく、また紫外線による変性等によりその屈折の効果が低下することが防止され、長期に渡って屈折の性能が維持される。 In addition, since the light transmitted through the refractive material layer is diffused by the diffusion plate, unlike the case where the refractive material layer is provided on the exit surface, the prism phenomenon like a rainbow generated in the transmitted light by transmitting through the refractive material layer is caused. It can be relaxed with a diffusing plate and light can be delivered indoors. Since the refractive material layer is interposed between the translucent plate and the diffusing plate, unlike the case where it is exposed, scratches and dirt are less likely to occur, and the effect of refraction is prevented from deteriorating due to modification by ultraviolet rays, etc. Refractive performance is maintained.

この採光面材において、前記屈折素材層が屈折フィルムであって、この屈折フィルムを前記透光板の裏面に貼り付け、前記屈折フィルムと前記拡散板との間に空気層を介在させた複層ガラスなどの採光面材としても良い。屈折フィルムを用いると、コーティング等で屈折素材層を設ける場合よりも、採光面材の生産性に優れる。また、前記空気層を介在させることで、開口部の断熱効果を向上させることができる。 In this lighting surface material, double the refraction material layer is a refraction film, which paste this refractive film on the back surface of the transparent plate, is interposed an air layer between the refractive film and the diffusion plate It may be a daylighting material such as layer glass. When the refractive film is used, the productivity of the daylighting surface material is superior to the case where the refractive material layer is provided by coating or the like. Moreover, the heat insulation effect of an opening part can be improved by interposing the said air layer.

の採光面材において、前記屈折素材層が屈折フィルムであって、前記透光板と前記拡散板との間に前記屈折フィルムを挟み込んだ合わせガラス等の採光面材としても良い。この構成の場合、製造が容易である。 In adopting the optical surface material of this, the a refractive material layer birefringent film, the birefringent film may be a lighting surface material such as glass combined sandwiched between the transparent plate and the diffusion plate. In the case of this configuration, manufacturing is easy.

の採光面材を設ける前記開口部が建物の壁面における開口部であって、前記屈折素材層または屈折フィルムは、屋外側から前記透光板を下向きに透過した入射光を上向きに屈折させる屈折性を有するものであっても良い。壁面に設けられる開口部の場合、一般的には、上向きに屈折させる屈折性を有するものとすることが、室内の明るさ感を向上させる上で好ましい。 Said opening providing this lighting surface material is an opening in the wall of a building, the refractive material layer or birefringent film refracts upward incident light from the weather side is transmitted through the downward the transparent plate refraction It may have a property. In the case of the opening provided in the wall surface, it is generally preferable to have a refractive property that refracts upward in order to improve the sense of brightness in the room.

の建物の開口部構造は、建物の開口部に採光面材を備えたものである。この開口部構造によると、この採光面材につき前述したように、狭小地等で通常では採光の望めない環境においても、開口部からの光を室内奥まで違和感なく届け、室内の明るさ感を向上させることができる。また、長期使用の間にも採光面材の汚れや変性による採光機能の低下が生じ難い。 Opening the structure of buildings this is one having an optical surface material adopted in the opening of the building. According to this opening structure, as described above per this adoption light plane material, even in an environment in the normal can not be expected of lighting in narrow areas such as, without discomfort deliver light from the opening to the chamber back, indoor brightness A feeling can be improved. Further, even during long-term use, the daylighting function is unlikely to deteriorate due to dirt or modification of the daylighting surface material.

前記建物の開口部内の一部に前記採光面材けられ、前記開口部内の残りの部分に非拡散性の透光板けられていても良い。
この構成の場合、開口部内の一部にこの発明の採光面材を設けたので、この部分では、入射光を例えば上向きに屈折して室内に入射させることができ、従来では目隠しを目的として不透明ガラスなどを採光面材として用いた場合と同等の機能を担うだけでなく、自然光を室内の奥まで取入れる機能も担うことができる。開口部の残りの部分に設けられる透光板からは、屋外からの光が直進して室内に入射される。これにより、室内空間を十分に明るくでき、より快適な室内環境をつくることができる。
The lighting surface material on a part of the opening is set in said buildings vignetting, nondiffusible transparent plate to rest within the opening may be eclipsed set.
In the case of this configuration, since the daylighting surface material of the present invention is provided in a part of the opening, the incident light can be refracted upward, for example, to enter the room, and is conventionally opaque for the purpose of blindfolding. In addition to having the same function as when using glass or the like as a lighting surface material, it can also have a function of taking natural light deep into the room. From the translucent plate provided in the remaining part of the opening, light from outside travels straight and enters the room. Thereby, the indoor space can be sufficiently brightened, and a more comfortable indoor environment can be created.

