JP5957068B2 - Breakwater structure and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a breakwater structure and a construction method thereof, and more particularly to a breakwater structure that is easy to construct and excellent in wave-dissipating performance and a construction method thereof.

A breakwater structure is a structure installed in the vicinity of a harbor or a fishing port, and plays a role of protecting shelves and other facilities in the harbor from wave energy rushing from the open sea. Such breakwater structures are designed in consideration of various factors such as coastline length, wave height, ground characteristics, etc., and a method that satisfies both the wave extinction function and economic aspects is selected appropriately. Install.

  Generally, a breakwater structure is installed at a height that can prevent a certain amount of waves, and a method of protecting the inland sea by blocking the inland sea and the outside sea in a section where the breakwater is installed is mainly used. However, such a method confines seawater in the inland sea, so it becomes expensive and the inflow and outflow of seawater is not smooth. As a result, there was a problem that the tidal flat on the inland sea and the ecosystem on the seabed were destroyed. Furthermore, a repulsive force is generated in the seawater that hits the breakwater structure, and the seawater that rushes one after another hits the breakwater structure with even greater energy. There was a problem that occurred even when entering and causing damage.

On the other hand, in order to solve such problems, breakwaters having various structures that allow seawater to circulate have been proposed. As an example, a breakwater structure using a “unit block for building a breakwater” according to Korean Patent No. 770238 is disclosed. However, a breakwater structure using such a “unit block” has the advantages of being able to distribute seawater and having excellent wave-dissipating performance. There is a problem that it is difficult to be bonded accurately because it is necessary to laminate them together. In addition, when the unit block is stacked and joined, the joining site often breaks, and when the wave energy from the open sea is high, the projection is relatively small compared to the size of the whole block, so it is separated by lift. There was a problem.

The present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems, and has an object to provide a breakwater structure that is excellent in wave-dissipating performance and easy to construct.

  The object of the present invention described above is a bottom plate that is installed on the sea floor and has a plurality of grooves formed on the upper surface so as to be spaced apart at a predetermined interval, and a bottom frame in which a plurality of pillars form a lattice shape, A side frame in which a plurality of pillars are vertically formed around the bottom frame, and an upper frame in which the plurality of pillars form a lattice shape with the periphery connected to the upper stage of the side frame so as to cover the upper side of the bottom frame A unit block having a space formed between the bottom frame, the side frame, and the top frame, and a plurality of unit blocks arranged and stacked on the bottom plate, and a column shape, and the top frame of the unit block And a breakwater including a plurality of fixed bodies that can restrict the horizontal flow of the unit block by inserting and fixing the lower stage into the groove of the bottom plate through the hole between the grids of the bottom frame. It is achieved by providing a creature.

  According to a preferred feature of the present invention, the bottom frame, the side frame, and the upper frame of the unit block are each formed of a column, and the fixed body is formed in a column shape.

  According to another preferred feature of the present invention, the fixed body may have a plurality of recesses formed on the outer surface so as to be long in the length direction and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval.

  According to still another preferred aspect of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a cover plate that covers an uppermost layer of the unit block.

  According to still another preferred feature of the present invention, the fixed body may be exposed at the upper part of the uppermost layer of the unit block and coupled to the lower surface of the cover plate.

  According to still another preferred feature of the present invention, the cover plate may be integrally formed in a form in which an upper stage of the fixed body is attached to a lower surface.

  In addition, the object of the present invention described above is to provide a bottom plate that is installed on the seabed and has a plurality of protrusions formed on the upper surface so as to be spaced apart at a predetermined interval, and a bottom in which a plurality of pillars form a lattice shape. A frame, a side frame in which a plurality of pillars are vertically formed around the bottom frame, and a periphery connected to an upper stage of the side frame so as to cover an upper side of the bottom frame, and the plurality of pillars are in a lattice shape And a first unit block having a space formed between the bottom frame, the side frame, and the upper frame, and a plurality of the first unit blocks arranged on the bottom plate. It is also achieved by providing a breakwater structure in which the horizontal flow of the first unit block is restricted by fitting the protrusions of the bottom plate into the holes between the lattices of the bottom frame of the block. Get.

