JP5961497B2 - Pyrolysis equipment for combustible materials - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pyrolyzer for a combustible material-containing raw material that heats and combusts a combustible material-containing raw material to obtain a gas component containing a combustible gas and a solid content containing a carbide.

  An apparatus for obtaining a gas component containing a combustible gas and a solid component containing char by heating and thermally decomposing a raw material containing a combustible material is known, for example, in Patent Document 1.

  In Patent Literature 1, a combustible material-containing raw material that has a horizontal rotating cylindrical body that is open at both ends and is introduced into the cylindrical body from the opening at one end rolls in the cylindrical body by the rotation of the cylindrical body. However, by heating and pyrolyzing in the process of being conveyed to the opening at the other end, a gas component containing combustible gas, tar vapor and water vapor, and a solid component containing char or the like are generated.

  However, in Patent Document 1, the gas component obtained by pyrolyzing the combustible material-containing raw material contains tar vapor and water vapor in addition to the combustible gas, and the tar obtained by cooling the tar vapor. Is liquid and has a relatively high viscosity, which makes it difficult to handle as fuel. In other words, the amount of char generated is reduced by the amount of tar generated. Therefore, the process becomes cumbersome and the apparatus becomes complicated and the cost increases.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 2, the tar vapor contained in the generated gas component is returned to the cylindrical body so that the tar vapor is also converted into char, so that the final gas component does not contain tar vapor. In addition to obtaining a combustible gas-containing gas, the amount of char obtained is increased accordingly.

JP2008-1111016 JP2011-257895A

  However, even in Patent Document 2, when the tar vapor discharged from the cylindrical body together with the combustible gas is purified and returned to the cylindrical body, the tar vapor is condensed. It becomes liquid tar and adheres to the inner surface of the flow path of the tar vapor and in the vicinity thereof, thereby hindering the operation operation.

  Moreover, if there is much unreacted tar vapor | steam, gasification efficiency will become low only by it. The present invention substantially completely gasifies the tar vapor contained in the gas component generated by the pyrolysis and gasification reaction with the water vapor in the gas stream, thereby preventing troubles due to tar condensation. An object of the present invention is to provide a pyrolyzer for combustible material-containing raw materials that improves gas efficiency.

  The pyrolysis apparatus for combustible material-containing raw materials according to the present invention is constituted by the following first invention or second invention.

<First invention>
In the first invention, openings are formed at both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical body centering on the axis extending in the lateral direction, and the cylindrical body is heated on the outer peripheral surface, so that the combustible-containing raw material inside the cylindrical body is formed. In the pyrolyzing apparatus for combustible material-containing raw material, which is thermally decomposed during movement from one end to the other end in the axial direction to generate a solid content containing carbide and a gas content containing combustible gas, one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical body The other end is provided with a raw material supply port and a solid content discharge port and a gas content discharge port at the other end, and the gas content discharge port is connected to a catalyst tower. It is built-in and receives a high-temperature gas that heats the fixed catalyst from the outside, and after the gas component from the gas outlet comes into direct contact with the fixed catalyst, it is discharged from the catalyst tower and the high-temperature gas is fixed. After indirect heating of the catalyst, it is used to heat the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body It is characterized in that that is a cormorant.

<Second invention>
In the second invention, openings are formed at both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical body with the axis extending in the lateral direction as the center of rotation, and the combustible-containing raw material inside the cylindrical body is separated from one end in the axial direction. In a pyrolyzer for a combustible material-containing raw material, which is pyrolyzed by self-combustion during movement toward the end to produce a solid content containing carbide and a gas content containing a combustible gas, a raw material supply port at one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical body And a gas component discharge port, and the gas component discharge port is connected to a catalyst tower, the catalyst tower contains a fixed catalyst for steam reforming, and the gas component from the gas discharge port Is discharged from the catalyst tower after direct contact with the fixed catalyst, and a solid content discharge port and a high temperature gas discharge port are provided at the other end of the cylindrical body, from the high temperature gas discharge port. Hot gas is sent to the catalyst tower to indirectly heat the fixed catalyst It is characterized in Rukoto.

  In the first and second inventions having such a configuration, the raw material is heated and thermally decomposed by the cylindrical body to generate a solid content containing carbides and a gas content containing a combustible gas, both of which are cylindrical bodies. The gas component is discharged to the catalyst tower and sent to the catalyst tower.