前記開口部内の一部に前記採光面材けられる場合に、前記開口部を上下に分け、前記開口部の下側部分に前記採光面材けられ、前記開口部の上側部分に非拡散性の透光板けられていても良い。
この構成の場合、開口部の下側部分に設けられた採光面材に入射して来る光が上向きに屈折して拡散光となり、室内の壁や天井を照らす。他方、開口部の上側部分に設けられた透光板に下向きに入射して来る光はそのまま直進して室内の床面を照らす。そのため、室内の壁や天井だけでなく床面も照らすことができ、より室内空間を明るくすることができて、明るさ感がより一層向上する
この発明の建物の開口部構造は、建物の開口部に採光面材が設けられた建物の開口部構造であって、
前記開口部を上下に分け、前記開口部の下側部分に前記採光面材が設けられ、前記開口部の上側部分に非拡散性の透光板が設けられ、
前記採光面材が、前記開口部を塞ぎ屋外の光を屋内に取入れる複層の採光面材であって、屋外側に設けられる非拡散性の透光板と、屋内側に設けられ透過光を拡散させる拡散板と、これら透光板と拡散板との間に介在し入射光を屈折させて透過させる屈折素材層とを備える。
When the lighting surface material is eclipsed set to a portion in said open mouth, dividing the opening into upper and lower, the lighting surface material in the lower portion of the opening is set vignetting, the upper portion of the opening non-diffusion of the transparent plate may have been kicked set in.
In the case of this configuration, the light incident on the daylighting surface member provided in the lower part of the opening is refracted upward to become diffused light, and illuminates the indoor walls and ceiling. On the other hand, the light incident downward on the translucent plate provided in the upper part of the opening travels straight and illuminates the floor surface in the room. Therefore, not only indoor walls and ceilings but also the floor surface can be illuminated, the indoor space can be brightened, and the feeling of brightness is further improved .
The building opening structure of the present invention is a building opening structure in which a lighting surface material is provided in the building opening,
The opening is divided into upper and lower parts, the daylighting surface material is provided in the lower part of the opening, and a non-diffusible translucent plate is provided in the upper part of the opening,
The daylighting material is a multi-layered daylighting material that closes the opening and takes outdoor light indoors, and a non-diffusible translucent plate provided on the outdoor side, and transmitted light provided on the indoor side. A diffusing plate for diffusing light, and a refractive material layer interposed between the light transmitting plate and the diffusing plate to refract incident light and transmit it.

の建物の開口部構造は、建物の複数の開口部に上記いずれかの構成の採光面材が設けられ、前記開口部の位置によって前記採光面材の前記屈折素材層の屈折率が互いに異なっていても良い。
この構成の場合、開口部の位置に応じて、開口部からの入射光の屈折角度を異ならせるので、各開口部の位置の日照条件に応じて、各開口部からの入射光で室内の床面、壁、天井を屋内の奥部まで適切に照らすことができる。
Opening structure of building this is lighting surface material of the upper Symbol either configuration provided with a plurality of openings of a building, the refractive index of the refractive material layer of the daylight surface material according to the position of the opening They may be different from each other.
In this configuration, the refraction angle of the incident light from the opening is made different depending on the position of the opening. Therefore, the incident light from each opening is used as the indoor floor according to the sunshine condition at the position of each opening. The surface, wall, and ceiling can be properly illuminated up to the interior.