  Here, the breakwater structure includes a second unit block stacked in multiple layers on the upper side of the first unit block, and a pillar shape, and includes holes between the lattices of the upper frame and the bottom frame of the second unit block. A plurality of fixed bodies may be included that can restrict horizontal flow of the unit block by being fixed to the protrusions of the bottom plate.

  According to the breakwater structure according to the present invention, since it has a structure in which the flow of seawater is not blocked, environmental pollution in the harbor can be prevented.

  Further, the breakwater structure according to the present invention has a structure in which curved shapes in the vertical and horizontal directions are repeated, and it is advantageous to change the direction of waves and generate frictional energy.

  Moreover, according to the breakwater structure by this invention, since it is a system by which a fixing body is inserted up and down, construction is easy and it can fix firmly.

  Further, according to the breakwater structure according to the present invention, it is easy to adjust the diameter and quantity of the fixed bodies and the distance between the fixed bodies, so that it is easy to design an optimal breakwater.

It is a perspective view of a breakwater structure by an embodiment of the present invention. The disassembled perspective view of the breakwater structure shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the unit block of a breakwater structure shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the fixed body of the breakwater structure shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the fixed body of the breakwater structure shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows that a fixed body is inserted in the unit block of a breakwater structure shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the installation state of the breakwater structure shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of a breakwater structure by other embodiments of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiment described below is for explaining in detail to such an extent that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can easily carry out the invention, thereby limiting the protection scope of the present invention. It does not mean to be done. Also, in describing several embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals are used for components having the same technical characteristics.

  A breakwater structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. As illustrated, the breakwater structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom plate 100, a unit block 200, and a fixed body 300, and may further include a cover plate 400 and a foundation block 500.

  As illustrated in FIG. 5, the bottom plate 100 is installed on the sea floor and forms the basis of a breakwater structure. A plurality of grooves 110 are formed on the top surface of the bottom plate 100, and the grooves 110 are arranged spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and the lower stage of the fixed body 300 is inserted and fixed in the grooves 110.

  The bottom plate 100 is directly installed on the floor of the seabed. When the topography of the floor of the seabed is unstable, a separate foundation block 500 is provided for horizontal installation. The bottom plate 100 and the foundation block 500 are made of a concrete material, but are not limited thereto, and various materials can be applied.

  A plurality of unit blocks 200 are stacked on the upper side of the bottom plate 100 to form the main body of the breakwater structure. As shown in FIG. 3, the unit block 200 has a hexahedral shape as a whole, and has a lattice-shaped configuration and an internal space (not shown) so that seawater can pass therethrough. A plurality of unit blocks 200 are stacked and arranged, and the unit blocks 200 stacked on each other are fixed by a fixed body 300. At this time, the unit blocks 200 may be arranged in a row and stacked, and may be arranged in a zigzag manner and stacked as necessary.

  The unit block 200 includes a bottom frame 210, a side frame 220, and an upper frame 230. The bottom frame 210 forms a floor surface of the unit block 200, and a plurality of cylinders has a lattice shape. The side frame 220 is formed around the bottom frame 210, is formed perpendicular to the bottom frame 210, and is formed of a cylinder like the bottom frame 210. The upper frame 230 has a plurality of cylinders having the same shape as the bottom frame 210 in a lattice shape, and is located above the bottom frame 210, that is, above the internal space (not shown) of the unit block 200 formed by the side frame 220. It is formed so as to cover.

  The fixed body 300 penetrates through holes (not shown) between the upper frame 230 and the bottom frame 210 of the unit block 200. Therefore, each unit block 200 can be prevented from being horizontally flowed by the external force from the side surface by the fixed body 300.