  In the first and second inventions, in the catalyst tower, the fixed catalyst is heated to the reaction temperature by indirect contact with the hot gas, and the gas component discharged from the cylindrical body permeates the fixed catalyst. To do. This gas component contains tar vapor and water vapor in addition to the combustible gas, and the tar vapor is gasified by a steam reforming reaction under the catalyst to become a combustible gas. Together with this combustible gas generated from tar vapor, it is discharged from the catalyst tower. In the first invention, the high-temperature gas that heated the fixed catalyst still has high thermal energy, and is supplied to the cylindrical body to heat the cylindrical body from the outer peripheral surface. In the second invention, the exhaust gas generated by the self-combustion of the raw material in the cylindrical body is sent to the catalyst tower as a high-temperature gas.

  As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, in addition to the combustible gas, the gas component containing tar vapor and water vapor is generated in the catalyst tower. Since it was decided to be in direct contact with the high-temperature fixed catalyst, the tar vapor can be gasified and taken out as a combustible gas. Further, in the first invention, the thermal energy possessed by the high-temperature gas that heats the fixed catalyst is used to heat the cylindrical body. It can be utilized, and gasification in the thermal decomposition of the raw material is completed, and both the effective utilization of thermal energy is improved. In the second invention, the exhaust gas generated by the self-combustion of the raw material can be used as a high-temperature gas to the catalyst tower.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the surface containing an axis line which shows schematic structure of one Embodiment apparatus of this invention. It is II-II sectional drawing in FIG. It is the III-III sectional view in Drawing 1, (A) shows an example and (B)-(D) shows the possible modification. (A)-(C) are longitudinal cross-sectional views which show each modification of the catalyst tower in FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the apparatus of 2nd embodiment of this invention. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the combustor of the apparatus. (A) is a VIIA-VIIA sectional view in Drawing 6, and (B) is the elements on larger scale. It is a schematic block diagram of the apparatus of 3rd embodiment of this invention. (A), (B), (C) are the IXA-IXA sectional view, IXB-IXB sectional view, and IXC-IXC sectional view in FIG. 8, respectively.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

<First embodiment>
The pyrolysis apparatus for combustible material-containing raw material of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes a heating apparatus 10 and a catalyst tower 30.

  The heating device 10 is a horizontal type metal centering on an axis 11 that is located on a horizontal plane or inclined downward from one end side (left end side in the figure) to the other end side with an inclination angle within 5 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. A cylindrical body 12 made of heat-resistant material, and an outer cylindrical body 14 made of a heat-resistant material that is concentric with the cylindrical body 12 and has a heat insulating property that forms an annular space 13 between the cylindrical body 12 and the cylindrical body 12.

  The cylindrical body 12 protrudes from the outer cylindrical body 14 at both ends in the axial direction, and supported rings 17 and 18 are attached to the outer circumferences of the end wall portions 15 and 16 forming the ends of the cylindrical body 12. It has been. An end wall 15 on one end side in the direction of the axis 11 is formed with a cylindrical hole-shaped opening 15A penetrating on the axis 11 in the direction of the axis 11 as a raw material supply port, and a slight radius is formed in the opening 15A. The raw material supply pipe 19 enters with a directional gap. The end wall 16 on the other end side in the direction of the axis 11 is formed with a step-shaped small-diameter portion, and the supported ring 18 is attached to the end-wall portion 16 positioned at the step-shaped portion. The end wall portion 16 is formed with a tapered hole-shaped opening portion 16 </ b> A penetrating in the direction of the axis 11, which is located on the axis 11 and whose inner diameter increases toward the other end. The opening 16A functions as a common outlet for discharging gas and solids generated after pyrolysis of the raw material. The supported rings 17 and 18 attached to both ends of the cylindrical body 12 are supported by bearing members 17A and 18A such as rollers at the lower outer peripheral surfaces of the supported rings 17 and 18, respectively. The weight of 12 and the weight of the raw material inside can be rotated around the axis 11 while being supported by the bearing members 17A and 18A. The cylindrical body 12 to which the supported rings 17 and 18 are attached is slowly rotated around the axis 11 by driving means (not shown). Usually, the rotation speed is 0.5 to 10 rpm. During rotation, the opening 15A on the one end side rotates relative to the stationary raw material supply pipe 19 while maintaining a sealed state by a rotary seal or the like (not shown).