の採光面材は、建物の開口部に設けられて前記開口部を塞ぎ屋外の光を屋内に取入れる複層の採光面材であって、屋外側に設けられる非拡散性の透光板と、屋内側に設けられ透過光を拡散させる拡散板と、これら透光板と拡散板との間に介在し入射光を屈折させて透過させる表面が平坦な屈折素材層とを備え、前記屈折素材層と前記拡散板との間に空気層が介在するため、屋外の光を違和感なく屋内の奥まで十分に取入れることができて、室内の明るさ感を向上させることができ、また長期使用の間にも汚れや変性による採光機能の低下が生じ難い耐久性に優れたものとなる。
この発明の建物の開口部構造は、建物の開口部に採光面材が設けられた建物の開口部構造であって、前記開口部を上下に分け、前記開口部の下側部分に前記採光面材が設けられ、前記開口部の上側部分に非拡散性の透光板が設けられ、前記採光面材が、前記開口部を塞ぎ屋外の光を屋内に取入れる複層の採光面材であって、屋外側に設けられる非拡散性の透光板と、屋内側に設けられ透過光を拡散させる拡散板と、これら透光板と拡散板との間に介在し入射光を屈折させて透過させる屈折素材層とを備える。このため、屋外の光を違和感なく屋内の奥まで十分に取入れることができて、室内の明るさ感を向上させることができ、また長期使用の間にも汚れや変性による採光機能の低下が生じ難い。
This adopted optical surface material, the outdoor light is provided in an opening of a building closing the opening to a lighting surface material of the multi-layer incorporating indoors, non-diffusible translucent provided on weather side A plate, a diffusion plate provided on the indoor side for diffusing transmitted light, and a refractive material layer having a flat surface that refracts and transmits incident light interposed between the light transmission plate and the diffusion plate, Since an air layer is interposed between the refractive material layer and the diffuser plate, outdoor light can be fully taken into the interior without a sense of incongruity, and the brightness of the room can be improved. Even during long-term use, the lighting function is less likely to deteriorate due to dirt or modification, and the durability is excellent.
The opening structure of a building according to the present invention is a building opening structure in which a lighting surface material is provided in the opening of the building, the opening is divided into upper and lower parts, and the lighting surface is formed in a lower portion of the opening. A non-diffusible translucent plate is provided on the upper portion of the opening, and the lighting surface material is a multi-layer lighting surface material that closes the opening and takes outdoor light indoors. A non-diffusible translucent plate provided on the outdoor side, a diffuser plate provided on the indoor side for diffusing transmitted light, and interposed between the translucent plate and the diffuser plate to refract incident light and transmit it. A refractive material layer. For this reason, the outdoor light without discomfort to the back of the indoors can be incorporated sufficiently, Ki is possible to improve the brightness sensation in the room, also during long-term use dirt and modification with the lighting function Decline is unlikely to occur.

この発明の一実施形態にかかる採光面材を用いた建物の開口部の一部を破断して示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of opening part of the building using the lighting surface material concerning one Embodiment of this invention. (A)は同採光面材を開口部に設けた部屋の一例の採光状態を示す縦断面図、(B)は(A)の部屋の開口部に従来の採光面材を設けた場合の採光状態を示す水平断面図、(C)は(A)の部屋の採光状態を示す水平断面図である。(A) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a daylighting state of an example of a room provided with the same daylighting material at the opening, and (B) is daylighting when a conventional daylighting material is provided at the opening of the room of (A). The horizontal sectional view which shows a state, (C) is a horizontal sectional view which shows the lighting condition of the room of (A). 同採光面材を開口部に設けた部屋の他の例の採光状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting state of the other example of the room which provided the same lighting surface material in the opening part. 同採光面材を開口部に設けた部屋のさらに他の例の採光状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting condition of the further another example of the room which provided the same lighting surface material in the opening part. 同採光面材を開口部に設けた部屋のさらに他の例の採光状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting condition of the further another example of the room which provided the same lighting surface material in the opening part. 同採光面材を複数の開口部に設けた例を示す水平断面図である。It is a horizontal sectional view showing an example in which the same daylighting surface material is provided in a plurality of openings. (A)はこの発明の他の実施形態にかかる採光面材を示す縦断面図、(B)は同採光面材の分解斜視図である。(A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting surface material concerning other embodiment of this invention, (B) is a disassembled perspective view of the lighting surface material. (A)はこの発明のさらに他の実施形態にかかる採光面材を示す縦断面図、(B)は同採光面材の分解斜視図である。(A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lighting surface material concerning further another embodiment of this invention, (B) is an exploded perspective view of the lighting surface material.

この発明の一実施形態を図1ないし図5と共に説明する。図1はこの採光面材を用いた建物の開口部を示す断面図である。この採光面材1は、建物の開口部11に設けられて前記開口部11を塞ぎ屋外の光を屋内に取入れる面材である。この例では、前記採光面材1を窓戸枠7内に取付けて窓戸6が構成され、この窓戸6が前記開口部11の開口枠11a内に設けられる。同図の開口部11は、建物の外壁面に設けられる窓開口である。窓戸6は、開き戸であっても、スライド戸やその他の開閉形式の戸であっても良い。開口部11を設けた建物は、戸建住宅、集合住宅、事務所ビル等のいずれであっても良く、またどのような構法の建物であっても良い。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an opening of a building using the daylighting material. The daylighting surface material 1 is a surface material that is provided in an opening 11 of a building and closes the opening 11 to take in outdoor light indoors. In this example, the daylighting face material 1 is mounted in a window door frame 7 to form a window door 6, and the window door 6 is provided in the opening frame 11 a of the opening 11. The opening 11 in the figure is a window opening provided on the outer wall surface of the building. The window door 6 may be a hinged door, a sliding door, or another opening / closing type door. The building provided with the opening 11 may be any of a detached house, an apartment house, an office building, etc., and may be a building having any construction method.