  Therefore, in the breakwater structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, the unit block 200 forms a main body, and the unit block 200 is configured by forming a plurality of cylinders in a lattice shape and forming an internal space. Sea water can be smoothly circulated through the space of the block 200, and the cylinders are connected to each other like a net horizontally and vertically, so that the effect of changing wave energy flowing irregularly in a three-dimensional direction to four directions is effective. Can be attenuated. Further, by forming curved surfaces in the horizontal and vertical directions, the direction of waves is effectively dispersed and friction energy is effectively generated.

  Further, since the horizontal movement of the unit block 200 is restricted by the fixed body 300, the breakwater structure can be stably maintained.

  The fixed body 300 has a pillar shape as shown in FIG. 2 and can be inserted and fixed in the groove 110 of the bottom plate 100. As shown in FIG. 4A, the fixed body 300 has a simple cylindrical shape, and basically has a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 4B. However, the fixed body 300 is long in the length direction on the outer surface. A recess 310 may be formed. At this time, the plurality of recesses 310 are formed to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, but the cross section of the recesses 310 of the fixed body 300 has a semicircular shape. Therefore, the wave energy rushing from the open sea can be easily redirected by the recess 310 and the energy can be attenuated.

  The fixed body 300 penetrates the inside of the unit block 200. When a plurality of the unit blocks 200 are stacked, the fixed body 300 penetrates the holes between the lattices of the upper frame 230 of each unit block 200 and between the lattices of the bottom frame 210. The plurality of unit blocks 200 are fixed by passing through. At this time, although the design value can be changed according to the characteristics of the place where it is installed, the diameter and quantity of the fixed body 300 and the distance between the fixed bodies 300 are changed according to the design value.

  For example, by reducing the diameter of the fixed body 300 or increasing the distance between the fixed bodies 300 in places where the wave height and wave force are low, the amount of seawater that circulates can be increased, the porosity can be increased, and installation costs can be reduced. In addition, in a place where the wave height and wave power are high, the wave energy damping force can be increased by installing the fixed body 300 more finely. On the other hand, the fixed body 300 includes one long pillar and may have a shape in which a plurality of short pillars are connected in some cases.

  The fixed body 300 can improve the safety of the breakwater structure by restricting the side flow through the unit block 200, and can guide water vertically moving by the vertical cylindrical fixed body 300. The wave energy attenuation efficiency can be improved by using the volume space of the breakwater to attenuate the wave energy.

  In addition, since it is easy to change the size and quantity of the fixed body 300, it is easy to change the design according to the installation location, and since it can be installed by a simple operation of penetrating the fixed body 300 between the unit blocks 200, it is easy. Construction of a breakwater structure is possible.

  The cover plate 400 is formed so as to cover the upper part of the unit block 200. At this time, the cover plate 400 may be coupled to the upper part of the uppermost layer of the unit block 200 in such a manner that the cover plate 400 is simply seated by its own weight. And the upper parts of the fixed body 300 are coupled together. As another method, after the fixed body 300 protrudes above the uppermost unit block 200, a mold is formed above the uppermost layer of the unit block 200, and then the concrete is placed and cured. Accordingly, the upper body of the fixed body 300 may be molded in a form attached to the lower surface of the cover plate 400.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the foundation block 500 is a member that is installed when the bottom surface of the seabed is unstable when the bottom plate 100 is installed, and is fixed to the bottom surface of the seabed, It has a flat structure so that the plate 100 can be seated. A protrusion 510 fixed to the floor of the sea floor is formed below the foundation block 500.

  With reference to FIG. 6, the construction method of the breakwater structure by one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The method for constructing a breakwater structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step of molding the bottom plate 100, the unit block 200, the fixed body 300, and the cover plate 400, respectively, and a step of installing the bottom plate 100 on the seabed. A plurality of unit blocks 200 arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 100 and stacked in multiple layers; and after fixing the fixing body 300 into holes between lattices of the stacked unit blocks 200, the fixing The method includes a step of fitting the lower stage of the body 300 into the groove 110 of the bottom plate 100 and fixing the cover plate 400 to the upper stage of the fixed body 300 and covering the uppermost layer of the unit block 200.