  The cylindrical body 12 has a partition wall 20 extending along the axis 11 in FIG. 1 and positioned parallel to the paper surface, and the partition wall 20 divides the interior of the cylindrical body 12 into a plurality of internal spaces. In the illustrated case, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the partition wall 20 is divided into two internal spaces. The internal space of the cylindrical body 12 is not limited to two and may be partitioned into a plurality of spaces.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the partition wall 20 does not reach the positions of the openings 15A and 16A at both ends in the axial direction, and the communication portions 20A and 20B communicate with the spaces on both sides of the partition wall 20 at both ends. In addition, a through window portion 20C is formed at the intermediate portion, and here, the spaces on both sides of the partition wall 20 are also communicated locally.

  On both surfaces of the partition wall 20, guide plates 21 are erected from the surface of the partition wall 20 at a plurality of positions spaced in the direction of the axis 11. As shown in FIG. 1, the guide plate 21 is provided on one side of the partition wall 20, for example, the front side of the page in FIG. 1 when the surface of the partition wall 20 comes to a position parallel to the page. The guide plate 21 is inclined so as to be positioned from one end side to the other end side in the direction of the axis 11 as it goes downward from above. In FIG. 1, the guide plate 21 provided on the other side of the partition wall 20, that is, on the back side, is a guide on the one side when the cylindrical body 12 rotates halfway and the other side comes to the near side of the page. The plate 21 is provided with an inclination in the opposite direction. In other words, when the guide plate 21 on the other side is on the back side, it has the same inclination as the guide plate 21 on the one side located on the near side when seen through in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. Accordingly, when the guide plates 21 on both sides come to the same position on one side, that is, when the surface of the partition wall 20 provided with the guide plates 21 is rotated upward, the guide plates 21 are rotated downward. In addition, the raw material is guided by the guide plate while being dropped along the surface of the partition wall 20 on one side and the other side, and is conveyed in directions opposite to each other in the direction of the axis 11. As a result, in the region between the communication portion 20A and the through window portion 20C adjacent to the opening portion 15A on the one end side in the direction of the axis 11, the raw material passes through the communication portion 20A and the through window portion 20C on both sides of the partition wall 20. In the region between the through window portion 20C and the communication portion 20B adjacent to the opening 16A on the other end side, the raw material passes through the through window portion 20C and the communication portion 20B to form a partition wall. A downstream circulation flow is generated in the space on both sides of the 20. Thus, the raw material that is rolled and stirred in the cylindrical body 12 by the partition wall 20 is an amount corresponding to the amount of the raw material supplied from the raw material supply pipe 19 while generating the upstream circulation flow and the downstream circulation flow. Is conveyed from the opening 15A on one end side to the opening 16A on the other end side.

  The outer cylindrical body 14 that is stationary on the outer periphery of the rotating cylindrical body 12 is provided with flange portions 14A and 14B on the inner peripheral surfaces at both ends in the direction of the axis 11 so that the outer cylindrical body 14 and the cylindrical The cylindrical body 12 is allowed to rotate while the annular space 13 formed between the cylindrical body 12 and the annular body 13 is sealed with a rotary seal (not shown). The outer cylinder 14 is connected to an air supply pipe 22 on the other end side in the direction of the axis 11 and an exhaust pipe 23 on one end side.

  A hood 24 that covers the outlet portion is provided at the outlet portion of the opening portion 16 </ b> A formed in the end wall portion 16 on the other end side of the cylindrical body 12. The hood 24 is formed with a hole-shaped receiving portion 24A that receives the outer peripheral surface of the other end of the end wall portion 16, and a rotary seal (see FIG. 24) disposed between the receiving portion 24A and the outer peripheral surface of the other end. (Not shown) allows the cylindrical body 12 to rotate in a sealed state.

  The hood 24 is opened vertically, and the catalyst tower 30 described below is connected to the upper opening side, and a solid content discharge pipe 25 is suspended from the lower opening side. Therefore, the gas component discharged from the opening 16A on the other end side of the cylindrical body 12 is guided to the catalyst tower 30, and at the same time, the solid component discharged from the opening 16A falls from the solid component discharge pipe 25. Discharged. In the hood 24, a steam supply pipe 26 for supplying steam from the outside into the hood 24 is positioned on the axis 11.