前記採光面材1は、屋外側に設けられる非拡散性の透光板2と、屋内側に設けられ透過光を拡散させる拡散板3と、これら透光板2と拡散板3との間に介在し入射光を屈折させて透過させる屈折素材層である屈折フィルム4とを備え、複層ガラス等の複層構造の採光面材とされている。透光板2は、例えば単板の透明ガラスが用いられるが、透明ガラス以外の透明アクリル樹脂等の透明な合成樹脂等の板材を用いても良い。拡散板3としては、単板のすりガラスが用いられるが、この他に、単板の透明ガラスの片面に光拡散性を有する拡散フィルムを貼付けたものや、透過光拡散光性の合成樹脂板を用いても良い。屈折フィルム4は、フィルムに限らず、屈折素材を透光板2等にコーティングした層であっても良い。また、屈折フィルム4には、具体的には、市販のアクリル系等の合成樹脂を主材料とする屈折フィルムを用いることができる。 The daylighting surface material 1 includes a non-diffusible light transmitting plate 2 provided on the outdoor side, a diffusion plate 3 provided on the indoor side for diffusing transmitted light, and between the light transmitting plate 2 and the diffusion plate 3. It is provided with a refractive film 4 that is a refractive material layer that intervenes to refract and transmit incident light, and is a daylighting surface material having a multilayer structure such as multilayer glass. The translucent plate 2 is made of, for example, a single plate of transparent glass, but may be made of a plate material such as a transparent synthetic resin such as a transparent acrylic resin other than the transparent glass. As the diffusion plate 3, a single plate of ground glass is used, but in addition to this, a single plate of transparent glass having a light diffusive diffusion film attached thereto, or a transmitted light diffusing light synthetic resin plate is used. It may be used. The refractive film 4 is not limited to a film, and may be a layer in which a refractive material is coated on the translucent plate 2 or the like. For the refractive film 4, specifically, a refractive film whose main material is a commercially available synthetic resin such as acrylic resin can be used.

ここでは、前記屈折フィルム4は、屋外側に設けられる透光板2の屋内側を向く片面に貼付けられ、透光板2を下向きに透過した入射光を上向きに屈折させる屈折性を有する。また、この屈折フィルム4と、屋内側に設けられる拡散板3との間には空気層5が設けられ、空気層付きのペアガラスを構成する。屈折フィルム4および上記屈折素材層の材質は、光の透過性に優れ、かつ屈折率の高い合成樹脂材料等が用いられる。 Here, the refractive film 4 is attached to one side facing the indoor side of the translucent plate 2 provided on the outdoor side, and has a refractive property that refracts incident light transmitted downward through the translucent plate 2 upward. In addition, an air layer 5 is provided between the refractive film 4 and the diffuser plate 3 provided on the indoor side to constitute a pair glass with an air layer. As the material of the refraction film 4 and the refraction material layer, a synthetic resin material having a high light transmittance and a high refractive index is used.