  When constructing a breakwater structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, first, the bottom plate 100, the unit block 200, the fixed body 300, and the cover plate 400 are each molded and carried to the site. Next, the foundation block 500 for construction is installed on the floor of the sea floor, but this process can be omitted depending on the state of the sea floor.

  Next, the bottom plate 100 is seated on the foundation block 500 or the upper surface of the seabed. A plurality of grooves 110 are formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 100, and a plurality of fixed bodies 300 are fitted into the grooves 110 and fixed in the vertical direction.

  Next, a plurality of unit blocks 200 are arranged in a row or zigzag on the upper surface of the bottom plate 100 and stacked. At this time, the unit block 200 is laminated and installed in various layers according to the design height.

  Next, the plurality of fixed bodies 300 are installed so as to penetrate from below the unit block 200 in which the plurality of fixed bodies 300 are stacked. At this time, the lower stage of the fixed body 300 is inserted and fixed in the groove 110 of the bottom plate 100.

  Next, the cover plate 300 is fixedly connected to the uppermost layer of the stacked unit blocks 200 to complete the installation, thereby performing the function as a breakwater structure.

  On the other hand, as another example of the construction method, the cover plate 400 can be integrally formed with the fixed body 300. Specifically, there is a method in which the cover plate 400 is molded during the construction process without being transported by molding the cover plate 400. .

  At this time, the step of seating and joining the cover plate 300 to the uppermost layer of the stacked unit blocks 200 is omitted, and instead, after placing the formwork on the upper side of the fixed body 300, the concrete is cast. After the installation, a step of covering the uppermost layer of the unit block 300 is added by molding the cover plate 400 in a form in which the upper stage of the fixed body 300 adheres to the lower surface.

  A breakwater structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The breakwater structure according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom plate 100, a first unit block 200 ', and may further include a second unit block 200' ', a fixed body 300, a cover plate 400, and a foundation block 500. Here, the bottom plate 100, the first unit block 200 ′, the second unit block 200 ″, the fixed body 300, the cover plate 400, and the foundation block 500 are the bottom plate 100 of the breakwater structure according to the embodiment of the present invention described above. The technical features of the unit block 200, the fixed body 300, the cover plate 400, and the basic block 500 are substantially the same, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted, and only differences are described.

  The bottom plate 100 is installed on the floor of the seabed and serves as the foundation of the breakwater structure. As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of protrusions 120 are formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 100, and the protrusions 120 are fitted into holes between lattices of the bottom frame 210 of the first unit block 200 '.

  The first unit block 200 ′ is the same as the unit block 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention described above, except that the first unit block 200 ′ is not stacked in a plurality of layers on the upper side of the bottom plate 100, and is arranged to form one layer. The only difference is that the horizontal flow is limited by fitting the protrusion 120 of the bottom plate 100 into the bottom frame 210.

  The second unit block 200 ″ is substantially the same as the unit block 200 in the embodiment according to the present invention described above, except that the unit blocks 200 arranged and stacked above the first unit block 200 ′ are the first unit blocks 200 ′. This is named 2 unit block 200 ″.

  A method for constructing such a breakwater structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described. The method for constructing a breakwater structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is not significantly different from the method for constructing a breakwater structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. However, the first unit block 200 ′ is stacked as one layer, and the protrusion 120 of the bottom plate 100 is fitted into the first unit block 200 ′. In addition, the unit block 200 arranged and stacked above the first unit block 200 ′ is named the second unit block 200 ″, and the fixed body 300 is fixed to the protruding portion 120 of the bottom plate 100. There is only a difference.

  On the other hand, when the breakwater structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is installed at a low wave height, it may be installed without the second unit block 200 ″ and the cover plate 400.

  Through such a process, the user can construct the breakwater structure according to the present invention. In other words, since it does not block the flow of seawater, it can prevent environmental pollution in the port, and it has a structure in which curved shapes in the vertical and horizontal directions are repeated, which is advantageous for wave direction change and friction energy generation You can construct things.