  The catalyst tower 30 has a vertically long cylindrical shape and has a catalyst housing portion 32 in a tower body 31 having an inlet 31A at the lower portion and an outlet 31B at the upper portion, and a gas around the catalyst housing portion 32. A passage portion 33 is formed. The tower main body 31 is connected to a side portion of the tower main body 31 with a high-temperature gas supply pipe 34 for supplying a high-temperature gas (illustrated by a broken arrow) from the outside to the gas passage section 33, and one end of the outer cylinder 14 described above. Is connected so that the other end of the air supply pipe 22 is connected to the gas passage portion 33. For example, as shown in FIG. 3A showing a cross section, the catalyst housing portion 32 is formed in a plurality of housing pipes 32A extending in the vertical direction (in FIG. 3A, a direction perpendicular to the paper surface). The catalyst 32B is accommodated, and the accommodation tube 32A is open at the upper and lower ends, but the upper and lower openings are provided with a net-like member so that the catalyst does not leak, and gas flows in from the lower opening and the catalyst 32B. The inside can be permeated up and can flow out from the upper opening. The plurality of storage tubes 32A and the tower body 31 are connected by a connecting plate 35 (see FIG. 1), and the gas passage portion 33 formed inside the storage tube 32A and the inside of the storage tube 32A are connected to each other. Not communicating. Accordingly, the gas from the cylindrical body 12 flowing in from the lower inlet 31A of the tower body 31 permeates and rises through the catalyst 32B while directly contacting the catalyst 32B in the receiving pipe 32A and flows out from the upper outlet 31B. To do. On the other hand, the high-temperature gas supplied from the outside to the gas passage portion 33 from the high-temperature gas supply pipe 34 passes through the gas passage portion 33 without passing through the outer surface of the containing tube 32A without contacting the catalyst 32B. Then, the temperature of the catalyst 32B is indirectly increased, and the catalyst 32B is fed into the annular space 13 around the cylindrical body 12 through the air feeding tube 22.

  The cross-sectional shape of the column main body 31 and the positional relationship between the catalyst housing portion 32 and the gas passage portion 33 are not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 3A, and can be modified as shown in FIGS. is there. In FIG. 3, the tower body 31 has a rectangular tube shape in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a cylindrical shape in FIGS. 3C and 3D, and the catalyst 32B has the structure shown in FIG. , (C), and in the housing tube 32A, and in FIGS. 3 (B) and 3 (D), it is housed outside the housing tube 32A. Moreover, the form in the longitudinal cross-section of the said catalyst accommodating part 32 and the gas channel | path part 33 can also be deform | transformed like FIG. 4 (A)-(C) which shows sectional drawing. In FIG. 4A, the gas passage portion 33 is formed by a pipe line that repeatedly bends from the top to the bottom, and in FIG. 4B, a parallel pipe line that branches from the top to the bottom is branched and provided outside the pipe line. Further, in FIG. 4C, the narrow tube 33B is extended to the vicinity of the bottom wall to each of the plurality of vertical tubes 33A opened upward and closed at the bottom by the bottom wall. The lower end of the narrow tube is opened, and the upper ends of the narrow tubes 33B are connected by the shielding wall 33C, thereby forming a flow path as the gas passage portion 33 that is bent and bent between the lower side and the upper side of the shielding wall 33C. The catalyst 32B is arranged outside the vertical tube 33A. By doing so, the flow path length can be increased, and the high-temperature gas flowing through the flow path effectively indirectly heats the catalyst 32B through the tube wall. In any case, the gas component from the cylindrical body 12 flowing in from the lower inlet 31A of the tower body 31 directly contacts the catalyst 32B with a sufficient area and rises in the catalyst housing 32, and from the outside. It is required that the high temperature gas is in contact with the outer surface of the catalyst housing portion 32 with a sufficient area to indirectly heat the catalyst 32B.

  In the present invention, the raw material to be supplied to the cylindrical body 12 contains a combustible material, and is heated in the cylindrical body 12 so as to be thermally decomposed, a solid content containing carbides, a combustible gas, A gas component containing tar vapor and water vapor, and the catalyst tower 30 receives the gas component and performs a steam reforming reaction between the tar vapor and water vapor under the catalyst 32B. The catalyst 32B uses a steam reforming fixed catalyst suitable for this. In the present invention, it is preferable to use a porous alumina or silica carrier on which nickel, iron or the like is deposited, and the particle size is about 5 to 30 mm.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 1, the raw material M containing the combustible material is introduced into the cylindrical body 12 from the raw material supply pipe 19, and the partition wall 20 with the guide plate 21. Under the operation, the inside of the cylindrical body 12 is rolled, and an upstream side circulation flow between the communication portion 20A on one end side of the partition wall 20 and the through window portion 20C is formed. It is conveyed to the downstream side while being heated to a temperature of 400 to 800 ° C. indirectly by the high-temperature gas of −800 ° C. through the cylindrical body 12, and in the downstream side, it rolls in the cylindrical body 12 and penetrates the window portion A downstream circulation flow is formed between 20C and the communication portion 20B on the other end side, and reaches the opening portion 16A on the other end side while receiving indirect heating with the high-temperature gas. The raw material M is sufficiently heated and pyrolyzed until it reaches the opening 16A on the other end side to generate a gas component G and a solid component S, and the gas component G passes through the hood 24 and the catalyst tower 30. The solid content S is discharged from the solid content discharge pipe 25. The solid content S includes ash in addition to carbide (char), and the gas content G includes tar vapor and water vapor in addition to combustible gas. Solids S is separated from carbides, taken out as a fuel product, and ash is appropriately disposed. On the other hand, the gas component G is sent to the catalyst tower 30 in a state where water vapor is supplied from the water vapor supply pipe 26 in the hood 24.