上記構成の採光面材1を用いた窓戸6を備える開口部構造によると、図1のように高い位置にある太陽Sからの光を前記開口部11から屋内に取込むとき、採光面材1の透光板2を下向きに透過した入射光L1は、屈折フィルム4により上向きの光L2に屈折させられ、さらに上向きとなった光L2は採光面材1の拡散板3を透過するときに拡散光L3となる。
このように入射光L1が屈折フィルム4で屈折することにより、屋外からの光を屋内の奥まで取入れることができて、明るさ感の上で重要となる壁や天井が明るくなることから、明るさ感を向上させることができる。また、屈折フィルム4を透過した光は拡散板3で拡散されるので、屈折フィルム4を透過することにより透過光に生じる虹状の光模様のプリズム現象を拡散板3で緩和することができ、屋内に違和感のない光を届けることができる。また、自然光が居住者の目に入ることで、サーカディアンリズムの調整作用が働き、健康にも寄与できる。
なお、窓戸6の採光面材が例えば透光板2だけからなる従来例の場合には、透光板2を下向きに透過した入射光L1はそのまま下向きの光L4として屋内に取込まれるので、屋内の奥まで光が届かず屋内を暗くしてしまう。このような問題が、採光面材1によって解消される。
また、屈折フィルム4は透光板2と拡散板3の間に介在するので、屋外面や屋内面に露出させる場合と異なり、傷や汚れが生じにくく、また紫外線による変性等によりその屈折の効果が低下することが防止され、長期に渡って屈折の性能が維持される。
According to the opening structure provided with the window door 6 using the lighting surface material 1 having the above-described configuration, when the light from the sun S located at a high position as shown in FIG. The incident light L1 transmitted downward through one translucent plate 2 is refracted by the refraction film 4 into upward light L2, and the upward light L2 passes through the diffusion plate 3 of the lighting surface material 1. It becomes diffused light L3.
Since the incident light L1 is refracted by the refractive film 4 in this way, light from the outside can be taken into the interior, and the walls and ceiling that are important in terms of brightness become brighter. Brightness can be improved. Further, since the light transmitted through the refractive film 4 is diffused by the diffusion plate 3, the rainbow-like light pattern prism phenomenon generated in the transmitted light by transmitting through the refractive film 4 can be relaxed by the diffusion plate 3. The light can be delivered indoors. In addition, natural light enters the eyes of the resident, so that the circadian rhythm can be adjusted, contributing to health.
In the case of a conventional example in which the daylighting surface material of the window door 6 is composed only of the translucent plate 2, for example, the incident light L1 transmitted downward through the translucent plate 2 is taken in as indoors as downward light L4. , The light will not reach the interior of the room and will darken the room. Such a problem is solved by the lighting surface material 1.
In addition, since the refractive film 4 is interposed between the translucent plate 2 and the diffusing plate 3, unlike the case where it is exposed to the outdoor surface or the indoor surface, scratches and dirt are less likely to occur, and the effect of refraction due to modification by ultraviolet rays or the like. Is prevented, and the refractive performance is maintained over a long period of time.

図2は、前記採光面材1を開口部11に用いた建物10の開口部構造の一例の採光効果を、一般的なLDKプランの部屋の例で示している。図2(A)はその建物10の縦断面図を示し、図2(C)はその水平断面図を示す。なお、図2(B)は同じ建物10における開口部11に上記した透光板2だけからなる従来の採光面材を用いた場合の水平断面図を示す。各図における破線のハッチングを付した部位は、屋外から入射した光が届かない範囲を示す。   FIG. 2 shows a daylighting effect of an example of the opening structure of the building 10 using the daylighting surface material 1 for the opening 11 in an example of a general LDK plan room. 2A shows a longitudinal sectional view of the building 10, and FIG. 2C shows a horizontal sectional view thereof. FIG. 2B shows a horizontal cross-sectional view in the case where a conventional daylighting surface material composed only of the above-described translucent plate 2 is used for the opening 11 in the same building 10. The part which attached | subjected the hatching of the broken line in each figure shows the range which the light which injected from the outdoors does not reach.

図1でも示したように、建物10の壁面に位置する開口部11を、前記採光面材1を用いた窓戸6で塞ぐ開口部構造では、図2(A)のように、高い位置にある太陽Sから開口部11の採光面材1に下向きに入射してくる光L1が上向きに屈折させられ、しかも拡散光L3となって室内の奥まで届くので、壁や天井が明るくなり、図2(C)のように部屋全体を十分に明るくして明るさ感を向上させることができる。同図の例では、開口部11に隣接してリビング・ダイニング部分LDが設けられ、奥側にキッチンKが設けられているが、キッチンKの部分まで明るくなり、快適に作業をすることができる。
これに対して、採光面材が例えば上記した透光板2だけからなる従来の窓で前記開口部11を塞ぐ場合には、開口部11に下向きに入射して来た光L1がそのまま直進するので、図2(B)のように直進してきた光L4は室内の奥のキッチンKまで届かず、また部屋全体が暗くなってしまう。
As shown also in FIG. 1, in the opening part structure which closes the opening part 11 located in the wall surface of the building 10 with the window door 6 using the said lighting surface material 1, as shown in FIG. The light L1 incident downward from the sun S to the daylighting surface material 1 of the opening 11 is refracted upward and reaches the interior of the room as diffused light L3. As in 2 (C), the entire room can be sufficiently brightened to improve the feeling of brightness. In the example shown in the figure, a living / dining part LD is provided adjacent to the opening 11 and a kitchen K is provided on the back side. However, the kitchen K is brightened so that the user can work comfortably. .
On the other hand, in the case where the opening 11 is closed with a conventional window made of, for example, the above-described translucent plate 2 alone, the light L1 that has entered the opening 11 downward travels straight. Therefore, the light L4 that has traveled straight as shown in FIG. 2B does not reach the interior kitchen K, and the entire room becomes dark.