In addition, since the fixed body is fitted on the top and bottom, it is easy to construct and can be firmly coupled, and the diameter, quantity and distance between the fixed bodies can be easily adjusted, and the fixed body It is possible to construct a breakwater structure that allows easy density adjustment.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, those who have ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the scope of the claims of the present invention. .

100: Bottom plate 200: Unit block 300: Fixed body 400: Cover plate 500: Base block

Claims (10)

A bottom plate that is installed on the sea floor and has a plurality of grooves formed on the upper surface so as to be spaced apart at a predetermined interval;
A bottom frame in which a plurality of pillars form a lattice shape, a side frame in which a plurality of pillars are vertically formed around the bottom frame, and a periphery on the upper side of the side frame so as to cover an upper side of the bottom frame A unit block that is connected and has a top frame in which a plurality of pillars form a lattice shape, and a space formed between the bottom frame, the side frame, and the top frame, and many are arranged and stacked on the bottom plate When,
A plurality of fixed bodies, each having a columnar shape, which can restrict horizontal flow of the unit block by being inserted and fixed in a groove of the bottom plate through a hole between the upper frame and the bottom frame of the unit block. Including breakwater structures.   2. The breakwater structure according to claim 1, wherein a bottom frame, a side frame, and an upper frame of the unit block are each configured by a cylinder, and the fixed body has a cylindrical shape.   The breakwater structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixed body has a plurality of recesses formed on an outer surface so as to be long in the length direction and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval.   The breakwater structure according to claim 1, further comprising a cover plate that covers an uppermost layer of the unit block.   5. The breakwater structure according to claim 4, wherein an upper stage of the fixed body is exposed at an upper portion of an uppermost layer of the unit block and is coupled to a lower surface of the cover plate.   The breakwater structure according to claim 4, wherein the cover plate is integrally formed in a form in which an upper stage of the fixed body is attached to a lower surface. Forming the bottom plate, the unit block, the fixed body and the cover plate of claim 5 and carrying them to the site;
Installing the bottom plate on the seabed;
Arranging a plurality of unit blocks on the top surface of the bottom plate, and laminating them in multiple layers;
Inserting the fixed body into the holes between the lattices of the stacked unit blocks and then fixing the lower stage of the fixed body into the groove of the bottom plate;
A breakwater structure construction method including the step of covering the uppermost layer of the unit block by attaching the cover plate to the upper stage of the fixed body. Forming the bottom plate, the unit block and the fixed body of claim 6 and carrying them to the site;
Installing the bottom plate on the seabed;
Arranging a plurality of unit blocks on the top surface of the bottom plate, and laminating them in multiple layers;
Inserting the lower stage of the fixed body into the holes between the lattices of the stacked unit blocks, and then fixing the lower stage of the fixed body into the groove of the bottom plate; and
After placing a formwork on the uppermost layer of the unit block and placing concrete, it is cured and a cover plate is molded in a form in which the upper stage of the fixed body is attached to the lower surface. Breakwater structure construction method including the step of covering the upper layer. A bottom plate that is installed on the sea floor and on which a plurality of protrusions are formed so as to be arranged at a predetermined interval on the upper surface;
A bottom frame in which a plurality of pillars form a lattice shape, a side frame in which a plurality of pillars are vertically formed around the bottom frame, and a periphery on the upper side of the side frame so as to cover an upper side of the bottom frame A first frame that is connected and has a space formed between the bottom frame, the side frame, and the upper frame, and a plurality of the columns are arranged on the bottom plate. A breakwater structure including a unit block, wherein a horizontal flow of the first unit block is restricted by fitting a protrusion of the bottom plate into a hole between lattices of a bottom frame of the first unit block.   The second unit block is stacked in multiple layers on the upper side of the first unit block, and has a pillar shape. The lower stage of the bottom plate penetrates the hole between the upper frame and the bottom frame of the second unit block. The breakwater structure according to claim 9, comprising a plurality of fixed bodies capable of restricting a horizontal flow of the unit block by being fixed to a protruding portion.

Images