  In the catalyst tower 30, a high-temperature gas of 900 to 1000 ° C. is supplied into the gas passage portion 33 through the high-temperature gas supply pipe 34, and the catalyst 32 </ b> B in the storage pipe 32 </ b> A of the catalyst storage portion 32 is accommodated by this high-temperature gas. It is indirectly heated to a temperature (reaction temperature) of 700 to 900 ° C. necessary for the reaction via the tube 32A. The high-temperature gas after heating the catalyst 32B reaches a temperature of 500 to 800 ° C., is supplied to the annular space 13 through the air supply pipe 22, heats the cylindrical body 12 on its outer peripheral surface, cools down, and then exhausts the exhaust pipe 23. Discharged from. On the other hand, the gas component from the cylindrical body 12 that has flowed into the inlet 31A that forms the lower part of the tower body 31 directly contacts the catalyst 32B in the storage pipe 32A of the catalyst storage section 32 and rises in the storage pipe 32A. , Flows out from the outlet 31B. The gas component contains tar vapor and water vapor in addition to the combustible gas from the beginning, and in combination with the water vapor from the water vapor supply pipe 26, the gas vapor is in contact with the catalyst 32B. Steam undergoes a steam reforming reaction and is completely gasified to produce a new combustible gas that does not contain tar steam. Thus, the initial combustible gas and the new combustible gas are integrated and extracted from the outlet 31B as a fuel product in which tar vapor is gasified.

<Second embodiment>
In the first embodiment apparatus of FIG. 1, the hot gas supplied to the catalyst tower 30 is not particularly limited, but in the second embodiment apparatus shown in FIG. 5, the inside of the cylindrical body 12 of the heating apparatus 10. The solid content generated in the above is burned in a combustor as fuel, and the exhaust gas resulting from the combustion is used as a high-temperature gas and supplied to the catalyst tower 30. In FIG. 5 showing the second embodiment apparatus, the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is used as it is, and the combustor is added to the apparatus. The same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts as in FIG. To do. In FIG. 5, the cylindrical body 12 is exactly the same as that of FIG. 1, and the internal configuration of the cylindrical body 12 does not form a main part in the second embodiment. Only the appearance of the cylindrical body is shown, not shown.

  The apparatus of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has the same cylindrical body 12 and outer cylindrical body 14 as shown in FIG. 1 and a catalyst tower 30, and in addition to these, a combustor 40. Have. The combustor 40 is in the form of a horizontal rotary cylinder, but is not limited to this in the present embodiment, and may be of other types. The combustor 40 is provided with supported rings 42 and 43 on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical combustor main body 41, and is rotatably supported by bearings 42A and 42A, and extends in the lateral direction by a drive means (not shown). Rotating drive around. The combustor main body 41 has openings (not shown) at both ends in the axial direction, and solids from the solid content discharge pipe 25 shown in FIG. Then, the ash after combustion of the solid content is received from the discharge pipe 44 through the opening of the combustor body 41 on the left end side. An air supply pipe 45 that enters the combustor body 41 from the left end thereof is attached to the combustor body 41 so as to rotate together with the combustor body 41, and from an air supply pipe 46 provided outside. The combustion air is received and supplied into the combustor main body 41 through a rotary joint 47 that allows relative rotation.

  The right end side of the combustor body 41 is covered with a hood 49 that allows rotation of the combustor body 41, and the hood 49 is connected to the cyclone 50 </ b> A by an extension pipe 50. The cyclone 50A receives exhaust gas generated by the combustion of solid carbide in the combustor body 41, separates high-temperature gas as a pure gas component and ash contained in the exhaust gas, and converts the high-temperature gas into a cyclone. It is sent from the upper part of 50A to the catalyst tower 30 through the high temperature gas supply pipe 34, and the ash is dropped and discharged from the lower part of the cyclone 50A.