図2〜図4に各例を示すように、開口部11の位置や形状により適する屈折光の屈折角度が異なるため、適した屈折角度の屈折フィルム4を用いる。
図3は、前記採光面材1を開口部11に用いた建物10の開口部構造の他の例の縦断面図を示している。この開口部構造では、開口部11の位置が図2の場合よりも下位置となっている。そのため、採光面材が例えば上記した透光板2だけからなる従来の窓で前記開口部11を塞ぐ場合には、高い位置にある太陽Sから開口部11へ下向きに入射して来た光L1はそのまま直進し、採光面材を透過してきた光L4は室内の一部床面を照射するだけとなり、開口部11が高い位置にある図2の場合に比べて、部屋全体はさらに暗くなってしまう。
As shown each example in FIGS. 2 to 4, the refractive angle of the refracted light to be applied by the position and shape of the opening 11 is different, the refraction film 4 of the refraction angle of a suitable use.
FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of another example of the opening structure of the building 10 in which the daylighting face material 1 is used for the opening 11. In this opening structure, the position of the opening 11 is lower than in the case of FIG. Therefore, when the aperture 11 is closed with a conventional window made of only the above-described translucent plate 2 for example, the light L1 incident downward from the sun S at a high position to the aperture 11 Goes straight, and the light L4 transmitted through the daylighting material only irradiates a part of the floor surface in the room, and the entire room becomes darker than in the case of FIG. 2 where the opening 11 is at a high position. End up.

そこで、図3の実施形態の開口部構造では、前記開口部11を前記採光面材1を用いた窓戸6で塞ぎ、しかも採光面材1を構成する屈折フィルム4の屈折角度を、図2の場合よりも大きくしている。つまり、屈折フィルム4により入射光L1が上向きに屈折する角度を、図2の例の場合よりも大きくしている。このため、開口部11へ下向きに入射してきた光L1が採光面材1で十分な角度だけ上向きに屈折させられ、しかも拡散光L3となって室内の奥まで届くので、壁や天井が明るくなり部屋全体を十分に明るくすることができる。 Therefore, in the opening structure of the embodiment of FIG. 3, the opening 11 is closed by the window door 6 using the daylighting surface material 1, and the refraction angle of the refractive film 4 constituting the daylighting surface material 1 is shown in FIG. It is bigger than the case. That is, the angle at which the incident light L1 is refracted upward by the refractive film 4 is made larger than in the example of FIG. For this reason, the light L1 that has entered the opening 11 downward is refracted upward by a sufficient angle by the lighting surface material 1 and reaches the interior of the room as diffused light L3, so that the walls and ceiling become bright. The whole room can be bright enough.

図4は、前記採光面材1を開口部11に用いた建物10の開口部構造のさらに他の例の縦断面図を示している。この開口部構造は、建物10の壁面に開口する開口部11を上下に分けた窓戸6,16で閉じる構成であって、窓戸6,16は、例えば、上げ下げ戸とされる。この例では、開口部11の下側部分に前記採光面材1を用いた窓戸6を設け、開口部11の上側部分には前記非拡散性の透光板2を用いた従来の窓戸16を設けている。
この開口部構造では、開口部11の下側部分に設けられた窓戸6に下向きに入射して来る光L1が上向きに屈折して拡散光L3となり、室内の壁や天井を照らす。他方、開口部11の上側部分に設けられた窓戸16に下向きに入射して来る光L1はそのまま直進して室内の床面を照らす。そのため、室内の壁や天井だけでなく床面も照らすことができ、より室内空間が明るくなって明るさ感を向上させることができる。
FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of still another example of the opening structure of the building 10 in which the daylighting surface material 1 is used for the opening 11. This opening part structure is the structure which closes the opening part 11 opened to the wall surface of the building 10 with the window doors 6 and 16 divided up and down, Comprising: The window doors 6 and 16 are made into a raising / lowering door, for example. In this example, a window door 6 using the daylighting surface material 1 is provided in the lower part of the opening 11, and the conventional window door using the non-diffusible translucent plate 2 in the upper part of the opening 11. 16 is provided.
In this opening structure, light L1 incident downward on the window door 6 provided in the lower part of the opening 11 is refracted upward to become diffused light L3, which illuminates the indoor wall or ceiling. On the other hand, the light L1 incident downward on the window 16 provided in the upper part of the opening 11 goes straight as it is to illuminate the floor surface in the room. Therefore, not only indoor walls and ceilings but also the floor surface can be illuminated, and the indoor space becomes brighter and the feeling of brightness can be improved.