  Thus, in the apparatus of the second embodiment, the solid matter containing carbide generated by the thermal decomposition of the raw material in the cylindrical body 12 is combusted by the combustor 40, and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion is sent to the catalyst tower 30 as a high temperature gas. Since the solid content generated from the raw material thermally decomposed in the cylindrical body 12 is used as fuel to obtain a combustible gas, it is necessary to obtain a high-temperature gas for heating the catalyst. It is not necessary to supply a separate fuel from the outside.

  Next, a preferred modification of the combustor 40 used in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The combustor main body 41 of the combustor 40 shown in FIG. 6 has a horizontal cylindrical shape, the right half 51 is a tube having a taper slightly tapered toward the right end, and the left half 52 is a cylinder. The right half 51 is formed of a heat insulating material.

  The combustor main body 41 has an opening 51 </ b> A formed in the right end wall, and the right end wall portion projects into the hood 49. The hood 49 has a lower end portion of the solid content discharge pipe 25 rushed into, and the solid content generated in the cylindrical body 12 from the lower end opening of the solid content discharge pipe 25 serves as fuel in the combustor body 41. To be supplied.

  The tapered cylindrical left half 52 includes an outer peripheral wall 53 of a heat insulating material, an inner peripheral wall 54 of a porous material having air permeability, and further, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, And a protective wall 55 that covers the outer surface of the wall 53. Grooves 56 are formed in the outer peripheral wall 53 so as to penetrate in the radial direction at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction and extend in the axial direction (perpendicular to the paper surface in FIGS. 7A and 7B). An air supply pipe 57 for supplying a combustion oxidant such as air is disposed in the groove 56 so as to extend in the axial direction. The air supply pipe 57 has a plurality of small ejection holes 57A through which air or the like is ejected. The air pipe 57 will be described later again.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the left end of the left half 52 is an exhaust sealed so as to allow rotation of the combustor body 41 at the axial end of the protective wall 55 (see FIG. 7B). Covered by a cylinder 58. The inside of the discharge cylinder 58 communicates with the opening 52A of the left half 52 of the combustor body 41, and an ash content discharge pipe 59 extends downward from the discharge cylinder 58. The left half 52 is extended from the position of the opening 52A to the left by a cylindrical extending portion 52B having a small diameter in a step shape, and the air supply tube 57 extends along the outer surface of the extending portion 52B. Is extended. A sliding wall 60 is provided at the tip of the extending portion 52B, and the sliding wall 60 extends radially outward from the extending portion 52B. The sliding wall 60 has a convex spherical surface at the end in the axial direction, and the air feeding tube 57 has a crank shape so as to follow the end wall of the left half 52, the extension 52B, and the outer peripheral surface of the sliding wall 60. It is bent and penetrates the sliding wall 60 and opens to the convex spherical surface of the sliding wall 60.

  The sliding wall 60 is provided with a sliding support member 61 having a concave spherical surface that allows relative sliding with the convex spherical surface of the sliding wall 60. The spherical shape of the sliding wall 60 and the sliding support member 61 provides self-alignment so that the combustor body 41 is not affected even if the combustor body 41 is tilted with respect to the normal position under the influence of heat. An air supply path (not shown) communicating with the openings of the plurality of air supply pipes 57 is formed on the convex spherical surface of the sliding wall 60 and the concave spherical surface of the sliding support member 61. Further, an air supply pipe 62 such as air is connected to the sliding support member 61 so that air from an air supply source (not shown) can be supplied to the air supply pipe 57 through the air supply pipe 62 and the air supply path. It has become. The air supplied through the air supply pipe 57 is ejected from the ejection small hole 57A, passes through the inner peripheral wall 54 of the porous material, enters the combustor main body 41, and contributes to combustion.

  Next, the third embodiment apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

<Third embodiment>
In the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the raw material in the cylindrical body is indirectly heated by a high-temperature gas from the outside of the cylindrical body, but in the third embodiment of FIG. 8, combustion of combustible material itself contained in the raw material is performed. In other words, the raw material is heated by so-called self-combustion. Therefore, the inside of the cylindrical body shows a configuration similar to the combustor shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 8, the cylindrical body 12 of the heating device 10 is made of a heat-resistant material in the middle region and the left side region (range hatched in the cross section) in the axial direction (the right side region will be described later). Inside, a partition wall 20 to which a guide plate 21 is attached is provided on the left side region, and a spiral conveyance body 70 is provided in the middle region. In the present embodiment, unlike the case of FIG. 1, no outer cylinder is provided outside the cylindrical body 12.

  The partition wall 20 with the guide plate 21 is in the same form as in FIG. 1, the guide plate 21 is inclined to convey in opposite directions on both sides of the partition wall 20, and the partition wall 20 is upstream of the raw material. (Left side in the figure) Communication portions 20A and 20B for generating a circulating flow are formed (see also FIG. 9A).

A raw material supply pipe 19 enters the opening 15 </ b> A on one end side of the cylindrical body 12. Further, a hood 24 is provided in the opening 15A, and the raw material supply pipe 15 passes through the hood 24. The hood 24 is connected to a catalyst tower 30 similar to that shown in FIG.

  In the intermediate region in the axial direction of the cylindrical body 12, a plurality (four in the illustrated example, as seen in FIG. 9B) of spiral transport bodies 70 are provided. The spiral conveyance body 70 has a form in which a spiral plate is attached around a shaft body arranged in a cylindrical member that is open to the left and right, and rotates together with the cylindrical body 12 so that the raw material is axially aligned with the spiral plate. It is designed to be transported. Two types of the spiral conveyance body 70 are arranged, and one type and the other type have opposite spiral directions, and the conveyance directions are opposite to each other. For example, in FIG. 9B, one type is located above and below, and the other type is located on the left and right. In FIG. 9B, the space between the four spiral conveyance bodies 70 is the raw material in the axial direction other than the spiral conveyance bodies by the shielding plates 71 provided at both end positions of the spiral conveyance body 70 in the axial direction. Is blocked.

  Therefore, as a result of the raw material being conveyed toward one side in the axial direction by a kind of spiral conveyance body 70 and entering the other type of helical conveyance body 70 and being conveyed toward the other in the axial direction, the raw material has a circulation flow in the intermediate region. Form. The communication part 20B described above and the communication part 80A described later communicate with each other between the openings on the one end side and the openings on the other end side of the two kinds of spiral conveyance bodies 70 in order to form the above-described intermediate region circulation flow. .

  The right side area and the extension part 52B of the cylindrical body 12 are similar to the left half part of the second embodiment apparatus shown in FIG. 6 is that a combustion chamber partition wall 80 having a guide plate 81 is provided inside the cylindrical body 12. The combustion chamber partition wall 80 is common in that it has a guide plate 81 and communication portions 80A and 80B at both ends, as compared with the guide plate 21 described above. Thus, in the combustion chamber partition wall 80, a downstream circulating flow of the raw material is generated in the space on both sides of the combustion chamber partition wall 80 through the communication portions 80A and 80B. The raw material forms this downstream circulation flow.

  As described above, the right side area of the cylindrical body 12 has the outer peripheral wall 53 of the heat insulating material and the inner peripheral wall of the porous material having air permeability, as in the left half of FIG. 6 (see also FIG. 7B). 54 and a protective wall 55 that covers the outer surface of the outer peripheral wall 53. The outer peripheral wall 53 is formed with groove portions 56 that penetrate in the radial direction and extend in the axial direction at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction. An air supply pipe 57 for supplying a combustion oxidant such as air is disposed in the groove portion 56. The air supply pipe 57 has a plurality of small ejection holes 57A through which air or the like is ejected. Although the above structure is not clearly shown in FIG. 8, it is the same as FIG. 7B. Thus, the raw material forming the downstream circulation flow receives air or the like from the air supply pipe 57 through the inner peripheral wall 54 of the porous material, and combustible materials contained in the raw material are combusted. That is, a part of the raw material self-combusts, and the right side area to the right end wall of the cylindrical body 12 forms a combustion chamber.

  The right end portion of the right side region of the cylindrical body 12 is covered with a discharge cylinder 90 which is sealed at the axial end portion of the protective wall 55 so as to allow the cylindrical body 12 to rotate. The inside of the discharge cylinder 90 communicates with the communicating portion 80B of the cylindrical body 12, and an exhaust gas pipe 91 is extended upward from the discharge cylinder 90 and a char-containing solid content discharge pipe 92 is extended downward. Yes. The exhaust gas pipe 91 is connected to the high temperature gas supply pipe 34 of the catalyst tower 30 through a cyclone (not shown) so that the exhaust gas is supplied to the catalyst tower 30 as a high temperature gas. A sliding wall 60 similar to the case in FIG. 6 is provided at the tip of the extending portion 52B of the cylindrical body 12, and air from the air supply pipe 62 is supplied to the communicating portion 80B.