図5は、前記採光面材1を開口部11に用いた建物10の開口部構造のさらに他の例の縦断面図を示している。この開口部構造でも、建物10の壁面に開口する開口部11の一部に前記採光面材1を用いた窓戸6を設け、開口部11の残りの部分には前記非拡散性の透光板2を用いた従来の窓戸16を設けている。特に、この例では、開口部11を上部分、中間部分、および下部分の3つに区画して、中間部分に前記採光面材1を用いた窓戸6を設け、上部分および下部分に前記非拡散性の透光板2を用いた従来の窓戸16をそれぞれ設けている。
この開口部構造では、開口部11の高さ方向の中間部分に前記採光面材1を用いた窓戸6を用いているので、開口部11の中間部分では屋外からの入射光L1が上向きに屈折して室内に入射することになり、従来目隠しを目的として不透明ガラスなどを採光面材として用いた窓と同等の機能を担うだけでなく、自然光を室内の奥まで取入れる機能も担うことになる。開口部11の上部分や下部分に設けられる窓戸16からは屋外からの光L1が直進して室内に入射される。これにより、室内空間を十分に明るくでき、快適な室内環境をつくることができる。
FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of still another example of the opening structure of the building 10 using the daylighting face material 1 as the opening 11. Also in this opening structure, the window door 6 using the said lighting surface material 1 is provided in a part of the opening part 11 opened to the wall surface of the building 10, and the non-diffusible light-transmitting light is provided in the remaining part of the opening part 11. A conventional window 16 using the plate 2 is provided. In particular, in this example, the opening 11 is divided into an upper part, an intermediate part, and a lower part, and a window door 6 using the lighting surface material 1 is provided in the intermediate part, and the upper part and the lower part are provided. Conventional window doors 16 using the non-diffusible translucent plate 2 are provided.
In the opening structure, since the window door 6 using the daylighting surface material 1 is used in the intermediate portion of the opening portion 11 in the height direction, the incident light L1 from the outdoors is directed upward in the intermediate portion of the opening portion 11. It will be refracted and enter the room, and it will not only have the same function as a window using opaque glass as a lighting surface material for the purpose of blindfolding, but also will have the function of taking natural light deep into the room. Become. From the window 16 provided in the upper part and the lower part of the opening part 11, the light L1 from the outdoors travels straight and enters the room. As a result, the indoor space can be sufficiently brightened and a comfortable indoor environment can be created.

図6は、さらに他の開口部構造の例を示す。同図の例では、建物の開口部11が複数あり、それらの各開口部11を、前記採光面材1を用いた窓戸6でそれぞれ塞いでいるが、それらの開口部11の位置によって、各採光面材1における屈折フィルム4の屈折率を互いに異ならせている。
この構成の場合、開口部11の位置に応じて、開口部11からの入射光の屈折角度を異ならせるので、各開口部11の日照等の採光条件等に応じて、いずれの開口部11からも室内の奥部まで入射光を届かせることができる。また、室内の床面、壁、天井に過不足無く均等に照らすことも可能となる。
FIG. 6 shows another example of the opening structure. In the example of the figure, there are a plurality of openings 11 in the building, and each of the openings 11 is closed by the window door 6 using the daylighting surface material 1, but depending on the position of the openings 11, The refractive index of the refractive film 4 in each daylighting surface material 1 is different from each other.
In the case of this configuration, since the refraction angle of the incident light from the opening 11 is made different according to the position of the opening 11, from any opening 11 depending on the lighting conditions such as sunlight of each opening 11. Can also reach the interior of the room. In addition, it is possible to illuminate the floor, walls, and ceiling of the room evenly with no excess or deficiency.

図7(A),(B)は、それぞれこの発明の採光面材の他の実施形態を示す。この採光面材1Aは、屋外側に設けられる非拡散性の透光板2と、屋内側に設けられる拡散板3とで、屈折フィルム4を隙間なく挟み付けた合わせガラスとしたものである。なお、屈折フィルム4は3枚のフィルム層4aを積層して構成される。
この採光面材1Aでは、屈折フィルム4が透光板2と拡散板3とで隙間なく挟み付けられるので、屈折フィルム4は、屋外面や屋内面だけでなく、採光面材内部の空気層とも触れず、より一層良好に、汚れ防止や変性防止の作用が得られる。その他の効果は図1の実施形態の場合と同様である。
7A and 7B show other embodiments of the daylighting surface material of the present invention. This lighting surface material 1A is a laminated glass in which a refractive film 4 is sandwiched between a non-diffusible translucent plate 2 provided on the outdoor side and a diffusing plate 3 provided on the indoor side. The refractive film 4 is configured by laminating three film layers 4a.
In this daylighting surface material 1A, the refractive film 4 is sandwiched between the translucent plate 2 and the diffusion plate 3 without a gap, so that the refractive film 4 is not only an outdoor surface or an indoor surface, but also an air layer inside the daylighting surface material. The effect of preventing dirt and preventing denaturation can be obtained even better without touching. Other effects are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.

図8(A),(B)は、この発明のさらに他の実施形態を示す。この採光面材1Bは、図7の採光面材1Aにおいて、屈折フィルム4を1層構造のものとしている。その他の構成および作用効果は図7の実施形態の場合と同様である。なお、同図の合わせガラス形式の採光面材1と他の透光板(図示せず)とを、空気層を介して組み合わせ、ペアガラスとしても良い。
図7,図8の例の採光面材1Aにおいても、透光板2および拡散板3は、合成樹脂製であっても良い。
8A and 8B show still another embodiment of the present invention. This daylighting surface material 1B has the refractive film 4 of a single layer structure in the daylighting surface material 1A of FIG. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG. In addition, it is good also as a pair glass by combining the lighting surface material 1 of the laminated glass format of the figure, and another translucent board (not shown) through an air layer.
Also in the daylighting surface material 1A in the examples of FIGS. 7 and 8, the light transmitting plate 2 and the diffusion plate 3 may be made of synthetic resin.

なお、上記実施形態では自然光を取り込む用途に使用する場合につき説明したが、参考提案例として示すと、上記各実施形態の採光面材1,1Aおよび開口部構造は、照明光を取り込む箇所にも使用できる。また、前記採光面材1,1Aおよび開口部構造屋外から室内に光を取り込む箇所に限らず、屋内の間仕切り壁における開口部に適用することもできる。   In addition, although it demonstrated about the case where it uses for the use which takes in natural light in the said embodiment, if it shows as a reference proposal example, the lighting surface material 1, 1A and opening part structure of each said embodiment will also be in the location which takes in illumination light. Can be used. Moreover, it is applicable not only to the location which takes in the light from the said daylighting surface materials 1 and 1A and an opening part structure indoors indoors, but also to the opening part in an indoor partition wall.

1,1A,1B…採光面材
2…透光板
3…拡散板
4…屈折フィルム
11…開口部
1, 1A, 1B ... Daylighting surface material 2 ... Translucent plate 3 ... Diffusion plate 4 ... Refraction film 11 ... Opening

Claims (1)

建物の開口部に採光面材が設けられた建物の開口部構造であって、
前記開口部を上下に分け、前記開口部の下側部分に前記採光面材が設けられ、前記開口部の上側部分に非拡散性の透光板が設けられ、
前記採光面材が、前記開口部を塞ぎ屋外の光を屋内に取入れる複層の採光面材であって、屋外側に設けられる非拡散性の透光板と、屋内側に設けられ透過光を拡散させる拡散板と、これら透光板と拡散板との間に介在し入射光を屈折させて透過させる屈折素材層とを備える建物の開口部構造。
A building opening structure in which a lighting surface material is provided in the opening of the building,
The opening is divided into upper and lower parts, the daylighting surface material is provided in the lower part of the opening, and a non-diffusible translucent plate is provided in the upper part of the opening,
The daylighting material is a multi-layered daylighting material that closes the opening and takes outdoor light indoors, and a non-diffusible translucent plate provided on the outdoor side, and transmitted light provided on the indoor side. An opening structure of a building comprising a diffusion plate that diffuses light and a refractive material layer that is interposed between the light transmission plate and the diffusion plate to refract incident light and transmit the light.
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