  In this embodiment, when a raw material containing a combustible material is introduced from the raw material supply pipe 19 to one (left) end side of the cylindrical body 12, the raw material is within the range of the partition wall 20 on the upstream side in the axial direction. Thus, an upstream circulating flow is formed through the communication portions 20A and 20B, and is conveyed from the position of the communication portion 20B to the spiral conveyance body in the intermediate region, and the communication portion 20B of the partition wall 20 and the combustion chamber partition in the intermediate region After the intermediate region circulation flow is formed through the communication portion 80A of the wall 80, the intermediate region is brought to the right region of the cylindrical body 12 serving as a combustion chamber. In this right side region, the raw material receives air as an oxidant from the air supply pipe 62 through the porous inner peripheral wall 54 while forming a downstream circulation flow through the communication portion 80A and the communication portion 80B. Part of the raw material burns. That is, the raw material self-combusts by the combustible material contained in a part of the raw material. The exhaust gas generated by the self-combustion is sent to the high temperature gas supply pipe 34 of the catalyst tower 30 through the exhaust gas pipe 91 and used for indirect heating of the catalyst 32B.

  A part of the raw material forming the downstream circulation flow burns, and the amount of heat is mixed with the intermediate circulation material and transmitted to the intermediate circulation material in the communication portion 80A. Similarly, since the raw material in the intermediate circulation flow is mixed with the raw material in the upstream circulation flow at the communication portion 80B, the amount of heat is transferred to the raw material in the upstream circulation flow. Due to this amount of heat, the upstream circulating raw material is pyrolyzed to produce a gas component and a char-containing solid component. The gas component is sent to the catalyst tower 30 and is gasified under a steam reforming reaction as in the case of FIG. 1 and is taken out as a combustible gas containing no tar vapor.

  In this way, the amount of heat is transferred from the other (right) end side in the axial direction to the one (left) end side, but the raw material itself is transferred from one end side to the other end side. The solid content discharge pipe 92 is discharged from the end side.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pyrolysis apparatus of combustible material containing raw material 11 Axis 12 Tubular body 15A, 16A Opening 30 Catalyst tower 40 Combustor

Claims (3)

Openings are formed at both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical body with the axis extending in the lateral direction as the center of rotation, and the cylindrical body is heated on the outer peripheral surface, so that the combustible material-containing raw material inside the cylindrical body starts from one end in the axial direction. In the pyrolyzer of a combustible material-containing raw material that is pyrolyzed during movement toward the other end to generate a solid content containing carbide and a gas content containing combustible gas,
A raw material supply port is provided at one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, and a solid content discharge port and a gas content discharge port are provided at the other end, and the gas content discharge port is connected to the catalyst tower, A fixed catalyst for reforming is built in, and a high-temperature gas for heating the fixed catalyst is received from the outside. After the gas component from the gas outlet directly contacts the fixed catalyst, A combustible-containing raw material pyrolysis apparatus, which is discharged and used for heating the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical body after indirect heating of a fixed catalyst with a high-temperature gas.   The combustor-containing raw material pyrolysis apparatus further includes a combustor, and the combustor receives solids from the solid content outlet of the cylindrical body as fuel and burns it, and the exhaust gas after combustion is a high-temperature gas The combustible-containing raw material pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis apparatus is supplied to the catalyst tower as a catalyst. Openings are formed at both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical body centering on the axis extending in the lateral direction, and the combustible material-containing raw material inside the cylindrical body is heated by self-combustion while moving from one end to the other in the axial direction. In the pyrolyzer of a combustible material-containing raw material that decomposes to produce a solid content containing carbide and a gas content containing combustible gas,
A raw material supply port and a gas component discharge port are provided at one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, and the gas component discharge port is connected to a catalyst tower, and the catalyst tower contains a fixed catalyst for steam reforming. The gas component from the gas discharge port is discharged from the catalyst tower after directly contacting the fixed catalyst, and the other end of the cylindrical body has a solid content discharge port and a high temperature gas discharge port. Is provided, and the high-temperature gas from the high-temperature gas discharge port is sent to the catalyst tower to indirectly heat the fixed catalyst.

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